高中试卷答案网四川省泸州市泸县2022-2023学年高二下学期开学考试英语试题
一、阅读理解（共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分）
（2023高二下·泸县开学考）阅读理解
Britain seems to have great creativity — especially in the performing and visual arts.
Theatrical tradition
Theaters in Britain date back at least to the 16th century, and the most famous playwright is of course William Shakespeare. A company was founded in his name, with a stage at his birthplace, Stratford-upon-Avon. It has trained generations of actors. In the 20th century, classical and more modern plays were also performed at many regional theaters, where actors and writers gained experience.
Film stars
The world of film-making has involved British creative talent from the beginning. Charlie Chaplin, born in poverty in London's East End, began as a child entertainer in music halls. He then became a pioneer of silent movies in Hollywood and created many black-and-white classics during the First World War. British actors, who were often classically trained in theater, Laurence Olivier and Alec Guinness became house-hold names after the Second World War.
Supporting talent
Film-making creativity has been supported by two major studios. Productions at Shepperton have included Richard Attenborough's Gandhi and Ridley Scott's Alien. Pinewood's most famous products must be the James Bond films. Both theater and film have their own annual festivals, including one of the biggest festivals in Scotland's capital, Edinburgh.
Visual expression
The visual arts also show Britain's creative spirit, from Romantic Age painters like Turner and Constable to groups such as the Pre-Raphaelites and the modernist sculpture of Henry Moore and Barbara Hepworth. Today's famous artists — Damien Hirst or Tracey Emin — regularly show in the newspapers, and their works are sold at high prices.
1．Which of the following helps actors and writers a lot
A．Musical theaters. B．Stratford-upon-Avon.
C．London's West End. D．Regional theaters.
2．What can we learn from the passage about Charlie Chaplin
A．He came from a rich family.
B．He went to theater school as a child.
C．He began as a child entertainer in Hollywood.
D．He contributed to the early film industry in Hollywood.
3．What do we know about Damien Hirst and Tracey Emin
A．You have to pay a lot to buy their works.
B．They have both invented new art forms.
C．They mainly learnt from Romantic Age painters.
D．You can buy their works from many major galleries.
【答案】1．D
2．D
3．A
【知识点】细节理解题；社会文化类；说明文
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文，介绍了英国似乎有很大的创造力，尤其是在表演和视觉艺术方面，并具体介绍了英国在戏剧的传统、电影明星、辅助人才以及视觉表达四个方面的创造力。
【点评】考查阅读理解，包含细节理解题，是一篇文化类阅读，注意先略读文章，掌握文章大意，再分析题干及选项，到文中找到相关内容并进行理解。
1．考查细节理解。根据Theatrical tradition部分中的“In the 20th century, classical and more modern plays were also performed at many regional theaters, where actors and writers gained experience.”在20世纪，许多地方剧院也上演古典和更现代的戏剧，演员和作家在那里获得了经验。可知，Regional theaters对演员和作家有很大帮助。故选D。
2．考查细节理解。根据Film stars部分中的“He then became a pioneer of silent movies in Hollywood and created many black-and-white classics during the First World War.”他后来成为好莱坞无声电影的先驱，并在第一次世界大战期间创作了许多黑白经典电影。可知，查理·卓别林为好莱坞的早期电影产业做出了贡献。故选D。
3．考查细节理解。根据Visual expression部分中的“…their works are sold at high prices.”他们的作品以高价出售，可知，你得花很多钱才能买到Damien Hirst和Tracey Emin的作品。故选A。
（2023高二下·泸县开学考）
阅读理解
Cassius Marcellus Clay
was born on January 17th, 1942 in Louisville, Kentucky. In his younger years he
had no interest in sports until an accident happened.
When Cassius was 12, his
new bike was missing. Reporting the theft to Policeman Joe Martin, he said that
he was going to beat whoever had taken his bike. Martin, who had been coaching youth
boxing for decades, asked the boy, "Do you know how to fight " When Cassius
admitted that he didn't, the officer suggested, "You'd better learn!
It was the beginning of
his boxing career. Cassius devoted himself to boxing training. Although he wasn't
very talented in boxing, he worked harder than anyone else in the gym. He'd rush
to the gym every day as soon as school was over and would even train on Saturdays.
Outside of the gym, Cassius stayed away from anything that would influence his training.
He was showing the kind of determination and discipline that other boxers didn't
have.
Under the guidance of Martin
and his friend, young Clay began winning games one after another. By the age of
18 he had won 108 games, 6 Kentucky Golden Gloves championships and 2 national AAU
titles.
Today he is recognized
as the greatest athlete of modem times. He always carried a self confidence and
believed in his ability that he can put his competitors off guard before the first
round bell had even sounded.
4．How did Cassius feel when he told the policeman his bike was stolen
A．Disappointed. B．Confused. C．Amazed. D．Angry.
5．What did Martin do with young Cassius
A．He asked Cassius to train hard.
B．He helped Cassius to find his bike.
C．He advised Cassius to learn boxing.
D．He introduced Cassius to an boxing coach.
6．Which can be used to describe Cassius
A．Bad-tempered. B．Easy-going. C．Cold-hearted. D．Hard-working.
7．Why did the author mention some figures in Paragraph 4
A．To show Cassius' achievements.
B．To express Cassius' determination.
C．To express his admiration to Cassius.
D．To show the importance of hard work.
【答案】4．D
5．C
6．D
7．A
【知识点】推理判断题；细节理解题；人物故事类；记叙文
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇记叙文，讲述了卡修斯·马塞勒斯·克莱成为伟大的拳击远动员的故事。
【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解和推理判断两个题型的考查，是一篇故事类阅读，考生需要准确捕捉细节信息，并根据上下文进行逻辑推理，从而选出正确答案。
4．考查推理判断。根据第二段中的“Reporting the theft to Policeman Joe Martin, he said that he was going to beat whoever had taken his bike.”他把失窃的事报告给警察乔·马丁，说他要揍那个偷他自行车的人。可知，Cassius告诉警察时想要打偷自行车的人，说明他很生气。故选D。
5．考查细节理解。根据第二段中的“Martin, who had been coaching youth boxing for decades, asked the boy, ‘Do you know how to fight ’ When Cassius admitted that he didn't, the officer suggested, "You'd better learn!”马丁做了几十年的青年拳击教练，他问这个男孩：“你知道怎么打吗 ”当卡修斯承认他不知道时，警官建议说:“你最好学学!”可知，Martin建议Cassius去学习拳击。故选C。
6．考查推理判断。根据第三中的“Although he wasn't very talented in boxing, he worked harder than anyone else in the gym.”虽然他在拳击方面不是很有天赋，但他在体育馆里比任何人都努力。可知，Cassius是努力的，勤勉的。故选D。
7．考查推理判断。根据第四段中的“By the age of 18 he had won 108 games, 6 Kentucky Golden Gloves championships and 2 national AAU titles.”18岁时，他赢得了108场比赛，6次肯塔基金手套冠军和2次全国AAU冠军。可知，第四段的这些数字都在展示Cassius的成就。故选A。
（2023高二下·泸县开学考）阅读理解
Got vegan milk The amount of faux (人造的) dairy products is growing and the choices seem endless. You can buy products made of soy, almond, rice, oats, and coconut, in regular or flavored varieties.
A report shows that sales of plant-based dairy alternatives grew twice as fast in 2020 as real milk. But some people won't make the switch because the alternatives don't taste the same as milk. Now, a milk alternative is being launched that actually tastes like it came from a cow. Danone, which is known for its yogurt, will be launching two new milk alternatives in North America that the company expects to fill this place.
Silk's Next Milk and So Delicious' Wondermilk will both be made of oat milk, coconut milk, coconut oil, and soy. Danone is counting on the new products to reach people who want to switch from dairy for health or ethical reasons but enjoy the taste of milk in their coffee and breakfast cereal.
"There's been a group of consumers who remain skeptical about plant-based offerings, largely because of their taste and texture, "John Starkey said. "From our research, we saw that there were about 53 per cent of people who say that they wouldn't purchase plant-based beverages because of their taste."
While the company has been in the faux dairy business since 2016, the products did not have the real dairy taste. The company used its experience with both real dairy and faux dairy products to refine the new offerings.
There are other milk alternatives available that also aim to be more milk like. Notco, a company, located in Chile, produces a milk alternative called Not Milk that is made of sunflower oil, pea protein, water, and pineapple juice. Another pea-based product called Wunda was launched by Nestle in Europe in 2021. The food giant Impossible Foods is also working on their own version of milk called Impossible Milk. The company is looking to corner the faux dairy market the same way its Impossible Burger did when it was released in 2016.
8．What is special about Danone's new milks
A．The taste is equal to that of a cow.
B．They have won the favor of consumers.
C．They have high nutritional value.
D．Their prices prove a lot lower.
9．What can we infer from what John Starkey said
A．He was optimistic. B．He was a bit concerned.
C．He was in charge of the study. D．He'll improve taste constantly.
10．What does Impossible Milk belong to
A．Danone. B．Notco.
C．Wunda. D．Impossible Foods.
11．Where is the text most taken from
A．A notice board. B．A news report.
C．A health magazine. D．A research paper.
【答案】8．A
9．B
10．D
11．C
【知识点】推理判断题；细节理解题；说明文；医疗保健
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文，介绍了几大公司正在研发口味更接近牛奶的植物性乳制品，以满足素食人群对食品种类和口味的需求。
【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解和推理判断两个题型的考查，是一篇健康类阅读，通读全文，理解文章大意，阅读题目后返回原文阅读并找出与题目相对应的内容，仔细核对，选择符合原文原意的答案，完成后再次阅读并检查。
8．考查细节理解。根据第三段中的“Danone is counting on the new products to reach people who want to switch from dairy for health or ethical reasons but enjoy the taste of milk in their coffee and breakfast cereal.”Danone指望这些新产品能够吸引那些出于健康或道德原因想要放弃乳制品、但又喜欢咖啡和早餐麦片中牛奶味道的人。可知，Danone的新乳制品的口味和牛奶一样。故选A。
9．考查推理判断。根据第四段中的“From our research, we saw that there were about 53 per cent of people who say that they wouldn’t purchase plant-based beverages because of their taste.”从我们的研究中，我们发现大约有53%的人说他们因口味问题，不会选择购买植物性饮料。可推知，John Starkey对植物性乳制品的前景有点担忧，因为研究发现大约一半的人不会购买植物性饮料。故选B。
10．考查细节理解。根据最后一段中的“The food giant Impossible Foods is also working on their own version of milk called Impossible Milk.”食品巨头Impossible Foods也在研发他们自己的牛奶，名为Impossible milk。可知，Impossible milk是属于Impossible Foods的。故选D。
11．考查推理判断。通读全文可知，本文介绍了几大公司正在研发口味更接近牛奶的植物性乳制品，以满足素食人群对食品种类和口味的需求。可推知，文章最有可能出自一份健康杂志。故选C。
（2023高二下·泸县开学考）阅读理解
Thousands of years ago,
people didn't live in cold places because they didn't know how to keep themselves
warm. Later they learned to make clothes. When an animal was killed, they made use
of its skins to cover their bodies. The skins kept them warm. Nature is people's
good friend. It once helped people find fire, when lightning hit a forest and started
a fire. People took some of this fire to their homes. The fire kept them warm, and
also frightened wild animals. Soon people found the food cooked tasted much better,
so they began to use the fire to cook food. But people still didn't know how to
make a fire. When they got a fire from the forest they tried to keep it burning.
If it went out, they had to wait for years. But later they found different ways
to make fire. For example, they made fire by burning wood or knocking two pieces
of stones.
Today it's easy for people
to make fire because they have matches, lighters and different kinds of heaters.
They can make fire at any time they need.
12．Why did people live only in hot places once
A．Because they didn't know how to kill animals.
B．Because they didn't know how to take fire from forest.
C．Because they didn't know how to keep themselves warm.
D．Because they didn't know how to make matches.
13．What did people use animal skins to do in those days
A．For food. B．To make fire.
C．For burning. D．To warm themselves.
14．People later learned how to use fire to ________.
A．cook food B．kill animals
C．cut off an animal's skin D．burn wood
15．How did people learn to make fire later
A．By burning stones. B．By burning wood.
C．By burning dry leaves. D．By burning animal skins.
【答案】12．C
13．D
14．A
15．B
【知识点】细节理解题；社会历史类；说明文
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文，介绍人类从认识火到用火以及会取火的过程。
【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解题型的考查，是一篇历史类阅读，首先要仔细阅读短文，掌握大意，然后结合具体的题目，再读短文，从中找出相关信息，就可以确定正确答案。
12．考查细节理解。根据第一段中的“Thousands of years ago, people didn't live in cold places because they didn't know how to keep themselves warm.”几千年前，人们不生活在寒冷的地方，因为他们不知道如何保持温暖。可知，人们曾经只生活在炎热的地方，因为他们不知道如何保暖。故选C。
13．考查细节理解。根据第一段中的“When an animal was killed, they made use of its skins to cover their bodies. The skins kept them warm.”当动物被杀死时，他们用它的皮来覆盖他们的身体。这些皮使他们保暖。可知，那时候人们用兽皮取暖。故选D。
14．考查细节理解。根据第一段中的“ Soon people found the food cooked tasted much better, so they began to use the fire to cook food. ”很快，人们发现煮熟的食物味道更好，所以他们开始用火做饭。可知，后来人们学会了如何用火做饭。故选A。
15．考查细节理解。根据第一段中的“ For example, they made fire by burning wood or knocking two pieces of stones.”例如，他们通过燃烧木头或敲打两块石头来生火。可知，人们通过燃烧木头或敲打两块石头来生火。故选B。
二、任务型阅读（共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分）
（2023高二下·泸县开学考）根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
How strong are you
That is a difficult question to answer, whether you are a man or a woman. But, really, I want to ask ... how do you define (定义) your strength How do you know your limits When pushed, we often discover that we are much stronger than we think.
16．
Strength is not always just about physical strength. Rather, it's about willpower, discipline and drive. 17． I know some people who are intelligent, but they get very little done in their jobs. And I know others who find work very difficult, but are able to move mountains by their hard work. They have inner strength.
Limiting yourself
What I have observed is that most people limit themselves. They limit their output according to how limited they imagine their abilities and strengths to be. Sometimes these limits are based on past experiences. Sometimes they are based on what they think their abilities are. 18．
Pushing it ...
Many people are working out, but nowhere near as much as they could.
19． Pushing yourself is what it takes to increase your limits. In the gym, bodybuilders discovered this long ago.
But, this is also true when it comes to inner strength.
Want to test your limits Push yourself. Test your limits to see if they are simply what you imagine them to be. Make sure your goals are slightly beyond what you think can be achieved.
You are stronger than you think
Most people underestimate (低估) their strength. As you go through your day, test your limits. Push yourself to find your true limits and define your strength. 20．
A. Physical ability
B. What is strength
C. The same applies to daily life.
D. It's about the ability to get things done.
E. Sometimes these limits are based on nothing.
F. If you want to be stronger, you have to push yourself.
G. When discovering how much you've really got, you may surprise even yourself.
【答案】16．B；17．D；18．E；19．F；20．G
【知识点】七选五
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文，给出了“力量”的定义，同时给出了关于“如何变得强大”的建议和方法。
【点评】考查七选五，本文是一篇教育类阅读，要求在理解细节信息的基础上，着重考查对上下文的理解和推理判断能力。
16．根据空后“Strength is not always just about physical strength. Rather, it's about willpower, discipline and drive.”力量并不总是指身体的力量。相反，它关乎意志力、纪律和动力。可知，该段内容对于“力量是什么”做了解释，所以该段的小标题应提出“力量是什么”这个问题来作为全段的中心句。 B. What is strength “力量是什么？”符合语境，故选B。
17．根据空后“I know some people who are intelligent, but they get very little done in their jobs. And I know others who find work very difficult, but are able to move mountains by their hard work.”我认识一些很聪明的人，但他们在工作中少有成就。我也知道有些人工作很辛苦，但却能靠自己的努力移山。可知，作者用两种人做例子来说明判断一个人是否有力量的标准是：是否能有所成就。 D. It's about the ability to get things done. “它是关于完成事情的能力。”可以概括后文的内容，且该项中的主语it指代前文提到的strength，进一步对小标题提出的“力量是什么”的问题进行了解答。起到了承上启下的过渡作用。故选D。
18．根据空前“Sometimes these limits are based on…. Sometimes they are based on…”可知，选项E在句式结构和内容方面都上与前文一致， E. Sometimes these limits are based on nothing. “有时这些限制是毫无根据的。”符合语境。故选E。
19．根据第二个小标题“Pushing it ...”推动它...，可知，该段内容是关于“推动”的；以及空后的“Pushing yourself is what it takes to increase your limits.”逼迫自己是增加你的极限所需要的。可知，设空处应填入关于“自我推动”内容的句子，F. If you want to be stronger, you have to push yourself.“如果你想变得更强，你就得鞭策自己。”符合语境，且该项中的push yourself与前后内容相呼应，故选F。
20．根据空前“Push yourself to find your true limits and define your strength.”逼自己找到自己真正的极限，并定义自己的力量。可知，作者建议读者怎样找到自己的真正极限，G. When discovering how much you've really got, you may surprise even yourself.“当你发现你真正拥有了多少时，你可能会让自己都感到惊讶。”写出了在作者的建议下自我推动之后的结果，同时也向读者说明了“自我推动”的好处，符合行文逻辑。故选G。
三、完形填空（共20小题，每小题1.5分，满分30分）
（2023高二下·泸县开学考）
阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
I used to be a very
self-centered person, but in the past two years I have really changed. I have
started to think about other people 21． I think about myself. I am happy that I am
becoming a 22． person:
I think my 23． started
when I was at Palomar College. At first, I just wanted to get my 24． ,
and be left alone. I thought I was smarter than everyone else, so I hardly ever
25． to anyone in my classes. By the end of my first semester, I was
really 26． . It seemed as if everyone but me had
made friends and was having fun. So I tried a(n) 27． .
I started asking people around me how they were doing, and if they were having
trouble I 28． to help. That was really a big 29． for
me. By the end of the year, I had several new friends, and two of 30． are still my best friends today.
A bigger cause of my new
31． , however, came when I took a part-time
job at a Vista Nursing Home. One old lady there who had Alzheimer s disease
became my 32． . Every time I came into her room, she
was so 33． because she thought I was her daughter.
Her real daughter never 34． her, so I took her place. She let me 35． . That making others feel good make me feel good, too. When she
died, I was 36． , but I was very grateful to her.
I think I am a much 37． , person today than I used to be, and I hope I will not 38． these experiences. They have 39． e to care about other people more than about myself. 40． who I am today, and I could not say that a few years ago.
21．A．since B．before C．or D．unless
22．A．famous B．simple C．different D．skilled
23．A．education B．career C．tour D．change
24．A．balance B．homework C．degree D．interest
25．A．talked B．wrote C．lied D．reported
26．A．careful B．lonely C．curious D．guilty
27．A．argument B．game C．experiment D．defence
28．A．dared B．offered C．hesitated D．happened
29．A．dream B．problem C．duty D．step
30．A．us B．which C．them D．whom
31．A．attitude B．hobby C．hope D．luck
32．A．friend B．partner C．guide D．guest
33．A．polite B．happy C．strange D．confident
34．A．bothered B．answered C．visited D．trusted
35．A．explain B．guess C．declare D．see
36．A．homeless B．heart broken C．bad-tempered D．hopeless
37．A．quieter B．busier C．better D．richer
38．A．forget B．face C．improve D．analyze
39．A．forced B．preferred C．ordered D．taught
40．A．miss B．like C．wonder D．expect
【答案】21．B；22．C；23．D；24．C；25．A；26．B；27．C；28．B；29．D；30．C；31．A；32．A；33．B；34．C；35．D；36．B；37．C；38．A；39．D；40．B
【知识点】记叙文；人物故事类
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇记叙文，讲述了作者自己从一个自私的人变成现在能为他人着想的人的感受和过程。上大学时一心只想着拿学位而拼搏，结果一个朋友都没有感到很孤单。后来作者在Vista 护理之家，结识了一位改变了她、把她当作女儿的重病缠身的老妇人。这件事让作者明白：只有别人感到高兴自己才快乐。
【点评】考查完形填空，本题考点涉及状语从句，动词，名词，形容词，代词，固定短语等多个知识点的考查，是一篇故事类阅读，要求考生在理解细节信息的基础上，进一步根据上下文的逻辑关系，进行分析推理，从而选出正确答案。
21．句意：我开始在考虑自己之前先考虑别人。A：since“自从”；B：before“在......之前”；C：or“或者”；D：unless “除非”。根据上文“I used to be a very self-centered person, but in the past two years I have really changed.“作者说自己是一个以自我为中心的人但这两年真的改变了可知作者现在会先考虑别人而不是自己，故选B。
22．句意：我很开心我变成了一个不同的人。A：famous“著名的”；B：simple“ 简单的”；C：different“不同的”；D：skilled “熟练的”。根据上文”I used to be a very self-centered person, but in the past two years I have really changed.”作者说自己是一个以自我为中心的人但这两年真的改变了可知，作者此时不同了，故选C。
23．句意：我认为我的改变始于我在Palomar College时期。A：education“教育”；B：career“事业”；C：tour“旅行”；D：change “改变”。根据上文“but in the past two years I have really changed.”但过去两年来我真的改变了，可知此处作者想讲述改变，故选D。
24．句意：一开始，我只想获得学历和独处。A：balance“平衡”；B：homework“作业”；C：degree“学历”；D：interest '兴趣"。作者讲述的这件事发生在大学，根据空后“be left”被留下/独处，可知作者只想学习获得学历，故选C。
25．句意：我觉得我比班上的任何人都要聪明，所以我几乎不和班里的任何人说话。A：talked"谈论"；B：wrote“写”；C：lied“说谎”；D：reported “报道”。根据下文“It seemed as if everyone but me had made friends and was having fun.”似乎每个人都有朋友，玩得开心 ，除了我。可知作者不与别人说话交流，故选A。
26．句意：到学期末的时候，我真的很孤独。A：careful“细心的”；B：lonely“孤独的”；C：curious“ 好奇的”；D：guilty “自责的”。根据下文“It seemed as if everyone but me had made friends and was having fun.”似乎每个人都有朋友，玩得开心 ，除了我。可知作者是孤独的，故选B。
27．句意：所以我开始尝试。A：argument“争辩”；B：game“游戏、比赛”；C：experiment“实验、尝试”；D：defence “防卫”。根据上文，作者不与人交流，没有朋友感到很孤独；以及下文“I started asking people around me how they were doing, and if they were having trouble I offered to help.”我开始询问身边的人是否需要帮助，如果他们有麻烦我愿意提供帮助，可知他开始尝试去与别人交流。故选C。
28．句意：我开始询问身边的人是否需要帮助，如果他们有麻烦我愿意提供帮助。A：dared“敢”；B：offered“提供”：C：hesitated“犹豫”；D：happened“发生、碰巧”。offer to help固定短语，“提供帮助”，故选B。
29．句意：我开始去关心别人，这对我来说是前进的一大步。A：dream“梦想”；B：problem“问题”；C：duty“责任”；D：step “步伐”。根据上文“I started asking people around me how they were doing, and if they were having trouble I 8 to help.”，我开始与人交流，给别人提供帮助可知对于以自我为中心，没有朋友感到孤独的我来说是很大的进步，故选D。
30．句意：到年末，我交到几个好朋友，他们至今还是我的好朋友。A：us“我们”；B：which“哪个，哪些”；C：them“他们”；D：whom“谁”。此处指代 several new friends ，作介词of的宾语，英语人称单词them， 故选C。
31．句意：然而，我的新态度更大的一个成因来自于我在Vista Nursing Home做兼职的期间。A：attitude“态度”；B：hobby“业余爱好”；C：hope“希望”；D：luck “运气”。作者在第二段讲述了大学期间对待他人态度的转变即由以自我为中心转变为先为他人考虑的态度，所以此时讲的是态度转变的另一成因，故选A。
32．句意：那里的一位老年痴呆症患者成了我的朋友。A：friend"朋友"；B：partner“伙伴”；C：guide“导师”；D：guest“客人”。根据下文作者与老人的相处可知作者把老人当成朋友，故选A。
33．句意：每次我进到她的房间她都非常开心，因为她以为我是她的女儿。A：polite“有礼貌的”；B：happy“开心的”；C：strange“奇怪的，陌生的”；D：confident “自信的”。这位老人误把作者当成女儿，所以心情应当是开心的，故选A。
34．句意：她真正的女儿却从来不来看望她，所以我取代了她的位置。A：bothered“打扰”；B：answered“回答”；C：visited“看望”；D：trusted “信任”。根据空后“I took her place.”我取代了她的位置。可知女儿从不来看望她，故选C。
35．句意：她让我明白：让别人感觉良好也会让我感觉良好。她去世的时候，我很伤心，但我很感激她。A：explain“解释”；B：guess“猜测”；C：declare“宣告、声明”；D：see “明白，看到”。宾语从句内容是我与她相熟之后的感悟，所以是明白了，故选D。
36．句意：她让我明白：让别人感觉良好也会让我感觉良好。她去世的时候，我很伤心，但我很感激她。A：homeless“无家可归的”；B：heart broken“心碎的，难过的”；C：bad-tempered“坏脾气的”；D：hopeless “无望的”。老人去世了，作者的心情应该是难过，故选B。
37．句意：我认为我现在是一个比以前更好的人了。A：quieter"更安静的”；B：busier“更忙的”；C：better“更好的”；D：richer “更富有的”。此时作者已经从以自我为中心转变为为他人着想，所以是更好的人，故选C。
38．句意：我希望我不会忘记这些经历。A：forget“忘记”；B：face“面对”；C：improve“提升”；D：analyze “分析”。这些经历让作者变成一个更好的人，所以作者希望不会忘记这些经历，故选A。
39．句意：他们教会了我去关心别人而不是自己。A：forced“逼迫”；B：preferred“更喜欢”；C：ordered“下单、命令”；D：taught “教”。由作者的态度转变可知是这些经历教会了她去关心别人，故选D。
40．句意：我喜欢现在的自己，但几年前还不能这么说。A：miss“思念，错过”；B：like“喜欢”；C：wonder“想”；D：expect “期望”。作者对自己的改变感到很满意，所以是喜欢现在的自己，故选B。
四、语法填空(共10小题：每小題1.5分，满分15分)
41．（2019高二上·遵义期末）阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
There are many festivals in Guizhou Province. One of them is
Dong New year, falls in the eleventh lunar month
after the harvest. In some villages, the festival (take) place in the tenth month. Dong
New Year is as (importance) as the Spring Festival. In
the days (lead) up to the new year, the Dong
people make new clothes, clean their houses, and make rice cakes. the eve of the New Year, the prepare
“cold dish” with bean curd and homemade vinegar. It (give) as an offering to one's
ancestors. Dong New Year is (usual) celebrated in many Dong
villages in the area of Rongjiang in Guizhou Province. The exact date varies
but falls during the period late October to early November. Public (celebration) include the Lusheng
Festival and water buffalo fighting.
Another one, Miao Sisters Festival, is celebrated from the
15th to the 17th day of the third lunar month calendar,
when (marry) women make a return to the
homes of their mothers. At home, they prepare and eat special kind of food, black rice cake.
When they return to their own homes, they bring with them some of it and give
it to their husbands as gifts.
【答案】which；takes；important；leading；On；is given；usually；celebrations；married；a
【知识点】语法填空
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文，贵州省有许多节日。其中一个是侗族新年，在农历的第11个月收获后的第一个月。作者对此进行了介绍。
（1）考查定语从句。此处为非限定性定语从句，先行词是Dong New year，关联词在从句中做主语，应使用关系代词which引导。故填which。
（2）考查时态。此处描述的客观事实，应使用一般现在时。故填takes。
（3）考查形容词。此处做表语，意为“像春节一样重要”，as…as结构中，使用形容词原级。故填important。
（4）考查非谓语动词。lead up to固定短语，“为……做准备”，此处与主语the Dong people 构成逻辑主谓关系，应使用现在分词。故填leading。
（5）考查介词。on the eve of固定短语，“在……的前夕”。故填On。
（6）考查时态语态。句意：它是作为祭品送给祖先的。根据句意及句子结构可知，此处应使用一般现在时的被动语态。故填is given。
（7）考查副词。此处修饰动词celebrated，应使用副词形式。故填usually。
（8）考查名词。celebration是可数名词，其前没有冠词，且谓语动词是原形可知，此处应使用名词复数。故填celebrations。
（9）考查形容词。根据下文“make a return to the homes of their mothers ”可知，此处指“已婚的女人”。married“已婚的”。故填married。
（10）考查冠词。根据下文kind of可知，此处指“一种特殊的食品”，应使用不定冠词。故填a。
【点评】本题考点涉及定语从句，时态，形容词，非谓语动词，介词，副词，名词，形容词以及冠词等多个知识点的考查，是一篇文化类阅读，要求考生在理解细节信息的基础上，进一步根据上下文的逻辑关系，并结合相关语法知识，进行分析推理，从而写出正确的单词形式。
五、短文改错（共10小题；每小题1分，满分10分）
42．（2023高二下·泸县开学考）
假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换作文，请你修改你同桌写的以下作文。文中共有10处语言错误，每句中最多有两处，每处错误仅涉及一个单词的增加，删除或修改。
增加：在缺词处加一个漏字符号（∧），并在其下面写出该加的词。
删除：把多余的词用斜线（\）划掉。
修改：在错的词下划一横线，并在该词下面写出修改后的词。
注意：1）每处错误及其修改均仅限一词；
2）只允许修改10处，多者（从第11处起）不计分。
This morning at about nine
o'clock, I was on my way the supermarket. Suddenly I see heavy smoke rising about
several hundreds meters away. "There must be a fire!" I thought. Getting
nearer, I saw a shop was on fire. There was many people standing by the roadside
watched. Six firefighters were struggling to put out the fire. I heard someone say
they had fought for about an hour and two firefighters had rushed into the shop
to rescue a woman. After a while, they rushed out support the woman. But one firefighter
got injured serious. All the people and I whom saw what happened were deeply moved
by their bravery. About twenty minutes late the fire was finally put out.
【答案】①way后加to ②suddenly I 后面的see →saw ③hundreds →hundred ④there was中的was →were ⑤watched →watching ⑥an hour and 后加that ⑦support →supporting ⑧serious →seriously ⑨whom →who/that ⑩late →later
【知识点】短文改错
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇记叙文，讲述了作者今天早上去超市时，看见一家商店着火，消防员奋勇救火的事情。
（1）句意：今天早上九点钟左右，我在去超市的路上。on one's way to固定短语，“在去……的路上”，故way后加to。
（2）句意：突然，我看到大约几百米外冒起浓烟。结合上文可知事情发生在过去，应用一般过去时。故 suddenly I 后面的see改为saw。
（3）句意：突然，我看到大约几百米外冒起浓烟。hundred表示“大概”（不确切）的数字时，才能用复数形式，后跟of，其前不能有具体的数字修饰；此处hundred前面有several修饰，hundred不能用复数形式。故hundreds改为hundred。
（4）句意：有很多人站在路边看着。此处主语为many people，时态为一般过去时，谓语应用复数形式。故there was中的was改为were。
（5）句意：有很多人站在路边看着。与逻辑主语people构成主动关系，应用现在分词作状语。故watched改为watching。
（6）句意：我听到有人说他们奋战了大约一个小时，两名消防员冲进商店去救一名妇女。此处动词say后跟宾语从句，且宾语从句中，当句中的动词后接多于两个由that引导的宾语从句时，第一个that可省，但后面的that不可省。故an hour and 后加that。
（7）句意：过了一会儿，他们搀扶着女人冲了出去。 they 与 support 在逻辑上是主谓关系，现在分词表主动，此处作伴随状语，故填 supporting 。
（8）句意：但一名消防员受了重伤。修饰动词短语got injured应用副词seriously，作状语，表示“严重受伤”。故serious改为seriously。
（9）句意：所有看到所发生的一切的人和我都被他们的勇敢深深感动了。此处为定语从句修饰先行词All the people and I，且先行词在从句中作主语，指人，应用关系代词who或that。故whom改为who/that。
（10）句意：大约二十分钟后，火终于被扑灭了。“一段时间+later”表示“多久以后……”，“一段时间+late”表示“迟到多久”，结合语境“大约二十分钟后”可知此处应用later。故late改为later。
【点评】考查短文改错，本题考点涉及介词，时态，数词，主谓一致，非谓语动词，宾语从句，副词，定语从句等多个知识点的考查，是一篇故事类阅读，覆盖面广，综合性强，难度较大，区分度高。
六、书面表达（满分25分）
43．（2023高二下·泸县开学考）
假设你是一名高中学生李华，你的英国朋友Tom今年将要到中国来上高中. 请你给他写一封邮件，就如何在中国过好高中生活从以下两个方面提出建议。
1）学习方面；
2）课余生活方面，
注意：1）词数100左右；
2）可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯；
3）信的开头为你拟好，不计入总词数。
Dear
Tom,
I'm glad to know that you
are going to be a senior high school student this September in China.
……
Yours
sincerely
Li
Hua
【答案】 Dear Tom, I'm glad to know that you are going to be a senior high school student this September in China. As a high school student, I have so much experience to share with you. In China, High School life is full of challenges. We have a lot of homework to do every day, so making good use of your time will be of great benefit to your studies. It is also helpful to preview your lessons before class and take notes in class. Besides, high school life can be very colorful as well. I suggest you take part in some meaningful activities after class, such as sports and voluntary work, to develop yourself properly and thoroughly. The coming three years in China will be the most beautiful time in your life. I believe that with your efforts, you'll make it colorful and wonderful. Yours sincerely
Li Hua
【知识点】提纲作文；文字式应用文；半开放性作文
【解析】【分析】本题是一篇英文信件，要求考生以高中学生李华的身份写一封邮件，就如何在中国过好高中生活从以下两个方面提出建议。写作背景：你的英国朋友Tom今年将要到中国来上高中 、写作要点已经给出，属于提纲类作文，内容包括：1）学习方面；2）课余生活方面。提示中的内容比较泛泛，需要适当补充。本题对于考生的综合能力要求较高，要求考生有很强的谋篇布局的能力和组织要点的能力。需要注意紧扣文章主题，给出的要点都需要包括。写作时注意准确运用时态，上下文意思连贯，符合逻辑关系。尽量使用自己熟悉的单词句式，同时也要注意使用高级词汇和高级句型使文章显得更有档次。
【点评】本篇作文要点齐全，结构完整，条理清晰，应用了较多的语法结构和词汇，熟练地使用了语句间的连接成分，使整个文章结构紧凑，很好地完成了写作任务。例如： We have a lot of homework to do every day, so making good use of your time will be of great benefit to your studies.运用了因果并列句； It is also helpful to preview your lessons before class and take notes in class. 运用了It作形式主语； I suggest you take part in some meaningful activities after class, such as sports and voluntary work, to develop yourself properly and thoroughly.运用了宾语从句，虚拟语气；I believe that with your efforts, you'll make it colorful and wonderful. 运用了宾语从句。
四川省泸州市泸县2022-2023学年高二下学期开学考试英语试题
一、阅读理解（共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分）
（2023高二下·泸县开学考）阅读理解
Britain seems to have great creativity — especially in the performing and visual arts.
Theatrical tradition
Theaters in Britain date back at least to the 16th century, and the most famous playwright is of course William Shakespeare. A company was founded in his name, with a stage at his birthplace, Stratford-upon-Avon. It has trained generations of actors. In the 20th century, classical and more modern plays were also performed at many regional theaters, where actors and writers gained experience.
Film stars
The world of film-making has involved British creative talent from the beginning. Charlie Chaplin, born in poverty in London's East End, began as a child entertainer in music halls. He then became a pioneer of silent movies in Hollywood and created many black-and-white classics during the First World War. British actors, who were often classically trained in theater, Laurence Olivier and Alec Guinness became house-hold names after the Second World War.
Supporting talent
Film-making creativity has been supported by two major studios. Productions at Shepperton have included Richard Attenborough's Gandhi and Ridley Scott's Alien. Pinewood's most famous products must be the James Bond films. Both theater and film have their own annual festivals, including one of the biggest festivals in Scotland's capital, Edinburgh.
Visual expression
The visual arts also show Britain's creative spirit, from Romantic Age painters like Turner and Constable to groups such as the Pre-Raphaelites and the modernist sculpture of Henry Moore and Barbara Hepworth. Today's famous artists — Damien Hirst or Tracey Emin — regularly show in the newspapers, and their works are sold at high prices.
1．Which of the following helps actors and writers a lot
A．Musical theaters. B．Stratford-upon-Avon.
C．London's West End. D．Regional theaters.
2．What can we learn from the passage about Charlie Chaplin
A．He came from a rich family.
B．He went to theater school as a child.
C．He began as a child entertainer in Hollywood.
D．He contributed to the early film industry in Hollywood.
3．What do we know about Damien Hirst and Tracey Emin
A．You have to pay a lot to buy their works.
B．They have both invented new art forms.
C．They mainly learnt from Romantic Age painters.
D．You can buy their works from many major galleries.
（2023高二下·泸县开学考）
阅读理解
Cassius Marcellus Clay
was born on January 17th, 1942 in Louisville, Kentucky. In his younger years he
had no interest in sports until an accident happened.
When Cassius was 12, his
new bike was missing. Reporting the theft to Policeman Joe Martin, he said that
he was going to beat whoever had taken his bike. Martin, who had been coaching youth
boxing for decades, asked the boy, "Do you know how to fight " When Cassius
admitted that he didn't, the officer suggested, "You'd better learn!
It was the beginning of
his boxing career. Cassius devoted himself to boxing training. Although he wasn't
very talented in boxing, he worked harder than anyone else in the gym. He'd rush
to the gym every day as soon as school was over and would even train on Saturdays.
Outside of the gym, Cassius stayed away from anything that would influence his training.
He was showing the kind of determination and discipline that other boxers didn't
have.
Under the guidance of Martin
and his friend, young Clay began winning games one after another. By the age of
18 he had won 108 games, 6 Kentucky Golden Gloves championships and 2 national AAU
titles.
Today he is recognized
as the greatest athlete of modem times. He always carried a self confidence and
believed in his ability that he can put his competitors off guard before the first
round bell had even sounded.
4．How did Cassius feel when he told the policeman his bike was stolen
A．Disappointed. B．Confused. C．Amazed. D．Angry.
5．What did Martin do with young Cassius
A．He asked Cassius to train hard.
B．He helped Cassius to find his bike.
C．He advised Cassius to learn boxing.
D．He introduced Cassius to an boxing coach.
6．Which can be used to describe Cassius
A．Bad-tempered. B．Easy-going. C．Cold-hearted. D．Hard-working.
7．Why did the author mention some figures in Paragraph 4
A．To show Cassius' achievements.
B．To express Cassius' determination.
C．To express his admiration to Cassius.
D．To show the importance of hard work.
（2023高二下·泸县开学考）阅读理解
Got vegan milk The amount of faux (人造的) dairy products is growing and the choices seem endless. You can buy products made of soy, almond, rice, oats, and coconut, in regular or flavored varieties.
A report shows that sales of plant-based dairy alternatives grew twice as fast in 2020 as real milk. But some people won't make the switch because the alternatives don't taste the same as milk. Now, a milk alternative is being launched that actually tastes like it came from a cow. Danone, which is known for its yogurt, will be launching two new milk alternatives in North America that the company expects to fill this place.
Silk's Next Milk and So Delicious' Wondermilk will both be made of oat milk, coconut milk, coconut oil, and soy. Danone is counting on the new products to reach people who want to switch from dairy for health or ethical reasons but enjoy the taste of milk in their coffee and breakfast cereal.
"There's been a group of consumers who remain skeptical about plant-based offerings, largely because of their taste and texture, "John Starkey said. "From our research, we saw that there were about 53 per cent of people who say that they wouldn't purchase plant-based beverages because of their taste."
While the company has been in the faux dairy business since 2016, the products did not have the real dairy taste. The company used its experience with both real dairy and faux dairy products to refine the new offerings.
There are other milk alternatives available that also aim to be more milk like. Notco, a company, located in Chile, produces a milk alternative called Not Milk that is made of sunflower oil, pea protein, water, and pineapple juice. Another pea-based product called Wunda was launched by Nestle in Europe in 2021. The food giant Impossible Foods is also working on their own version of milk called Impossible Milk. The company is looking to corner the faux dairy market the same way its Impossible Burger did when it was released in 2016.
8．What is special about Danone's new milks
A．The taste is equal to that of a cow.
B．They have won the favor of consumers.
C．They have high nutritional value.
D．Their prices prove a lot lower.
9．What can we infer from what John Starkey said
A．He was optimistic. B．He was a bit concerned.
C．He was in charge of the study. D．He'll improve taste constantly.
10．What does Impossible Milk belong to
A．Danone. B．Notco.
C．Wunda. D．Impossible Foods.
11．Where is the text most taken from
A．A notice board. B．A news report.
C．A health magazine. D．A research paper.
（2023高二下·泸县开学考）阅读理解
Thousands of years ago,
people didn't live in cold places because they didn't know how to keep themselves
warm. Later they learned to make clothes. When an animal was killed, they made use
of its skins to cover their bodies. The skins kept them warm. Nature is people's
good friend. It once helped people find fire, when lightning hit a forest and started
a fire. People took some of this fire to their homes. The fire kept them warm, and
also frightened wild animals. Soon people found the food cooked tasted much better,
so they began to use the fire to cook food. But people still didn't know how to
make a fire. When they got a fire from the forest they tried to keep it burning.
If it went out, they had to wait for years. But later they found different ways
to make fire. For example, they made fire by burning wood or knocking two pieces
of stones.
Today it's easy for people
to make fire because they have matches, lighters and different kinds of heaters.
They can make fire at any time they need.
12．Why did people live only in hot places once
A．Because they didn't know how to kill animals.
B．Because they didn't know how to take fire from forest.
C．Because they didn't know how to keep themselves warm.
D．Because they didn't know how to make matches.
13．What did people use animal skins to do in those days
A．For food. B．To make fire.
C．For burning. D．To warm themselves.
14．People later learned how to use fire to ________.
A．cook food B．kill animals
C．cut off an animal's skin D．burn wood
15．How did people learn to make fire later
A．By burning stones. B．By burning wood.
C．By burning dry leaves. D．By burning animal skins.
二、任务型阅读（共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分）
（2023高二下·泸县开学考）根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
How strong are you
That is a difficult question to answer, whether you are a man or a woman. But, really, I want to ask ... how do you define (定义) your strength How do you know your limits When pushed, we often discover that we are much stronger than we think.
16．
Strength is not always just about physical strength. Rather, it's about willpower, discipline and drive. 17． I know some people who are intelligent, but they get very little done in their jobs. And I know others who find work very difficult, but are able to move mountains by their hard work. They have inner strength.
Limiting yourself
What I have observed is that most people limit themselves. They limit their output according to how limited they imagine their abilities and strengths to be. Sometimes these limits are based on past experiences. Sometimes they are based on what they think their abilities are. 18．
Pushing it ...
Many people are working out, but nowhere near as much as they could.
19． Pushing yourself is what it takes to increase your limits. In the gym, bodybuilders discovered this long ago.
But, this is also true when it comes to inner strength.
Want to test your limits Push yourself. Test your limits to see if they are simply what you imagine them to be. Make sure your goals are slightly beyond what you think can be achieved.
You are stronger than you think
Most people underestimate (低估) their strength. As you go through your day, test your limits. Push yourself to find your true limits and define your strength. 20．
A. Physical ability
B. What is strength
C. The same applies to daily life.
D. It's about the ability to get things done.
E. Sometimes these limits are based on nothing.
F. If you want to be stronger, you have to push yourself.
G. When discovering how much you've really got, you may surprise even yourself.
三、完形填空（共20小题，每小题1.5分，满分30分）
（2023高二下·泸县开学考）
阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
I used to be a very
self-centered person, but in the past two years I have really changed. I have
started to think about other people 21． I think about myself. I am happy that I am
becoming a 22． person:
I think my 23． started
when I was at Palomar College. At first, I just wanted to get my 24． ,
and be left alone. I thought I was smarter than everyone else, so I hardly ever
25． to anyone in my classes. By the end of my first semester, I was
really 26． . It seemed as if everyone but me had
made friends and was having fun. So I tried a(n) 27． .
I started asking people around me how they were doing, and if they were having
trouble I 28． to help. That was really a big 29． for
me. By the end of the year, I had several new friends, and two of 30． are still my best friends today.
A bigger cause of my new
31． , however, came when I took a part-time
job at a Vista Nursing Home. One old lady there who had Alzheimer s disease
became my 32． . Every time I came into her room, she
was so 33． because she thought I was her daughter.
Her real daughter never 34． her, so I took her place. She let me 35． . That making others feel good make me feel good, too. When she
died, I was 36． , but I was very grateful to her.
I think I am a much 37． , person today than I used to be, and I hope I will not 38． these experiences. They have 39． e to care about other people more than about myself. 40． who I am today, and I could not say that a few years ago.
21．A．since B．before C．or D．unless
22．A．famous B．simple C．different D．skilled
23．A．education B．career C．tour D．change
24．A．balance B．homework C．degree D．interest
25．A．talked B．wrote C．lied D．reported
26．A．careful B．lonely C．curious D．guilty
27．A．argument B．game C．experiment D．defence
28．A．dared B．offered C．hesitated D．happened
29．A．dream B．problem C．duty D．step
30．A．us B．which C．them D．whom
31．A．attitude B．hobby C．hope D．luck
32．A．friend B．partner C．guide D．guest
33．A．polite B．happy C．strange D．confident
34．A．bothered B．answered C．visited D．trusted
35．A．explain B．guess C．declare D．see
36．A．homeless B．heart broken C．bad-tempered D．hopeless
37．A．quieter B．busier C．better D．richer
38．A．forget B．face C．improve D．analyze
39．A．forced B．preferred C．ordered D．taught
40．A．miss B．like C．wonder D．expect
四、语法填空(共10小题：每小題1.5分，满分15分)
41．（2019高二上·遵义期末）阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
There are many festivals in Guizhou Province. One of them is
Dong New year, falls in the eleventh lunar month
after the harvest. In some villages, the festival (take) place in the tenth month. Dong
New Year is as (importance) as the Spring Festival. In
the days (lead) up to the new year, the Dong
people make new clothes, clean their houses, and make rice cakes. the eve of the New Year, the prepare
“cold dish” with bean curd and homemade vinegar. It (give) as an offering to one's
ancestors. Dong New Year is (usual) celebrated in many Dong
villages in the area of Rongjiang in Guizhou Province. The exact date varies
but falls during the period late October to early November. Public (celebration) include the Lusheng
Festival and water buffalo fighting.
Another one, Miao Sisters Festival, is celebrated from the
15th to the 17th day of the third lunar month calendar,
when (marry) women make a return to the
homes of their mothers. At home, they prepare and eat special kind of food, black rice cake.
When they return to their own homes, they bring with them some of it and give
it to their husbands as gifts.
五、短文改错（共10小题；每小题1分，满分10分）
42．（2023高二下·泸县开学考）
假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换作文，请你修改你同桌写的以下作文。文中共有10处语言错误，每句中最多有两处，每处错误仅涉及一个单词的增加，删除或修改。
增加：在缺词处加一个漏字符号（∧），并在其下面写出该加的词。
删除：把多余的词用斜线（\）划掉。
修改：在错的词下划一横线，并在该词下面写出修改后的词。
注意：1）每处错误及其修改均仅限一词；
2）只允许修改10处，多者（从第11处起）不计分。
This morning at about nine
o'clock, I was on my way the supermarket. Suddenly I see heavy smoke rising about
several hundreds meters away. "There must be a fire!" I thought. Getting
nearer, I saw a shop was on fire. There was many people standing by the roadside
watched. Six firefighters were struggling to put out the fire. I heard someone say
they had fought for about an hour and two firefighters had rushed into the shop
to rescue a woman. After a while, they rushed out support the woman. But one firefighter
got injured serious. All the people and I whom saw what happened were deeply moved
by their bravery. About twenty minutes late the fire was finally put out.
六、书面表达（满分25分）
43．（2023高二下·泸县开学考）
假设你是一名高中学生李华，你的英国朋友Tom今年将要到中国来上高中. 请你给他写一封邮件，就如何在中国过好高中生活从以下两个方面提出建议。
1）学习方面；
2）课余生活方面，
注意：1）词数100左右；
2）可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯；
3）信的开头为你拟好，不计入总词数。
Dear
Tom,
I'm glad to know that you
are going to be a senior high school student this September in China.
……
Yours
sincerely
Li
Hua
答案解析部分
【答案】1．D
2．D
3．A
【知识点】细节理解题；社会文化类；说明文
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文，介绍了英国似乎有很大的创造力，尤其是在表演和视觉艺术方面，并具体介绍了英国在戏剧的传统、电影明星、辅助人才以及视觉表达四个方面的创造力。
【点评】考查阅读理解，包含细节理解题，是一篇文化类阅读，注意先略读文章，掌握文章大意，再分析题干及选项，到文中找到相关内容并进行理解。
1．考查细节理解。根据Theatrical tradition部分中的“In the 20th century, classical and more modern plays were also performed at many regional theaters, where actors and writers gained experience.”在20世纪，许多地方剧院也上演古典和更现代的戏剧，演员和作家在那里获得了经验。可知，Regional theaters对演员和作家有很大帮助。故选D。
2．考查细节理解。根据Film stars部分中的“He then became a pioneer of silent movies in Hollywood and created many black-and-white classics during the First World War.”他后来成为好莱坞无声电影的先驱，并在第一次世界大战期间创作了许多黑白经典电影。可知，查理·卓别林为好莱坞的早期电影产业做出了贡献。故选D。
3．考查细节理解。根据Visual expression部分中的“…their works are sold at high prices.”他们的作品以高价出售，可知，你得花很多钱才能买到Damien Hirst和Tracey Emin的作品。故选A。
【答案】4．D
5．C
6．D
7．A
【知识点】推理判断题；细节理解题；人物故事类；记叙文
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇记叙文，讲述了卡修斯·马塞勒斯·克莱成为伟大的拳击远动员的故事。
【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解和推理判断两个题型的考查，是一篇故事类阅读，考生需要准确捕捉细节信息，并根据上下文进行逻辑推理，从而选出正确答案。
4．考查推理判断。根据第二段中的“Reporting the theft to Policeman Joe Martin, he said that he was going to beat whoever had taken his bike.”他把失窃的事报告给警察乔·马丁，说他要揍那个偷他自行车的人。可知，Cassius告诉警察时想要打偷自行车的人，说明他很生气。故选D。
5．考查细节理解。根据第二段中的“Martin, who had been coaching youth boxing for decades, asked the boy, ‘Do you know how to fight ’ When Cassius admitted that he didn't, the officer suggested, "You'd better learn!”马丁做了几十年的青年拳击教练，他问这个男孩：“你知道怎么打吗 ”当卡修斯承认他不知道时，警官建议说:“你最好学学!”可知，Martin建议Cassius去学习拳击。故选C。
6．考查推理判断。根据第三中的“Although he wasn't very talented in boxing, he worked harder than anyone else in the gym.”虽然他在拳击方面不是很有天赋，但他在体育馆里比任何人都努力。可知，Cassius是努力的，勤勉的。故选D。
7．考查推理判断。根据第四段中的“By the age of 18 he had won 108 games, 6 Kentucky Golden Gloves championships and 2 national AAU titles.”18岁时，他赢得了108场比赛，6次肯塔基金手套冠军和2次全国AAU冠军。可知，第四段的这些数字都在展示Cassius的成就。故选A。
【答案】8．A
9．B
10．D
11．C
【知识点】推理判断题；细节理解题；说明文；医疗保健
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文，介绍了几大公司正在研发口味更接近牛奶的植物性乳制品，以满足素食人群对食品种类和口味的需求。
【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解和推理判断两个题型的考查，是一篇健康类阅读，通读全文，理解文章大意，阅读题目后返回原文阅读并找出与题目相对应的内容，仔细核对，选择符合原文原意的答案，完成后再次阅读并检查。
8．考查细节理解。根据第三段中的“Danone is counting on the new products to reach people who want to switch from dairy for health or ethical reasons but enjoy the taste of milk in their coffee and breakfast cereal.”Danone指望这些新产品能够吸引那些出于健康或道德原因想要放弃乳制品、但又喜欢咖啡和早餐麦片中牛奶味道的人。可知，Danone的新乳制品的口味和牛奶一样。故选A。
9．考查推理判断。根据第四段中的“From our research, we saw that there were about 53 per cent of people who say that they wouldn’t purchase plant-based beverages because of their taste.”从我们的研究中，我们发现大约有53%的人说他们因口味问题，不会选择购买植物性饮料。可推知，John Starkey对植物性乳制品的前景有点担忧，因为研究发现大约一半的人不会购买植物性饮料。故选B。
10．考查细节理解。根据最后一段中的“The food giant Impossible Foods is also working on their own version of milk called Impossible Milk.”食品巨头Impossible Foods也在研发他们自己的牛奶，名为Impossible milk。可知，Impossible milk是属于Impossible Foods的。故选D。
11．考查推理判断。通读全文可知，本文介绍了几大公司正在研发口味更接近牛奶的植物性乳制品，以满足素食人群对食品种类和口味的需求。可推知，文章最有可能出自一份健康杂志。故选C。
【答案】12．C
13．D
14．A
15．B
【知识点】细节理解题；社会历史类；说明文
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文，介绍人类从认识火到用火以及会取火的过程。
【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解题型的考查，是一篇历史类阅读，首先要仔细阅读短文，掌握大意，然后结合具体的题目，再读短文，从中找出相关信息，就可以确定正确答案。
12．考查细节理解。根据第一段中的“Thousands of years ago, people didn't live in cold places because they didn't know how to keep themselves warm.”几千年前，人们不生活在寒冷的地方，因为他们不知道如何保持温暖。可知，人们曾经只生活在炎热的地方，因为他们不知道如何保暖。故选C。
13．考查细节理解。根据第一段中的“When an animal was killed, they made use of its skins to cover their bodies. The skins kept them warm.”当动物被杀死时，他们用它的皮来覆盖他们的身体。这些皮使他们保暖。可知，那时候人们用兽皮取暖。故选D。
14．考查细节理解。根据第一段中的“ Soon people found the food cooked tasted much better, so they began to use the fire to cook food. ”很快，人们发现煮熟的食物味道更好，所以他们开始用火做饭。可知，后来人们学会了如何用火做饭。故选A。
15．考查细节理解。根据第一段中的“ For example, they made fire by burning wood or knocking two pieces of stones.”例如，他们通过燃烧木头或敲打两块石头来生火。可知，人们通过燃烧木头或敲打两块石头来生火。故选B。
【答案】16．B；17．D；18．E；19．F；20．G
【知识点】七选五
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文，给出了“力量”的定义，同时给出了关于“如何变得强大”的建议和方法。
【点评】考查七选五，本文是一篇教育类阅读，要求在理解细节信息的基础上，着重考查对上下文的理解和推理判断能力。
16．根据空后“Strength is not always just about physical strength. Rather, it's about willpower, discipline and drive.”力量并不总是指身体的力量。相反，它关乎意志力、纪律和动力。可知，该段内容对于“力量是什么”做了解释，所以该段的小标题应提出“力量是什么”这个问题来作为全段的中心句。 B. What is strength “力量是什么？”符合语境，故选B。
17．根据空后“I know some people who are intelligent, but they get very little done in their jobs. And I know others who find work very difficult, but are able to move mountains by their hard work.”我认识一些很聪明的人，但他们在工作中少有成就。我也知道有些人工作很辛苦，但却能靠自己的努力移山。可知，作者用两种人做例子来说明判断一个人是否有力量的标准是：是否能有所成就。 D. It's about the ability to get things done. “它是关于完成事情的能力。”可以概括后文的内容，且该项中的主语it指代前文提到的strength，进一步对小标题提出的“力量是什么”的问题进行了解答。起到了承上启下的过渡作用。故选D。
18．根据空前“Sometimes these limits are based on…. Sometimes they are based on…”可知，选项E在句式结构和内容方面都上与前文一致， E. Sometimes these limits are based on nothing. “有时这些限制是毫无根据的。”符合语境。故选E。
19．根据第二个小标题“Pushing it ...”推动它...，可知，该段内容是关于“推动”的；以及空后的“Pushing yourself is what it takes to increase your limits.”逼迫自己是增加你的极限所需要的。可知，设空处应填入关于“自我推动”内容的句子，F. If you want to be stronger, you have to push yourself.“如果你想变得更强，你就得鞭策自己。”符合语境，且该项中的push yourself与前后内容相呼应，故选F。
20．根据空前“Push yourself to find your true limits and define your strength.”逼自己找到自己真正的极限，并定义自己的力量。可知，作者建议读者怎样找到自己的真正极限，G. When discovering how much you've really got, you may surprise even yourself.“当你发现你真正拥有了多少时，你可能会让自己都感到惊讶。”写出了在作者的建议下自我推动之后的结果，同时也向读者说明了“自我推动”的好处，符合行文逻辑。故选G。
【答案】21．B；22．C；23．D；24．C；25．A；26．B；27．C；28．B；29．D；30．C；31．A；32．A；33．B；34．C；35．D；36．B；37．C；38．A；39．D；40．B
【知识点】记叙文；人物故事类
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇记叙文，讲述了作者自己从一个自私的人变成现在能为他人着想的人的感受和过程。上大学时一心只想着拿学位而拼搏，结果一个朋友都没有感到很孤单。后来作者在Vista 护理之家，结识了一位改变了她、把她当作女儿的重病缠身的老妇人。这件事让作者明白：只有别人感到高兴自己才快乐。
【点评】考查完形填空，本题考点涉及状语从句，动词，名词，形容词，代词，固定短语等多个知识点的考查，是一篇故事类阅读，要求考生在理解细节信息的基础上，进一步根据上下文的逻辑关系，进行分析推理，从而选出正确答案。
21．句意：我开始在考虑自己之前先考虑别人。A：since“自从”；B：before“在......之前”；C：or“或者”；D：unless “除非”。根据上文“I used to be a very self-centered person, but in the past two years I have really changed.“作者说自己是一个以自我为中心的人但这两年真的改变了可知作者现在会先考虑别人而不是自己，故选B。
22．句意：我很开心我变成了一个不同的人。A：famous“著名的”；B：simple“ 简单的”；C：different“不同的”；D：skilled “熟练的”。根据上文”I used to be a very self-centered person, but in the past two years I have really changed.”作者说自己是一个以自我为中心的人但这两年真的改变了可知，作者此时不同了，故选C。
23．句意：我认为我的改变始于我在Palomar College时期。A：education“教育”；B：career“事业”；C：tour“旅行”；D：change “改变”。根据上文“but in the past two years I have really changed.”但过去两年来我真的改变了，可知此处作者想讲述改变，故选D。
24．句意：一开始，我只想获得学历和独处。A：balance“平衡”；B：homework“作业”；C：degree“学历”；D：interest '兴趣"。作者讲述的这件事发生在大学，根据空后“be left”被留下/独处，可知作者只想学习获得学历，故选C。
25．句意：我觉得我比班上的任何人都要聪明，所以我几乎不和班里的任何人说话。A：talked"谈论"；B：wrote“写”；C：lied“说谎”；D：reported “报道”。根据下文“It seemed as if everyone but me had made friends and was having fun.”似乎每个人都有朋友，玩得开心 ，除了我。可知作者不与别人说话交流，故选A。
26．句意：到学期末的时候，我真的很孤独。A：careful“细心的”；B：lonely“孤独的”；C：curious“ 好奇的”；D：guilty “自责的”。根据下文“It seemed as if everyone but me had made friends and was having fun.”似乎每个人都有朋友，玩得开心 ，除了我。可知作者是孤独的，故选B。
27．句意：所以我开始尝试。A：argument“争辩”；B：game“游戏、比赛”；C：experiment“实验、尝试”；D：defence “防卫”。根据上文，作者不与人交流，没有朋友感到很孤独；以及下文“I started asking people around me how they were doing, and if they were having trouble I offered to help.”我开始询问身边的人是否需要帮助，如果他们有麻烦我愿意提供帮助，可知他开始尝试去与别人交流。故选C。
28．句意：我开始询问身边的人是否需要帮助，如果他们有麻烦我愿意提供帮助。A：dared“敢”；B：offered“提供”：C：hesitated“犹豫”；D：happened“发生、碰巧”。offer to help固定短语，“提供帮助”，故选B。
29．句意：我开始去关心别人，这对我来说是前进的一大步。A：dream“梦想”；B：problem“问题”；C：duty“责任”；D：step “步伐”。根据上文“I started asking people around me how they were doing, and if they were having trouble I 8 to help.”，我开始与人交流，给别人提供帮助可知对于以自我为中心，没有朋友感到孤独的我来说是很大的进步，故选D。
30．句意：到年末，我交到几个好朋友，他们至今还是我的好朋友。A：us“我们”；B：which“哪个，哪些”；C：them“他们”；D：whom“谁”。此处指代 several new friends ，作介词of的宾语，英语人称单词them， 故选C。
31．句意：然而，我的新态度更大的一个成因来自于我在Vista Nursing Home做兼职的期间。A：attitude“态度”；B：hobby“业余爱好”；C：hope“希望”；D：luck “运气”。作者在第二段讲述了大学期间对待他人态度的转变即由以自我为中心转变为先为他人考虑的态度，所以此时讲的是态度转变的另一成因，故选A。
32．句意：那里的一位老年痴呆症患者成了我的朋友。A：friend"朋友"；B：partner“伙伴”；C：guide“导师”；D：guest“客人”。根据下文作者与老人的相处可知作者把老人当成朋友，故选A。
33．句意：每次我进到她的房间她都非常开心，因为她以为我是她的女儿。A：polite“有礼貌的”；B：happy“开心的”；C：strange“奇怪的，陌生的”；D：confident “自信的”。这位老人误把作者当成女儿，所以心情应当是开心的，故选A。
34．句意：她真正的女儿却从来不来看望她，所以我取代了她的位置。A：bothered“打扰”；B：answered“回答”；C：visited“看望”；D：trusted “信任”。根据空后“I took her place.”我取代了她的位置。可知女儿从不来看望她，故选C。
35．句意：她让我明白：让别人感觉良好也会让我感觉良好。她去世的时候，我很伤心，但我很感激她。A：explain“解释”；B：guess“猜测”；C：declare“宣告、声明”；D：see “明白，看到”。宾语从句内容是我与她相熟之后的感悟，所以是明白了，故选D。
36．句意：她让我明白：让别人感觉良好也会让我感觉良好。她去世的时候，我很伤心，但我很感激她。A：homeless“无家可归的”；B：heart broken“心碎的，难过的”；C：bad-tempered“坏脾气的”；D：hopeless “无望的”。老人去世了，作者的心情应该是难过，故选B。
37．句意：我认为我现在是一个比以前更好的人了。A：quieter"更安静的”；B：busier“更忙的”；C：better“更好的”；D：richer “更富有的”。此时作者已经从以自我为中心转变为为他人着想，所以是更好的人，故选C。
38．句意：我希望我不会忘记这些经历。A：forget“忘记”；B：face“面对”；C：improve“提升”；D：analyze “分析”。这些经历让作者变成一个更好的人，所以作者希望不会忘记这些经历，故选A。
39．句意：他们教会了我去关心别人而不是自己。A：forced“逼迫”；B：preferred“更喜欢”；C：ordered“下单、命令”；D：taught “教”。由作者的态度转变可知是这些经历教会了她去关心别人，故选D。
40．句意：我喜欢现在的自己，但几年前还不能这么说。A：miss“思念，错过”；B：like“喜欢”；C：wonder“想”；D：expect “期望”。作者对自己的改变感到很满意，所以是喜欢现在的自己，故选B。
41．【答案】which；takes；important；leading；On；is given；usually；celebrations；married；a
【知识点】语法填空
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文，贵州省有许多节日。其中一个是侗族新年，在农历的第11个月收获后的第一个月。作者对此进行了介绍。
（1）考查定语从句。此处为非限定性定语从句，先行词是Dong New year，关联词在从句中做主语，应使用关系代词which引导。故填which。
（2）考查时态。此处描述的客观事实，应使用一般现在时。故填takes。
（3）考查形容词。此处做表语，意为“像春节一样重要”，as…as结构中，使用形容词原级。故填important。
（4）考查非谓语动词。lead up to固定短语，“为……做准备”，此处与主语the Dong people 构成逻辑主谓关系，应使用现在分词。故填leading。
（5）考查介词。on the eve of固定短语，“在……的前夕”。故填On。
（6）考查时态语态。句意：它是作为祭品送给祖先的。根据句意及句子结构可知，此处应使用一般现在时的被动语态。故填is given。
（7）考查副词。此处修饰动词celebrated，应使用副词形式。故填usually。
（8）考查名词。celebration是可数名词，其前没有冠词，且谓语动词是原形可知，此处应使用名词复数。故填celebrations。
（9）考查形容词。根据下文“make a return to the homes of their mothers ”可知，此处指“已婚的女人”。married“已婚的”。故填married。
（10）考查冠词。根据下文kind of可知，此处指“一种特殊的食品”，应使用不定冠词。故填a。
【点评】本题考点涉及定语从句，时态，形容词，非谓语动词，介词，副词，名词，形容词以及冠词等多个知识点的考查，是一篇文化类阅读，要求考生在理解细节信息的基础上，进一步根据上下文的逻辑关系，并结合相关语法知识，进行分析推理，从而写出正确的单词形式。
42．【答案】①way后加to ②suddenly I 后面的see →saw ③hundreds →hundred ④there was中的was →were ⑤watched →watching ⑥an hour and 后加that ⑦support →supporting ⑧serious →seriously ⑨whom →who/that ⑩late →later
【知识点】短文改错
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇记叙文，讲述了作者今天早上去超市时，看见一家商店着火，消防员奋勇救火的事情。
（1）句意：今天早上九点钟左右，我在去超市的路上。on one's way to固定短语，“在去……的路上”，故way后加to。
（2）句意：突然，我看到大约几百米外冒起浓烟。结合上文可知事情发生在过去，应用一般过去时。故 suddenly I 后面的see改为saw。
（3）句意：突然，我看到大约几百米外冒起浓烟。hundred表示“大概”（不确切）的数字时，才能用复数形式，后跟of，其前不能有具体的数字修饰；此处hundred前面有several修饰，hundred不能用复数形式。故hundreds改为hundred。
（4）句意：有很多人站在路边看着。此处主语为many people，时态为一般过去时，谓语应用复数形式。故there was中的was改为were。
（5）句意：有很多人站在路边看着。与逻辑主语people构成主动关系，应用现在分词作状语。故watched改为watching。
（6）句意：我听到有人说他们奋战了大约一个小时，两名消防员冲进商店去救一名妇女。此处动词say后跟宾语从句，且宾语从句中，当句中的动词后接多于两个由that引导的宾语从句时，第一个that可省，但后面的that不可省。故an hour and 后加that。
（7）句意：过了一会儿，他们搀扶着女人冲了出去。 they 与 support 在逻辑上是主谓关系，现在分词表主动，此处作伴随状语，故填 supporting 。
（8）句意：但一名消防员受了重伤。修饰动词短语got injured应用副词seriously，作状语，表示“严重受伤”。故serious改为seriously。
（9）句意：所有看到所发生的一切的人和我都被他们的勇敢深深感动了。此处为定语从句修饰先行词All the people and I，且先行词在从句中作主语，指人，应用关系代词who或that。故whom改为who/that。
（10）句意：大约二十分钟后，火终于被扑灭了。“一段时间+later”表示“多久以后……”，“一段时间+late”表示“迟到多久”，结合语境“大约二十分钟后”可知此处应用later。故late改为later。
【点评】考查短文改错，本题考点涉及介词，时态，数词，主谓一致，非谓语动词，宾语从句，副词，定语从句等多个知识点的考查，是一篇故事类阅读，覆盖面广，综合性强，难度较大，区分度高。
43．【答案】 Dear Tom, I'm glad to know that you are going to be a senior high school student this September in China. As a high school student, I have so much experience to share with you. In China, High School life is full of challenges. We have a lot of homework to do every day, so making good use of your time will be of great benefit to your studies. It is also helpful to preview your lessons before class and take notes in class. Besides, high school life can be very colorful as well. I suggest you take part in some meaningful activities after class, such as sports and voluntary work, to develop yourself properly and thoroughly. The coming three years in China will be the most beautiful time in your life. I believe that with your efforts, you'll make it colorful and wonderful. Yours sincerely
Li Hua
【知识点】提纲作文；文字式应用文；半开放性作文
【解析】【分析】本题是一篇英文信件，要求考生以高中学生李华的身份写一封邮件，就如何在中国过好高中生活从以下两个方面提出建议。写作背景：你的英国朋友Tom今年将要到中国来上高中 、写作要点已经给出，属于提纲类作文，内容包括：1）学习方面；2）课余生活方面。提示中的内容比较泛泛，需要适当补充。本题对于考生的综合能力要求较高，要求考生有很强的谋篇布局的能力和组织要点的能力。需要注意紧扣文章主题，给出的要点都需要包括。写作时注意准确运用时态，上下文意思连贯，符合逻辑关系。尽量使用自己熟悉的单词句式，同时也要注意使用高级词汇和高级句型使文章显得更有档次。
【点评】本篇作文要点齐全，结构完整，条理清晰，应用了较多的语法结构和词汇，熟练地使用了语句间的连接成分，使整个文章结构紧凑，很好地完成了写作任务。例如： We have a lot of homework to do every day, so making good use of your time will be of great benefit to your studies.运用了因果并列句； It is also helpful to preview your lessons before class and take notes in class. 运用了It作形式主语； I suggest you take part in some meaningful activities after class, such as sports and voluntary work, to develop yourself properly and thoroughly.运用了宾语从句，虚拟语气；I believe that with your efforts, you'll make it colorful and wonderful. 运用了宾语从句。
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