高中试卷答案网2022-2023学年高三第二次模拟考试英语
（考试时间：100分钟 试卷满分：100分）
注意事项：
1．本试卷分第Ⅰ卷（选择题）和第Ⅱ卷（非选择题）两部分。答卷前，考生务必将自己的姓名、准考证号填写在答题卡上。
2．回答第Ⅰ卷时，选出每小题答案后，用2B铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑。如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案标号。写在本试卷上无效。
3．回答第Ⅱ卷时，将答案写在答题卡上。写在本试卷上无效。
4．考试结束后，将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。
第一部分：知识运用（共两节，30分）
第一节 完型填空（共10小题：每小题1.5分，共15分）
阅读下面短文，掌握其大意，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题纸上将该选项涂黑。
Joel Boyers and his wife, Melody Among, were heading home from the Nashville airport after she just earned her helicopter’s (直升飞机) pilot license when he received a ____1____ from a stranger in Pennsylvania. The person told him that many people were trapped in ____2____, 60 miles from Nashville.
Boyers, 41, looked west toward Waverly and saw the storm clouds. “No one will fly…” But even ____3____ he finished the sentence, Boyers knew they would go back up. Soon, they were in the air, ____4____ for what they were about to experience in Waverly.
As Boyers flew the helicopter, Among searched for people stuck atop roofs, bridges, anywhere Boyers could land his helicopter and get them onboard. Suddenly she ____5____ a girl grasping a tree which was barely out of the water. One hand holding a tree branch, the other held a dog she’d rescued earlier, she was completely wet and ____6____.
Since there was no place for Boyers to land, he ____7____ the helicopter until it was just above the water. With the rescue rope, Among helped the teen and dog aboard. Boyers ____8____ lifted off. Avoiding the tree and power lines, he ____9____ off the teen and the dog on a safe street, then back in the air. Their mission ended 90 minutes after it began, when professional rescue helicopters showed up.
Though the experience was ______10______, Boyers did make this admission, “It was almost a little fun.”
1．A．complaint B．letter C．program D．call
2．A．fog B．snow C．flood D．fire
3．A．before B．when C．until D．since
4．A．provided B．unprepared C．looked D．hoped
5．A．picked B．pushed C．guided D．spotted
6．A．exhausted B．bored C．puzzled D．embarrassed
7．A．placed B．lowered C．took D．loaded
8．A．slightly B．hardly C．quietly D．carefully
9．A．took B．got C．dropped D．laid
10．A．frightening B．exciting C．fascinating D．boring
第二节 语法填空（共10小题，每小题1.5分,共15分）
阅读下列短文，根据短文内容填空，在未给提示词的空白处仅填写1个适当的单词，在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。
A
Today, there are groups of native people around the world that still live a traditional lifestyle. Some live in remote parts of South America, ___11___ way of life is in danger of disappearing. The Korubo are native people who live in the Amazon rainforest. They make their own tools, grow their own crops, and hunt and fish. Their main weapons are clubs and poison-tipped arrows, used ___12___ both hunting and protecting their territory against ____13____(outsider).
B
A white telephone booth (电话亭), known as the Phone of the Wind, ___14___(sit) in a garden on top of a hill. Though ___15___(disconnect), the phone serves a surprising purpose: helping people speak out what they feel embarrassed to say in front of others.
___16___(think) about the idea for a long time, Sasaki finally built the booth. “My thoughts can’t be relayed over a regular phone line, so I want them ____17____(carry) on the wind. I hope others can also express their feelings in the same way.”
C
Some Qin bamboo texts were discovered in a tomb in Hubei Province that contain many rules regarding ___18___ people were supposed to live and behave. Experts say these texts could prove the government in the third century BC handed out cruel punishments to people who ___19___(break) these rules. For instance, officials punished people who stole money by tattooing(刺青) their face. There are also other ancient laws in the texts. One of them is that when questioning a suspect, an official was ___20___(strict) forbidden from using physical force.
第二部分：阅读理解（共两节，38分）
第一节（共14小题，每小题2分，共28分）
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。
A
Volunteer abroad with the UN
Are you ready to become an international UN Volunteer You can contribute your time, skills and knowledge through volunteering with the UN. This is an opportunity to create a positive impact and be a significant force for achieving peace and development. Make a difference to the lives of many!
Why volunteer with the UN
International UN Volunteers promote peace and development in communities around the globe, while upholding the ideals and ambitions of the United Nations.
International UN Volunteers come from 160 countries, representing many cultures and backgrounds. They bring a wide variety of viewpoints and approaches.
Your international UN Volunteer assignment will make a lasting impact. It can create a ripple effect that extends far beyond the immediate results of your efforts.
As an international UN Volunteer, you will learn about different cultures, expand your networks, study foreign languages and gain matchless professional and life experiences.
Requirements
The minimum requirements to serve as an international UN Volunteer are: 25 years old and older (no upper age limit); university degree or higher technical diploma;
At least two years of relevant work experience in a professional background; good working knowledge of English, Spanish or French;
Commitment to the values and principles of volunteerism; ability to work in a multicultural environment; willingness to work with people and local organizations;
Ability to adjust in difficult living conditions and sometimes remote locations; strong interpersonal and organizational skills.
Conditions of Service
International UN Volunteer assignments generally run for six to 12 months, with the possibility of extending for one to two years.
Short-term assignments are also requested by our partners from time to time. International UN Volunteers are entitled to certain allowances.
Allowances are in no way to be understood as a compensation, reward or salary in exchange for the volunteer work.
The purpose of allowances for volunteers is to enable them to sustain a secure standard of living in their duty stations.
21．As an international UN Volunteer, you can ________.
A．promote peace and development of UN B．affect UN immediately
C．obtain professional experiences D．teach foreign languages
22．According to the passage, applicants are required to ________.
A．be at most 25 years old B．have international work experience
C．hold a university degree in technology D．adapt to difficult living environment
23．What can help volunteers to maintain a secure standard of living
A．Assignments. B．Allowances. C．Commitment. D．Knowledge.
B
The Book Lady
It was Jennifer Williams's mother who got her hooked on books. A librarian, she read to her three children every day. “Not until we went to kindergarten,” Williams told , a local news site. “Until we went to college.”
When Williams, now 54, became an elementary school teacher and tutor in Danville, Virginia, she wanted her students to fall in love with reading just as she had. But early on, she realized that some kids had limited access to books.
“It’s very obvious to teachers of young children which kids are read to versus kids who are not,” she said. “It’s obvious at the end of the first day of school.” To Williams, the solution was simple: Give kids books. In 2017, as part of a civic event called Engage Danville, she gave away 900 used children’s books over three days. Most people would be satisfied with that.
“I was like, ‘Anybody could do that,’” she said. “I wanted to do something that’s going to stretch my faith, my work ethic, my everything.”
So she set a new goal for herself: Give away one million books. It sounds like an unreachable number, but as Williams posted on Facebook: “Don’t complain in the bleachers if you aren’t willing to work hard out on the field.”
So she got to work, first by roping in friends to donate books or money to buy books. Before long, as news of Williams’s project spread, strangers started leaving piles of books on her front porch. As quickly as the books come in, Williams gives them to local schools — free of charge — and also supplies books to little free libraries around the city of 41,000 just over the North Carolina border. She also hosts a book club for prisoners in the local prison.
In the four years she's been doing all this, the Book Lady, as Williams has come to be known, has given away more than 78,000 books — only 922,000 more to reach her goal! And she’s not slowing down. It’s too important for kids with few options.
“Reading can take you anywhere,” she told CNN. “You can travel in time and space. If you can read, you can learn almost anything.”
24．What made Willian interested in reading
A．Her children’s hobby. B．Her mother’s influence.
C．A stranger’s encouragement. D．A teacher's impact.
25．Why did William originally contribute so many books
A．To satisfy most people. B．To celebrate the civic event.
C．To help students love reading. D．To stretch her faith and work ethic.
26．How did William collect books for her goal
A．By asking her friends to buy books. B．By attaining books from the prison.
C．By getting donation from free libraries. D．By receiving donated books from strangers.
27．According to the passage, what words can best describe William
A．helpful and ambitious. B．respectable and innocent.
C．hardworking and adventurous. D．determined and humorous.
C
Many animals depend upon sound to find food, detect predators and communicate with one another. These species understandably suffer when loud motorways cut through their habitats. Some deal with this problem by singing more loudly, some change the timing of their calls to occur when fewer people are driving, others just move to quieter places.
It has always been assumed that noise is a problem unique to animals. But a new study by Ali Akbar Ghotbi-Ravandi, a botanist at Shahid Beheshti University in Tehran, has revealed that plants suffer too.
That plants can be affected indirectly by noise pollution has never been in doubt. Since most flowering species depend upon pollinators and most fruit-bearing species need animals to disperse their seeds, it is obvious that if these animal partners are harmed by noise then their botanical plants will do badly, too. What has remained unknown is whether or not plants themselves suffer directly from noise pollution.
Sounds are pressure waves transmitted through gases, liquids and solids. Scientists have previously predicted that plants may be able to sense these waves as they are struck by them. A number of experiments have confirmed this in recent years — plants attacked with ultrasound in the lab have shown a range of hurtful responses, including the expression of stress-related genes, underdeveloped growth and reduced germination (发芽) of seeds.
Working with a team of colleagues, Dr. Ghotbi-Ravandi grew two species in his lab that are commonly found in urban environments. The plants were grown from seeds and allowed to mature for two months in the same space before they were divided into two groups. One group was exposed to 73 decibels (分贝) of traffic noise recorded from a busy motorway in Tehran for 16 hours a day. The other group was left to grow in silence. After 15 days, samples were taken from the youngest fully expanded leaves on every plant in the experiment and studied.
None of the plants exposed to the traffic noise did well. Analysis of their leaves revealed that all of them were suffering. Harmful chemicals in them are indicators of stress in plants and both were found at much higher levels in the plants exposed to the traffic noise. Most notably, levels of the harmful chemicals in the plants exposed to noise were two to three times what they were in those grown in silence. The findings make it clear that the noise of traffic bothers the plants.
28．What’s the function of the first two paragraphs
A．To lead in the topic of the passage.
B．To prove that only animals suffer from noise.
C．To introduce how animals avoid the urban traffic noise.
D．To compare the different effects of noise on animals and plants.
29．Which of the following words is closest in meaning to the word “disperse” in Paragraph 3
A．Classify. B．Spread. C．Damage. D．Collect
30．What can we learn from Dr Ghotbi-Ravandi’s experiment
A．Urban traffic noise mainly poses a threat to animals.
B．Plants themselves suffer indirectly from noise pollution.
C．Plants exposed to the traffic noise bear higher levels of stress.
D．Plants that don't need animals for growth will not be influenced by noise.
D
There should be no doubt in anyone’s mind that the influence of media is growing stronger and stronger as time passes. If you have noticed, the speed at which news travels around the world has become faster with the development and advancement in technology Media are actually influencing people in different ways.
Whether you admit it or not, watching movies and programs on the television or our laptop, ipad and other mobile devices as we relax takes us away into this different kingdom — that is, there are parts in our being that feels we are the ones in the movie and sometimes we even feel what they are feeling as we get caught in the emotional excitement. The effect of media does not stop when the movie or program ends. And this effect might just be the cause of behavioral changes in people.
With action films, children tend to follow the movie hero, engaging them to violent acts thinking that it is acceptable because his hero became successful in the end. There are cartoon programs that show acts of violence and dishonest acts against others. In return, children tend to copy the characters and think that cheating other people is a way to deal with their problems. They learn to transfer these ill behaviors to friends.
There are some television shows and movies that attempt to create an atmosphere to change the view of people towards social issues such as racial discrimination. In the minds of other people, the effect can be for the better, but some unfortunately for the worse.
There had been instances in the past that young people drunk driving imitating their favorite actress. There was also a case where somebody set a subway ticket booth on fire because he saw it in his favorite film. These are just a few examples of the disturbing influence of media on people’s behavior.
An explanation to these bad acts is that these people could not distinguish fantasy from reality. They get caught up in the kingdom of what they had been watching and the images and scenes become deeply rooted in their minds.
So the media is largely responsible for giving people false ideas and unhealthy pictures, which lead to misbehavior against other people, and can create a dangerous cycle among individuals as they attempt to do the same or even worse things to others. The sad reality is, no one is tuning off their televisions or disconnecting from these influences. The only way programming of this sort will change is when people no longer buy into it, demand it, and watch it.
31．What does the author want to tell us in Paragraph 2
A．What it is that changes our emotion.
B．How media affect people's behavior.
C．Why we are attracted by movies and programs.
D．Whether people feel being taken away from the reality.
32．According to the author, some people act badly because ________.
A．they are just the violent people
B．they hope to solve social problems
C．they actually can’t tell fantasy from reality
D．they want to change people’s attitudes towards media
33．What’s the author’s attitude towards media
A．Sympathetic. B．Critical. C．Supportive. D．Cautious.
34．The author supports his ideas mainly by ________.
A．making contrasts and giving examples
B．listing facts and giving research results
C．raising problems and providing solutions
D．showing facts and presenting explanations
第二节（共5小题；每小题2分，共10分）
根据短文内容，从短文后的七个选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有项为多余选项。
When you’re behind the wheel, distractions (分心) cost lives. Nevertheless, drivers take selfies, and respond to text messages. ____35____
Smartphones are often at the root of these tragedies. As Big Tech sets its sights on modern vehicles, it’s appropriate to ask if it’s time to limit attention-stealing technology that distracts the driver.
Big Tech wants to take on the automotive industry. And it is good at grabbing both attention and information from users. At first, the goal of these technology companies was to give away services at no cost, simply to attract a customer base. ____36____ Their increasing thirst for valuable user information has led them to the automotive industry, where a whole new world of data awaits. Location data, frequent destinations, passenger preferences — such data is found in family cars. ____37____
Mobile tech is walled off from vehicle operating systems by software that keeps infotainment (information and entertainment) features away from the mission-critical driving electronics. If auto makers give up their core operating system to tech powerhouses, they will essentially become hardware suppliers to Silicon Valley.
____38____ Their responsibility is to keep attention on the road, providing vehicle information and a small amount of entertainment options while getting passengers from place to place as safely as possible. Smartphone makers and digital-media providers don’t have this priority. They want eyes on their products, not on the road.
With electric vehicles transforming the auto industry, and artificial intelligence more common than ever, we’re at a dangerous moment. ____39____ Because their hardware is wrapped around families, they have a duty to keep them safe. The only way they can do that is to maintain control of the driver’s seat.
The quality, safety and security will make or break trust in auto makers. Without it, cars will be simply one more intrusive and risky mobile device.
A．Car companies have priorities opposed to those of Big Tech.
B．Now they exist to sell information about their users to advertisers.
C．They enjoy the convenience and fun brought by modern technology.
D．Car makers are, and should be, the most trusted technology companies in the world.
E．Currently video-streaming services are starting to be built into car operating systems.
F．And operating systems and autonomous-driving software are all gateways for this information.
G．Statistics show that an average of eight people a day die in accidents caused by distracted driving.
第三部分 书面表达（共两节，共32分）
第一节 阅读表达（共4小题，第40、41题各2分，第42题3分，第43题5分，共12分）
阅读下面短文，根据题目要求回答问题。
It’s after midnight and you’ve been studying all day. Empty energy drinks line the table and you sigh, “Tomorrow, I’ m getting ice cream. I deserve to treat myself.”
This year, the so-called “treat yourself culture” has expanded far beyond what was once a reward-based mindset. Now, “treating yourself” has become more about stress-caused indulgence (放纵). It represents the more deep-seated issues with the stress we regularly put ourselves under.
The root of the problem lies in our belief that we should be doing more work if it isn’t hard enough. Especially at a top university, I constantly find myself wanting to do more. I want more credits, a higher-grade point average, and more responsibilities I’ll later use as conversation topics in interviews. This drive is by no means a bad thing. We all are trying to eventually land in a place where we can relax and live a more enjoyable life. However, there are a lot of problems with this logic. Without sounding completely hopeless and pessimistic, it is possible that the future we imagine in our twenties will not become reality. Therefore, it is important to integrate things that make us happy with work, school or life induced stress.
Psychology certainly supports this belief. While having good self-control was positively associated with happiness, being able to enjoy life’s little pleasures without feeling ashamed of doing so is just as important. For example, even if you have a busy schedule of work, make time to stop by your favorite coffee shop or spend ten minutes to go on a walk outdoors.
I cannot urge you to give up your late nights of studying, energy drinks and all. I cannot tell you to always choose to do something that makes you happy over something you have or should do. Frankly, this is just not the way life works. We have to put up with the hard work and put in the time. Without pain, we’d also lose happiness and joy. It’s all about balance.
So, instead of looking at everything as a way to handle the stress and something to “treat myself”, let’s try to make treating ourselves a far more common practice in the busy lives we lead.
40．What causes the so-called “treat yourself culture”
41．What does “this logic” in Paragraph 3 refer to
42．Decide which part of the following statement is wrong. Underline it and explain why.
Working hard plays a more important role in a happy life than enjoying life’s little pleasures.
43．Are you a follower of “treat yourself culture” Why or why not (In about 40 words)
第二节: 书面表达（共一题，20分)
44．假设你是红星中学高三学生李华，你校将举办科技节。请给你的英国朋友Jim写一封邮件，向他介绍活动情况，内容包括：
1. 介绍科技节的相关信息（时间，活动内容等）；
2. 邀请对方来参加。
注意：1．词数100左右；
2．开头和结尾已给出，不计入总词数。
参考答案：
1．D 2．C 3．A 4．B 5．D 6．A 7．B 8．D 9．C 10．A
【导语】这是一篇记叙文。讲述了Joel Boyers和妻子Melody Among开直升机营救被困在洪水里的人员的故事。
1．考查名词词义辨析。句意： Joel Boyers的妻子Melody Among刚刚获得了直升机飞行员执照，在从纳什维尔机场回家的路上，他接到了一个来自宾夕法尼亚州的陌生人的电话。A. complaint抱怨；B. letter信件；C. program项目；D. call电话。根据后文“The person told him that many people were trapped”，结合选项可知，他接到一个电话。故选D。
2．考查名词词义辨析。句意：那个人告诉他，许多人被困在离纳什维尔60英里远的洪水中。A. fog雾；B. snow雪；C. flood洪水；D. fire火灾。根据后文“Suddenly she ____5____ a girl grasping a tree which was barely out of the water.”可知，许多人被困在洪水中。故选C。
3．考查连词词义辨析。句意：但话还没来得及说完，Boyers就知道他们还要回去起飞。A. before在……之前，还没来得及……就……；B. when当……时候；C. until直到……为止；D. since自从。根据前文“No one will fly…”及后文“Soon, they were in the air”可知，在Boyers的话还没有来得及说完，他就知道他们还要起飞救人。故选A。
4．考查动词和形容词词义辨析。句意：很快，他们就飞到了空中，难以预料地面对即将在Waverly发生的一切。A. provided提供；B. unprepared没准备好的，没有预料的；C. looked看；D. hoped希望。基于前文的分析可知，Boyers夫妻正在回家的路上，接到了求救电话，马上回机场起飞，准备去营救被困在洪水中的人，所以对于将要发生的事情难以预料，并没有做好充分的准备。故选B。
5．考查动词词义辨析。句意：突然，她发现一个女孩正抓住一棵刚浮出水面的树。A. picked捡起；B. pushed推动；C. guided引导；D. spotted发现。根据语境和后文“a girl grasping a tree which was barely out of the water”可知，她发现了一个被困的女孩。故选D。
6．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：她一只手拿着树枝，另一只手抱着她之前救的狗，她浑身湿透，筋疲力尽。A. exhausted筋疲力尽的；B. bored厌倦的；C. puzzled困惑的；D. embarrassed尴尬的。根据语境、常识和前文“One hand holding a tree branch, the other held a dog she’d rescued earlier”可知，这女孩已经筋疲力尽了。故选A。
7．考查动词词义辨析。句意：由于没有地方让Boyers降落，他将直升机降至刚好浮出水面。A. placed放置；B. lowered降低；C. took拿走；D. loaded装载。根据常识和前文“there was no place for Boyers to land”可知，他只能降低直升机，使直升机靠近水面。故选B。
8．考查副词词义辨析。句意：Boyers小心翼翼地起飞了。A. slightly轻微地；B. hardly几乎不；C. quietly安静地；D. carefully小心地。根据常识及后文“Avoiding the tree and power lines”可知，他小心翼翼地起飞。故选D。
9．考查动词词义辨析。句意：避开树木和电线，他把孩子和狗放在一条安全的街道上，然后回到空中。A. took拿走；B. got得到；C. dropped掉下；D. laid放置，安放。根据语境和后文“the teen and the dog on a safe street”及“back in the air”可知，他把孩子和狗一起放到安全地带，就又升空了。drop off是固定搭配，意为“让某人下车/飞机”。故选C。
10．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：尽管这段经历惊心动魄，但Boyers确实承认了这一点，“这几乎有点乐趣。”A. frightening可怕的；B. exciting令人兴奋的；C. fascinating迷人的；D. boring无聊的，令人厌倦的。根据语境及前文“Boyers, 41, looked west toward Waverly and saw the storm clouds.”以及“Their mission ended 90 minutes after it began, when professional rescue helicopters showed up.”可知，当时天气恶劣，他们并不是专业救援队，所以救援过程肯定是惊心动魄的。故选A。
11．whose 12．for 13．outsiders
【导语】这是一篇说明文。今天，世界各地仍有许多土著部落过着传统的生活方式。有些人生活在南美洲的偏远地区，他们的生活方式正面临消失的危险。Korubo人就是其中之一。
11．考查定语从句。句意：有些人生活在南美洲的偏远地区，他们的生活方式正面临消失的危险。分析句子结构可知，“way of life is in danger of disappearing.”是非限定性定语从句，先行词为some，指的是“有些人”，指人，且定语从句中缺少定语，应用关系代词whose。故填whose。
12．考查介词。句意：他们的主要武器是棍棒和毒箭，用于狩猎和保护他们的领土不受外来者入侵。be used for doing sth“被用来做某事”。故填for。
13．考查名词。句意：他们的主要武器是棍棒和毒箭，用于狩猎和保护他们的领土不受外来者入侵。介词against后接名词outsider(外来者)作宾语，且此处表示不止一个入侵者，用复数outsiders。 故填outsiders。
14．sits 15．disconnected 16．Having thought 17．to be carried
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了佐佐木在山顶建立一座电话亭，帮助人们说出他们在别人面前感到尴尬的话。
14．考查时态和主谓一致。句意：一座白色的电话亭，被称为“风的电话”，坐落在山顶的花园里。根据文章时态可知，用一般现在时。主语为A white telephone booth，所以谓语动词用第三人称单数形式。故填sits。
15．考查状语从句的省略。句意：虽然没有连接，但电话有一个令人惊讶的用途：帮助人们说出他们在别人面前感到尴尬的话。在though等引导的让步状语从句中，若谓语部分含有be动词，而主语又跟主句主语相同，则从句中主语和be动词常一起省略。主语the phone与disconnect之间为被动关系，所以用过去分词形式。故填disconnected。
16．考查非谓语动词。句意：经过长时间的思考，佐佐木终于搭建了这个电话亭。逻辑主语Sasaki与think之间为主动关系，且动作发生在主句动作之前，所以用现在分词的完成式。故填Having thought。
17．考查非谓语动词。句意：我的思想无法通过普通的电话线传递，所以我希望它们能被风传递。want sb. to do sth.想要某人做某事。代词them指代thoughts，与carry之间为被动关系，所以用不定式的被动式。故填to be carried。
18．how 19．broke 20．strictly
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了考古发现一些秦朝竹简书，其中包含了许多关于当时人们应该如何生活和行为的规则。
18．考查名词性从句。句意：在湖北的一个古墓中发现了一些秦朝竹简书，其中包含了许多关于人们应该如何生活和行为的规则。介词regarding后接宾语从句，从句缺少方式状语表示“如何”，所以用连接副词how引导。故填how。
19．考查时态。句意：专家们说，这些文本可以证明公元前三世纪的政府对违反这些规则的人施以残酷的惩罚。分析句子可知，定语从句中缺少谓语动词。根据句中时间状语in the third century BC可知，发生在过去的事情，用一般过去时。故填broke。
20．考查副词。句意：其中一条是，在讯问嫌疑人时，严禁官员使用体罚。修饰动词，用副词形式。故填strictly。
21．C 22．D 23．B
【导读】本文是一篇应用文。介绍了联合国2021年志愿者项目的具体内容及要求。
21．细节理解题。根据Why volunteer with the UN部分的“ As an international UN Volunteer, you will learn about different cultures, expand your networks, study foreign languages and gain matchless professional and life experiences.( 作为一名国际联合国志愿者，你将了解不同的文化，扩大人脉，学习外语，获得无与伦比的职业和生活经验。)”可知，作为一名国际联合国志愿者，你可以获得职业经验。故选C。
22．细节理解题。根据Requirements部分的“ Ability to adjust in difficult living conditions and sometimes remote locations; strong interpersonal and organizational skills.(能够适应困难的生活条件，有时是偏远的地方；较强的人际关系和组织能力。)”可知，申请者被要求适应困难的生活条件。故选D。
23．细节理解题。根据Conditions of Service部分的“ The purpose of allowances for volunteers is to enable them to sustain a secure standard of living in their duty stations. ( 向志愿人员提供津贴的目的是使他们能够在工作地点维持有保障的生活水平。)”可知，津贴可以有助于志愿者维持生活保障。故选B。
24．B 25．C 26．A 27．A
【导语】这是一篇记叙文。文章介绍了Jennifer Williams志愿捐书的爱心故事。
24．细节理解题。根据第一段第一句“It was Jennifer Williams's mother who got her hooked on books.（是詹妮弗·威廉姆斯的母亲让她迷上了书。）”可知，她母亲的影响使威廉对阅读产生了兴趣。故选B。
25．细节理解题。根据第二段第一句中“she wanted her students to fall in love with reading just as she had.（她希望她的学生像她一样爱上阅读）”可知，为了帮助孩子们热爱阅读，她开始捐书。故选C。
26．细节理解题。根据第六段第一句“So she got to work, first by roping in friends to donate books or money to buy books.（于是她开始工作，首先是拉拢朋友们捐书或出钱买书。）”可知，她通过让她的朋友买书来收集书籍。故选A。
27．推理判断题。根据第三段第三句“To Williams, the solution was simple: Give kids books.（对威廉姆斯来说，解决办法很简单：给孩子们书。）”可知，她乐于助人；根据第五段第一句“So she set a new goal for herself: Give away one million books.（所以她给自己定了一个新目标：捐出一百万本书。）”可知，她是很有野心的。故选A。
28．A 29．B 30．C
【导语】本文是说明文。动物遭受噪音影响是不容怀疑的，植物是否也遭受噪音影响呢？文章通过一个实验阐述噪音也影响着植物。
28．推理判断题。根据第一段内容“Many animals depend upon sound to find food, detect predators and communicate with one another. These species understandably suffer when loud motorways cut through their habitats. (许多动物依靠声音来寻找食物、探测捕食者以及相互交流。当嘈杂的高速公路穿过它们的栖息地时，这些物种遭受痛苦是可以理解的。)”可知，第一段讲述动物通过声音寻食，捕猎，交流，并会因为噪音而受苦，第二段第一句“It has always been assumed that noise is a problem unique to animals. (人们一直认为，噪音是动物所特有的问题。)紧跟上文说明人们一直认为只有动物才有噪音困扰，接下来讲述“But a new study by Ali Akbar Ghotbi-Ravandi, a botanist at Shahid Beheshti University in Tehran, has revealed that plants suffer too.(但是，德黑兰沙希德·贝赫什蒂大学的植物学家阿里·阿克巴尔·格尔比-拉万迪的一项新研究表明，植物也会受到影响。)”，下面的段落展开讲述这个话题，因此推断前两段的目的是引出文章的主题。故选A。
29．词句猜测题。根据划线句“Since most flowering species depend upon pollinators and most fruit-bearing species need animals to disperse their seeds (因为大多数开花物种依赖于传粉者，大多数结果实的物种需要动物disperse它们的种子)”并结合选项A. Classify把……分类；B. Spread传播；C. Damage毁坏；D. Collect收集，以及常识可知，开花物种需要传粉，结果的物种需要传播种子，划线词与B项意思相近。故选B。
30．细节理解题。根据最后一段的“Most notably, levels of the harmful chemicals in the plants exposed to noise were two to three times what they were in those grown in silence. The findings make it clear that the noise of traffic bothers the plants.(最值得注意的是，暴露在噪音中的植物中的有害化学物质的含量是那些在寂静中生长的植物的两到三倍。调查结果清楚地表明，交通的噪音困扰着植物)”可知，Ghotbi-Ravandi博士的实验表明，暴露在交通噪音中的植物承受着更高水平的压力。故选C。
31．B 32．C 33．B 34．D
【导语】本文是一篇议论文，讲述了随着科技的发展，媒体正在各个方面影响着人们。文中列举了好多人们因为媒体而产生的一些不利于社会的行为，并给出了解释，因为媒体影响，人们无法区分幻想与现实，唯一的解决方式就是人们不再看电视，不再接触媒体。
31．主旨大意题。根据文章第二段“The effect of media does not stop when the movie or program ends. And this effect might just be the cause of behavioral changes in people.（当电影或者节目结束时，媒体的效应也没有停止。并且这种效应也就是人们行为发生变化的原因。）”可知，本句放在段末，总结上文媒体对人类的影响的解释，故本段主要讲人们看电视时所产生的媒体效应，这种效应也改变了人们的行为，故B项“媒体是如何影响人们行为”符合本段大意，故选B。
32．细节理解题。根据文章第六段“An explanation to these bad acts is that these people could not distinguish fantasy from reality.（产生这些不良行为的解释之一就是，这些人无法区分幻想与现实。）”可知，一些人行为恶劣，是因为他们无法区分幻想与现实，故选C。
33．推理判断题。根据文章最后一段“So the media is largely responsible for giving people false ideas and unhealthy pictures, which lead to misbehavior against other people, and can create a dangerous cycle among individuals as they attempt to do the same or even worse things to others. The sad reality is, no one is tuning off their televisions or disconnecting from these influences.（因此，媒体在很大程度上要为给人们错误的想法和不健康的图片负责，这导致了对他人的不当行为，并可能在个人之间创造一个危险的循环，因为他们试图对别人做同样的事情，甚至更糟糕的事情。可悲的现实是，没有人关掉电视或脱离这些影响。）”可知，作者认为媒体带来了人们不正当的行为，创造了危险的社会环境，故他对媒体的态度是批评的，故选B。
34．推理判断题。根据文章第三段列举的“With action films, children tend to follow the movie hero, engaging them to violent acts thinking that it is acceptable because his hero became successful in the end. (在动作片中，孩子们倾向于追随电影中的英雄，结果他们参与暴力行为，认为这是可以接受的，因为他的英雄最终成功了。)”一些孩子们模仿电视里面的暴力行为并改变了对于社会问题的态度，和第五段“There had been instances in the past that young people drunk driving imitating their favorite actress.（曾经有一些例子，年轻人模仿他们最喜欢的演员酒驾。）；There was also a case…(曾经有一个案例……); These are just a few examples…(有几个例子……)”以及第六段“An explanation to these bad acts is that these people could not distinguish fantasy from reality.（产生这些坏行为的解释之一就是，这些人无法分清幻想与现实。）”可推知，文章作者是通过“列事实和解释”来支撑他的观点的。故选D。
35．G 36．B 37．F 38．A 39．D
【导语】这是一篇议论文，文章主要论述了随着大型科技公司将目光投向现代汽车，是到了应该限制那些分散司机注意力的技术了，而汽车制造商此时也应当承担起他们应有的责任——保证家庭的安全。
35．上文“When you’re behind the wheel, distractions (分心) cost lives. Nevertheless, drivers take selfies, and respond to text messages. (当你开车时，分心会夺去生命。尽管如此，司机们还是会自拍，并回复短信)”说明了开车分心以失去生命为代价，但是还是有很多司机做一些分心的事情；下文“Smartphones are often at the root of these tragedies. (智能手机往往是这些悲剧的根源)”说明了手机通常是这些悲剧的根源；G选项“统计数据显示，平均每天有8人死于分心驾驶引起的交通事故”符合下文指代的“these tragedies”，且承接上文说明了司机自拍和回复信息所导致的后果，符合题意。故选G项。
36．上文“At first, the goal of these technology companies was to give away services at no cost, simply to attract a customer base. (起初，这些技术公司的目标是免费提供服务，只是为了吸引客户群)”说明了大型科技公司最开始的目的是吸引客户群；后文“Their increasing thirst for valuable user information has led them to the automotive industry, where a whole new world of data awaits. (他们越来越渴望获得有价值的用户信息，这把他们带到了汽车行业，一个全新的数据世界在等着他们)”说明了这些科技公司越来越渴望有价值的用户信息；B选项“现在他们的存在是为了将用户的信息卖给广告商”中的“now”与前文的“at first”相对应，进行了前后的一个对比，且“information about their users”也与后文的“user information”相对应，符合题意。故选B项。
37．上文“Their increasing thirst for valuable user information has led them to the automotive industry, where a whole new world of data awaits. Location data, frequent destinations, passenger preferences — such data is found in family cars.(他们越来越渴望获得有价值的用户信息，这把他们带到了汽车行业，一个全新的数据世界在等着他们。位置数据、经常前往的目的地、乘客偏好——这些数据可以在家用汽车中找到)”说明了大型科技公司渴望一个全新的关于位置数据、频繁目的地、乘客偏好的数据世界；F选项“操作系统和自动驾驶软件都是这些信息的网关”承接上文说明了大型科技公司获取这些数据的渠道。故选F项。
38．后文“Their responsibility is to keep attention on the road, providing vehicle information and a small amount of entertainment options while getting passengers from place to place as safely as possible. Smartphone makers and digital-media providers don’t have this priority. They want eyes on their products, not on the road. (他们的责任是保持对道路的关注，提供车辆信息和少量的娱乐选择，同时尽可能安全地让乘客从一个地方到另一个地方。智能手机制造商和数字媒体提供商没有优先考虑这个。他们希望人们关注他们的产品，而不是在路上)”说明了他们的责任是保证乘客安全；而智能手机制造商和数字媒体提供商优先考虑的是其产品；A选项“汽车公司拥有与大型科技公司不同的优先考虑的事情”中的“Car companies”与后文的“their”相对应，且“priorities opposed to those of Big Tech”也与后文的“Smartphone makers and digital-media providers don’t have this priority”相对应，符合题意。故选A项。
39．后文“Because their hardware is wrapped around families, they have a duty to keep them safe. The only way they can do that is to maintain control of the driver’s seat. (因为他们的硬件是围绕着家庭的，所以他们有责任保证他们的安全。他们能做到这一点的唯一方法就是保持对驾驶员位置的控制)”说明了他们有责任保证家庭安全；D选项“汽车制造商现在是，也应该是世界上最值得信赖的科技公司”中的“Car makers”与后文的“their”以及“they”相对应，且与后文构成了因果关系，符合题意。故选D项。
40．Stress. 41．It refers to the idea that if we work hard we will eventually land in a place where we can relax and live a more enjoyable life. 42．·Working hard plays a more important role in a happy life than enjoying life's little pleasures.
According to the passage, working hard is as important as enjoying life's little pleasures to a happy life. They're equally important. 43．言之有理即可。Yes, I am. Because I think it can help me relax after working for a long time. But after reading this article, I must make a change, I will make treating myself a far more common practice in my life.
【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了“善待自己文化”，呼吁人们在忙碌的生活中更常见地对待自己。
40．考查细节理解。根据第二段中的“Now, “treating yourself” has become more about stress-caused indulgence. It represents the more deep-seated issues with the stress we regularly put ourselves under.（现在，“善待自己”更多地是关于压力引起的放纵。它代表了我们经常让自己承受的压力的更深层次的问题）”可知，是压力导致了所谓的“善待自己文化”。故答案为Stress.
41．考查细节理解。根据第三段中的“We all are trying to eventually land in a place where we can relax and live a more enjoyable life. However, there are a lot of problems with this logic.（我们都试图最终到达一个我们可以放松的地方，过上更愉快的生活。然而，这种逻辑存在很多问题）”可知，这种逻辑指的是上文提到的我们都试图最终到达一个我们可以放松的地方，过上更愉快的生活。故答案为It refers to the idea that if we work hard we will eventually land in a place where we can relax and live a more enjoyable life.
42．考查细节理解。根据第四段中的“While having good self-control was positively associated with happiness, being able to enjoy life’s little pleasures without feeling ashamed of doing so is just as important.(虽然良好的自制力与幸福呈正相关，但能够享受生活中的小快乐而不为此感到羞愧也同样重要)”可知，在幸福生活中，努力工作和享受生活中的小快乐一样重要，而不是谁比谁更重要。因此Working hard plays a more important role in a happy life than enjoying life’s little pleasures.中比较级的说法是错误的。故答案为According to the passage, working hard is as important as enjoying life’s little pleasures to a happy life. They’re equally important.
43．本题考查你是否为“善待自己”文化的追随者以及原因。言之有理即可。参考答案为Yes, I am. Because I think it can help me relax after working for a long time. But after reading this article, I must make a change, I will make treating myself a far more common practice in my life.
44．Dear Jim,
How is everything going
I’m writing to invite you to attend the Science and Technology Festival at our school with me.
It will be held in the school hall next Sunday morning. The opening ceremony starts at 9:00 a.m., and the schoolmaster will deliver a speech. Then a famous scientist will give a lecture on science. After that, participants can enjoy the exhibition about the development of high-technology and try to do different experiments in person.
I think it’s a good chance for us to broaden our vision and have hands-on experiences. Most importantly, I know you’re very keen on science and curious about the world. I’m sure it’ll be a fantastic experience. And I really hope you can come.
I’m looking forward to your earliest reply.
Yours,
Li Hua
【导语】本篇书面表达属于应用文。假设你是红星中学高三学生李华，你校将举办科技节。请给你的英国朋友Jim写一封邮件，向他介绍活动情况。
【详解】1.词汇积累
参加：attend→take part in
出名的：famous→well-known
不同的：different→diverse
机会：chance→opportunity
2.句式拓展
合并简单句
原句：Then a famous scientist will give a lecture on science. After that, participants can enjoy the exhibition about the development of high-technology and try to do different experiments in person.
拓展句：Then a famous scientist will give a lecture on science, after which, participants can enjoy the exhibition about the development of high-technology and try to do different experiments in person.
【点睛】[高分句型1] I’m sure it’ll be a fantastic experience. (运用了省略了that的宾语从句)
[高分句型2] I think it’s a good chance for us to broaden our vision and have hands-on experiences. (运用了it作形式主语)