高中试卷答案网湖南省长沙市2023届高三上学期新高考适应性考试英语试卷
学校：___________姓名：___________班级：___________考号：___________
一、阅读理解
Still waiting for your letter to arrive by owl （猫头鹰）？ Don't worry. You can still lose yourself in the magical world of Harry Potter,just by following this four-day route.
Day 1 Overview Edinburgh
It was in Scotland's capital city that J.K. Rowling started to plot the adventures of Harry and his fellows. With stoned streets， winding alleys（小巷）and medieval（中世纪的）architecture,the city certainly has a few things in common with the settings from the books and films. She wrote the early chapters in various cafes around the city's Old Towns.
Day 2 Overview travel to Fort William
Travel by train from Edinburgh to Glasgow and from there, and you can take the West Highland Line to Fort William. This is a great way to see some famous spots from the window, including the mysterious Rannoch Moor,the place where Death Eaters board the train in the movie Harry Potter and The Deathly Hallows.
Day 3 Overview all aboard the Hogwarts express
Witness the sweeping cinematic scenery straight out of the eight successful films by booking a seat on the Jacobite Steam Train, which travels from Fort William to Mallaig along the West Highland Line. Stop for lunch in Mallaig and then make the return journey to Fort William.Please be sure to book the steam train in advance, as it is a very popular experience. It opens for the season in April.
Day 4 Overview lakes and valleys
In the films，mysterious，misty landscapes frame（衬托）the background of Harry's tale，so it's no surprise that the producers chose the Highlands for many scenes. Spend a day wandering through some of these beautiful spots and feel the magical atmosphere.
1、Where did J.K.Rowling first start to create Harry Potter
A. In Mallaig. B. In Edinburgh. C. In Glasgow. D. In Fort William.
2、What are you required to do if you want to take the steam train
A. Have lunch earlier than usual. B. Learn about the return ticket.
C. Make a reservation beforehand. D. Take a training course in April
3、On which day can you experience the producers' favorite settings
A. Day 1. B. Day 2. C. Day 3. D. Day 4.
Sylvester James Gates is the current president of the American Physical Society. He appears in a number of documentaries, and is the receiver of countless awards.
In looking back at his career,Gates credited MIT as his "intellectual birthing ground".In fact, his path to MIT started at home. He still remembers that when he was a child, his father asked him and his three younger siblings（兄弟姐妹）a question： What college do you plan to attend His father had spent his own childhood on a sugarcane farm, and then worked in the army for 27 years, never having had the opportunity to attend college himself.
“But he had an iron faith that education was the way to make progress for our family,”Gates said.
Gates first learned of MIT when he was 14. He was watching a television show, with a character who happened to be an MIT student. It left such an impression that Gates declared to his father that MIT was the college he wanted to attend. But as he recalled," That dream almost never happened.”
He spent his high school years in Florida. He and his friends started a chess team. When they visited other high schools for matches, he saw the quality of everything, from the facilities, to the desks, and even the books—especially the books—was better than those at his own school.
This experience made him hesitate in applying to MIT. But his father, remembering Gates' early declaration,insisted.When the acceptance letter came,it was his father who gave him the news, while sitting on the family's rocking sofa"He was energetically going back and forth, back and forth, and then he looked up and saw me, smiling the biggest smile," Gates said. "And that was my introduction to MIT—that very personal welcoming from my father,who let me know that my dream could come true."
4、What do we know about Gates
A. He is president of MIT B. He has got lots of honors.
C. His path to MIT began on farm D. His service in the army lasted 27 years.
5、Which of the following can best describe the author's father
A. Insightful. B.Picky. C. Educated. D. Hesitant.
6、What made Gates apply to MIT
A. The iron faith in high school career.
B. Father's insistence on his early dream.
C. The experience of visiting high schools.
D. His communication with an MIT student.
7、What can we learn from the passage
A. It's never too late to learn.
B. Knowledge makes one humble.
C. Making mistakes is part of learning.
D. Birth is much but education is more.
Currently, New Zealand's government announces it will help pay for poorer families to replace their old cars with cleaner hybrid （混合动力的） or electric ones. The government says it plans to spend $357million on the test program.
The move is part of a wider plan to reduce greenhouse gas emissions（排放物）. Greenhouse gases are believed to cause warming temperatures in the Earth's atmosphere. New Zealand plans to provide aid for businesses to reduce emissions and have buses that run on environmentally safe fuel by 2035.The government also plans to provide food-waste collection for most homes by 2030.
Prime Minister Jacinda Ardem said in a statement,“We’ve all seen the recent reports on sea level rise and its influence right here in New Zealand. We cannot leave the issue of climate change until it's too late to fix."The plan is a step toward New Zealand's stated goal of reaching net-zero（净零）carbon emissions by 2050.
Reaching net-zero emissions means not creating more carbon in the atmosphere than oceans and forests can remove. Ardern said that reducing dependence on traditional fuels would help protect families from extreme price increases. The plan also sets a goal of reducing total car travel by 20 percent over the next 13years. The programs will be paid for from a $2.8 billion climate emergency response fund.
Officials said that over time, money collected from polluters would pay for the programs rather than taxes from families. Some critics of the plan say it continued to be less restrictive on New Zealand's huge agriculture industry. Agriculture creates more than half of the nation's total greenhouse gas emissions. But it is also important to the economy as the nation's biggest export earner.
David Seymour is the leader of New Zealand's ACT political party. He said that some of the announced programs were proven to be ineffective and had been tried and failed overseas. Seymour added that people should be able to choose how they reduce emissions through the market-based emissions trading plan.
8、What does New Zealand government plan to do
A. Increase dependence on traditional fuels.
B. Reduce expense on food-waste collection.
C. Offer businesses help to lessen emissions.
D. Buy cars for families and double car travel.
9、What does Jacinda Ardem suggest doing about the climate change
A. Observing the sea level rise. B. Publishing the recent reports.
C. Dealing with the issue instantly. D. Raising emergency response funds.
10、What can we infer from the text
A. The move has a goal of reducing the use of buses.
B. Agriculture plays a vital part in the nation's economy.
C. The announced programs will be applied internationally.
D. Achieving net-zero emissions means creating no carbon at all.
11、What is David Seymour’s attitude towards the programs
A. Tolerant. B. Unclear. C.Favorable. D. Doubtful.
Natural silence—the kind when you hear nothing but the sound of nature around you—is becoming increasingly scarce. The noise of man-made can be heard even in the remote corners of national parks and deep in the Arctic Ocean.
This is having some troubling effects. In humans, noise pollution has been linked to physical， mental health problems and cognitive impairment（认知功能障碍）in children.In wildlife,it's disturbing navigation,pairing,communication and can cause hearing loss."We're losing the ability to listen to nature without noise pollution," says sound recordist Matt Mikkelsen. He's part of the non-profit organization Quiet Parks International, which aims to identify and preserve the planet's last quiet places.
Recently, this took him to Boundary Waters Canoe Area Wilderness in northeastern Minnesota. No cars, motor boats, electricity or telephone lines are allowed in the one-million-acre area,making it a strong candidate for Quiet Park status. But listening back to the recording， Mikkelsen can hear the low hum（嗡鸣声） of a commercial plane flying far away.
Quiet Parks hasn't yet decided if Boundary Waters meets its criteria—it's one of 260 potential sites around the world that the organization is currently exploring. The team will analyze the sound recordings from each location and consider them alongside other data.
In recent years, the world has been getting louder, with cities and towns expanding and an increasing number of noises from cars, airplanes or ships. But during the COVID-19 pandemic （流行病），there has been momentary delay.In2020，global air travel was down by 60% and road transport decreased by almost half. Scientists in Europe found that noise caused by humans fell by up to 50% after lock downs were carried out.
"People enjoyed the silence,"says Mikkelsen.“There were no airplanes in the sky and cars weren't on the street. It was an incredible thing to be able to hear the world, all of a sudden, free from noise pollution,"he says. Since the start of the pandemic, Quiet Parks says it has experienced a huge increase in interest for quiet places."I hope that we can take that desire for a world with less noise forward,”says Mikkelsen,"and appreciate the spots we have,where we can go and not experience noise pollution."
12、What does the underlined word "scarce" probably mean in paragraph 1
A. Special. B. Rare. C. Common. D. Typical.
13、What is paragraph 2mainly about
A. Causes of hearing loss.
B. Tips on protecting the nature.
C. Harmful effects of noise pollution.
D. Unidentified problems from human beings.
14、What will Matt Mikkelsen's team analyse according to the text
A. The sound recordings. B. Global air travels.
C. Quiet Parks' criteria. D. Data of the pandemic.
15、Where is the text probably taken from
A. A book review. B. A travel guide.
C. A business plan. D. A science report.
二、七选五
16、I'm a hiker—"born to hike". It does my heart and soul good to take a pack and head out on a trail（小路）， especially when I'm alone and can let my mind wander where it will. ①________.
Hiking keeps your brain sharper than many other forms of exercise. As a professional writer, although I am busy with my work, I often spare some time to hike. ②________.
③________.Exercise in general can be a good way to decrease stress. But what sets hiking apart from other forms of exercise is that hiking can happen almost anywhere and give you the happiness that you can take from nature.
Hiking can increase our creativity. I'm sure I'm not alone in finding that walks in nature let my mind wander freely in creative directions. ④________ Sometimes, ideas relevant to music come up from unconscious places when I'm not deliberately thinking.
Hiking helps strengthen a positive relationship with the natural world.Besides being good for us, hiking may also help the world around us. After all, if we stick to walking and covering longer distances, we could use cars less and reduce our carbon footprint. ⑤________. For example, it increases our connection to nature. As one study suggests, when we have a personal connection to nature, we are more likely to want to protect it. That means experiences in nature—like hiking — can be mutually（相互地）beneficial， helping people and the earth.
So,grab a water bottle,a backpack... and head out on the trail.You won't be sorry you did.
A. Hiking helps to keep you calm and happy
B. Beyond that, hiking benefits our planet indirectly
C. Following are the benefits you can get from hiking
D. In fact, I've written many of my songs while hiking on a trail
E. It's easy for me to come up with creative ideas while sitting alone
F. It not just makes me feel good, but also helps me keep the brain in top shape
G. This all goes to show that hiking maybe one of the best ways to move your body
三、完形填空（15空）
One day Christopher Columbus was at a party that a Spanish gentleman gave in his honor. People were saying,"What a great 1 you have made!"However,several people present were envious of him. They began to try to make Columbus 2 .
"You have discovered new 3 beyond the seas," they said, "but what of that Anybody can 4 across the ocean and anybody can coast along the islands on the other side. It is the 5 thing in the world.All you need to do is sail west. That's not a(n) 6 feat（功绩）.”
Columbus made no 7 , but after a while he took an egg from a dish and said to the company, "Who among you, gentlemen, can make this egg 8 on end "
“That’s impossible,” the host replied. “You would need to be a 9 to do that.” One by one, those at the table 10 the experiment. 11 , none of them succeeded.
After a short silence, Columbus took the egg and struck its small end 12 upon the table so as to 13 the shell（壳）a little. After that, there was no 14 in making it stand upright. "Gentlemen," said he, "what is easier than to do this which you said was impossible It is the simplest thing in the world. Anybody can do it—AFTER HE HAS BEEN 15 HOW!"
17、A.decision B. schedule C.discovery D. statement
18、A.unhurt B. uncomfortable C.unfortunate D. unafraid
19、A.substances B. oceans C.lands D. treasures
20、A.sail B. run C.walk D. hike
21、A.greatest B. worst C.hardest D. simplest
22、A.small B. useless C.remarkable D. ordinary
23、A.apology B. answer C.mistake D. secret
24、A.roll B. sit C.fall D. stand
25、A.magician B. sailor C.planner D. doctor
26、A.evaluated B. finished C.tried D. designed
27、A.Above all B. At last C.For instance D. In addition
28、A.gently B. helplessly C.heavily D. critically
29、A.find B. change C.hide D. break
30、A.trouble B. instruction C.reaction D. point
31、A.HIT B. SHOWN C.EXPLODED D. SET
四、语法填空
32、Gift giving has been a long tradition that dates back thousands of years as far back as man can remember. As human beings, we are social creatures who enjoy each other's company and expressing ①_______(we) feelings through the giving of gifts.
The giving of gifts may be one of the oldest of human ②_______ (activity)that predates civilization and may date back ③_______ the origin of our species. Even in primitive cavemen culture, the giving of gifts was ④_______ (fair) common as it was used to show love and affection towards one another. The presenting of gifts was also inferred as a status symbol when leaders of tribes（部落）would show their ⑤_______（appreciate）for the contributions of those who were part of an important achievement. Whether it was an unusually shaped rock, a tooth from an animal, the bark from a tree ⑥_______ some other item that was natural in origin, the giving of gifts had been certainly common behavior long before an advanced civilization came into being.
Today, gift giving is spread across all cultures around the world. Gifts ⑦_______ (give) to family members, friends, those we work with and even neighbors who receive gifts of all different types. The psychology of ⑧_______ gift giving is so rewarding is simple: It allows people ⑨_______ (connect). Making connections with people around us gives us a sense of purpose and feeling of satisfaction. This feeling is one that enlightens the soul and brings out the ⑩_______ (good) in us.
五、书面表达
33、假定你是李华，正负责筹备学校年度英语诗歌创作大赛。你想去找外教Mariam咨询关于诗歌主题等相关的事情，但是发现Mariam不在办公室，请你给她写一封邮件。内容包括：
1.找她的原因；
2.约定见面的时间、地点。
注意：
1.词数80左右；
2.开头和结尾已给出，不计入总词数。
Dear Mariam,
I'm Li Hua from your English poetry class.__________________________
____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Yours,
Li Hua
六、读后续写
34、阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。
I was backpacking and planned to climb a volcano called Volcan Baru. At 3,474m, it is the highest peak in the country and one of the only places on Earth from where you can see the Atlantic and the Pacific Oceans at the same time. It is an active volcano, but last erupted around 1550.
I set off before sunrise. It was a little cold, so I had pulled on tights under my trousers. I intended to reach the top by midday, and then return before dark to get a lift to my hotel.I've always felt safe travelling as a woman on my own, which I've done since my 20s. I love the freedom. When I got to the base of the volcano at 7 in the morning，the ranger （护林员）disagreed to let me go alone, but said OK because an American couple were behind me.
The first part of the climb was beautiful. It was not dry as you might imagine a volcano might be—there were trees and flowers all around, and a dirt road for the farmers who worked around there.I walked for an hour and reached a fair height. The views were impressive, so I stopped to take a photograph
Suddenly I heard violent barking behind me. I turned and saw two dogs running aggressively （挑衅）towards me. I expected them to stop，but they didn't. As they got closer， I could see their teeth looked sharp, and that they looked angry. There was nowhere for me to run. I tried to keep calm, but my heart was racing. I'd never been bitten by a dog, and I couldn't help but fear what would happen. They stopped a dozen feet from where I stood and kept barking.I knew they could move fast, so I didn't want to try to outrun them.
注意：
1.续写词数应为150左右；
2.请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
Terrified, I slowly kept walking, saying,"Come on, good dogs!"
____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Just at this critical moment, a pickup appeared, driven by the ranger.
____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
参考答案
1、答案：B
解析：细节理解题。根据Day 1 Overview Edinburgh部分下的It was in Scotland's capital city that J.K. Rowling started to plot the adventures of Harry and his fellows. (正是在苏格兰的首都，J.K.罗琳开始策划哈里和他的伙伴们的冒险。)可知, J.K罗琳在爱丁堡开始创作《哈利波特》的，故选B。
2、答案：C
解析：细节理解题。根据Day 3 Overview all aboard the Hogwarts express部分中的Please be sure to book the steam train in advance, as it is a very popular experience. (请务必提前预订蒸汽火车，因为这是一种非常受欢迎的体验。)可知，如果你想乘坐蒸汽火车,你需要提前预定，故选C。
3、答案：D
解析：细节理解题。根据Day 4 Overview lakes and valleys部分中的In the films, mysterious, misty landscapes frame (衬托) the background of Harry's tale, so it's no surprise that the producers chose the Highlands for many scenes. (在电影中， 神秘、朦胧的风景构成了哈利故事的背景，所以制片人选择在高地拍摄许多场景也就不足为奇了。)可知，在第四天你可以体验到制片人最喜欢拍摄的场景，故选D。
4、答案：B
解析：细节理解题。根据第一段“Sylvester James Gates is the current president of the American Physical Society. He appears in a number of documentaries, and is the receiver of countless awards.(西尔维斯特·詹姆斯·盖茨是美国物理学会现任主席。他出演了许多纪录片，并获得了无数奖项)”可知，盖茨获得了很多荣誉。故选B。
5、答案：A
解析：推理判断题。根据第三段““But he had an iron faith that education was the way to make progress for our family,” Gates said.(“但他有一个坚定的信念，那就是教育是我们家庭进步的途径，”盖茨说)”可推知，作者的父亲很有见地。故选A。
6、答案：B
解析：细节理解题。根据第四段“It left such an impression that Gates declared to his father that MIT was the college he wanted to attend. But as he recalled, “That dream almost never happened.”(这所学校给盖茨留下了深刻的印象，以至于盖茨向父亲宣布，他想上麻省理工学院。但据他回忆，“那个梦几乎从未实现过。”)”以及最后一段中“This experience made him hesitate in applying to MIT. But his father, remembering Gates’ early declaration, insisted. (这段经历让他对申请麻省理工学院犹豫不决。但他的父亲想起了盖茨早期的宣言，坚持要这样做)”可知，盖茨申请麻省理工学院是因为父亲对他早年梦想的坚持。故选B。
7、答案：D
解析：推理判断题。根据文章主要说明了Sylvester James Gates是美国物理学会现任主席。他出演了许多纪录片，并获得了无数奖项。文章讲述了他的出身家庭以及父亲对他上大学的影响。由此推知，我们能从这篇文章中学到：出身很重要，但教育更重要。故选D。
8、答案：C
解析：细节理解题。根据第二段中“New Zealand plans to provide aid for businesses to reduce emissions and have buses that run on environmentally safe fuel by 2035.(新西兰计划向企业提供援助，以减少排放，并在2035年前让公共汽车使用对环境无害的燃料。)”可知，新西兰政府计划为企业减排提供帮助。故选C。
9、答案：C
解析：细节理解题。根据第三段中“Prime Minister Jacinda Ardem said in a statement, “We’ve all seen the recent reports on sea level rise and its influence right here in New Zealand. We cannot leave the issue of climate change until it’s too late to fix.”(新西兰总理杰辛达·阿登在一份声明中说：“我们都看到了最近关于海平面上升及其对新西兰的影响的报道。我们不能放弃气候变化问题，否则为时已晚。”)”可知，Jacinda Ardem建议要立即解决环境变化问题，故选C。
10、答案：B
解析：推理判断题。根据倒数第二段中“Agriculture creates more than half of the nation’s total greenhouse gas emissions. But it is also important to the economy as the nation’s biggest export earner.(农业排放的温室气体占全国总排放量的一半以上。但它作为美国最大的出口收入来源，对经济也很重要。)”可推知，农业在国民经济中起着至关重要的作用。故选B。
11、答案：D
解析：推理判断题。根据最后一段中“David Seymour is the leader of New Zealand’s ACT political party. He said that some of the announced programs were proven to be ineffective and had been tried and failed overseas. (David Seymour是新西兰ACT政党的领导人。他说，已经宣布的一些项目被证明是无效的，在海外已经尝试过，但失败了。)”可推知，David Seymour对这些项目持怀疑的态度，故选D。
12、答案：B
解析：词句猜测题。根据第一段“Natural silence — the kind when you hear nothing but the sound of nature around you—is becoming increasingly scarce. The noise of man-made can be heard even in the remote corners of national parks and deep in the Arctic Ocean.(自然的寂静——你只能听到周围大自然的声音——正变得越来越scarce。即使在国家公园的偏远角落和北冰洋深处，也能听到人造的噪音)”可知，人造的噪音越来越多，而自然的寂静变得越来越少了。由此可知，划线词scarce与rare“少见的，不常发生的”意思接近。故选B。
13、答案：C
解析：主旨大意题。根据第二段“This is having some troubling effects. In humans, noise pollution has been linked to physical, mental health problems and cognitive impairment (认知功能障碍) in children. In wildlife, it’s disturbing navigation, pairing, communication and can cause hearing loss.“We’re losing the ability to listen to nature without noise pollution,” says sound recordist Matt Mikkelsen. He’s part of the non-profit organization Quiet Parks International, which aims to identify and preserve the planet’s last quiet places.(这产生了一些令人不安的影响。对人类而言，噪音污染与儿童的身心健康问题和认知障碍有关。在野生动物中，它会干扰导航、配对、交流，并可能导致听力损失。“我们正在失去在没有噪音污染的情况下聆听大自然的能力，”录音师马特·米克尔森说。他是非营利组织“国际安静公园”的一员，该组织旨在识别和保护地球上最后的安静之地)”可知，第二段主要讲述了噪音污染的有害影响。故选C。
14、答案：A
解析：细节理解题。根据第三段“The team will analyze the sound recordings from each location and consider them alongside other data.(研究小组将分析每个地点的录音，并将其与其他数据一起考虑)”可知，马特团队将分析录音。故选A。
15、答案：D
解析：推理判断题。根据第一段“Natural silence — the kind when you hear nothing but the sound of nature around you—is becoming increasingly scarce. The noise of man-made can be heard even in the remote corners of national parks and deep in the Arctic Ocean.(自然的寂静——你只能听到周围大自然的声音——正变得越来越稀少。即使在国家公园的偏远角落和北冰洋深处，也能听到人造的噪音)”及下文介绍可知，文章主要讲述了自然寂静越来越稀少，世界变得越来越吵这一现象。由此推知，这篇文章可能摘自一篇科学报告。故选D。
16、答案：①-⑤CFADB
解析：这是一篇说明文。文章主要论述了一些徒步旅行的好处。
①根据上文“I’m a hiker — “born to hike”. It does my heart and soul good to take a pack and head out on a trail (小路), especially when I’m alone and can let my mind wander where it will.(我是一名徒步旅行者——“生来就是为徒步而生的”。带着背包去远足对我的身心都有好处，尤其是当我一个人的时候，我可以让我的思想在任何地方漫游)”以及后文“Hiking keeps your brain sharper than many other forms of exercise.(徒步旅行比许多其他形式的运动都能让你的大脑更敏锐)”可知，本句总起下文，指出徒步旅行具有好处。故C选项“以下是徒步旅行的好处”符合语境，故选C。
②根据上文“Hiking keeps your brain sharper than many other forms of exercise. As a professional writer, although I am busy with my work, I often spare some time to hike.(徒步旅行比许多其他形式的运动都能让你的大脑更敏锐。作为一名职业作家，虽然我工作很忙，但我经常抽出时间去远足)”可知，本句为本段最后一句，承接上文说明徒步旅行带给作者的好处。故F选项“它不仅让我感觉很好，而且还帮助我保持大脑处于最佳状态”符合语境，故选F。
③根据后文“Exercise in general can be a good way to decrease stress. But what sets hiking apart from other forms of exercise is that hiking can happen almost anywhere and give you the happiness that you can take from nature.(总的来说，锻炼是减轻压力的好方法。但徒步旅行与其他形式的运动不同之处在于，徒步旅行几乎可以在任何地方进行，并能给你从大自然中获得的快乐)”可知，本段的主旨是徒步可以带来快乐。故A选项“徒步旅行能让你保持冷静和快乐”符合语境，故选A。
④根据上文“Hiking can increase our creativity. I’m sure I’m not alone in finding that walks in nature let my mind wander freely in creative directions.(徒步旅行可以增加我们的创造力。我相信我不是唯一一个发现在大自然中散步可以让我的思想自由地朝着创造性的方向漫游的人)”以及后文“Sometimes, ideas relevant to music come up from unconscious places when I’m not deliberately thinking.(有时，与音乐相关的想法会在我没有刻意思考的时候从无意识的地方冒出来)”可知，本句具体举例说明徒步旅行让作者有了音乐方面的启发。故D选项“事实上，我的很多歌都是在徒步旅行时写的”符合语境，故选D。
⑤根据后文“For example, it increases our connection to nature. As one study suggests, when we have a personal connection to nature, we are more likely to want to protect it.(例如，它增加了我们与自然的联系。正如一项研究表明的那样，当我们与自然有个人联系时，我们更有可能想要保护它)”可知，本句是在说明徒步让我们与自然有了关联，从而想要保护它，对地球有益。故B选项“除此之外，徒步旅行间接地有益于我们的星球”符合语境，故选B。
17、答案：C
解析：考查名词词义辨析。句意：人们说:“你的发现多么伟大啊！” A. decision决定；B. schedule计划、进度表；C. discovery发现；D. statement声明、报告。根据下文的“You have discovered new ____3____ beyond the seas”可知，此处指哥伦布发现了新大陆，所以是指“你的发现多么伟大”，discovery符合语境。故选C项。
18、答案：B
解析：考查形容词词义辨析。句意：然而，在场的几个人都很羡慕他。他们开始试图让哥伦布感到不舒服。A. unhurt没有受伤的；B. uncomfortable感到不舒服的、身体不适的；C. unfortunate不幸的；D. unafraid不怕的、无畏的。根据后面“but what of that Anybody can ____4____ across the ocean and anybody can coast along the islands on the other side.”可知，这些人是在说一些哥伦布的酸话，这些话会令人不舒服，uncomfortable符合语境。故选B项。
19、答案：C
解析：考查名词词义辨析。句意：“你在海洋之外发现了新大陆，”他们说。A. substances物质；B. oceans海洋；C. lands陆地；D. treasures珍宝。根据常识可知，哥伦布发现了新大陆，lands符合语境。故选C项。
20、答案：A
解析：考查动词词义辨析。句意：任何人都可以横渡大洋，任何人都可以沿着大洋另一边的岛屿航行。A. sail航行；B. run跑步、经营；C. walk行走；D. hike徒步旅行、远足。根据后面的“across the ocean”可知，此处指横渡大洋，sail符合语境。故选A项。
21、答案：D
解析：考查形容词词义辨析。句意：这是世界上最简单的事情。你要做的就是向西航行。A. greatest最好的；B. worst最糟的；C. hardest最难的；D. simplest最简单的。根据后面的“All you need to do is sail west. That’s not a(n) ____6____ feat(功绩).”可知，他们觉得只需要向西航行就行，所以是最简单的事，simplest符合语境。故选D项。
22、答案：C
解析：考查形容词词义辨析。句意：这并不是什么了不起的成就。A. small小的；B. useless无用的；C. remarkable引人注目的、非凡的；D. ordinary普通的、平常的。根据“All you need to do is sail west. That’s not a(n) ____6____ feat(功绩).”可知这些人觉得只需要向西航行就可以发现新大陆，所以并不是什么“了不起”的成就，remarkable符合语境。故选C项。
23、答案：B
解析：考查名词词义辨析。句意：哥伦布没有回答，但过了一会儿，他从盘子里拿了一个鸡蛋，对大家说:“先生们，你们中间谁能把这个鸡蛋立起来 ”A. apology道歉；B. answer回答、答复；C. mistake错误；D. secret秘密。根据上文别人说的话可知，此处指哥伦布没有作出回答，answer符合语境。故选B项。
24、答案：D
解析：考查动词词义辨析。句意：哥伦布没有回答，但过了一会儿，他从盘子里拿了一个鸡蛋，对大家说:“先生们，你们中间谁能把这个鸡蛋立起来 ”A. roll翻滚、滚动；B. sit坐下、就坐；C. fall跌倒、降落；D. stand站立、直立。根据下文“After that, there was no ____14____ in making it stand upright.”可知，此处是在问谁能把鸡蛋立起来，stand符合语境。故选D项。
25、答案：A
解析：考查名词词义辨析。句意：只有魔法师才能做到这一点。A. magician魔术师、魔法师；B. sailor水手、船员；C. planner计划者、规划者；D. doctor医生。根据前面的“That’s impossible”可知，大家都觉得不可能做到，所以此处指只有魔法师才可以做到，magician符合语境。故选A项。
26、答案：C
解析：考查动词词义辨析。句意：坐在桌子旁的人一个接一个地尝试这个实验。A. evaluated评估；B. finished结束；C. tried尝试；D. designed设计。根据“One by one, those at the table ____10____ the experiment.”可知，此处指一个又一个人尝试了这个实验，tried符合语境。故选C项。
27、答案：B
解析：考查短语辨析。句意：最后，他们谁也没有成功。A. Above all首先、最重要的的；B. At last最后；C. For instance例如；D. In addition另外、此外。根据后面的“none of them succeeded.”可知，试到最后，一个也没成功，at last符合语境。故选B项。
28、答案：A
解析：考查副词词义辨析。句意：短暂的沉默之后，哥伦布拿起鸡蛋，把它的小端轻轻地敲在桌子上，以便把蛋壳打碎一点。A. gently文静地、温柔地、轻轻地；B. helplessly无助地；C. heavily在很大程度上、大量地；D. critically严重地、很大程度上。根据后面的“so as to ____13____ the shell(壳)a little”可知，哥伦布要把鸡蛋小的那一端打碎一点点，所以是轻轻地敲在桌子上，gently符合语境。故选A项。
29、答案：D
解析：考查动词词义辨析。句意：短暂的沉默之后，哥伦布拿起鸡蛋，把它的小端轻轻地敲在桌子上，以便把蛋壳打碎一点。A. find找到、找回；B. change改变、变化；C. hide隐藏；D. break打破、打碎。根据“Columbus took the egg and struck its small end ____12____ upon the table ”可知，哥伦布把鸡蛋小的一端轻轻在桌子上敲一下，是为了把蛋壳打碎一点点，break符合语境。故选D项。
30、答案：A
解析：考查名词词义辨析。句意：那样后，把它立起来就不费事了。A. trouble困难、麻烦；B. instruction指示、指导；C. reaction反应；D. point观点、见解。根据“there was no ____14____ in making it stand upright.”可知，把鸡蛋小的一端的蛋壳敲碎一点点，立起来就不费劲了，此处trouble符合语境。故选A项。
31、答案：B
解析：考查动词词义辨析。句意：任何人都能做到——只要有人教过他怎么做!A. HIT击打、袭击；B. SHOWN表明、表露；C. EXPLODED爆炸；D. SET设立。根据“Anybody can do it—AFTER HE HAS BEEN ____15____ HOW!”可知，此处指每个人都能做，只要有人教过他，此处shown符合语境。故选B项。
32、答案：①our②activities③to④fairly⑤appreciation⑥or⑦are given⑧why⑨to connect/to be connected⑩best
解析：这是一篇说明文。文章介绍了送礼的历史及意义。
①考查形容词性物主代词。句意：作为人类，我们是社会动物，喜欢彼此的陪伴，并通过赠送礼物来表达我们的感情。分析句子可知，设空处在句中限定后面的名词feelings，此处应用形容词性物主代词；we的形容词性物主代词为our，表示“我们的”。故填our。
②考查名词。句意：赠送礼物可能是人类文明之前最古老的活动之一，可以追溯到我们这个物种的起源。分析句子可知，设空处在句中宾语，应用名词；结合前面的one of可知，此处应用复数名词。故填activities。
③考查固定搭配。句意：赠送礼物可能是人类文明之前最古老的活动之一，可以追溯到我们这个物种的起源。date back to为固定搭配，表示“追溯到”。故填to。
④考查副词。句意：即使在原始洞穴文化中，赠送礼物也是相当普遍的，因为它被用来表达对彼此的爱和感情。分析句子可知，设空处在句中修饰形容词common，作状语，应用副词；fair的副词形式为fairly，表示“相当地”。故填fairly。
⑤考查名词。句意：赠送礼物也被推断为一种地位的象征，部落的领导人会对那些为重要成就做出贡献的人表示感谢。分析句子可知，设空处在句中作宾语，应用名词；结合句意可知，此处指“表示感激”，appreciate的名词形式为appreciation。故填appreciation。
⑥考查并列连词。句意：无论礼物是形状奇特的岩石、动物的牙齿、树皮还是其他天然的东西，在先进文明出现之前，赠送礼物肯定是一种普遍的行为。分析句子可知，设空处后面的some other item that was natural in origin与前面的an unusually shaped rock, a tooth from an animal, the bark from a tree为并列结构，故此处应用并列连词；结合前面的whether可知，此处表选择，应用or。故填or。
⑦考查动词时态语态。句意：我们会把礼物送给家人、朋友、同事，甚至邻居，他们会收到各种各样的礼物。分析句子可知，设空处在句中作谓语，应用动词；主语为gifts，与give之间为被动关系，应用被动语态be done结构；结合上下文动词时态可知，此处表示一般陈述，应用一般现在时的被动语态，主语为复数形式，故谓语动词也用复数形式。故填are given。
⑧考查宾语从句。句意：为什么送礼物如此有益的心理学原理很简单：它能让人们建立联系。分析句子可知，设空处位于介词of后，在句中引导一个从句，这是一个宾语从句，从句中不缺主干成分，结合句意可知，此处表示“为什么送礼物如此有益”，设空处在从句中作原因状语，应用why引导。故填why。
⑨考查非谓语动词。句意：为什么送礼物如此有益的心理学原理很简单：它能让人们建立联系。分析句子可知，句中已有谓语动词，设空处只能填非谓语动词形式；结合前面的allow可知，allow sb to do sth为固定搭配，表示“允许某人做某事”，设空处应用to do不定式，故可用to connect。人与人之间的联系是双向的，也可以是被联系，故也可用to be connected。故填to connect或to be connected。
⑩考查形容词最高级。句意：这种感觉能启迪我们的灵魂，激发出我们最好的一面。根据设空处前面的定冠词the和后面的in可知，此处指“我们最好的一面”，应用形容词最高级。故填best。
33、答案：
Dear Mariam,
I'm Li Hua from your English poetry class. I'm writing to ask for your help. The annual English Poetry Writing Competition will be held next month. However,it's a struggle for us to decide on the theme and the style. I know you have a very busy schedule, but I'd be very grateful if you could give us some practical guidance. Meanwhile, we'd like to invite you to be our judge.
If possible,shall we meet in your office at 4'o clock tomorrow afternoon Looking forward to your early reply.
Yours,
Li Hua
解析：本篇书面表达属于应用文，假定你是李华，正负责筹备学校年度英语诗歌创作大赛。你想去找外教Mariam咨询关于诗歌主题等相关的事情，但是发现Mariam不在办公室，请你给她写一封邮件。内容包括：找她的原因；约定见面的时间、地点。
1.词汇积累
竞赛：competition→contest
计划：schedule→plan
感激的：grateful→thankful
同时：Meanwhile→At the same time
2.句式拓展
简单句变复合句
原句：The annual English Poetry Writing Competition will be held next month.
拓展句：The annual English Poetry Writing Competition of which I am in charge will be held next month.
[高分句型1] I know you have a very busy schedule, but I’d be very grateful if you could give us some practical guidance. (运用了if引导的条件状语从句)
[高分句型2] However, it’s a struggle for us to decide on the theme and the style (运用了不定式作主语，it是形式主语)
34、答案：
Terrified, I slowly kept walking, saying, "Come on, good dogs!”Suddenly, one dog dashed up towards me, sinking his teeth into my leg."Oh,my God,I'm in a dog's mouth and he's trying to swallow me,"I thought to myself,with the pain taking my breath away as I felt his teeth in my flesh.I picked up a rock to fight him off, but was nervous that he would go for my neck or that the other one would come to attack me together. Facing these two aggressive dogs,I desperately felt at a loss.Hardly could I step out of the trouble on my own.
Just at this critical moment, a pickup appeared, driven by the ranger: Seeing the state I was in, he immediately stopped his pickup, opened the door, and signaled to me to get in. When we reached the base, he helped me bandage the leg up, earnestly reminding me that safety comes first while travelling. I felt relieved and grateful. And from then on, I travel carefully as well as cautiously. After all, nothing is more precious than life.
解析：本文以人物为线索展开，讲述了作者背包旅行时，计划爬一座叫巴鲁火山的火山。结果在爬山途中，遇到了两只凶猛狗，被咬伤了腿。幸亏得到了护林员的帮助，把作者带回了基地，进行了包扎。
1.段落续写：
①由第一段首句内容“我吓坏了，慢慢地走着，说：‘来吧，好狗!’”可知，第一段可描写作者被狗咬伤的经过。
②由第二段首句内容“就在这个关键时刻，一辆皮卡出现了，是护林员开的。”可知，第二段可描写作者得救的经过。
2.续写线索：被咬——绝望——皮卡出现——得救——回基地——感悟
3.词汇激活
行为类
猛冲：dash up/rush to
到达：reach/arrive at
出现：appear/emerge
情绪类
茫然：feel at a loss / be lost
宝贵：precious /valuable
[高分句型1] Hardly could I step out of the trouble on my own. (运用了部分倒装)
[高分句型2] Facing these two aggressive dogs, I desperately felt at a loss. (运用了现在分词作状语)
转载请注明出处高中试卷答案网 » 湖南省长沙市2023届高三上学期新高考适应性考试英语试卷（含解析）