高中试卷答案网语法专题练习五：动词和动词短语
一、
1.Having dinner with children is a valuable way to _______ (strong) family bond (家庭纽带).
2.Rather than _________ (give) in, Nathan Hale would choose to die.
3.He found his office _________(break) into when he returned.
4.—Do you want to give a talk on that subject
—I _________(not prefer).
5.When her mother was ready to retire, there was an opportunity opened for Laqueur to take _________ the studio.
6.It is common for people to make the same plans year after year, even though they have difficulty in sticking _________ them.
7.It is reported that two travelers lost their way in the desert and almost died __________ thirst.
8.A year after Vienna was included on the World Heritage List in 2001, the World Heritage Committee(WHC) expressed concerns __________ the architectural solution.
9.Understand you always have a right to __________ down an invitation or refuse a favor and figure out the best ways to say "No".
10.The specialist tried to get his new idea of public transportation __________ to the people, but in vain.
11.Not everyone who goes rock climbing is as crazy as Alex. Many a person _____(do) it safely or on special indoor walls.
12.During my childhood, my parents used to say, "Helping others _____(mean) helping yourself." It has left a deep impression on me.
二、阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号 内单词的正确形式。
China's research icebreaker Xuelong, ①________ 126 crew members aboard on the 35th Antarctic research mission, on Thursday local time left the Zhongshan Station on ②________ (it) way back to China.
Snow Eagle 601, China's first fixed-wing aircraft for polar flight, on Thursday night also departed from the Antarctic after ③________ (complete) all assignments.
Xuelong, ④________ arrived near Zhongshan on Feb. 9, 2019, supplied the station with fuel oil, and then picked up summer expedition team members at the Kunlun, Taishan and Zhongshan stations, as well as ⑤________ (member) of the fixed-wing aircraft project.
Sixteen members of the Kunlun team ⑥________ (previous) completed all scientific expeditions at Dome Argus (Dome A), the South Pole's highest ice cap. They, together with 21 members of the Taishan team, ⑦________ (return) to Zhongshan on Feb. 8, 2019.
The Zhongshan team completed tasks including installations and tests for LiDAR, atmospheric sounding ⑧________ (observe), surveys of birds and aerial explorations carried out by the fixed-wing aircraft.
As the summer expedition team at Zhongshan left, 19 members would stay for winter expeditions.
Also ⑨________ (know) as the Snow Dragon, the icebreaker carrying a research team set sail from Shanghai on Nov. 2, 2018, beginning ⑩________ country's 35th Antarctic expedition.
阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容(1个单词)或括号内单词的正确形式。
PM stands for particulate(微粒的) matter: the term for a mixture of solid particles(粒子) and liquid droplets in the air. Some particles are large or dark enough to be seen by our eyes. Others are so small that they can only ①________(discover) with a microscope.
These particles come in many sizes and ②________ (shape) and can be made up of many different chemicals. Some come directly from a source, such as fields or fires. Most particles form ③________ the atmosphere as a result of complex reactions of chemicals, ④________ are pollutants from power plants, industries and automobiles.
Particulate matter ⑤________ (contain) microscopic particles that are so small that they can be breathed in and make one ⑥________ (serious) ill. Some particles less than 10 micrometers in diameter can get deep into your lungs ⑦________ some may even get into your bloodstream. Of these, particles less than 2.5 micrometers in diameter, also known as PM2.5, create the ⑧________ (great) risk to health.
Fortunately, every day the Air Quality Index (AQI) tells you how clean or ⑨________ (pollute) your outdoor air is, along with associated health effects that may be of concern. The AQI translates air quality data into numbers and colors that help you understand when ⑩________ (take) action to protect your health.
阅读下列材料，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
Abby is a nine-year-old girl. She doesn’t like cleaning her room even though her mother often asks her ①_________.
One Saturday morning, Abby’s mother came upstairs to see Abby in her bedroom. It was astonishing that she saw there was so much mess on the floor. There were ②_________ (variety) things. And even there were some ③_________ (cushion) on the floor.
④_________ moment she saw the mess, her mother got angry. She wanted to take advantage ⑤_________ the time to teach her daughter a lesson. So she said, “Oh, no. Abby, your room is in a mess all the time. It demands to be cleaned up immediately." “What I wonder is ⑥_________ I have to clean up my room now," Abby asked. Mum replied, “Because things get broken or lost when they’re all out of control like e on, have a tidy-up now.” Though ⑦_________ (ask) to clean her room, Abby argued, “But Tm very busy and I am bored with this kind of housework.” She thought her mother’s words were not sensible. Her mother said, “You must do the cleaning. Otherwise, you will be published. I have an idea that I'll give you extra pocket money if you do a good job. Then Mum went downstairs.
When Mum came back later, the room was ⑧_________ (obvious) different. That all the toys, clothes and books had disappeared made her mum quite surprised. “You have done a good job and you have made an ⑨_________ (impress) on me,’’ said Mum. “But TH check it again later. ’’ “It’s easy,’’ said Abby. “Can I have my extra pocket money now ” Her mother was in favour of her request, “All right. Get it out of my change purse. It’s in the kitchen drawer. ”Abby ran to the kitchen and pulled open the drawer. The drawer was so tidy that the purse ⑩_________ (find) at first sight. “Any luck ” Mum asked. Abby nodded and took her pocket money happily.
答案以及解析
一、
1.答案：strengthen
解析：考查动词。句意：与孩子共进晚餐是加强家庭成员关系的一种有用的方法。a way to do sth：一种做某事的方法。此处需要填入strong（强壮的）的动词形式strengthen（加强）。故填strengthen。
2.答案：give
3.答案：broken
4.答案：prefer not to
5.答案：over
解析：考查动词短语。句意为:当Laqueur的妈妈准备退休时, Laqueur有机会接管这个工作室。take over是固定短语，意为“接管”。故填over。
6.答案：to
解析：考查动词短语。句意为:人们年复一年地制订同样的计划是很常见的,即使他们难以坚持这些计划。stick to是固定短语,意为“坚持”。故填to。
7.答案：of
解析：考查动词短语。句意为:据报道,两位游客在沙漠里迷路了,险些渴死。die of...是固定短语,意为“死于……”。故填of。
8.答案：about/for/over
解析：考查介词的用法。句意为:2001年,在维也纳被列入世界遗产名录一年后,世界遗产委员会(WHC)对建筑上的解决方案表示关切。名词concern和about/for/over搭配意为“对……的关切”。故填about/for/over。
9.答案：turn
解析：考查动词短语。句意为:你要明白,你一直有权利拒绝邀请或拒绝帮助,并弄清楚说“不”的最佳方式。turn down是固定短语,意为“拒绝”。故填turn。
10.答案：across
解析：考查动词短语。句意为:这个专家试图让公众明白自己关于公共交通的新理念,但却未能成功。get sth. across to sb.是固定短语,意为"使某事被某人理解"。故填across。
11.答案：does
解析：句意为:不是每个去攀岩的人都像亚历克斯一样疯狂。很多人会安全地做这件事,或是在室内特殊的墙上进行攀岩。根据第一句中的goes和is可知,此处应用一般现在时,且主语前面有Many a修饰,动词应用第三人称单数形式。故填does。
12.答案：means
解析：句意为:小时候,我父母常说:“帮助别人就是帮助自己。”它给我留下了深刻的印象。分析句子成分可知,此处应为谓语动词;设空处所在句是直接引用别人说的话,故应用说话人当时的时态,故用一般现在时。所引用的话中,主语为动名词短语Helping others,谓语动词用第三人称单数形式,故填means。
二、
答案：with; its; completing; which; members; previously; returned; observation; known; the
解析：本文是一篇记叙文,讲述了雪龙号科考船在南极的科考经历。
①考查介词。根据句意可知,设空处表示伴随的意思,需用“with+宾语+宾语补足语”的结构。故填with。
②考查代词。设空处修饰名词way,用it的形容词性物主代词,故填its。on one's way back to表示“在某人回……的路上”。
③考查非谓语动词。设空处位于介词after之后,用动名词形式。故填completing。
④考查非限制性定语从句的引导词。根据句子结构以及设空处前的逗号可知,设空处引导非限制性定语从句,修饰Xuelong,在非限制性定语从句中作主语,且表示物,故填which。
⑤根据as well as前面的members为复数形式可知,此处的member也需用复数形式。
⑥考查副词。设空处修饰completed,应用previous的副词形式,故填previously。
⑦考查动词时态。根据全文主体时态为一般过去时可知,设空处也需用一般过去时,表示过去发生的动作,故填returned。
⑧考查名词。根据设空处前的installations和tests可知,设空处也需用名词的复数形式,故填observations。句意:中山队完成了包括激光雷达的安装和测试、大气探测观察……在内的任务。
⑨考查非谓语动词。根据句子结构可知,设空处需用非谓语动词形式;the icebreaker与know构成被动关系,故用过去分词作状语。be known as...为固定词组,表示“作为……而出名”。
⑩考查冠词。根据第一段中的the 35th Antarctic research可知,设空处特指我国第35次科学考察任务,故填the。
答案：1. be discovered2. shapes3. in4. which5. contains6. seriously7. and/while8. greatest9. polluted10. to take
答案：1. to 2. various 3. cushions 4. The 5. of 6. why 7. asked 8. obviously 9. impression10. was found
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