高中试卷答案网2022—2023学年度高二年级第二学期教学质量调研(二)
英语试题
注意事项：
1. 答卷前，考生务必将自己的姓名、准考证号填写在答题卡上。
2. 回答选择题时，选出每小题答案后，用铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑。如需改动。用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案标号。回答非选择题时，将答案写在答题卡上指定位置，在其他位置作答一律无效。
3. 本卷满分为150分，考试时间为120分钟。考试结束后，将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。
第一部分 听力(共两节，满分30分)
做题时，先将答案标在试卷上。录音内容结束后，你将有两分钟的时间将试卷上的答案转涂到答题卡上。
第一节(共5小题;每小题1.5分，满分7.5分)
听下面5段对话，每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。
1. Why does the man need a haircut
A. To attend a wedding.
B. To look good at work.
C. To meet the woman’s parents.
2. Who will the speakers invite to the game
A. Sandy. B. Don. C. Tom.
3. What are the speakers talking about
A. An actress. B. An author. C. A movie director.
4 Where are the speakers
A. In a classroom. B. At a hospital. C. On a football field.
5. What does the woman suggest the man do
A. Travel within his country.
B. Avoid traveling by air.
C. Make good travel plans.
第二节(共15小题;每小题1.5分，满分22.5分)
听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟;听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。
听第6段材料，回答第6、7题。
6. When is the computer club scheduled this year
A. On Monday nights. B. On Tuesday nights. C. On Wednesday nights.
7. What does the man need to focus on this year
A. Friendship. B. University applications. C. Club activities.
听第7段材料，回答第8至9题。
8. What does Ryan want to do
A. Walk to school with his friends.
B. Take a walk with the woman.
C. Talk to his father.
9. How does the woman feel about Ryan’s idea
A Doubtful. B. Supportive. C. Impatient.
听第8段材料，回答第10至12题。
10. What type of drink does the man prefer
A. A cold juice. B. A hot coffee. C. A sugar-free tea.
11. What does the woman want to watch first
A. A football game. B. A speech. C. A movie.
12. What will the man do next
A. Look for an empty table. B. Call his parents. C. Wait in line.
听第9段材料，回答第13至16题。
13. What is the probable relationship between the speakers
A. Parent and child.
B Brother and sister.
C. Shop keeper and customer.
14. Why does the woman want to buy the new phone
A. Its Internet connection is better.
B. Its camera is very powerful.
C. Its battery lasts longer.
I5. What is the woman’s hobby
A. Taking photos of birds. B. Trying new technologies. C. Visiting museums.
16. How does the man suggest the woman get the phone
A. By asking her mother to buy it.
B. By waiting until the price drops.
C. By making money on her own.
听第10段材料，回答第17至20题。
17. Which festival is coming up
A. Easter. B. Christmas. C. Thanksgiving.
18. When did the speaker begin teaching at the high school
A. At the age of 23. B. At the age of 32. C. At the age of 33.
19. What hobby has the speaker taken up recently
A. Painting. B. French. C. Gardening.
20. What happened to the speaker in June
A. Her son got married.
B. Her grandchild was born.
C. Her family celebrated her birthday.
第二部分 阅读(共两节，满分50分)
第一节(共15小题;每题2.5分，满分37.5分)
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。
A
When the May bank holiday weekend is around the corner, you may be finding yourself thinking of ideas to keep the kids entertained or simply to make the most of the extra day. Luckily, we’ve got you a guide to some of the top things to do in the UK this weekend.
Climb The 02
The 02 is a multi-purpose indoor arena (体育馆) in London. One of its great attractions is the world-famous roof. You can take an amazing outdoor climb over it. Upon reaching the top, climbers will be rewarded with amazing 360-degree views across the city. You can choose from daytime, sunset or twilight climbs. Reserve your seats before availability as they are limited.
Search for a National Trust site
The National Trust is a charity and membership organization. Although its focus may vary by region, the basic role is to preserve historically significant items and areas of natural beauty. Exploring new National Trust sites can be a fun way to do something different, whether they’re attractive gardens or ancient forests. To give you a helping hand, the National Trust actually has a guide that collects the best events to enjoy in spring.
Explore the soul of Madrid
Madrí Excepcional, the Mediterranean-style beer, will serve up the soul of Madrid in London this bank holiday weekend, in celebration of the food, art, and music to be found in both the Spanish and English capitals. London Bridge’s Vinegar Yard will play host to the special event including performances by famous singers, and original artwork that will be a feast for the eyes.
Go and see a West End show
Wanting a trip to London’s West End to catch a show There are impressive performances on at the moment including Frozen, Mamma Mia! Back to the Future, Come from Away and other musical films. Tickets for these great performances have theatre deals and discounts.
1. What should tourists do to visit The 02
A. Take an outdoor climb. B. Leave the roof at sunset.
C. Book tickets in advance. D. Limit your visiting time.
2 What is special about the National Trust
A. It is a profitable organization.
B. It holds different events at a fixed place.
C. It is famous for its garden and forest scenery.
D. It aims to protect natural and cultural heritage.
3. What do the last two activities have in common
A. Famous artists are invited. B. Amazing music is offered.
C. Snacks are served for free. D. Visitors are given a discount.
B
When I was seven, the television in my home broke. My parents decided not to replace it. At the time I felt this was terrible, but now I know that it was, in fact, quite the opposite. Without nightly television shows to gnaw away at (吞噬) my time, I started to read. I found myself drawn into worlds far richer than any television could convey: Narnia, Middle-earth, Earthsea, Redwall, Hogwarts. Every evening I experienced new adventures together with book characters.
As I grew older, I found one of the best ways to feed my desire for adventure was through travel. In 2007, I travelled to a place where people’s life was completely different from mine. There I saw children sleep under tarps (防水油布) and struggle to find a bite to eat. Many of them went shoeless. I also saw older children care for their younger sisters and brothers, and that neighbors were selfless with their limited resources, sharing food and water for showering.
My experience with the children stayed with me long after I returned home. It forever changed the way I examined the world and eventually inspired the storyline of one of The Walled City’s characters, Jin Ling — a homeless girl who sleeps under a tarp and sacrifices everything to search for her lost sister. There are similar things that tie us all together and go beyond language and culture. No mater where you go - in this world, or inside the world of fiction you’ll find that al people share some of the deepest experiences: suffering and love, desperation and hope. Reading books and travelling to faraway places opened my eyes to this reality, and writing helped me make sense of it. It’s my hope that The Walled City will begin this cycle anew. That somewhere, a reader will shut my book with a hunger in their heart, and start a passport stamp collection of their own.
4. What does the author mainly tell us in paragraph 1
A. His favorite work of fiction.
B. An unforgettable experience.
C. Why he seldom watched TV.
D. How he fell in love with reading.
5. What do we know about the place mentioned in paragraph 2
A. It lacked water due to droughts.
B. It was full of love and kindness.
C. It was not suitable for adventure.
D. It offered kids a carefree childhood.
6. What did the author do after he returned home
A. He worked on a book.
B. He helped a homeless girl.
C. He studied literature about the place.
D. He decided to travel around the world.
7. What does the underlined phrase “this reality” in the last paragraph refer to
A. Language and culture. B. The world of fiction.
C. People’s similar experiences. D. Reading and traveling.
C
Companies use more and more data to improve how artificial intelligence (AI) recognizes images, learns languages and carries out other complex tasks. However, unlike the human brain, when AI learns something new, it tends to forget information it’s already learned. A recent study wants to find out a way to help AI take in new data like the human brain, helping Al keep learning over time.
“Our brains can continuously learn throughout our lives. We’ve created an artificial platform for machines to learn throughout their lives,” said Shriram Ramanathan, a professor at Purdue University.
Unlike the human brain, which constantly forms new connections between nerve cells to enable learning, the circuits (线路) on a computer chip don’t change. A circuit that a machine has been using for years isn’t any different from the circuit that was originally built for the machine in a factory. “If we want to build a computer or a machine that is inspired by the brain, we must make it have the ability to continuously program,” Ramanathan said.
In their study, Ramanathan and his team built a new piece of hardware that can be reprogrammed on demand. The hardware is a small device made of a special material, which is very sensitive to hydrogen. Applying electrical pulses (电子脉冲) at different voltages (电压) allows the device to shake a concentration of hydrogen ions (离子) in matter of nanoseconds (a unit for measuring time), creating states that the researchers found could be mapped out to correspond to functions of the brain. When the device has more hydrogen near its center, it can act as a single nerve cell. With less hydrogen at that location, the device serves as a synapse (突触), a connection between nerve cells, which is what the brain uses to store memory in complex neural circuits.
Through experiments, the researchers showed that the internal physics of this device creates a dynamic structure for an artificial neural network. As new problems are presented, a dynamic network can “pick and choose” circuits that are the fittest to address problems.
The researchers are working to demonstrate these concepts on large-scale test chips that would be used to build a brain-inspired computer.
8. What is the purpose of the new study
A. To help AI cope with complex tasks.
B. To help AI work like the human brain.
C. To enable AI to follow the instructions better.
D. To find ways to explore human’s learning ability.
9. What mainly influences Al’s learning ability
A. Its changing connection. B. Its limited storage capacity.
C. Its fixed chip circuit. D. Its random data input.
10. What is mainly talked about in the forth paragraph
A. The feature of the device. B. The difficulties of the study.
C. The influence of the hardware. D. The background of the research.
11. What is the author’s purpose in writing the text
A. To introduce a new advance in AI.
B. To show the promising future of AI.
C. To explore the mystery of human brains.
D. To explain the limitations of current computer systems.
D
The streets of London are infamously colorful, and even more so now that some local authorities have decided to dress up pedestrian crossings in colors or other equally bright designs. Some of these “colorful crossings” are created by councils around the UK with more than just aesthetics (美学) in mind, focusing instead on preventing pedestrian casualties (伤亡人员).
Two cities in England that have just finished a pilot experiment are Liverpool and Hull. Before the experiment, the former had 99 adult pedestrian deaths or serious injuries per 100,000 people in 2019, making it the worst place in the UK that year, while in Hull 44 pedestrian casualties per 100,000 people were recorded.
“We call these colorful crossings a push because in an urban environment, pedestrians have a choice about where they cross the road,” says Dr. Holly Hope Smith, the consultant working on the two trials. “We’re trying to enhance a crossing that’s already there so that people are more likely to use it”
While Dr. Holy Hope Smith said that there had been little in terms of international research into colorful crossings, in 2004, research from Australian academics concluded that colored surfaces of crossings had a positive effect on pedestrian safety with regard to the number of crashes and the severity of injuries suffered by pedestrians. They recommended that they be applied in “busy” and “complex” pedestrian environments. More recently, a 2017 report by Better Bankside about artwork employed at crossings in London’s Southwark Street said, “Our work did make respondents use the crossing more, and 68% told us that the artwork made them experience more pleasure.”
Yet, bright colors aren’t for everyone. People suffering from autism (自闭症) have raised concerns over the nature of having several colors on a road, while guide dog owners have reported their assistance dogs being confused by the new road designs. “Colorful crossings can be really misleading for people with low vision and their guide dogs,” says Dr. Amy Kavanagh, a blind activist and campaigner. But Hope Smith doesn’t agree. “These crossings are placed to enhance existing pedestrian crossings. All the signals that are there for visually disadvantaged road users remain — the touch sensors, the audio signal for when the crossing is on — we haven’t touched them,” he says.
12. What do the figures in paragraph 2 show
A. Liverpool and Hull should try to improve their traffic system.
B. The populations of Liverpool and Hull had a significant decline.
C. Pedestrians in Liverpool and Hull suffered from road accidents.
D. The experiment in Liverpool and Hull was limited by many factors.
13. What does Dr. Holly Hope Smith try to do using colorful crossings
A. To comfort people suffering from autism.
B. To offer pedestrians more traveling choices.
C. To arouse people’s traffic safety awareness.
D. To encourage people to use crossings more.
14. What can we learn about colorful crossings around the UK
A. They have met with conflicting opinions.
B. They have been supported by dog owners.
C. They need to be improved further by designers.
D. They have effectively reduced pedestrian casualties.
15. What is the best title for the text
A. Can colorful crossings give us more pleasure
B. Will colorful crossings make our streets safer
C. Why are colorful crossings used around the UK
D How can colorful crossings influence pedestrians
第二节(共5小题;每小题2.5分，满分12.5分)
阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
Many people who enjoy reading and writing want to become book reviewers. ____16____ But most have at least a high school diploma and, in many cases, they have a college degree in literature or a related field. For professional book reviewers, an English or writing degree is also a popular choice.
It generally takes much patience to become a book reviewer. ____17____. Read as many book reviews as possible to get an idea of the tone and content of the reviews. And remember book reviews are a little different from book critiques. They are traditionally less formal compared with book critiques.
If you want to become a book reviewer, it’s necessary to determine what type of book you wish to review. Most book reviewers specialize in one specific type. ____18____ Whichever type you want to review, you should truly enjoy reading it and be relatively knowledgeable about common themes and plot methods.
____19____ Even if the reviews are never published, it’s important to have samples. Most editors won’t hire a reviewer without any sample pieces. It may be easier to start writing for a university newspaper or a local newspaper while you’re still in college. Another option is to write reviews and post them on a blog. Thus, you prepare yourself for becoming a book reviewer.
Most book reviewers are freelance (自由撰稿的) writers who are paid per piece. ____20____ In exchange, they will receive free books to review, sometimes ahead of their publication dates. It can be difficult to get started, as with any freelance writing career, but for someone who enjoys reading and writing about books, it is an excellent choice.
A. And the salary can be high.
B. And there are no specific educational requirements.
C. Some simply write book reviews on a voluntary basis.
D. Interestingly, there are different types of book reviewers.
E. It can be popular fiction, historical fiction or anything else.
F. It’s impossible to become a reviewer without writing some reviews.
G. And it’s important to learn much about book reviewing ahead of time.
第三部分 语言运用(共两节，满分30分)
第一节(共15小题;每小题1分，满分15分)
阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
It was a dream born in fire. Andrea Peterson was 5 when she and her mother were trapped on the ledge of a burning building.
“Throw the kid down!” said one of the firemen ____21____, and little Andrea leaped into lifesaving arms and a life-long ____22____:She wanted to fight fires.
She told that to the men who had saved her, and they ____23____ the way grown-ups do when a kid says they want to be an astronaut or a sports star.
“You’ll be a good mommy,” the firemen told her. “You’ll be a good teacher, maybe you’ll be a nurse, but you can never be a(n) ____24____.”
And then, as it ____25____ to do, life sidelined her dreams. She was studying for a(n) ____26____ in aviation(航空)technology and that’s where she met her husband, Dennis.
Dennis was diagnosed with cancer. Peterson spent 31 years caring for the man she loved, and when they both ____27____Dennis was coming to the end of his struggle, he was ____28____but worried for her: “But what are you going to do ”
“I’ll be fine,” she told him. At 61, she went on an ambulance ride-along. It turned out to be a life-and-death situation, and Peterson felt that ____29____ childhood calling. She ____30____her emergency medical technician license and responded to fire calls with the ambulance. She found that her years of tending to Dennis had ____31____her for dealing with the variety of hurts and ills carried in her rig.
After a year, she told her boss she wanted to be a firefighter. The fact that everyone else in her training unit was between 18 and 21 didn’t ____32____her. She passed the written test, she cleared the physical and, ____33____, that little girl’s dream became a reality.
Peterson is ____34____. She knows that the window on her physical abilities won’t stay open forever. Still, “I worry a little when I get too old...I did get my ____35____.”
21. A. beyond B. below C. outside D. above
22. A. ambition B. friendship C. memory D. fortune
23. A. awed B. comforted C. suspected D. laughed
24. A. firefighter B. astronaut C. lawyer D. professor
25. A. suits B. ceases C. tends D. proves
26. A. cooperation B. degree C. test D. exam
27. A. realized B. assessed C. voted D. pretended
28. A. in bed B. at fault C. at peace D. in despair
29. A. life-long B. old-style C. old-fashioned D. long-ago
30. A. pursued B. obtained C. suspended D. outlined
31. A. refreshed B. accounted C. prepared D. occupied
32. A. discourage B. qualify C. cheat D. privilege
33. A. actually B. finally C. gradually D. obviously
34. A. incredible B. humble C. realistic D. decent
35. A. mercy B. mode C. milestone D. dream
第二节(共10小题;每小题1.5分，满分15分)
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
What we post on social media reflects our emotions, ____36____ our joy when having a meal with friends, to our anger when complaining about traffic. Researchers from the Kyoto Institute of Technology, Japan, explored patterns in ____37____ (refer) to the emotions expressed in tweets (推文).
According to their paper ____38____ (publish) in February, researchers used nearly 2 million tweets made by more than 200000 people in London and San Francisco. They were able to identify when and where people expressed anger, fear, joy, sadness surprise, etc. A neural network, which ____39____ (be) a system that can complete a learning process, was used in the study. After learning about what emotions people expressed, the team matched them to key locations on a public platform Open Street Map.
The result showed that ____40____ most common emotion expressed was joy, with almost half of the tweets in the two cities ____41____ (express) this emotion. Anger was only expressed in about 3 percent of tweets. ____42____ (interesting), there were lower levels of anger on the weekend and Friday than during the middle of the week.
The study also found that certain locations matched different emotions. For example, tweets made in a train station ____43____ (associate) with less happiness and more disgust (反感), ____44____ tweets from a restaurant showed _____45_____ (high) levels of joy. The findings could be used in fields such as city planning and tourism.
第四部分 写作(共两节，满分40分)
第一节(满分15分)
46. 假如你是李华，上周三你校开展了以“我的职业规划”为主题的演讲比赛，请给校英文报写一篇报道。内容包括：
1. 时间地点;
2. 活动过程;
3. 活动感受。
注意：1、词数：80左右;
2、可以适当加入细节，以使行文流畅。
________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
第二节(满分25分)
47. 阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。
I still remember my first-ever vacation when I lived in Texas. It was a summer day in July. After finishing the spring semester at high school, my cousins and I had two months to rest, relax and go somewhere. A beach trip in the summer was always a good idea for us who lived far away from the beach. Hence, my cousins and I made a plan to go to Walton Beach in Florida on the fourth of July.
We were very excited about this trip because this was the first chance for us to go out of Texas. We prepared and packed up everything about three weeks before the day of departure. At 9 am on July 4th, we jumped on the train to Florida. We arrived at Walton Beach in the evening.
The second we got out of the train, I went to check in two rooms at the Marriott Hotel. My cousins went straight to the beach to find a place to go fishing. I stayed behind and got our things settled in since I don’t like fishing. After unpacking, I called a taxi to take me to them. The cool wind covered my body when I walked on the bridge where my cousins were fishing.
Not even one spoken word was made as I was standing there because they were completely absorbed in fishing. I didn’t even think they noticed me. I ended up leaving them behind because I started to get bored and went down to the beach. Suddenly, far from the beach, I heard someone yelling, “Help! Help me!” I looked around and determined that the sound was coming from about a half mile away from me. I saw something rising out of the surface. It looked like a person and she was about to sink into the water, fighting to stay up.
For a second, I really did not know what I should do instead of just standing transfixed (惊呆的). I wanted to save her but my consciousness did not allow me to do that because I did not know how to swim well at all.
注意：1. 续写词数应为150左右;
2. 请按如下格式作答。
However, only with a few seconds of hesitation, I made a choice.
________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
At that time, I felt the life jacket being taken away from me.
________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________2022—2023学年度高二年级第二学期教学质量调研(二)
英语试题
注意事项：
1. 答卷前，考生务必将自己的姓名、准考证号填写在答题卡上。
2. 回答选择题时，选出每小题答案后，用铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑。如需改动。用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案标号。回答非选择题时，将答案写在答题卡上指定位置，在其他位置作答一律无效。
3. 本卷满分为150分，考试时间为120分钟。考试结束后，将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。
第一部分 听力(共两节，满分30分)
做题时，先将答案标在试卷上。录音内容结束后，你将有两分钟的时间将试卷上的答案转涂到答题卡上。
第一节(共5小题;每小题1.5分，满分7.5分)
听下面5段对话，每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。
1. Why does the man need a haircut
A. To attend a wedding.
B. To look good at work.
C. To meet the woman’s parents.
2. Who will the speakers invite to the game
A. Sandy. B. Don. C. Tom.
3. What are the speakers talking about
A. An actress. B. An author. C. A movie director.
4. Where are the speakers
A. In a classroom. B. At a hospital. C. On a football field.
5. What does the woman suggest the man do
A. Travel within his country.
B. Avoid traveling by air.
C. Make good travel plans.
第二节(共15小题;每小题1.5分，满分22.5分)
听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟;听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。
听第6段材料，回答第6、7题。
6. When is the computer club scheduled this year
A. On Monday nights. B. On Tuesday nights. C. On Wednesday nights.
7. What does the man need to focus on this year
A. Friendship. B. University applications. C. Club activities.
听第7段材料，回答第8至9题。
8. What does Ryan want to do
A. Walk to school with his friends.
B. Take a walk with the woman.
C. Talk to his father.
9. How does the woman feel about Ryan’s idea
A. Doubtful. B. Supportive. C. Impatient.
听第8段材料，回答第10至12题。
10 What type of drink does the man prefer
A. A cold juice. B. A hot coffee. C. A sugar-free tea.
11. What does the woman want to watch first
A. A football game. B. A speech. C. A movie.
12. What will the man do next
A. Look for an empty table. B. Call his parents. C. Wait in line.
听第9段材料，回答第13至16题。
13. What is the probable relationship between the speakers
A. Parent and child.
B. Brother and sister.
C. Shop keeper and customer.
14. Why does the woman want to buy the new phone
A. Its Internet connection is better.
B. Its camera is very powerful.
C. Its battery lasts longer.
I5. What is the woman’s hobby
A. Taking photos of birds. B. Trying new technologies. C. Visiting museums.
16. How does the man suggest the woman get the phone
A. By asking her mother to buy it.
B. By waiting until the price drops.
C. By making money on her own.
听第10段材料，回答第17至20题。
17 Which festival is coming up
A. Easter. B. Christmas. C. Thanksgiving.
18. When did the speaker begin teaching at the high school
A. At the age of 23. B. At the age of 32. C. At the age of 33.
19. What hobby has the speaker taken up recently
A. Painting. B. French. C. Gardening.
20. What happened to the speaker in June
A. Her son got married.
B. Her grandchild was born.
C. Her family celebrated her birthday.
第二部分 阅读(共两节，满分50分)
第一节(共15小题;每题2.5分，满分37.5分)
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。
A
When the May bank holiday weekend is around the corner, you may be finding yourself thinking of ideas to keep the kids entertained or simply to make the most of the extra day. Luckily, we’ve got you a guide to some of the top things to do in the UK this weekend.
Climb The 02
The 02 is a multi-purpose indoor arena (体育馆) in London. One of its great attractions is the world-famous roof. You can take an amazing outdoor climb over it. Upon reaching the top, climbers will be rewarded with amazing 360-degree views across the city. You can choose from daytime, sunset or twilight climbs. Reserve your seats before availability as they are limited.
Search for a National Trust site
The National Trust is a charity and membership organization. Although its focus may vary by region, the basic role is to preserve historically significant items and areas of natural beauty. Exploring new National Trust sites can be a fun way to do something different, whether they’re attractive gardens or ancient forests. To give you a helping hand, the National Trust actually has a guide that collects the best events to enjoy in spring.
Explore the soul of Madrid
Madrí Excepcional, the Mediterranean-style beer, will serve up the soul of Madrid in London this bank holiday weekend, in celebration of the food, art, and music to be found in both the Spanish and English capitals. London Bridge’s Vinegar Yard will play host to the special event including performances by famous singers, and original artwork that will be a feast for the eyes.
Go and see a West End show
Wanting a trip to London’s West End to catch a show There are impressive performances on at the moment including Frozen, Mamma Mia! Back to the Future, Come from Away and other musical films. Tickets for these great performances have theatre deals and discounts.
1. What should tourists do to visit The 02
A. Take an outdoor climb. B. Leave the roof at sunset.
C. Book tickets in advance. D. Limit your visiting time.
2. What is special about the National Trust
A. It is a profitable organization.
B. It holds different events at a fixed place.
C. It is famous for its garden and forest scenery.
D. It aims to protect natural and cultural heritage.
3. What do the last two activities have in common
A. Famous artists are invited. B. Amazing music is offered.
C. Snacks are served for free. D. Visitors are given a discount.
【答案】1. C 2. D 3. B
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇应用文。文章主要介绍了四个本周末在英国举行的活动的情况。
【1题详解】
细节理解题。根据第二段“Reserve your seats before availability as they are limited.(座位有限，请提前预订)”可知，游客应该提前订票来参观02。故选C。
【2题详解】
细节理解题。根据第三段“Although its focus may vary by region, the basic role is to preserve historically significant items and areas of natural beauty.(虽然其重点可能因地区而异，但其基本作用是保护具有历史意义的物品和自然美景)”可知，国民信托的特别之处在于旨在保护自然和文化遗产。故选D。
【3题详解】
细节理解题。根据倒数第二段“London Bridge’s Vinegar Yard will play host to the special event including performances by famous singers, and original artwork that will be a feast for the eyes.(伦敦桥的醋场将举办特别的活动，包括著名歌手的表演，以及原创艺术品，这将是一场视觉盛宴)”以及最后一段“There are impressive performances on at the moment including Frozen, Mamma Mia! Back to the Future, Come from Away and other musical films.(现在有令人印象深刻的表演，包括《冰雪奇缘》、《妈妈咪呀！》《回到未来》、《来自远方》等歌舞片)”可知，最后两项活动的共同之处在于有很棒的音乐。故选B。
B
When I was seven, the television in my home broke. My parents decided not to replace it. At the time I felt this was terrible, but now I know that it was, in fact, quite the opposite. Without nightly television shows to gnaw away at (吞噬) my time, I started to read. I found myself drawn into worlds far richer than any television could convey: Narnia, Middle-earth, Earthsea, Redwall, Hogwarts. Every evening I experienced new adventures together with book characters.
As I grew older, I found one of the best ways to feed my desire for adventure was through travel. In 2007, I travelled to a place where people’s life was completely different from mine. There I saw children sleep under tarps (防水油布) and struggle to find a bite to eat. Many of them went shoeless. I also saw older children care for their younger sisters and brothers, and that neighbors were selfless with their limited resources, sharing food and water for showering.
My experience with the children stayed with me long after I returned home. It forever changed the way I examined the world and eventually inspired the storyline of one of The Walled City’s characters, Jin Ling — a homeless girl who sleeps under a tarp and sacrifices everything to search for her lost sister. There are similar things that tie us all together and go beyond language and culture. No mater where you go - in this world, or inside the world of fiction you’ll find that al people share some of the deepest experiences: suffering and love, desperation and hope. Reading books and travelling to faraway places opened my eyes to this reality, and writing helped me make sense of it. It’s my hope that The Walled City will begin this cycle anew. That somewhere, a reader will shut my book with a hunger in their heart, and start a passport stamp collection of their own.
4. What does the author mainly tell us in paragraph 1
A. His favorite work of fiction.
B. An unforgettable experience.
C. Why he seldom watched TV.
D. How he fell in love with reading.
5. What do we know about the place mentioned in paragraph 2
A. It lacked water due to droughts.
B. It was full of love and kindness.
C. It was not suitable for adventure.
D. It offered kids a carefree childhood.
6. What did the author do after he returned home
A. He worked on a book.
B. He helped a homeless girl.
C. He studied literature about the place.
D. He decided to travel around the world.
7. What does the underlined phrase “this reality” in the last paragraph refer to
A. Language and culture. B. The world of fiction.
C. People’s similar experiences. D. Reading and traveling.
【答案】4. D 5. B 6. A 7. C
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了作者如何从小爱看电视变成热爱阅读，并通过阅读和旅行认识到人们在世界各地都有相似的经历和情感，这启发了作者写作，并希望自己的作品能够启发读者去体验更多的人生经历和情感。其中，作者通过自己的旅行经历，将所见所闻转化为小说《围城》，并在小说中表现了人与人之间的深厚情感。
【4题详解】
主旨大意题。根据第一段中“When I was seven, the television in my home broke. My parents decided not to replace it. At the time I felt this was terrible, but now I know that it was, in fact, quite the opposite. Without nightly television shows to gnaw away at (吞噬) my time, I started to read. I found myself drawn into worlds far richer than any television could convey: Narnia, Middle-earth, Earthsea, Redwall, Hogwarts.(当我7岁的时候，我家的电视坏了。我的父母决定不再买新的。当时，我感到非常糟糕，但现在我知道这实际上是相反的。没有每晚的电视节目来消磨我的时间，我开始阅读。我发现自己被吸引进了远比电视更加丰富的世界：《纳尼亚传奇》，《中土世界》，《地海传说》，《红墙》，《霍格沃茨》)”可知，第一段中主要介绍了作者爱上读书的过程。故选D。
【5题详解】
细节理解题。根据第二段中“Many of them went shoeless. I also saw older children care for their younger sisters and brothers, and that neighbors were selfless with their limited resources, sharing food and water for showering.(他们中的许多人光着脚。我还看到大一点的孩子照顾他们的弟弟妹妹，邻居们在有限的资源下无私地与他们分享食物和洗澡的水)”可知，作者第二段中所提及的地方是邻居们互相帮助，无私地分享自己的食物和洗澡水，故这是一个充满善意和爱的地方。故选B。
【6题详解】
推理判断题。根据最后一段中“My experience with the children stayed with me long after I returned home. It forever changed the way I examined the world and eventually inspired the storyline of one of The Walled City’s characters, Jin Ling — a homeless girl who sleeps under a tarp and sacrifices everything to search for her lost sister. (我和孩子们在一起的经历在我回家后很长一段时间一直伴随着我。它永远地改变了我观察世界的方式，并最终启发了《围城》中一个角色金玲的故事情节——一个无家可归的女孩，她睡在防水布下，牺牲了一切来寻找她失去的妹妹)”可推知，在这次经历的影响下，作者回家之后开启了自己的创作生涯，创作了一本名为《围城》的书。故选A。
【7题详解】
词句猜测题。根据划线词前面的句子“There are similar things that tie us all together and go beyond language and culture. No matter where you go - in this world, or inside the world of fiction you’ll find that al people share some of the deepest experiences: suffering and love, desperation and hope. (有一些相似的东西将我们所有人联系在一起，超越了语言和文化。无论你走到哪里——在现实世界中，还是在小说的世界里，你都会发现所有的人都有一些最深刻的经历：痛苦和爱，绝望和希望)”可知，无论身在何处，一些相似的东西总是会让我人们联系在一起，这些东西就是所有的人都有一些最深刻的经历：痛苦和爱，绝望和希望，因此读书和去遥远的地方旅行开阔了作者在这些经历上的眼界。由此可知，划线“this reality”指代的是将人们联系在一起的相似经历：痛苦和爱，绝望和希望。故选C。
C
Companies use more and more data to improve how artificial intelligence (AI) recognizes images, learns languages and carries out other complex tasks. However, unlike the human brain, when AI learns something new, it tends to forget information it’s already learned. A recent study wants to find out a way to help AI take in new data like the human brain, helping Al keep learning over time.
“Our brains can continuously learn throughout our lives. We’ve created an artificial platform for machines to learn throughout their lives,” said Shriram Ramanathan, a professor at Purdue University.
Unlike the human brain, which constantly forms new connections between nerve cells to enable learning, the circuits (线路) on a computer chip don’t change. A circuit that a machine has been using for years isn’t any different from the circuit that was originally built for the machine in a factory. “If we want to build a computer or a machine that is inspired by the brain, we must make it have the ability to continuously program,” Ramanathan said.
In their study, Ramanathan and his team built a new piece of hardware that can be reprogrammed on demand. The hardware is a small device made of a special material, which is very sensitive to hydrogen. Applying electrical pulses (电子脉冲) at different voltages (电压) allows the device to shake a concentration of hydrogen ions (离子) in matter of nanoseconds (a unit for measuring time), creating states that the researchers found could be mapped out to correspond to functions of the brain. When the device has more hydrogen near its center, it can act as a single nerve cell. With less hydrogen at that location, the device serves as a synapse (突触), a connection between nerve cells, which is what the brain uses to store memory in complex neural circuits.
Through experiments, the researchers showed that the internal physics of this device creates a dynamic structure for an artificial neural network. As new problems are presented, a dynamic network can “pick and choose” circuits that are the fittest to address problems.
The researchers are working to demonstrate these concepts on large-scale test chips that would be used to build a brain-inspired computer.
8. What is the purpose of the new study
A. To help AI cope with complex tasks.
B. To help AI work like the human brain.
C. To enable AI to follow the instructions better.
D. To find ways to explore human’s learning ability.
9. What mainly influences Al’s learning ability
A. Its changing connection. B. Its limited storage capacity.
C. Its fixed chip circuit. D. Its random data input.
10. What is mainly talked about in the forth paragraph
A. The feature of the device. B. The difficulties of the study.
C. The influence of the hardware. D. The background of the research.
11. What is the author’s purpose in writing the text
A. To introduce a new advance in AI.
B. To show the promising future of AI.
C. To explore the mystery of human brains.
D. To explain the limitations of current computer systems.
【答案】8. B 9. C 10. A 11. A
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇新闻报道，主要讲的是最近的一项研究希望找到一种方法来帮助人工智能像人类大脑一样吸收新数据，帮助人工智能随着时间的推移不断学习。
【8题详解】
推理判断题。根据第一段的“A recent study wants to find out a way to help AI take in new data like the human brain, helping Al keep learning over time.(最近的一项研究希望找到一种方法来帮助人工智能像人类大脑一样吸收新数据，帮助人工智能随着时间的推移不断学习。)”可知，这项新研究的目的是帮助人工智能像人脑一样工作。故选B。
【9题详解】
细节理解题。根据第三段“Unlike the human brain, which constantly forms new connections between nerve cells to enable learning, the circuits (线路) on a computer chip don’t change.(人类的大脑不断地在神经细胞之间形成新的连接以实现学习，而计算机芯片上的电路不会改变。)”可知，影响人工智能学习能力的主要因素是其固定芯片电路。故选C。
【10题详解】
主旨大意题。根据第四段的“The hardware is a small device made of a special material, which is very sensitive to hydrogen. Applying electrical pulses (电子脉冲) at different voltages (电压) allows the device to shake a concentration of hydrogen ions (离子) in matter of nanoseconds (a unit for measuring time), creating states that the researchers found could be mapped out to correspond to functions of the brain. When the device has more hydrogen near its center, it can act as a single nerve cell. With less hydrogen at that location, the device serves as a synapse (突触), a connection between nerve cells, which is what the brain uses to store memory in complex neural circuits.(硬件是一个由一种特殊材料制成的小装置，这种材料对氢非常敏感。在不同电压下施加电脉冲，该装置可以在纳秒（一种测量时间的单位）内摇动氢离子浓度，创造出研究人员发现可以与大脑功能相对应的状态。当该装置的中心附近有更多的氢气时，它可以作为一个单一的神经细胞。由于该位置的氢气较少，该设备充当突触，连接神经细胞，大脑利用突触在复杂的神经回路中存储记忆。)”可知，第四段主要讲的是这个设备的特性。故选A。
【11题详解】
推理判断题。根据第一段的“A recent study wants to find out a way to help AI take in new data like the human brain, helping Al keep learning over time.(最近的一项研究希望找到一种方法来帮助人工智能像人类大脑一样吸收新数据，帮助人工智能随着时间的推移不断学习。)”可知，本文主要讲的是最近的一项研究希望找到一种方法来帮助人工智能像人类大脑一样吸收新数据，帮助人工智能随着时间的推移不断学习，因此本文的目的是介绍人工智能的一种进步，故选A。
D
The streets of London are infamously colorful, and even more so now that some local authorities have decided to dress up pedestrian crossings in colors or other equally bright designs. Some of these “colorful crossings” are created by councils around the UK with more than just aesthetics (美学) in mind, focusing instead on preventing pedestrian casualties (伤亡人员).
Two cities in England that have just finished a pilot experiment are Liverpool and Hull. Before the experiment, the former had 99 adult pedestrian deaths or serious injuries per 100,000 people in 2019, making it the worst place in the UK that year, while in Hull 44 pedestrian casualties per 100,000 people were recorded.
“We call these colorful crossings a push because in an urban environment, pedestrians have a choice about where they cross the road,” says Dr. Holly Hope Smith, the consultant working on the two trials. “We’re trying to enhance a crossing that’s already there so that people are more likely to use it”
While Dr. Holy Hope Smith said that there had been little in terms of international research into colorful crossings, in 2004, research from Australian academics concluded that colored surfaces of crossings had a positive effect on pedestrian safety with regard to the number of crashes and the severity of injuries suffered by pedestrians. They recommended that they be applied in “busy” and “complex” pedestrian environments. More recently, a 2017 report by Better Bankside about artwork employed at crossings in London’s Southwark Street said, “Our work did make respondents use the crossing more, and 68% told us that the artwork made them experience more pleasure.”
Yet, bright colors aren’t for everyone. People suffering from autism (自闭症) have raised concerns over the nature of having several colors on a road, while guide dog owners have reported their assistance dogs being confused by the new road designs. “Colorful crossings can be really misleading for people with low vision and their guide dogs,” says Dr. Amy Kavanagh, a blind activist and campaigner. But Hope Smith doesn’t agree. “These crossings are placed to enhance existing pedestrian crossings. All the signals that are there for visually disadvantaged road users remain — the touch sensors, the audio signal for when the crossing is on — we haven’t touched them,” he says.
12. What do the figures in paragraph 2 show
A. Liverpool and Hull should try to improve their traffic system.
B. The populations of Liverpool and Hull had a significant decline.
C. Pedestrians in Liverpool and Hull suffered from road accidents.
D. The experiment in Liverpool and Hull was limited by many factors.
13. What does Dr. Holly Hope Smith try to do using colorful crossings
A. To comfort people suffering from autism.
B. To offer pedestrians more traveling choices.
C. To arouse people’s traffic safety awareness.
D. To encourage people to use crossings more.
14. What can we learn about colorful crossings around the UK
A. They have met with conflicting opinions.
B. They have been supported by dog owners.
C. They need to be improved further by designers.
D. They have effectively reduced pedestrian casualties.
15. What is the best title for the text
A. Can colorful crossings give us more pleasure
B. Will colorful crossings make our streets safer
C. Why are colorful crossings used around the UK
D. How can colorful crossings influence pedestrians
【答案】12. C 13. D 14. A 15. B
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了英国一些城市在人行横道上采用彩色和鲜艳设计的措施，旨在提高行人的安全，减少交通事故的发生。虽然这样的彩色人行横道在某些地方取得了积极效果，但也引起了一些争议，例如对自闭症患者和导盲犬使用者来说，彩色横道可能会带来困扰。
【12题详解】
细节理解题。根据第二段中“Before the experiment, the former had 99 adult pedestrian deaths or serious injuries per 100,000 people in 2019, making it the worst place in the UK that year, while in Hull 44 pedestrian casualties per 100,000 people were recorded.(在实验之前，Liverpool在2019年每10万人中有99名成年行人死亡或重伤，使其成为当年英国最糟糕的地方，而在Hull，每10万人中有44名行人伤亡。)”可知，第二段中的数字表明英国一些城市在人行横道上采用彩色和鲜艳设计的措施之前，在英国的利物浦和赫尔两座城市中行人遭受交通事故死伤情况严重。故选C。
【13题详解】
细节理解题。根据第三段中““We’re trying to enhance a crossing that’s already there so that people are more likely to use it”(“我们正在努力改善已经存在的十字路口，这样人们就更有可能使用十字路口。”)”和第四段中“Our work did make respondents use the crossing more, and 68% told us that the artwork made them experience more pleasure.(我们的工作确实让受访者更多地使用十字路口，68%的人告诉我们，艺术品让他们体验到了更多的乐趣)”可知，Holly Hope Smith博士试图通过彩色人行横道来鼓励人们更多地使用人行横道。故选D。
【14题详解】
推理判断题。根据第四段中“While Dr. Holy Hope Smith said that there had been little in terms of international research into colorful crossings, in 2004, research from Australian academics concluded that colored surfaces of crossings had a positive effect on pedestrian safety with regard to the number of crashes and the severity of injuries suffered by pedestrians. (Holy Hope Smith博士说，国际上对彩色人行横道的研究很少，但2004年，澳大利亚学者的研究得出结论，从交通事故的数量和行人受伤的严重程度来看，彩色人行横道表面对行人安全有积极影响。)”以及最后一段中“People suffering from autism (自闭症) have raised concerns over the nature of having several colors on a road, while guide dog owners have reported their assistance dogs being confused by the new road designs.(自闭症患者对道路上的几种颜色表示担忧，而导盲犬的主人则表示，他们的导盲犬对新的道路设计感到困惑。)”可知，虽然彩色道路在保证行人安全方面起到了一些积极的作用，可是对自闭症患者以及导盲犬等产生了困惑，即在英国的彩色人行横道引起了不一致的观点和意见。故选A。
【15题详解】
主旨大意题。根据第一段“The streets of London are infamously colorful, and even more so now that some local authorities have decided to dress up pedestrian crossings in colors or other equally bright designs. Some of these “colorful crossings” are created by councils around the UK with more than just aesthetics (美学) in mind, focusing instead on preventing pedestrian casualties (伤亡人员).( 伦敦的街道是出了名的色彩缤纷，现在更是如此，一些地方当局决定用彩色或其他同样明亮的设计来装饰人行横道。其中一些“彩色十字路口”是由英国各地的议会设计的，他们考虑的不仅仅是美观，而是防止行人伤亡。)”以及最后一段中“People suffering from autism (自闭症) have raised concerns over the nature of having several colors on a road, while guide dog owners have reported their assistance dogs being confused by the new road designs. (自闭症患者对道路上的几种颜色表示担忧，而导盲犬的主人则表示，他们的导盲犬对新的道路设计感到困惑。)”以及通读全文可知，文章主要介绍了英国一些城市在人行横道上采用彩色和鲜艳设计的措施，旨在提高行人的安全，减少交通事故的发生。虽然这样的彩色人行横道在某些地方取得了积极效果，但也引起了一些争议，例如对自闭症患者和导盲犬使用者来说，彩色横道可能会带来困扰。B选项“Will colorful crossings make our streets safer (彩色人行横道会让我们的街道更安全吗 )”概括本文的主要内容，适合文章标题。故选B。
第二节(共5小题;每小题2.5分，满分12.5分)
阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
Many people who enjoy reading and writing want to become book reviewers. ____16____ But most have at least a high school diploma and, in many cases, they have a college degree in literature or a related field. For professional book reviewers, an English or writing degree is also a popular choice.
It generally takes much patience to become a book reviewer. ____17____. Read as many book reviews as possible to get an idea of the tone and content of the reviews. And remember book reviews are a little different from book critiques. They are traditionally less formal compared with book critiques.
If you want to become a book reviewer, it’s necessary to determine what type of book you wish to review. Most book reviewers specialize in one specific type. ____18____ Whichever type you want to review, you should truly enjoy reading it and be relatively knowledgeable about common themes and plot methods.
____19____ Even if the reviews are never published, it’s important to have samples. Most editors won’t hire a reviewer without any sample pieces. It may be easier to start writing for a university newspaper or a local newspaper while you’re still in college. Another option is to write reviews and post them on a blog. Thus, you prepare yourself for becoming a book reviewer.
Most book reviewers are freelance (自由撰稿的) writers who are paid per piece. ____20____ In exchange, they will receive free books to review, sometimes ahead of their publication dates. It can be difficult to get started, as with any freelance writing career, but for someone who enjoys reading and writing about books, it is an excellent choice.
A. And the salary can be high.
B. And there are no specific educational requirements.
C. Some simply write book reviews on a voluntary basis.
D. Interestingly, there are different types of book reviewers.
E. It can be popular fiction, historical fiction or anything else.
F. It’s impossible to become a reviewer without writing some reviews.
G. And it’s important to learn much about book reviewing ahead of time.
【答案】16. B 17. G 18. E 19. F 20. C
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要说明了如何成为一名书评人以及对书评人的要求。
【16题详解】
根据上文“Many people who enjoy reading and writing want to become book reviewers.(许多喜欢阅读和写作的人都想成为书评人)”以及后文“But most have at least a high school diploma and, in many cases, they have a college degree in literature or a related field. For professional book reviewers, an English or writing degree is also a popular choice.(但大多数人至少有高中文凭，在许多情况下，他们有文学或相关领域的大学学位。对于专业书评人来说，英语或写作学位也是一个受欢迎的选择)”可知，后文提到了至少有高中文凭，可知本句与学历相关，且与后文构成转折，指出没有特定的学历要求。故B选项“而且没有特定的学历要求”符合语境，故选B。
【17题详解】
根据上文“It generally takes much patience to become a book reviewer.(成为一名书评人通常需要很大的耐心)”以及后文“Read as many book reviews as possible to get an idea of the tone and content of the reviews. And remember book reviews are a little different from book critiques. They are traditionally less formal compared with book critiques.(尽可能多地阅读书评，了解书评的基调和内容。记住，书评和书判有点不同。与书判相比，它们传统上不那么正式)”可知，上文提到了需要耐心，后文列举了成为书评人的步骤，可推知本句是第一步：提前了解书评。故G选项“提前了解书评是很重要的”符合语境，故选G。
【18题详解】
根据上文“Most book reviewers specialize in one specific type.(大多数书评家都专注于一种特定的类型)”可知，本句主要就上文提到的特定类型的书进行列举，E选项中It指代上文one specific type.。故E选项“它可以是通俗小说、历史小说或其他任何东西”符合语境，故选E。
【19题详解】
根据后文“Even if the reviews are never published, it’s important to have samples. Most editors won’t hire a reviewer without any sample pieces. It may be easier to start writing for a university newspaper or a local newspaper while you’re still in college. Another option is to write reviews and post them on a blog. Thus, you prepare yourself for becoming a book reviewer.(即使评论永远不会发表，有样本也是很重要的。大多数编辑不会雇用没有任何样本文章的审稿人。当你还在大学的时候，为校报或地方报纸写文章可能会更容易。另一个选择是撰写评论并将其发布在博客上。因此，你为成为一名书评人做好了准备)”可知，本段提到了撰写评论，说明要先写出评论，作为样本，F选项中writing some reviews对应后文write reviews。故F选项“不写评论是不可能成为书评人的”符合语境，故选F。
【20题详解】
根据上文“Most book reviewers are freelance (自由撰稿的) writers who are paid per piece.(大多数书评人都是按篇计酬的自由撰稿人)”以及后文“In exchange, they will receive free books to review, sometimes ahead of their publication dates. It can be difficult to get started, as with any freelance writing career, but for someone who enjoys reading and writing about books, it is an excellent choice. (作为交换，他们会收到免费的书来写书评，有时还会是提前出版的书。这可能很难开始，就像任何自由写作职业一样，但对于喜欢阅读和写书的人来说，这是一个很好的选择)”可知，上文提到了大多数的书评人，可知本句是在说明另一种类型的书评人，且与自由写作职业类似，即自愿写书评的人。故C选项“一些人只是自愿写书评”符合语境，故选C。
第三部分 语言运用(共两节，满分30分)
第一节(共15小题;每小题1分，满分15分)
阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
It was a dream born in fire. Andrea Peterson was 5 when she and her mother were trapped on the ledge of a burning building.
“Throw the kid down!” said one of the firemen ____21____, and little Andrea leaped into lifesaving arms and a life-long ____22____:She wanted to fight fires.
She told that to the men who had saved her, and they ____23____ the way grown-ups do when a kid says they want to be an astronaut or a sports star.
“You’ll be a good mommy,” the firemen told her. “You’ll be a good teacher, maybe you’ll be a nurse, but you can never be a(n) ____24____.”
And then, as it ____25____ to do, life sidelined her dreams. She was studying for a(n) ____26____ in aviation(航空)technology and that’s where she met her husband, Dennis.
Dennis was diagnosed with cancer. Peterson spent 31 years caring for the man she loved, and when they both ____27____Dennis was coming to the end of his struggle, he was ____28____but worried for her: “But what are you going to do ”
“I’ll be fine,” she told him. At 61, she went on an ambulance ride-along. It turned out to be a life-and-death situation, and Peterson felt that ____29____ childhood calling. She ____30____her emergency medical technician license and responded to fire calls with the ambulance. She found that her years of tending to Dennis had ____31____her for dealing with the variety of hurts and ills carried in her rig.
After a year, she told her boss she wanted to be a firefighter. The fact that everyone else in her training unit was between 18 and 21 didn’t ____32____her. She passed the written test, she cleared the physical and, ____33____, that little girl’s dream became a reality.
Peterson is ____34____. She knows that the window on her physical abilities won’t stay open forever. Still, “I worry a little when I get too old...I did get my ____35____.”
21. A. beyond B. below C. outside D. above
22. A. ambition B. friendship C. memory D. fortune
23. A. awed B. comforted C. suspected D. laughed
24. A. firefighter B. astronaut C. lawyer D. professor
25. A. suits B. ceases C. tends D. proves
26. A. cooperation B. degree C. test D. exam
27. A. realized B. assessed C. voted D. pretended
28. A. in bed B. at fault C. at peace D. in despair
29. A. life-long B. old-style C. old-fashioned D. long-ago
30. A. pursued B. obtained C. suspended D. outlined
31. A. refreshed B. accounted C. prepared D. occupied
32. A. discourage B. qualify C. cheat D. privilege
33. A. actually B. finally C. gradually D. obviously
34. A. incredible B. humble C. realistic D. decent
35. A. mercy B. mode C. milestone D. dream
【答案】21. B 22. A 23. D 24. A 25. C 26. B 27. A 28. C 29. D 30. B 31. C 32. A 33. B 34. C 35. D
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了彼得森5岁时和她的母亲被困在一幢着火的大楼里，在小安德烈跳进救生员的怀抱，她有了一个终身的抱负: 她想成为消防员。然而，生活让她的梦想黯然失色，直到61岁时，她经过自己的努力，最终实现了梦想。
【21题详解】
考查介词词义辨析。句意：“把孩子扔下来！”下面的一个消防员说，小安德烈跳进救生员的怀抱，她有了一个终身的抱负: 她想扑灭火灾。A. beyond超过；B. below在……下面；C. outside在……外面；D. above在……上面。由上文“Throw the kid down!”可知，消防员站在下面，故选B。
【22题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：“把孩子扔下来！”下面的一个消防员说，小安德烈跳进救生员的怀抱，她有了一个终身的抱负: 她想扑灭火灾。A. ambition雄心；抱负；B. friendship友谊；C. memory记忆；D. fortune好运。由下文“She wanted to fight fires.”可知，她想扑灭火灾，即成为一名消防员，这成为她终生的抱负，故选A。
【23题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：她把这些话告诉了那些救了她的人，他们笑了，就像当一个孩子说她/他想成为宇航员或体育明星时那样。A. awed使敬畏；B. comforted安慰；C. suspected怀疑；D. laughed大笑。由下文“the way grown-ups do when a kid says they want to be an astronaut or a sports star.”和““You’ll be a good mommy,” the firemen told her. “You’ll be a good teacher, maybe you’ll be a nurse, but you can never be a(n) ”可知，当听到女孩说自己想成为消防员时，消防员们都笑了，因为他们认为这不可能，故选D。
【24题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：你会成一个好老师，也许你会成为一名护士，但你永远不可能成为一名消防员。A. firefighter消防员；B. astronaut宇航员；C. lawyer律师；D. professor教授。由上文“She wanted to fight fires”女孩说自己想扑灭火可知，她想成为一名消防员，故选A。
【25题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：然后，事实往往如此，生活让她的梦想黯然失色。A. suits适合；B. ceases停止；C. tends照顾；往往会；D. proves证明。由下文“to do, life sidelined her dreams.”可知，此处表示事实往往如此，as it tends to do表示“事实往往如此”，故选C。
【26题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：她正在攻读航空技术学位时，在那里她遇到了她的丈夫丹尼斯。A. cooperation合作；B. degree度数；学位；C. test测试；D. exam考试。由下文“in aviation(航空)technology”可知，她攻读航空技术学位，故选B。
【27题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：彼得森花了31年的时间照顾她爱的男人，当他们都意识到丹尼斯即将结束他与疾病的斗争时，他很平静，但他担心她:“但你打算怎么办？”A. realized意识到；B. assessed评价；C. voted投票选举；D. pretended假装。由下文“Dennis was coming to the end of his struggle”可知，此处指意识到她的丈夫即将死去，故选A。
【28题详解】
考查介词短语词义辨析。句意：彼得森花了31年的时间照顾她爱的男人，当他们都意识到丹尼斯即将结束他与疾病的斗争时，他很平静，但他担心她:“但你打算怎么办？”A. in bed在床上；B. at fault出毛病；C. at peace处于和平状态；D. in despair绝望地。由but可知，前面是转折关系，当他们意识到丹尼斯即将结束他与疾病的斗争时，丹尼斯很平静，但是却担心自己的妻子，故选C。
【29题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：事实证明，这是一个生死攸关的情况，彼得森感觉到了很久以前童年的召唤。A. life-long毕生的；B. old-style旧式的；C. old-fashioned过时的；D. long-ago很久以前的。由下文“childhood calling” 可知，此处指很久以前想当消防员的那个梦想的召唤，故选D。
【30题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：她获得了紧急医疗救护技术员执照，并用救护车接到火警报警。A. pursued追求；B. obtained获得；C. suspended暂停；D. outlined概述。由下文“her emergency medical technician license and responded to fire calls with the ambulance.”可知，获得了紧急医疗救护技术员执照，故选B。
【31题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：她发现多年来照顾丹尼斯已经使她做好了处理装备上各种各样的伤害和疾病的准备。A. refreshed使恢复精神；B. accounted把……视为；C. prepared准备；D. occupied使用。由上文“her years of tending to Dennis had”和下文“her for dealing with the variety of hurts and ills carried in her rig.”可知，多年来照顾丹尼斯已经使她做好了处理装备上各种各样的伤害和疾病的准备，故选C。
【32题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：事实上，她训练单位里的其他人都在18岁到21岁之间，这并没有让她泄气。A. discourage使泄气；B. qualify使又资格；C. cheat欺骗；D. privilege给予特权。由上文“everyone else in her training unit was between 18 and 21”和下文“She passed the written test, she cleared the physical”可知，彼得森训练单位里的其他人都在18岁到21岁之间，而她岁数较大，但这并没有使她泄气，故选A。
【33题详解】
考查副词词义辨析。句意：她通过了笔试，通过了体检，最终，那个小女孩的梦想成为了现实。A. actually事实上；B. finally最后；C. gradually逐渐地；D. obviously显然地。由上文“She passed the written test, she cleared the physical”和下文“that little girl’s dream became a reality.”可知，她通过了笔试，通过了体检，最终，那个小女孩的梦想成为了现实。故选B。
【34题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：彼得森很现实。A. incredible难以置信的；B. humble谦虚的；C. realistic现实的；D. decent体面的。由下文“She knows that the window on her physical abilities won’t stay open forever.”可知，彼得森很现实，故选C。
【35题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：尽管如此，“当我变得太老时，我还是有点担心……我确实实现了我的梦想。”A. mercy仁慈；B. mode模式；C. milestone里程碑；D. dream梦想。由上文“I did get my”和全文可知，彼得森实现了自己儿时的梦想，故选D。
第二节(共10小题;每小题1.5分，满分15分)
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
What we post on social media reflects our emotions, ____36____ our joy when having a meal with friends, to our anger when complaining about traffic. Researchers from the Kyoto Institute of Technology, Japan, explored patterns in ____37____ (refer) to the emotions expressed in tweets (推文).
According to their paper ____38____ (publish) in February, researchers used nearly 2 million tweets made by more than 200000 people in London and San Francisco. They were able to identify when and where people expressed anger, fear, joy, sadness surprise, etc. A neural network, which ____39____ (be) a system that can complete a learning process, was used in the study. After learning about what emotions people expressed, the team matched them to key locations on a public platform Open Street Map.
The result showed that ____40____ most common emotion expressed was joy, with almost half of the tweets in the two cities ____41____ (express) this emotion. Anger was only expressed in about 3 percent of tweets. ____42____ (interesting), there were lower levels of anger on the weekend and Friday than during the middle of the week.
The study also found that certain locations matched different emotions. For example, tweets made in a train station ____43____ (associate) with less happiness and more disgust (反感), ____44____ tweets from a restaurant showed _____45_____ (high) levels of joy. The findings could be used in fields such as city planning and tourism.
【答案】36. from
37. reference
38. published
39 is 40. the
41. expressing
42. Interestingly
43. were associated
44. while##and
45. higher
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了来自日本京都工艺大学的研究人员利用推特数据研究了社交媒体上表达情绪的模式，这些发现可以在城市规划和旅游等领域中有所应用。
【36题详解】
考查介词。句意：我们在社交媒体上发布的内容反映了我们的情绪，从和朋友吃饭时的快乐，到抱怨交通时的愤怒。句中from…to…为固定短语，意为“从……到……”。故填from。
【37题详解】
考查名词。句意：日本京都理工大学的研究人员探索了推特中表达的情绪模式。分析句子，设空处使用名词作宾语，in reference to意为“关于”。故填reference。
【38题详解】
考查非谓语动词。句意：根据他们2月份发表的论文，研究人员使用了伦敦和旧金山20多万人发布的近200万条推文。分析句子，句中used为谓语动词，设空处使用非谓语动词，此处paper与publish之间是被动关系，故使用过去分词作定语。故填published。
【39题详解】
考查动词时态及主谓一致。句意：神经网络是一种能够完成学习过程的系统。分析句子，设空处使用动词作which引导的定语从句的谓语，which修饰先行词a neural network为单数，同时句子表述客观事实，故be动词用is。故填is。
【40题详解】
考查冠词。句意：结果显示，最常见的情绪是喜悦，这两个城市几乎一半的推文都表达了这种情绪。句中most common为形容词最高级，设空处应该使用定冠词the。故填the。
【41题详解】
考查非谓语动词。句意：同上。分析句子，句中构成with+宾语+宾补的复合结构，句中half of the tweets与express之间是主动关系，故使用现在分词，作宾补。故填expressing。
【42题详解】
考查副词。句意：有趣的是，周末和周五的愤怒程度比工作日要低。分析句子，设空处使用副词interestingly，作状语，修饰句子，意为“有趣地”。故填Interestingly。
【43题详解】
考查动词语态。句意：例如，在火车站发的推文与较少的快乐和更多的厌恶有关，而在餐馆发的推文则显示出更高程度的快乐。分析句子，设空处使用动词作谓语，根据前文的found可知，句子表述过去事实，故使用一般过去时。句中tweets与associate之间是被动关系，且主语为复数，故使用一般过去时的被动语态，be动词使用were。故填were associated。
【44题详解】
考查连词。句意：同上。分析句子，设空处使用连词连接前后两个句子，根据句意，此空格表示转折或对比关系，既可以用and进行连接，也可以用while进行连接。故填and或while。
【45题详解】
考查形容词比较级。句意：同上。分析句子，设空处使用形容词作定语，根据句意，此处表示相比于“在火车站发的推文显示的快乐程度”，“在餐馆发的推文则显示出更高程度的快乐”，故使用形容词的比较级。故填higher。
第四部分 写作(共两节，满分40分)
第一节(满分15分)
46. 假如你是李华，上周三你校开展了以“我的职业规划”为主题的演讲比赛，请给校英文报写一篇报道。内容包括：
1. 时间地点;
2. 活动过程;
3. 活动感受。
注意：1、词数：80左右;
2、可以适当加入细节，以使行文流畅。
________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
【答案】Last Wednesday witnessed a speech competition themed my career plan in our school hall. Students from all grades took an active part in it.
The competition lasted three hours, during which the participants introduced their interests, talents and step-by-step plans to achieve their goals. Their confident performances were followed by thunderous applause and high praise from everyone.
The activity provides a good platform for students’ personal growth. Not only does it help clarify students’ academic goals from a new perspective, it also motivates students to advance confidently in the direction of their dreams.
【解析】
【导语】本篇书面表达属于应用文。上周三你校开展了以“我的职业规划”为主题的演讲比赛，要求考生就此给校英文报写一篇报道。
【详解】1.词汇积累
参加：take an active part in→participate in
介绍/分享：introduce → share
目标：goal→aim
提供：provide …for→ offer…to
2.句式拓展
简单句变复合句
原句：The activity provides a good platform for students’ personal growth.
拓展句：The activity provides a good platform for students’ personal growth, which helps students have a clear understanding of their own future career.
【点睛】【高分句型1】The competition lasted three hours, during which the participants introduced their interests, talents and step-by-step plans to achieve their goals. （运用了介词+which引导的非限制性定语从句）
【高分句型2】Not only does it help clarify students’ academic goals from a new perspective, it also motivates students to advance confidently in the direction of their dreams.（运用了部分倒装的结构）
第二节(满分25分)
47. 阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。
I still remember my first-ever vacation when I lived in Texas. It was a summer day in July. After finishing the spring semester at high school, my cousins and I had two months to rest, relax and go somewhere. A beach trip in the summer was always a good idea for us who lived far away from the beach. Hence, my cousins and I made a plan to go to Walton Beach in Florida on the fourth of July.
We were very excited about this trip because this was the first chance for us to go out of Texas. We prepared and packed up everything about three weeks before the day of departure. At 9 am on July 4th, we jumped on the train to Florida. We arrived at Walton Beach in the evening.
The second we got out of the train, I went to check in two rooms at the Marriott Hotel. My cousins went straight to the beach to find a place to go fishing. I stayed behind and got our things settled in since I don’t like fishing. After unpacking, I called a taxi to take me to them. The cool wind covered my body when I walked on the bridge where my cousins were fishing.
Not even one spoken word was made as I was standing there because they were completely absorbed in fishing. I didn’t even think they noticed me. I ended up leaving them behind because I started to get bored and went down to the beach. Suddenly, far from the beach, I heard someone yelling, “Help! Help me!” I looked around and determined that the sound was coming from about a half mile away from me. I saw something rising out of the surface. It looked like a person and she was about to sink into the water, fighting to stay up.
For a second, I really did not know what I should do instead of just standing transfixed (惊呆的). I wanted to save her but my consciousness did not allow me to do that because I did not know how to swim well at all.
注意：1. 续写词数应为150左右;
2. 请按如下格式作答。
However, only with a few seconds of hesitation, I made a choice.
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At that time, I felt the life jacket being taken away from me.
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【答案】However, only with a few seconds of hesitation, I made a choice. I looked to my right and saw a life jacket so I put it on and jumped into the water anxiously. The more I got closer, the more I heard her voice clearly. “I’m coming! I'm coming!” I said loudly until I grasped her hand and pulled her up the surface before she could be drowned into the water again. She took my neck and head in her arms unconsciously and almost pulled me down into the water.
At that time, I felt the life jacket being taken away from me. I felt my body sinking; the water came fully into my mouth, and I could not breathe. I tried to struggle, lift my head up and take my life jacket back. After keeping hold of the life jacket, I put it on carefully. I did all I could to bring her to the shore. It was such an extremely important experience for me because I realized I should learn to swim well, not only to keep myself safe, but also to help others.
【解析】
【导语】本文以人物为线索展开，讲述了作者和表兄弟们计划在七月四日去佛罗里达的沃尔顿海滩度假。作者在度假时，听到了远离海滩处有人呼救。尽管作者不太会游泳，但最终还是穿上救生衣跳入水中救出了那个人。通过这次经历，作者认识到自己需要学习游泳，不仅能保护自己，还能帮助他人。
【详解】1.段落续写：
①由第一段首句内容“然而，经过几秒钟的犹豫，我做出了选择。”可知，第一段可描写作者营救落水人的过程。
②由第二段首句内容“当时，我感到救生衣从我身上被拿走了。”可知，第二段可描写作者水中的感受，反应以及最终感悟，最终在作者的努力坚持下成功地救出了落水女孩同时也明白到学会游泳的重要性。
2.续写线索：做出决定进行营救——用力并且挣扎营救——险些被拽入水底——成功营救——最终感悟
3.词汇激活
行为类
①接近：get closer/approach
②.大喊：said loudly/scream/yell
③.抓住：keep hold of/grasp
情绪类
①.焦急地：anxiously/ with great anxiety
②. 小心地：carefully/be of great care
【点睛】[高分句型1]. I said loudly until I grasped her hand and pulled her up the surface before she could be drowned into the water again.（由连接词before引导时间状语从句）
[高分句型2].It was such an extremely important experience for me because I realized I should learn to swim well, not only to keep myself safe, but also to help others.（省略that引导的宾语从句作realized的宾语，以及not only…but also…固定结构的应用）
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