高中试卷答案网2023—2024学年度上学期龙西北高中名校联盟
高三开学考试
英语
本试卷共5页 满分150分 考试用时120分钟
注意事项：
1．答卷前，考生务必将自己的姓名、准考证号填写在答题卡上。将条形码横贴在答题卡右上角“条形码粘贴处”。
2．回答选择题时，选出每小题答案后，用2B铅笔把答题卡上对应题目选项的答案信息点涂黑；如需改动、用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案，答案不能答在试卷上。
3．非选择题答案必须写在答题卡各题目指定区域内相应位置上；如需改动，先划掉原来的答案，然后再写上新的答案；不准使用铅笔、修正带和涂改液，不按以上要求作答的答案无效。写在试卷上无效。
4．考生必须保持答题卡的整洁，答题卡不要折叠。考试结束后，将试卷和答题卡一并交回.
第一部分 听力（共两节，满分30分）
做题时，先将答案标在试卷上。录音内容结束后，你将有两分钟的时间将试卷上的答案转涂到答题卡上。
第一节（共5小题；每小题1.5分，满分1.5分）
听下面5段对话，每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。
例：How much is the shirt
A． 19.15. B． 9.18. C． 9.15.
答案是C.
1．When does the conversation take place
A．On September 15th. B．On September 9th. C．On September 6th.
2．How does the woman feel
A．Annoyed. B．Sympathetic. C．Confused.
3．Where are probably the speakers
A．At home. B．In a coffee shop. C．In a restaurant.
4．Why is the man angry with Linda
A．She lost his document. B．She gave him a warning. C．She violated his privacy.
5．What are the speakers mainly talking about
A．The man’s favorite player. B．The game results. C．A popular sport.
第二节（共15小题；每小题1.5分，满分22.5分）
听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间，每段对话或独白读两遍。
听第6段材料，回答第6、7题。
6．Why does the woman talk to the man
A．To talk about the meeting time. B．To tell him her schedule. C．To ask about a class.
7．What will the woman do in the morning
A．Change a lesson with another teacher.
B．Meet the man at the usual place.
C．Meet her company leader.
听第7段材料，回答第8、9、10题，
8．Where are the speakers
A．At a Halloween party. B．At a friend’s home. C．At a coffee shop.
9．What do the speakers have in common
A．They both like baseball. B．They both like dressing up. C．They both like parties.
10．What is the man going to do this Saturday
A．Learn to make coffee. B．Travel with the woman. C．Listen to the woman’s story.
听第8段材料，回答第11至13题。
11．What is the probable relationship between the speakers
A．Designer and client. B．Shop assistant and customer. C．Interviewer and interviewee.
12．What does the woman say about hanfu
A．Its style is the best. B．It contains philosophical ideas. C．It is charming in every aspect.
13．What has the woman found from hanfu
A．Unexplored things in her life. B．Her talent for designing. C．Her inspiration for stories.
听第9段材料，回答第14至17题.
14．What do we know about Maori
A．They rub each other’s noses as a greeting.
B．They make a gesture to say hello.
C．Its impolite for them to give a thumbs-up.
15．What is the woman’s nationality
A．Nigerian. B．British. C．Chinese.
16．How many countries do the speakers mention in total
A．5. B．6. C．7.
17．How does the man suggest the woman write her paper
A．By giving more detailed information.
B．By writing the abstract first.
C．By giving a profound conclusion.
听第10段材料，回答第18至20题.
18．Why was Yaguas National Park founded
A．To develop the tourism industry.
B．To do research on plants.
C．To fight climate change.
19．Where does Nigel Pitman work
A．In the museum. B．At the university. C．In the park.
20．How many species of birds are there in Yaguas National Park
A．Around 160. B．Over 500. C．More than 3, 000.
第二部分 阅读（共两节，满分50分）
第一节（共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分）
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项.
A
For children, space is magical — a whole world is out there, with so many things to learn and stories to read. Here are some children’s books about space and the solar system.
Mae among the Stars by Stasia Burrington
This beautifully illustrated picture book is attractive to young kids. It was inspired by the first African American woman in space, Mae Jemison. It tells the story of Mae as a little girl, who always knew she had big dreams about space. This is a great addition to a young kid’s collection, as a reminder to hold tight to dreams and never give up.
Space by Libby Jackson
This beautifully illustrated book gives kids a look at 50 women from around the world who were involved in exploring space in some way, from the 19th century to the present day. This is a perfect gift for young kids who want to know more about some of the lesser-known scientific achievements related to space exploration.
Chasing Space by Leland Melvin
This is Melvin’s story about being a football player-turned-astronaut, along with his recovery from an injury that nearly left him deaf. Kids will love reading his story about how he faced challenges and advanced ahead, and he also includes DIY experiments for kids to try, and a section of full-color photographs.
System and Beyond by David A. Aguilar
The book is full of beautiful illustrations of space, and is perfect for kids of all ages, exploring various planets and the solar system. Unlike other kids’ space book, this is a National Geographic book written and illustrated by an award-winning astronomer and space artist. Aguilar is also the former Director of Science Information and Public Outreach at the Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics.
1. What do Mae among the Stars and Space have in common
A. They include less-known astronauts. B. They tell about scientists’ childhood.
C. They cover women exploring space. D. They are suitable for children of all ages.
2. Whose book attracts children showing interest in experiments
A. Stasia Burrington’s. B. Libby Jackson’s.
C. Leland Melvin’s. D. David A. Aguilar’s.
3. What is unique to System and Beyond
A. It has beautiful pictures. B. It tells about space artists.
C. It has won many grand awards. D. It was written by an astronomer.
【答案】1. C 2. C 3. D
【解析】
【导语】本文为一篇应用文。文章介绍了四本关于太空和太阳系的儿童读物。
【1题详解】
推理判断题。根据Mae among the Stars by Stasia Burrington第二、三句“It was inspired by the first African American woman in space, Mae Jemison. It tells the story of Mae as a little girl, who always knew she had big dreams about space. (它的灵感来自第一位进入太空的非裔美国女性梅·杰米森。它讲述了梅作为一个小女孩的故事，她一直知道她对太空有很大的梦想。)”，而Space by Libby Jackson的第一句“This beautifully illustrated book gives kids a look at 50 women from around the world who were involved in exploring space in some way, from the 19th century to the present day. (这本精美的插图书让孩子们看到了从19世纪到现在，来自世界各地的50位女性，她们以某种方式参与了太空探索。)”可知，《星际漫游》和《太空漫游》的共同之处是：它们都涉及到那些探索太空的女性。故选C项。
【2题详解】
推理判断题。根据Chasing Space by Leland Melvin的“Kids will love reading his story about how he faced challenges and advanced ahead, and he also includes DIY experiments for kids to try, and a section of full-color photographs. (孩子们会喜欢读他关于他如何面对挑战和前进的故事，他还包括DIY实验供孩子们尝试，以及一组全彩照片。)”可知，对实验感兴趣的孩子会被Leland Melvin的书吸引。故选C项。
【3题详解】
细节理解题。根据System and Beyond by David A. Aguilar的“Unlike other kids’ space book, this is a National Geographic book written and illustrated by an award-winning astronomer and space artist. Aguilar is also the former Director of Science Information and Public Outreach at the Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics. (与其他儿童太空书不同，这是一本由获奖的天文学家和太空艺术家撰写和插图的国家地理书。阿吉拉尔还是哈佛-史密森天体物理中心的前科学信息和公共宣传主任。)”可知，这本《系统及其他》与其他读物的不同之处是作者本人的身份是天文学家，能为读者提供专家的观点和对主题的见解。故选D项。
B
The Louvre is the most popular museum in the world. Last year, about 10 million visitors, more than 75% of whom were foreign tourists, came to the museum. About 80% of them were here for Mona Lisa-and most of them left unhappy.
According to a survey of British tourists earlier this year, Mona Lisa was voted the world’s most disappointing attraction, beating out Checkpoint Charlie, Spanish Steps, and Urinating Boy in Brussels.
If the museum thinks that it is inspiring the next generation of art lovers, it is in fact doing the opposite, thanks to the huge crowds in front of the picture. The overcrowding here was so bad that Jean-Luc Martinez, the museum’s director, has to admit, “We have to take steps to deal with the overcrowding in the coming years: new entrances and timed tickets for the museum.”
He misunderstands the problem-for the Louvre, with more gallery space than any museum on the planet, isn’t that crowed. On my last visit, the French painting wing had just a few visitors. Even Venus de Milo, perhaps the second most famous work of art in the museum, only drew a comfortable few dozen visitors. In other words, the Louvre does not have an overcrowding problem. It has a Mona Lisa problem. No other famous painting comes anywhere close to monopolizing (垄断) a museum like she does. It is time for the Louvre to admit its failure. The museum does not need new entrances or timed tickets.
Instead, it only needs to set up a moving walkway in front of Mona Lisa and let Samsung or another smartphone company to fix its cutest cameras around her. So visitors can strike a pose on the moving walkway, and download their cutest selfies (自拍像) with Mona Lisa later. I can even picture the moving walkway smoothly guiding tourists past the Mona Lisa into the gift shops, where millions of selfiers can take time to enjoy their pictures, and spend money.
It is time to set it up now since the 2024 Summer Olympics is around the comer.
4. Which was the most disappointing attraction according to the survey ________
A. Mona Lisa. B. Venus de Milo. C. Spanish Steps. D. Urinating Boy.
5. What does the author think of Jean-Luc Martinez’s solution ________
A Amazing. B. Practical. C. Expensive. D. Unworkable.
6. Why is it so crowded in front of Mona Lisa ________
A. A lot of visitors stay there to appreciate it. B. The room housing the picture is too small.
C. Too many visitors want to take a picture with it. D. The ticket for the famous painting is too cheap.
7. What is the author’s main purpose in writing the text ________
A. To share his unpleasant visit to the Louvre.
B. To introduce a famous painting in a museum.
C. To offer a simple solution to the Mona Lisa problem.
D. To show the opportunity brought by the 2024 Olympics.
【答案】4. A 5. D 6. C 7. C
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇说明文。主要介绍了卢浮宫是世界上最受欢迎的博物馆。大约80%的人是为了《蒙娜丽莎》而来的，大多数人离开时都不开心。主要是因为这个景点前过度拥挤，作者为这个景点的拥挤提出来自己的解决方案。
【4题详解】
细节理解题。根据第二段中“According to a survey of British tourists earlier this year, Mona Lisa was voted the world’s most disappointing attraction, beating out Checkpoint Charlie, Spanish Steps, and Urinating Boy in Brussels.”（根据今年早些时候对英国游客的一项调查，蒙娜丽莎击败查理检查站、西班牙台阶和布鲁塞尔的撒尿男孩，被评为世界上最令人失望的景点。）可知，根据调查蒙娜丽莎是最令人失望的景点。故选A项。
【5题详解】
推理判断题。根据第四段中“He misunderstands the problem-for the Louvre, with more gallery space than any museum on the planet, isn’t that crowed.”(他误解了卢浮宫的问题，卢浮宫的画廊空间比地球上任何一座博物馆都大，并不是很拥挤。)根据“The museum does not need new entrances or timed tickets. ”（博物馆不需要新的入口或限时门票）可知，作者认为他误解了卢浮宫的问题，可见作者对Jean-Luc Martinez的解决方案的看法是觉得不可行的。故选D项。
【6题详解】
推理判断题。根据倒数第二段中“So visitors can strike a pose on the moving walkway, and download their cutest selfies (自拍像) with Mona Lisa later.”（所以游客们可以在移动的走道上摆姿势，稍后还可以下载他们与蒙娜丽莎最可爱的自拍照。）可知，从这个解决拥挤的办法可知，蒙娜丽莎面前如此拥挤是因为太多的游客想和它合影。故选C项。
【7题详解】
推理判断题。根据第一段中“About 80% of them were here for Mona Lisa-and most of them left unhappy.”（大约80%的人来这里是为了《蒙娜丽莎》，但大多数人都不高兴地离开了。）根据“Instead, it only needs to set up a moving walkway in front of Mona Lisa and let Samsung or another smartphone company to fix its cutest cameras around her. ”（相反，它只需要在蒙娜丽莎面前设置一条移动通道，让三星或其他智能手机公司在她周围安装最可爱的摄像头）可知，主要是因为这个景点前过度拥挤，作者为这个景点的拥挤提出来自己的解决方案，所以作者的写作目的是为蒙娜丽莎问题提供一个简单的解决方案。故选C项。
C
People always underestimate (低估) others’ desire for constructive feedback (反馈) and therefore don’t provide it, even when it can improve another person’s performance. according to research published by the American Psychological Association.
Previous research suggests people avoid giving feedback because they’re afraid that it will embarrass or upset the other person, or that doing so may harm their relationships. Nicole Abi-Esber of Harvard Business School and her colleagues theorized there might be another reason why people refuse to give feedback: They simply don’t fully recognize the potential of their input to improve others’ outcomes, leading them to underestimate others’ desire for such feedback.
To test their theory, the researchers conducted a series of experiments involving 1,984 participants. In one experiment. participants were presented with 10 imaginary awkward social situations at work, where they could either give or receive constructive feedback, In another experiment, participants were asked to recall a situation where they could either have given or received constructive feedback. In the final experiment, participants were paired, with one practising a speech for a competition and the other assigned to listen and provide feedback.
Across all the experiments, people in a position to give feedback consistently underestimated potential receivers’ desire for it. The more consequential the feedback was, the more likely participants were to underestimate the other’s need for feedback and the less likely they were to offer it. The gap was smaller in more everyday, less important situations, such as when the other person had food on their face.
The researchers were surprised to find that simply asking people to quickly reflect “If you were this person, would you want feedback ” helped participants recognize the value of feedback to the other person and helped close the giver-receiver gap. “Take a second and ask yourself if you would want feedback if you were them. Most likely you would, and this realization can help empower you to give them feedback,” said Abi-Esber.
“Feedback is key to personal growth and improvement.” said coauthor Francesca Gino, also of Harvard Business School. “The next time you hear someone mispronounce a word, or see a dirty mark on their shirt, point it out to them — they probably want feedback more than you think.”
8. What makes people fail to give feedback according to previous research
A. Their own sense of embarrassment. B. Their fear of unpleasant outcomes.
C Their poor ability to interact with others. D. Their failure to realize others’ needs.
9. What does the underlined word “consequential” in paragraph 4 probably mean
A. Regular. B. Understandable.
C. Important. D. Achievable.
10. How can people be made more willing to offer constructive feedback
A. Urge them to recall great feelings of helping others.
B. Train them to pay attention to much bigger problems.
C. Encourage them to ask about the other persons’ desire.
D. Get them to imagine they’re in the other persons’ shoes.
11. What does Francesca Gino mainly try to do in the last paragraph
A. Present a fact. B. Give warnings.
C. Provide advice. D. Make a summary.
【答案】8. B 9. C 10. D 11. C
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。美国心理学协会发表的一项研究表明，人们总是低估他人对建设性反馈的渴望，因此不会提供反馈，即使这种反馈可能会有助于提高他人的表现。
【详解】1.细节理解题。 根据第二段“Previous research suggests people avoid giving feedback because they’re afraid that it will embarrass or upset the other person, or that doing so may harm their relationships. (之前的研究表明，人们避免给予反馈是因为他们害怕这会让对方感到尴尬或不安，或者这样做可能会损害他们的关系。)”可知，之前的研究表明，人们未能给出反馈是因为害怕会带来不好的结果。故选B。
2. 词句猜测题。 根据画线词所在句“The more consequential the feedback was, the more likely participants were to underestimate the other’s need for feedback and the less likely they were to offer it. (反馈越consequential，参与者越有可能低估对方对反馈的需求，他们就越不可能提供反馈。)”及画线词后“The gap was smaller in more everyday, less important situations, such as when the other person had food on their face. (在更日常、更不重要的情况下，比如当对方脸上有食物时，这种差距会更小。)”可推断，反馈不太重要，人们就比较愿意给出反馈，反馈越重要，参与者越可能低估对方的需求，不可能提供反馈，画线词的意思与 Important 的意思最为接近。故选C。
3. 推理判断题。根据第五段的内容“The researchers were surprised to find that simply asking people to quickly reflect “If you were this person, would you want feedback ” helped participants recognize the value of feedback to the other person and helped close the giver-receiver gap. “Take a second and ask yourself if you would want feedback if you were them. Most likely you would, and this realization can help empower you to give them feedback,” said Abi-Esber.(研究人员惊讶地发现，简单地让人们快速反思“如果你是这个人，你想要反馈吗 ”帮助参与者认识到反馈对他人的价值，并帮助缩小了给予者和接受者之间的差距。“花点时间问问自己，如果你是他们，你是否需要反馈。很有可能你会，这种认识可以帮助你给他们反馈，”阿比-埃斯伯说。)”可推断，问问自己如果你是这个人，你想要反馈吗，可能会有助于给别人反馈，因此推断如果想让人们更乐意给出建设性的反馈， 让其换位思考是个办法。故选D。
4. 推理判断题。 根据最后一段的内容, 尤其是“The next time you hear someone mispronounce a word, or see a dirty mark on their shirt, point it out to them — they probably want feedback more than you think.(下次你听到别人发错音的时候，或者在他们的衬衫上看到一个脏的标记，指出给他们看——他们可能比你想象的更需要反馈。)”可推断，Francesca Gino建议人们要积极给出反馈、提供建议。故选C。
D
Tesla’s self-driving cars have recently come under investigation as a report on crashes raises questions about their safety. Despite Tesla CEO Elon Musk’s claim that their Autopilot capability makes their cars “unequivocally (毫不含糊地) safer,” data suggests otherwise.
According to The Washington Post, the number of deaths and serious injuries associated with Tesla’s driver-assistance technology is higher than previously reported. The National Highway Traffic Safety Administration (NHTSA) recorded 736 crashes since 2019, with at least17 of them being fatal. These figures include crashes involving both Autopilot, which allows cars to drive on highways without human intervention, and the newer Full Self-Driving feature, which extends automation to city streets. However, these statistics can’t record incidents that were avoided due to the cars’ safety features. Additionally, when compared to the total number of car crashes that occurred last year, the number of crashes involving driver-assistance vehicles appears relatively small, but actually it’s not.
Tesla’s safety claims lack context as Autopilot is primarily designed for highways, while most accidents occur in more complex environments with cross-traffic, pedestrians, and cyclists. Moreover, Tesla’s customer base consists mainly of wealthier individuals who live in communities with lower accident rates.
Concerns are raised by Tesla’s request to the NHTSA not to reveal whether Autopilot or Full Self-Driving was in use during fatal crashes. This lack of transparency (透明) prevents a comprehensive analysis of the incidents and raises questions about responsibility.
Safety exaggerations (夸大) combined with Tesla’s aggressive marketing have led to accidents caused by drivers relying too heavily on the system. Full Self-Driving does not allow the car to fully drive itself, and drivers are expected to remain attentive and ready to intervene at all times. However, Tesla’s messaging may mislead some users into believing otherwise.
While a driverless future has the potential to be safer, it is crucial not to convince the public that underdeveloped capabilities are ready for widespread use. Tesla should address past problems, ensure their automation set can detect emergency vehicles, and be transparent with the public about the limitations of their technology. Rushing the implementation of such technology without addressing its limitations could lead to serious consequences on the road.
12. What can we learn about Tesla’s driver-assistance-related crashes from paragraph 2
A. 736 fatal cases of self-driving are recorded.
B. NHTSA focused on the crashes on highways.
C. The total number of car crashes is extremely small.
D. The incidents avoided are not counted in the crash statistics.
13. What can be inferred about Tesla’s safety claims
A. They are supported by comprehensive data.
B. They are based on limited driving environment.
C. They are restricted to the experiences of satisfied customers.
D. They have been proven to be accurate and reliable by NHTSA.
14. What can we know about Full Self-Driving
A. It is ill-received. B. It is well-developed.
C. It needs the driver to stay focused. D. It reduces the accidents greatly.
15. Which title best summarizes the content of this text
A. Concerns and Questions Surrounding Tesla’s “Self-Driving” Cars
B. Tesla’s Self-Driving Cars: The Safest Option of Driving on the Road
C. The Future of Self-Driving Cars: A Closer Look at Tesla’s Technology
D. Reconstruction and Revolution of Tesla’s Autopilot and Full Self-Driving
【答案】12. D 13. B 14. C 15. A
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇新闻报道，主要讲的是特斯拉的自动驾驶车辆所受到的一些质疑和它自身存在的一些问题。
【12题详解】
细节理解题。根据第二段的“However, these statistics can’t record incidents that were avoided due to the cars’ safety features.(然而，这些统计数据并不能记录由于汽车的安全特性而避免的事故。)”可知，避免的事故不计入撞车统计。故选D。
【13题详解】
推理判断题。根据第三段的“Tesla’s safety claims lack context as Autopilot is primarily designed for highways, while most accidents occur in more complex environments with cross-traffic, pedestrians, and cyclists. Moreover, Tesla’s customer base consists mainly of wealthier individuals who live in communities with lower accident rates.(特斯拉的安全声明缺乏背景，因为自动驾驶仪主要是为高速公路设计的，而大多数事故发生在更复杂的环境中，有交叉交通、行人和骑自行车的人。此外，特斯拉的客户群主要是生活在事故率较低社区的富裕人士。)”可知，特斯拉的安全声明是基于有限的驾驶环境。故选B。
【14题详解】
细节理解题。根据倒数第二段的“Full Self-Driving does not allow the car to fully drive itself, and drivers are expected to remain attentive and ready to intervene at all times.(全自动驾驶不允许汽车完全自动驾驶，司机需要保持注意力，随时准备干预。)”可知，全自动驾驶需要司机保持专注。故选C。
15题详解】
主旨大意题。根据第一段的“Tesla’s self-driving cars have recently come under investigation as a report on crashes raises questions about their safety. Despite Tesla CEO Elon Musk’s claim that their Autopilot capability makes their cars “unequivocally (毫不含糊地) safer,” data suggests otherwise.(特斯拉的自动驾驶汽车最近受到调查，因为一份关于车祸的报告引发了对其安全性的质疑。尽管特斯拉首席执行官Elon Musk声称，他们的自动驾驶功能使他们的汽车“绝对更安全”，但数据显示并非如此。)”及后文的描述可知，本文主要讲的是特斯拉的自动驾驶车辆所受到的一些质疑和它自身存在的一些问题，因此最好的题目是A选项“Concerns and Questions Surrounding Tesla’s “Self-Driving” Cars(围绕特斯拉“自动驾驶”汽车的担忧和问题)”。故选A。
第二节（共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分）
阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
Making the Most of Life Experiences
If you ask anyone what the purpose of life is, you’ll likely receive wildly different responses. The answer is deeply personal because different things are important to us throughout the course of our lives. ____16____Finding ways to make the most of our experiences is a challenge we face every day. Here are some ways to make your experiences meaningful.
Follow your dreams.
The number one way to live a life free of regret is to follow your dreams. Enthusiasm will die without actions supporting them.____17____Every day take an action, no matter how small, to achieve your goals. Each day is a step forward and none of it is wasted.
Make lots of mistakes.
____18____Many of my strongest memories come from the times I’ve failed, and those lessons have stayed with me. Failure is beneficial to us. And time allows me to see the value of even the most painful situation.
____19____
Difficult and painful experiences shape our character but can also let us feel down. These stop us from moving forward. So much of our progress in life relies on willpower and a healthy state of mind. If you’re under stress, your body and mind both require time to recover. ____20____
For me, life is about experiences. We all have to dream, work hard, and fail before we can achieve success. Maybe we’ll discover along the way that the journey is more important than the destination.
A. Take care of yourself.
B. Improve your personality.
C. Making mistakes is the surest path to grow as a person.
D. It’s best to rest, recover, and slowly build back up your strength.
E. Yet one thing stays with us no matter where we go: our experiences.
F. Though we try our best to make fewer mistakes, it is impossible to avoid them.
G. Though we can’t choose the result of our actions, we can choose to keep pursuing.
【答案】16. E 17. G 18. C 19. A 20. D
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要说明了如何充分利用自己的经历，让经历变得有意义。
【16题详解】
根据上文“If you ask anyone what the purpose of life is, you’ll likely receive wildly different responses. The answer is deeply personal because different things are important to us throughout the course of our lives.(如果你问任何人生活的目的是什么，你可能会得到截然不同的回答。答案因人而异，因为在我们的一生中，不同的事情对我们都很重要)”以及后文“Finding ways to make the most of our experiences is a challenge we face every day. Here are some ways to make your experiences meaningful.(想办法充分利用我们的经历是我们每天都要面对的挑战。下面是一些让你的经历变得有意义的方法)”可知，后文提到了利用经历，可见本句是在说明经历的意义。故E选项“然而有一样东西无论我们走到哪里都会陪伴着我们：那就是我们的经历”符合语境。故选E。
【17题详解】
根据上文“The number one way to live a life free of regret is to follow your dreams. Enthusiasm will die without actions supporting them.(让生活没有遗憾的首要方法就是追随你的梦想。没有行动的支持，热情就会消失)”以及后文“Every day take an action, no matter how small, to achieve your goals. Each day is a step forward and none of it is wasted.(每天采取一个行动，不管多小，都要实现你的目标。每一天都是前进的一步，没有一分浪费)”可知，上文提到要追求梦想，且付出行动，G选项中keep pursuing对应上文中follow your dreams。故G选项“虽然我们不能选择行为的结果，但我们可以选择继续追求”符合语境。故选G。
【18题详解】
根据后文“Many of my strongest memories come from the times I’ve failed, and those lessons have stayed with me. Failure is beneficial to us. And time allows me to see the value of even the most painful situation.(我的许多最强烈的记忆都来自于我的失败，这些教训一直伴随着我。失败对我们有益。时间让我看到即使是最痛苦的处境的价值)”可知，本段的主旨是从错误中成长，故C选项“犯错误是一个人成长最可靠的途径”符合语境。故选C。
【19题详解】
根据上文“Difficult and painful experiences shape our character but can also let us feel down. These stop us from moving forward. So much of our progress in life relies on willpower and a healthy state of mind.(困难和痛苦的经历塑造了我们的性格，但也会让我们感到沮丧。这些阻碍了我们前进。我们生活中的进步很大程度上依赖于意志力和健康的心态)”可知，后文提到了健康的重要性，可见要照顾好自己。故A选项“照顾好自己”符合语境。故选A。
20题详解】
根据上文“If you’re under stress, your body and mind both require time to recover.(如果你处于压力之下，你的身体和精神都需要时间来恢复)”可知，本句为本段最后一句，应承接上文继续说明如何应对压力：休息、恢复，然后慢慢恢复体力。故D选项“最好是休息、恢复，然后慢慢恢复体力”符合语境。故选D。
第三部分 语言运用（共两节，满分30分）
第一节（共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分）
阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
One of the most powerful forces of nature is motherly love. It is found not just in humans but is ____21____ among many other types of creatures. It is well known the mother bears are fiercely ____22____ of their young and can easily attack any ____23____ human being. About 20 years ago, a homeless ____24____ drew international headlines. In Argentina a man was walking on a____25____ night when he heard the cries of a baby. Following the sound, he found a newborn human baby being warmed by a dog. The baby, who had been ____26____ by her mother, was later taken to hospital with only minor ____27____
An animal's maternal (母性的) instinct can be so strong that the mother will often ____28____ her own life to save her young. When cases of this type of ____29____ are reported, the stories can be heartwarming or _____30_____, depending on the circumstances. One story related to Australia's deadly wildfires touched people across the world. A firefighter_____31_____ a female koala (考拉) lying on top of her young, _____32_____ its baby from smoke. Another story however, ended sadly. Last year, people in America found an opossum (负鼠) that had been _____33_____ by a car, lying in the street, but _____34_____ the pocket of skin on its stomach were nine protected babies, still drinking milk from their dead mother's body.
The love of a mother indeed knows no_____35_____.
21. A. complex B. crucial C. specific D. evident
22. A. proud B. protective C. skeptical D. sick
23. A. threatening B. inspiring C. annoying D. striking
24. A. man B. woman C. dog D. bear
25. A. hot B. cold C. clear D. quiet
26. A. abandoned B. protected C. tended D. wrapped
27. A. setbacks B. concerns C. errors D. injuries
28. A. cherish B. risk C. lengthen D. change
29. A. romances B. fantasies C. sacrifices D. memories
30. A. tragic B. funny C. thrilling D. scary
31. A. looked into B. ran into C. burst into D. got into
32. A. distinguishing B. separating C. sheltering D. releasing
33. A. seized B. carried C. killed D. stopped
34. A. inside B. outside C. over D. beyond
35. A. benefits B. boundaries C. results D. secrets
【答案】21. D 22. B 23. A 24. C 25. B 26. A 27. D 28. B 29. C 30. A 31. B 32. C 33. C 34. A 35. B
【解析】
【分析】这是一篇夹叙夹议文。主要讲述了在动物身上，所体现的母爱，有些故事温暖人心，有些让人难过，但是他们所表现的母爱和人类是一样的，母爱是没有界限的。
【21题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：它不仅存在于人类身上，而且在许多其他类型的生物中也很明显。A. complex 复杂的；B. crucial 至关重要的；C. specific 明确的；确切的；D. evident 显而易见的。上文“One of the most powerful forces of nature is motherly love.”提到母爱是自然界中最强大一种的力量，下文描述的都是在动物身上体现出的母爱，结合此句句意以及选项，此处表达母爱在自然界中除了人之外的其他生物上也是很常见的，很显而易见的，故选D。
【22题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：众所周知，母熊对幼熊有着强烈的保护欲，可以轻易地攻击任何有威胁的人。A. proud 骄傲的；B. protective 保护的；C. skeptical 怀疑的；D. sick 虚弱的；生病的。根据上题分析以及空后“can easily attack any 3 human being.”，可知动物也有母爱，会为了孩子攻击有威胁的人，所以此处表示母熊对幼熊有着强烈的保护欲，故选B。
【23题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：参见上题。A. threatening 威胁的；恐吓的；B. inspiring 鼓舞人心的；C. annoying 令人恼怒的；D. striking 引人注目的。根据上题分析可知，母熊保护幼熊，会攻击对幼熊有威胁的人，故选A。
【24题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：大约20年前，一只无家可归的狗成为国际新闻头条。A. man 男人；B. woman 女人；C. dog 狗；D. bear 熊。下文“Following the sound, he found a newborn human baby being warmed by a dog.”中的狗是提示，故选C。
【25题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：在阿根廷，一个男人在寒冷的夜晚散步，突然听到婴儿的哭声。A. hot 热的；B. cold 冷的；C. clear 清楚的；D. quiet 安静的。下文“Following the sound, he found a newborn human baby being warmed by a dog.”提到一只狗在为一个婴儿保暖，可知天气是冷的，故选B。
【26题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：被母亲遗弃的婴儿后来被送往医院，只是受了轻伤。A. abandoned 遗弃；B. protected 保护；C. tended 趋向；照顾；D. wrapped 包；裹。根据上题分析可知，在寒冷的夜里，一只狗在为一个婴儿保暖，可知，这个婴儿应该是被妈妈遗弃了，故选A。
【27题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：参见上题。A. setbacks 挫折；阻碍；B. concerns 关心；担心；C. errors 错误；D. injuries 伤害。结合上题分析以及语境，可知此处表示这只狗面对人类的婴儿也表现出了母爱，为婴儿保暖，尽量保护婴儿，但毕竟是只狗，会有照顾不周的地方，即便这样，也只让婴儿受了一点伤，故选D。
【28题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：动物的母性的本能是如此强烈，以至于母亲常常冒着生命危险去救她的孩子。A. cherish 珍爱；B. risk 冒……险；C. lengthen (使)变长；D. change 改变。根据句意结合下文讲到的考拉和负鼠妈妈保护孩子的故事可知，此处表示母爱如此强烈，母亲可以冒着生命危险，去救自己的孩子，故选B。
【29题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：当这类牺牲的案例被报道时，故事可能是温暖人心的，也可能是悲惨的，这取决于具体情况。A. romances 浪漫；B. fantasies 想象；C. sacrifices 牺牲；D. memories 记忆。根据上题分析结合下文的“still drinking milk from their dead mother's body.”可知，母亲冒着生命危险救孩子，这是一种很大的牺牲，故选C。
【30题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：参见上题。A. tragic 悲惨的；B. funny 有趣的；C. thrilling 惊险的；D. scary 恐怖的；吓人的。根据下文提到的考拉妈妈和负鼠至死保护自己的幼崽可知，有些故事的结局是悲惨的。故选A。
【31题详解】
考查动词短语辨析。句意：一名消防员遇上了一只雌考拉躺在她的幼崽身上，为它的宝宝遮挡烟雾。A. looked into 调查；B. ran into 遇到；陷入；C. burst into 突然……起来；D. got into 进入。上文“One story related to Australia's deadly wildfires touched people across the world.”提到一个有关致命野火中发生的感人的故事，所以此处描写消防员遇到的这件事，故选B。
【32题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：参见上题。A. distinguishing 区分；辨别；B. separating 分开；分离；C. sheltering 保护；掩蔽；D. releasing 释放；放开。根据语境以及句意，可知此处表示考拉躺在孩子身上，是为它们挡住浓烟，保护他们不受到浓烟的伤害，故选C。
【33题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：去年，美国人发现了一只负鼠，它被一辆汽车撞死了，躺在街上，但它肚子上的口袋里有9个被保护的婴儿，还在喝着死去母亲的奶。A. seized 抓住；B. carried 拿；携带；C. killed 杀死；D. stopped 停止。根据下文的“still drinking milk from their dead mother's body.”可知此处表示车撞死了这只负鼠，故选C。
【34题详解】
考查介词词义辨析。句意：参见上题。A. inside 在……里面；B. outside 在……外面；C. over 在……上面；D. beyond 超出。根据空后宾语the pocket of skin以及尝试，可知这些小负鼠是在妈妈肚子上的袋囊里面吃奶，故选A。
【35题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：母爱是没有界限的。A. benefits 益处；B. boundaries 界限；C. results 结果；D. secrets 秘密。由上文“It is found not just in humans but is 1 among many other types of creatures.”可知，无论是人还是动物都具备母爱的本能，所以母爱是没有界限的，故选B。
第二节（共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分）
语法填空
Confucianism, developed from thoughts by Confucius during the Spring and Autumn Period, is a philosophical system which has become____36____important part of Chinese culture. It____37____ (set) up by Confucius (551-479BC) and later was developed by philosophers, including Mencius, Dong Zhongshu, Wang Yangming and others.
Confucianism means a lot not only to China, but also to the world. In 1988, 75 Nobel prize winners said that ____38____mankind is to survive (生存), it must go back 25 centuries in time to learn from the____39____ (wise) ofConfucius. Today, sentences from Confucianism are ____40____ (wide) used in speeches or talks given by famous foreign people. Besides, people around the globe can learn about Confucius ideas in Confucius Institutes and Chinese Culture Centers abroad. The institutes and centers serve____41____non-profit institutions(盈利机构) to help foreigners____42____ (well) understand China than before through language teaching and culture introduction.
So far China____43____ (open) 465 Confucius Institutes in 123 countries and regions. There are also 713 Confucius Classrooms operating in middle and primary schools. What’s more, Chinese Culture Centers in Cairo, Paris, Berlin, Tokyo and Denmark, to name a few, are introducing China by holding cultural ____44____ (activity), opening training classes and_____45_____ (build) libraries.
【答案】36. an 37. was set
38. if 39. wisdom
40. widely 41. as
42. better 43. has opened
44. activities
45. building
【解析】
【分析】这是一篇说明文。本文介绍了儒家思想的起源，发展及其在世界上的影响，并且说明了孔子学院在世界的分布情况。
【36题详解】
考查冠词。句意：儒学是由春秋时期孔子的思想发展而来的一种哲学体系，已成为中国文化的重要组成部分。part为可数名词，此处表示泛指“一个重要部分”，且important是发音以元音音素开头的单词，应用an。故填an。
【37题详解】
考查动词时态语态。句意：它由孔子(公元前551年—479年)创立，后来由孟子、董仲舒、王阳明等哲学家发展起来。根据后文was developed可知应用一般过去时，且主语与谓语动词构成被动关系，主语为it，谓语动词应用单数。故填was set。
【38题详解】
考查状语从句。句意：1988年，75位诺贝尔奖得主说，如果人类要生存下去，就必须回到25个世纪以前，学习孔子的智慧。本句为条件状语从句，表示“如果”应用if。故填if。
【39题详解】
考查名词。句意同上。根据上文定冠词the可知应填名词wisdom，作宾语，表示“智慧”。故填wisdom。
【40题详解】
考查副词。句意：今天，儒家思想的句子被广泛用于著名的外国人士的演讲或谈话中。修饰动词use应用副词widely，表示“广泛地”，wide作副词讲表示“宽地”不符合语境。故填widely。
【41题详解】
考查介词。句意：这些机构和中心作为非营利机构，通过语言教学和文化介绍帮助外国人更好地了解中国。结合句意表示“作为”可知短语为serve as。故填as。
【42题详解】
考查比较级。句意同上。根据后文“than before”可知应用比较级better，表示“更好地”。故填better。
【43题详解】
考查动词时态。句意：目前，中国已在123个国家和地区开设了465所孔子学院。时间状语“So far”表明用现在完成时，主语是China，助动词用has，故填has opened。
【44题详解】
考查名词的数。句意：此外，开罗、巴黎、柏林、东京、丹麦等地的中国文化中心正在通过举办文化活动、开设培训班、建设图书馆等方式介绍中国。activity为可数名词，根据下文training classes可知此处应用复数形式。故填activities。
【45题详解】
考查非谓语动词。句意同上。介词by后跟动名词作宾语，此处build与上文holding和opening 构成并列非谓语结构。故填building。
第四部分 写作（共两节，满分40分）
第一节（满分15分）
46. 假定你是晨光中学高三学生李华。你校于8月15日举办了成人礼活动，你的英国朋友Chris很想了解该活动。你于当晚给Chris回一封电子邮件，介绍相关情况，内容包括：
1．成人礼活动内容；2．对活动的感受；3．对自己未来的展望。
注意：
1．写作词数应为80左右；2．可适当加入细节，使内容充实，行文连贯。
参考词汇：the coming-of-age ceremony
Dear Chris,
I’m so glad to hear from you.
___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Yours,
Li Hua
【答案】One possible version:
Dear Chris,
I’m so glad to hear from you. It is my pleasure to share my experience at the coming-of-age ceremony.
First, our principal gave an inspirational speech, emphasizing the importance of taking on greater responsibilities as we transition into adulthood. Afterward, our teachers presented us with certificates symbolizing our readiness to face the challenges of adulthood.
I felt a mix of excitement and nostalgia. It marked a significant milestone in our lives. It was also a moment of reflection, as we looked back on our years in high school and contemplated the future that lies ahead.
Speaking of the future, I aspire to pursue higher education and achieve success in my chosen field. I also want to contribute to society and make a meaningful impact on people’s lives.
Hoping this gives you a better understanding of our coming-of-age ceremony.
Yours,
Li Hua
【解析】
【导语】本篇书面表达属于应用文。题目要求考生回复朋友Chris的邮件，介绍学校成人礼活动的相关情况，需说明活动内容，描述对活动的感受，并分享对未来的展望。
【详解】1. 词汇积累
强调：emphasize→highlight, underline
承担：take on→undertake
象征：symbolize→represent, stand for
追求：pursue→go after, follow
为……做贡献：contribute to→make contributions to
2. 句式拓展
同义句转换
原句：Speaking of the future, I aspire to pursue higher education and achieve success in my chosen field.
拓展句：When it comes to the future, I aspire to pursue higher education and achieve success in my chosen field.
【点睛】[高分句型1] First, our principal gave an inspirational speech, emphasizing the importance of taking on greater responsibilities as we transition into adulthood. (运用了现在分词短语emphasizing…作状语、as引导时间状语从句)
[高分句型2] It was also a moment of reflection, as we looked back on our years in high school and contemplated the future that lies ahead. (运用了as引导时间状语从句、that引导限制性定语从句)
第二节（满分25分）
47. 阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。
When school was over, the day was fading and it started to drizzle(毛毛雨). I stood at the school gate, with a loaded backpack on my shoulders. It was Friday again: a weekend of joy with unlimited sleeping hours and dinner courses specially made to my taste, a weekend at home. I waved goodbye to my friends as they jumped into their fathers’ warm and comfortable cars. Curiously, this gave rise to a disturbing feeling in me. It was not exactly what they called jealousy, but something like dismay(沮丧). I knew all I could expect was an old bike Mom would ride along on, with the badly-oiled chain creaking(嘎吱作响) against the wheel to announce her arrival.
Every Friday when Mom came to pick me up for the weekend, it was a moment full of great expectation and great unease. I always felt my face burning as we rode our way in and out of the numerous cars and saw my friends’ faces sticking out of the car windows. It was like stepping into a ballroom with beautifully dressed ladies and finding yourself in a smelly T-shirt.
To tell you the truth, Mom is quite a headache once in a while. She just looks a homely middle-aged housewife. Being a practitioner of DIY, she knits most of my sweaters, chiefly in old styles. Whenever caught by some curious classmates asking what brand my sweaters are, I’d force a smile and reply in a half joking manner: homemade.
I couldn’t remember when I started to find her such an embarrassment. As a little boy, I relied on her so much. She had been working at home, cooking in the kitchen, knitting by the lamp or riding across town to buy me a book I badly needed. It had always been much fun riding with mom. But just now there seemed to be something standing between us, something that made her so strange to me and me to her.
注意：
1. 续写词数应为150左右；
2. 请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
Today she showed up in a raincoat.
________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Mom tried to cover me with the back of the raincoat again as a storm set in.
________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
【答案】 Today she showed up in a raincoat. Seeing her standing in the heavy rain with all the body wet, I finally could not control myself and shouted at her, “Why do you look so flustered I don’t need you to take me home. I feel ashamed to have a mother like you!” Suddenly, Mom was shocked and silent. Maybe, she had never thought that I would have that feeling of her appearance and our home condition. She said nothing and just covered the raincoat on me. I pushed it away wildly.
Mom tried to cover me with the back of the raincoat again as a storm set in. With a smile, she said, “Dear son, I’m trying my best to earn our living, and I’m sure that if we work harder, we will get whatever we want in the future.” Hearing her words, I felt embarrassed. I thought of the time when she knitted in the deep night and cooked for me in the early morning. Yes, she had always been doing whatever she could to make me live well. But I was still unsatisfied. I had known that if I wanted to get what others had, I should spare no efforts to study hard and get it by myself.
【解析】
【导语】本文以人物为线索展开，主要讲述作者在同学们都是被爸爸们的汽车接回家的时候，他的妈妈却是骑着破旧自行车来接他，这让他感到很丢人，但一个大雨天的经历让作者认识到了自己的错误。
【详解】1.段落续写：
①由第一段首句内容“今天，她穿着雨衣出现了。”可知，第一段可描写作者在看到他的妈妈穿着雨衣出现在学校门口的时候的反应。
②由第二段首句内容“暴风雨来临时，妈妈又试图用雨衣背面盖住我。”可知，第二段可描写作者在和妈妈交流之后，终于认识到了妈妈的辛苦，并且下定决心要通过自己的努力获得他想要的生活。
2.续写线索：看到妈妈——生气——朝妈妈吼叫——妈妈说话——认识到错误
3.词汇积累
行为类
①尽全力做某事：try one’s best to do/ spare no efforts to do/do whatever one can to do
②谋生：earn our living/ make our living
③做饭：cook/make food
情绪类
①羞愧的：ashamed/abashed
②震惊的：shocked/surprised
【点睛】【高分句型1】Maybe, she had never thought that I would have that feeling of her appearance and our home condition.（由that引导的宾语从句）
【高分句型2】I’m sure that if we work harder, we will get whatever we want in the future.（由that引导的宾语从句、if引导的条件状语从句和whatever引导的宾语从句）
【高分句型3】I thought of the time when she knitted in the deep night and cooked for me in the early morning.（由when引导的定语从句）
【高分句型4】Yes, she had always been doing whatever she could to make me live well.（由whatever引导的宾语从句）
【高分句型5】I had known that if I wanted to get what others had, I should spare no efforts to study hard and get it by myself.（由that引导的宾语从句、if引导的条件状语从句和what引导的宾语从句）2023—2024学年度上学期龙西北高中名校联盟
高三开学考试
英语
本试卷共5页 满分150分 考试用时120分钟
注意事项：
1．答卷前，考生务必将自己的姓名、准考证号填写在答题卡上。将条形码横贴在答题卡右上角“条形码粘贴处”。
2．回答选择题时，选出每小题答案后，用2B铅笔把答题卡上对应题目选项的答案信息点涂黑；如需改动、用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案，答案不能答在试卷上。
3．非选择题答案必须写在答题卡各题目指定区域内相应位置上；如需改动，先划掉原来的答案，然后再写上新的答案；不准使用铅笔、修正带和涂改液，不按以上要求作答的答案无效。写在试卷上无效。
4．考生必须保持答题卡的整洁，答题卡不要折叠。考试结束后，将试卷和答题卡一并交回.
第一部分 听力（共两节，满分30分）
做题时，先将答案标在试卷上。录音内容结束后，你将有两分钟的时间将试卷上的答案转涂到答题卡上。
第一节（共5小题；每小题1.5分，满分1.5分）
听下面5段对话，每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。
例：How much is the shirt
A． 19.15. B． 9.18. C． 9.15.
答案是C.
1．When does the conversation take place
A．On September 15th. B．On September 9th. C．On September 6th.
2．How does the woman feel
A．Annoyed. B．Sympathetic. C．Confused.
3．Where are probably the speakers
A．At home. B．In a coffee shop. C．In a restaurant.
4．Why is the man angry with Linda
A．She lost his document. B．She gave him a warning. C．She violated his privacy.
5．What are the speakers mainly talking about
A．The man’s favorite player. B．The game results. C．A popular sport.
第二节（共15小题；每小题1.5分，满分22.5分）
听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间，每段对话或独白读两遍。
听第6段材料，回答第6、7题。
6．Why does the woman talk to the man
A．To talk about the meeting time. B．To tell him her schedule. C．To ask about a class.
7．What will the woman do in the morning
A．Change a lesson with another teacher.
B．Meet the man at the usual place.
C．Meet her company leader.
听第7段材料，回答第8、9、10题，
8．Where are the speakers
A．At a Halloween party. B．At a friend’s home. C．At a coffee shop.
9．What do the speakers have in common
A．They both like baseball. B．They both like dressing up. C．They both like parties.
10．What is the man going to do this Saturday
A．Learn to make coffee. B．Travel with the woman. C．Listen to the woman’s story.
听第8段材料，回答第11至13题。
11．What is the probable relationship between the speakers
A．Designer and client. B．Shop assistant and customer. C．Interviewer and interviewee.
12．What does the woman say about hanfu
A．Its style is the best. B．It contains philosophical ideas. C．It is charming in every aspect.
13．What has the woman found from hanfu
A．Unexplored things in her life. B．Her talent for designing. C．Her inspiration for stories.
听第9段材料，回答第14至17题.
14．What do we know about Maori
A．They rub each other’s noses as a greeting.
B．They make a gesture to say hello.
C．Its impolite for them to give a thumbs-up.
15．What is the woman’s nationality
A．Nigerian. B．British. C．Chinese.
16．How many countries do the speakers mention in total
A．5. B．6. C．7.
17．How does the man suggest the woman write her paper
A．By giving more detailed information.
B．By writing the abstract first.
C．By giving a profound conclusion.
听第10段材料，回答第18至20题.
18．Why was Yaguas National Park founded
A．To develop the tourism industry
B．To do research on plants.
C．To fight climate change.
19．Where does Nigel Pitman work
A．In the museum. B．At the university. C．In the park.
20．How many species of birds are there in Yaguas National Park
A．Around 160. B．Over 500. C．More than 3, 000.
第二部分 阅读（共两节，满分50分）
第一节（共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分）
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项.
A
For children, space is magical — a whole world is out there, with so many things to learn and stories to read. Here are some children’s books about space and the solar system.
Mae among the Stars by Stasia Burrington
This beautifully illustrated picture book is attractive to young kids. It was inspired by the first African American woman in space, Mae Jemison. It tells the story of Mae as a little girl, who always knew she had big dreams about space. This is a great addition to a young kid’s collection, as a reminder to hold tight to dreams and never give up.
Space by Libby Jackson
This beautifully illustrated book gives kids a look at 50 women from around the world who were involved in exploring space in some way, from the 19th century to the present day. This is a perfect gift for young kids who want to know more about some of the lesser-known scientific achievements related to space exploration.
Chasing Space by Leland Melvin
This is Melvin’s story about being a football player-turned-astronaut, along with his recovery from an injury that nearly left him deaf. Kids will love reading his story about how he faced challenges and advanced ahead, and he also includes DIY experiments for kids to try, and a section of full-color photographs.
System and Beyond by David A. Aguilar
The book is full of beautiful illustrations of space, and is perfect for kids of all ages, exploring various planets and the solar system. Unlike other kids’ space book, this is a National Geographic book written and illustrated by an award-winning astronomer and space artist. Aguilar is also the former Director of Science Information and Public Outreach at the Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics.
1. What do Mae among the Stars and Space have in common
A. They include less-known astronauts. B. They tell about scientists’ childhood.
C. They cover women exploring space. D. They are suitable for children of all ages.
2. Whose book attracts children showing interest in experiments
A. Stasia Burrington’s. B. Libby Jackson’s.
C. Leland Melvin’s. D. David A. Aguilar’s.
3. What is unique to System and Beyond
A. It has beautiful pictures. B. It tells about space artists.
C. It has won many grand awards. D. It was written by an astronomer.
B
The Louvre is the most popular museum in the world. Last year, about 10 million visitors, more than 75% of whom were foreign tourists, came to the museum. About 80% of them were here for Mona Lisa-and most of them left unhappy.
According to a survey of British tourists earlier this year, Mona Lisa was voted the world’s most disappointing attraction, beating out Checkpoint Charlie, Spanish Steps, and Urinating Boy in Brussels.
If the museum thinks that it is inspiring the next generation of art lovers, it is in fact doing the opposite, thanks to the huge crowds in front of the picture. The overcrowding here was so bad that Jean-Luc Martinez, the museum’s director, has to admit, “We have to take steps to deal with the overcrowding in the coming years: new entrances and timed tickets for the museum.”
He misunderstands the problem-for the Louvre, with more gallery space than any museum on the planet, isn’t that crowed. On my last visit, the French painting wing had just a few visitors. Even Venus de Milo, perhaps the second most famous work of art in the museum, only drew a comfortable few dozen visitors. In other words, the Louvre does not have an overcrowding problem. It has a Mona Lisa problem. No other famous painting comes anywhere close to monopolizing (垄断) a museum like she does. It is time for the Louvre to admit its failure. The museum does not need new entrances or timed tickets.
Instead, it only needs to set up a moving walkway in front of Mona Lisa and let Samsung or another smartphone company to fix its cutest cameras around her. So visitors can strike a pose on the moving walkway, and download their cutest selfies (自拍像) with Mona Lisa later. I can even picture the moving walkway smoothly guiding tourists past the Mona Lisa into the gift shops, where millions of selfiers can take time to enjoy their pictures, and spend money.
It is time to set it up now since the 2024 Summer Olympics is around the comer.
4. Which was the most disappointing attraction according to the survey ________
A. Mona Lisa. B. Venus de Milo. C. Spanish Steps. D. Urinating Boy.
5. What does the author think of Jean-Luc Martinez’s solution ________
A. Amazing. B. Practical. C. Expensive. D. Unworkable.
6. Why is it so crowded in front of Mona Lisa ________
A A lot of visitors stay there to appreciate it. B. The room housing the picture is too small.
C. Too many visitors want to take a picture with it. D. The ticket for the famous painting is too cheap.
7. What is the author’s main purpose in writing the text ________
A. To share his unpleasant visit to the Louvre.
B. To introduce a famous painting in a museum.
C. To offer a simple solution to the Mona Lisa problem.
D. To show the opportunity brought by the 2024 Olympics.
C
People always underestimate (低估) others’ desire for constructive feedback (反馈) and therefore don’t provide it, even when it can improve another person’s performance. according to research published by the American Psychological Association.
Previous research suggests people avoid giving feedback because they’re afraid that it will embarrass or upset the other person, or that doing so may harm their relationships. Nicole Abi-Esber of Harvard Business School and her colleagues theorized there might be another reason why people refuse to give feedback: They simply don’t fully recognize the potential of their input to improve others’ outcomes, leading them to underestimate others’ desire for such feedback.
To test their theory, the researchers conducted a series of experiments involving 1,984 participants. In one experiment. participants were presented with 10 imaginary awkward social situations at work, where they could either give or receive constructive feedback, In another experiment, participants were asked to recall a situation where they could either have given or received constructive feedback. In the final experiment, participants were paired, with one practising a speech for a competition and the other assigned to listen and provide feedback.
Across all the experiments, people in a position to give feedback consistently underestimated potential receivers’ desire for it. The more consequential the feedback was, the more likely participants were to underestimate the other’s need for feedback and the less likely they were to offer it. The gap was smaller in more everyday, less important situations, such as when the other person had food on their face.
The researchers were surprised to find that simply asking people to quickly reflect “If you were this person, would you want feedback ” helped participants recognize the value of feedback to the other person and helped close the giver-receiver gap. “Take a second and ask yourself if you would want feedback if you were them. Most likely you would, and this realization can help empower you to give them feedback,” said Abi-Esber.
“Feedback is key to personal growth and improvement.” said coauthor Francesca Gino, also of Harvard Business School. “The next time you hear someone mispronounce a word, or see a dirty mark on their shirt, point it out to them — they probably want feedback more than you think.”
8. What makes people fail to give feedback according to previous research
A. Their own sense of embarrassment. B. Their fear of unpleasant outcomes.
C. Their poor ability to interact with others. D. Their failure to realize others’ needs.
9. What does the underlined word “consequential” in paragraph 4 probably mean
A. Regular. B. Understandable.
C. Important. D. Achievable.
10. How can people be made more willing to offer constructive feedback
A. Urge them to recall great feelings of helping others.
B. Train them to pay attention to much bigger problems.
C. Encourage them to ask about the other persons’ desire.
D. Get them to imagine they’re in the other persons’ shoes.
11. What does Francesca Gino mainly try to do in the last paragraph
A. Present a fact. B. Give warnings.
C. Provide advice. D. Make a summary.
D
Tesla’s self-driving cars have recently come under investigation as a report on crashes raises questions about their safety. Despite Tesla CEO Elon Musk’s claim that their Autopilot capability makes their cars “unequivocally (毫不含糊地) safer,” data suggests otherwise.
According to The Washington Post, the number of deaths and serious injuries associated with Tesla’s driver-assistance technology is higher than previously reported. The National Highway Traffic Safety Administration (NHTSA) recorded 736 crashes since 2019, with at least17 of them being fatal. These figures include crashes involving both Autopilot, which allows cars to drive on highways without human intervention, and the newer Full Self-Driving feature, which extends automation to city streets. However, these statistics can’t record incidents that were avoided due to the cars’ safety features. Additionally, when compared to the total number of car crashes that occurred last year, the number of crashes involving driver-assistance vehicles appears relatively small, but actually it’s not.
Tesla’s safety claims lack context as Autopilot is primarily designed for highways, while most accidents occur in more complex environments with cross-traffic, pedestrians, and cyclists. Moreover, Tesla’s customer base consists mainly of wealthier individuals who live in communities with lower accident rates.
Concerns are raised by Tesla’s request to the NHTSA not to reveal whether Autopilot or Full Self-Driving was in use during fatal crashes. This lack of transparency (透明) prevents a comprehensive analysis of the incidents and raises questions about responsibility.
Safety exaggerations (夸大) combined with Tesla’s aggressive marketing have led to accidents caused by drivers relying too heavily on the system. Full Self-Driving does not allow the car to fully drive itself, and drivers are expected to remain attentive and ready to intervene at all times. However, Tesla’s messaging may mislead some users into believing otherwise.
While a driverless future has the potential to be safer, it is crucial not to convince the public that underdeveloped capabilities are ready for widespread use. Tesla should address past problems, ensure their automation set can detect emergency vehicles, and be transparent with the public about the limitations of their technology. Rushing the implementation of such technology without addressing its limitations could lead to serious consequences on the road.
12. What can we learn about Tesla’s driver-assistance-related crashes from paragraph 2
A. 736 fatal cases of self-driving are recorded.
B. NHTSA focused on the crashes on highways.
C. The total number of car crashes is extremely small.
D. The incidents avoided are not counted in the crash statistics.
13. What can be inferred about Tesla’s safety claims
A. They are supported by comprehensive data.
B. They are based on limited driving environment.
C. They are restricted to the experiences of satisfied customers.
D. They have been proven to be accurate and reliable by NHTSA.
14. What can we know about Full Self-Driving
A. It is ill-received. B. It is well-developed.
C. It needs the driver to stay focused. D. It reduces the accidents greatly.
15. Which title best summarizes the content of this text
A. Concerns and Questions Surrounding Tesla’s “Self-Driving” Cars
B. Tesla’s Self-Driving Cars: The Safest Option of Driving on the Road
C. The Future of Self-Driving Cars: A Closer Look at Tesla’s Technology
D. Reconstruction and Revolution of Tesla’s Autopilot and Full Self-Driving
第二节（共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分）
阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
Making the Most of Life Experiences
If you ask anyone what the purpose of life is, you’ll likely receive wildly different responses. The answer is deeply personal because different things are important to us throughout the course of our lives. ____16____Finding ways to make the most of our experiences is a challenge we face every day. Here are some ways to make your experiences meaningful.
Follow your dreams.
The number one way to live a life free of regret is to follow your dreams. Enthusiasm will die without actions supporting them.____17____Every day take an action, no matter how small, to achieve your goals. Each day is a step forward and none of it is wasted.
Make lots of mistakes.
____18____Many of my strongest memories come from the times I’ve failed, and those lessons have stayed with me. Failure is beneficial to us. And time allows me to see the value of even the most painful situation.
____19____
Difficult and painful experiences shape our character but can also let us feel down. These stop us from moving forward. So much of our progress in life relies on willpower and a healthy state of mind. If you’re under stress, your body and mind both require time to recover. ____20____
For me, life is about experiences. We all have to dream, work hard, and fail before we can achieve success. Maybe we’ll discover along the way that the journey is more important than the destination.
A. Take care of yourself.
B Improve your personality.
C. Making mistakes is the surest path to grow as a person.
D. It’s best to rest, recover, and slowly build back up your strength.
E. Yet one thing stays with us no matter where we go: our experiences.
F. Though we try our best to make fewer mistakes, it is impossible to avoid them.
G. Though we can’t choose the result of our actions, we can choose to keep pursuing.
第三部分 语言运用（共两节，满分30分）
第一节（共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分）
阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
One of the most powerful forces of nature is motherly love. It is found not just in humans but is ____21____ among many other types of creatures. It is well known the mother bears are fiercely ____22____ of their young and can easily attack any ____23____ human being. About 20 years ago a homeless ____24____ drew international headlines. In Argentina a man was walking on a____25____ night when he heard the cries of a baby. Following the sound, he found a newborn human baby being warmed by a dog. The baby, who had been ____26____ by her mother, was later taken to hospital with only minor ____27____
An animal's maternal (母性的) instinct can be so strong that the mother will often ____28____ her own life to save her young. When cases of this type of ____29____ are reported, the stories can be heartwarming or _____30_____, depending on the circumstances. One story related to Australia's deadly wildfires touched people across the world. A firefighter_____31_____ a female koala (考拉) lying on top of her young, _____32_____ its baby from smoke. Another story however, ended sadly. Last year, people in America found an opossum (负鼠) that had been _____33_____ by a car, lying in the street, but _____34_____ the pocket of skin on its stomach were nine protected babies, still drinking milk from their dead mother's body.
The love of a mother indeed knows no_____35_____.
21. A. complex B. crucial C. specific D. evident
22. A. proud B. protective C. skeptical D. sick
23. A. threatening B. inspiring C. annoying D. striking
24. A. man B. woman C. dog D. bear
25. A. hot B. cold C. clear D. quiet
26. A. abandoned B. protected C. tended D. wrapped
27. A. setbacks B. concerns C. errors D. injuries
28. A. cherish B. risk C. lengthen D. change
29 A. romances B. fantasies C. sacrifices D. memories
30. A. tragic B. funny C. thrilling D. scary
31. A. looked into B. ran into C. burst into D. got into
32. A. distinguishing B. separating C. sheltering D. releasing
33. A. seized B. carried C. killed D. stopped
34. A. inside B. outside C. over D. beyond
35. A. benefits B. boundaries C. results D. secrets
第二节（共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分）
语法填空
Confucianism, developed from thoughts by Confucius during the Spring and Autumn Period, is a philosophical system which has become____36____important part of Chinese culture. It____37____ (set) up by Confucius (551-479BC) and later was developed by philosophers, including Mencius, Dong Zhongshu, Wang Yangming and others.
Confucianism means a lot not only to China, but also to the world. In 1988, 75 Nobel prize winners said that ____38____mankind is to survive (生存), it must go back 25 centuries in time to learn from the____39____ (wise) ofConfucius. Today, sentences from Confucianism are ____40____ (wide) used in speeches or talks given by famous foreign people. Besides, people around the globe can learn about Confucius ideas in Confucius Institutes and Chinese Culture Centers abroad. The institutes and centers serve____41____non-profit institutions(盈利机构) to help foreigners____42____ (well) understand China than before through language teaching and culture introduction.
So far China____43____ (open) 465 Confucius Institutes in 123 countries and regions. There are also 713 Confucius Classrooms operating in middle and primary schools. What’s more, Chinese Culture Centers in Cairo, Paris, Berlin, Tokyo and Denmark, to name a few, are introducing China by holding cultural ____44____ (activity), opening training classes and_____45_____ (build) libraries.
第四部分 写作（共两节，满分40分）
第一节（满分15分）
46. 假定你是晨光中学高三学生李华。你校于8月15日举办了成人礼活动，你的英国朋友Chris很想了解该活动。你于当晚给Chris回一封电子邮件，介绍相关情况，内容包括：
1．成人礼活动内容；2．对活动的感受；3．对自己未来的展望。
注意：
1．写作词数应为80左右；2．可适当加入细节，使内容充实，行文连贯。
参考词汇：the coming-of-age ceremony
Dear Chris,
I’m so glad to hear from you.
___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Yours,
Li Hua
第二节（满分25分）
47. 阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。
When school was over, the day was fading and it started to drizzle(毛毛雨). I stood at the school gate, with a loaded backpack on my shoulders. It was Friday again: a weekend of joy with unlimited sleeping hours and dinner courses specially made to my taste, a weekend at home. I waved goodbye to my friends as they jumped into their fathers’ warm and comfortable cars. Curiously, this gave rise to a disturbing feeling in me. It was not exactly what they called jealousy, but something like dismay(沮丧). I knew all I could expect was an old bike Mom would ride along on, with the badly-oiled chain creaking(嘎吱作响) against the wheel to announce her arrival.
Every Friday when Mom came to pick me up for the weekend, it was a moment full of great expectation and great unease. I always felt my face burning as we rode our way in and out of the numerous cars and saw my friends’ faces sticking out of the car windows. It was like stepping into a ballroom with beautifully dressed ladies and finding yourself in a smelly T-shirt.
To tell you the truth, Mom is quite a headache once in a while. She just looks a homely middle-aged housewife. Being a practitioner of DIY, she knits most of my sweaters, chiefly in old styles. Whenever caught by some curious classmates asking what brand my sweaters are, I’d force a smile and reply in a half joking manner: homemade.
I couldn’t remember when I started to find her such an embarrassment. As a little boy, I relied on her so much. She had been working at home, cooking in the kitchen, knitting by the lamp or riding across town to buy me a book I badly needed. It had always been much fun riding with mom. But just now there seemed to be something standing between us, something that made her so strange to me and me to her.
注意：
1. 续写词数应为150左右；
2. 请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
Today she showed up in a raincoat.
________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Mom tried to cover me with the back of the raincoat again as a storm set in.
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