高中试卷答案网上海市育才中学2021级高三第一学期10月练习
考试时间120分钟，满分140分
I. Listening Comprehension 25分
Section A 10分
Directions: In Section A, you will hear ten short conversations between two speakers. At the end of each conversation, a question will be asked about what was said. The conversations and the questions will be spoken only once. After you hear a conversation and the question about it, read the four possible answers on your paper, and decide which one is the best answer to the question you have heard.
1. A. To a bank. B. To a travel agency.
C. To a drugstore. D. To Spain.
2. A. He forgot to submit his paper. B. He misremembered the deadline.
C. He didn't finish his paper on time. D. He couldn't focus his mind on the paper.
3. A. She is a movie enthusiast. B. She prefers thrillers to romances.
C. She doesn't like thrillers. D. She is not in the mood for any movie.
4. A. Because she is not good at calculating.
B. Because she hurried to finish the report.
C. Because she is quite a careless person.
D. Because she cited unconfirmed figures.
5. A. Lily forgot to deliver discs to the man.
B. The man failed to renew the address.
C. Lily planned to visit the new dormitory.
D. The discs might have been mailed to the former place.
6. A. The woman doesnt enjoy the leftovers.
B. The man is an excellent cook in the army.
C. The man has invited many people for lunch.
D. The man intentionally prepared much food.
7. A. The man should be more diligent.
B. Cramming is effective for an exam.
C. Biology is indeed difficult to learn.
D. The man shouldn’t have stayed up that late.
8. A. Arrange to apply for another room.
B. Make a complaint about her roommate.
C. Ask her roommate to move out of the room.
D. Change rooms with someone in the housing office.
9. A. Helen’s hard work is rewarding.
B. Helen is an accomplished job hunter.
C. Helen always complains about her job.
D. Helen is viewed as a model by the speakers.
10. A. Every student should value Chinese culture.
B. Chinese students are humble and reserved.
C. He is deeply impressed by Chinese culture.
D..Chinese students lack the courage to share ideas.
Section B 15分
Directions: In Section B, you will hear two short passages and one longer conversation, and you will be asked three questions on each of the passages and the conversations. The passages and the conversations will be read twice, but the questions will be spoken only once. When you hear a question, read the four possible answers on your paper and decide which one would be the best answer to the question you have heard.
Questions 11 through 13 are based on the following passage.
11. A. To relocate to safer grounds. B. To migrate with the seasons.
C. To seek more hunting grounds. D. To gather more food for survival.
12. A. It once belonged to the North sea. B. It was drowned by the melt water.
C. It was an island abundant in wildlife. D. It was unveiled by the modern fishermen.
13. A. Polar ice caps will continue to melt at a rapid rate.
B. The sea floor witnessed the rise and fall of the Europe.
C. Doggerland is the birthplace of English civilization.
D. Coastal residents are vulnerable to the climate change.
Questions 14 through 16 are based on the following passage.
14. A. Scientists in Britain are going to collect rocks on Mars.
B. The discovery of Boron is a milestone in Mars exploration.
C. Evidence indicates there exist plants and animals on Mars.
D. The microscope is mainly used to identify different rocks.
15. A. Basic molecules for life. B. More essential chemicals.
C. Holes caused by microbes. D. Ancient material from Mars.
16. A. The development of life on Mars. B. The search for signs of life on Mars.
C. The importance of research on rocks. D. The discovery of surface water on Mars.
Questions 17 through 20 are based on the following conversation.
17. A. To practise skateboarding. B. To encourage teenagers in trouble.
C. To support a non-profit organization. D. To fulfil his dream of touring Europe.
18. A. They served as tour guides for Joe. B. They kept a record of Joe’s journey.
C. They transported equipment for Joe. D. They took care of Joe’s accommodation.
19. A. He covered a rather long distance. B. He tried to follow his friends’ van.
C. He fell down and broke the trainers. D. He climbed over the rugged mountains.
20. A. Prepare for another trip. B. Resign from his current job.
C. Write a book about his journey. D. Renew a contract with the organization.
II. Grammar and Vocabulary 20分
Section A Grammar
Directions: After reading the passage below, fill in the blanks to make the passage coherent and grammatically correct. For the blanks with a given word, fill in each blank with the proper form of the given word; for the other blanks, use one word that best fits each blank. 10分
Do you know someone who is exceptionally picky when it comes to the food to eat, the clothes to wear, or the people to date Choosy people tend to be somewhat overly analytical - they carefully weigh the pros and cons of most decisions. As a result, they tend to take a lot of time (21)________(make) up their minds.
Remember Jerry from Seinfeld He was extremely picky regarding the people he dated. Any physical flaw, (22)________small, was Jerry's reason for rejecting a possible dating partner. I had a friend who was like that. He didn't like the shape of this girl's chin, or another (23)_______ ears were “too large for her face.” As a result, he rarely dated anyone.
A waitress told me a story of a particular picky woman. The restaurant had a special salad (24)________tons of ingredients. This woman would go down the list of ingredients and say, “I don't like cucumbers, take that out...take out the cilantro, no tomatoes, etc.” The waitress said that by the time she was done, it was (25)________salad of just iceberg lettuce! People who are not picky - the opposite end of the scale - tend to be (26)________(impulsive), flexible, and open to experience.
Our research found that some people are only picky in particular areas of their lives - eating, dating, or when (27)________(evaluate) goods for purchase, although most were picky in most things. Picky people tend to analyze, and often overanalyze, the choices that they are about to make. Some of them can drive salespersons crazy as they hesitate, evaluate. and hesitate again.
A contractor(承包商), who (28)________(remodel) a couple of houses, told me the story of two extreme clients. The first, who was extremely choosy, took forever to decideon bathroom fixtures, appliances, cabinets, and paint. (29)________ ________ the non-picky one, looked at three similar colors and said, “They're all ok, you choose.”
While choosy individuals (30)________ spend long time deciding, being analytical and slowing to act, non-choosy people's impulsiveness may lead to quick, and unwise decisions. However, the truth is that non-choosy people may also make their quick decisions, and rationalize them to make them fit, even if it wasn't the best decision in the first place.
Section B Vocabulary
Directions: Complete the following passage by using the words in the box. Each word can only be used once. Note that there is one word more than you need. 10分
A. claimed B. evacuate C. fabrics D. regular E. significantly F. sink G. rainstorms H. similar I. initially J. swallowing K. thought
“It was a wave of water,” says Oulimata Sambe. She points out the still-sodden(湿透的) armchairs, muddy wardrobe and the water stain a metre and a half up the wall in her small house in Ngor, a fishing village within Dakar, the capital of Senegal. “I had two grandkids on my bed, I had to (31)______ them out of the window,” she adds. Not faraway, underpasses on Dakar's scenic corniche(滨海路) became car-(32)______ lakes. Just weeks earlier another downpour had turned quiet streets in Dakar into raging rivers and collapsed a section of motorway.
(33)______ events regularly occur across the region. Recent flooding and landslides also killed eight people in Freetown, the capital of Sierra Leone. In June flooding killed 12 people in Abidjan, the commercial capital of Ivory Coast. Floods in Lagos, Nigeria’s commercial capital, (34)______ another seven lives. Even when they are not deadly, city floods ruin lives and livelihoods. Storm water recently flooded the biggest textile(纺织业) market in Kano, a city in northern Nigeria, destroying hundreds of thousands of dollars’ worth of (35)______.
Unusually heavy rains have become (36)______ more common over the past 30 years, leaving huge numbers of people at risk. In places this is partly because of deforestation. A recent study by Christopher Taylor of the UK Centre for Ecology and Hydrology, a research institute, and his coauthors found that afternoon (37)______ in deforested parts of coastal west Africa happen twice as often compared with 30 years ago. Their frequency went up by only about a third in places that kept their forests.
Yet (38)______ flooding of cities in west Africa is not only caused by heavier rain. Unplanned urbanization is also to blame. As cities have grown, builders have thrown up concrete walls with little (39)______ about providing drainage, making it harder for water to find a clear path to the sea. As ever larger areas have been paved over, there has been less exposed soil into which water can gently (40)______ away. And as cites get more packed with new arrivals, their few functioning drains get overwhelmed or clogged.
III. Reading Comprehension 45分
Section A
Directions: For each blank in the following passage there are four words or phrases marked A, B C and D. Fill in each blank with the word or phrase that best fits the context. 15分
When Harry told me that he was leaving the company, one of the first things he said to me was that he didn’t like emotional goodbyes. I have decided to take him at his word. Everything you will hear me say tonight is straightforward and ___41___, just like the man himself.
Harry has been in the finance departent for seven years. In that time, he has not done anything remotely ___42___. I asked several people if they had anecdotes(轶事) about him, and the best they could come up with is that he once accidentally changed a formula in the annual budget spreadsheet. Since the ___43___ was quickly spotted and fixed, it had no impact at all.
Will Harry be ___44___ Not at all, though for reasons that he may not fully grasp. This is an evening in which the person who is leaving receives presents (as well as a card from people whose names you don't recognize but who just loved working with you). But the ___45___ goes both ways. The leavers have a parting gift of their own to present: a convenient scapegoat(替罪羊).
When someone dies, the convention is not to speak ill of the departed. When an employee ___46___ a company, it's the opposite. Things that don't work as well as they should can be laid at the door of someone who won't ___47___. Frustrations that have been suppressed can finally be blamed on someone. When we speak of you, we will say things like “Harry had many strengths but...", and we will ___48___ ourselves that you held us back a bit. This will not be true, but it will be ___49___. I'd like to take this opportunity to tell you that we are grateful for this ___50___ act of service, which can last for as long as a year after someone has actually left the building. After that, memories tend to fade. I wish I could promise you that you are part of company folklore, or that your role in banning plastic straws from the office will ring through the ages. ___51___, the only guarantee I can give is that no one here will ever read your exit-interview notes.
This may all seem a little ___52___. You have spent many years at the company, and yet will probably ___53___. But in spite of that, you should still feel ___54___ in your time here. To have done your work well and to leave at a time of your choosing are achievements that are beyond most people. So please raise your glasses to Harry. He has been an excellent colleague and won't really be ___55___.
41. A. off the guard B. to the point C. in the swing D. on the horizon
42. A. funny B. impressive C. correct D. creative
43. A. breakdown B. discovery C. mistake D. crack
44. A. hated B. remembered C. adored D. forgotten
45. A. impact B. exchange C. ceremony D. end
46. A. joins B. founds C. reforms D. exits
47. A. come up B. answer back C. leave off D. back away
48. A. persuade B. inform C. remind D. caution
49. A. pointless B. consequential C. significant D. convenient
50. A. selfless B. grand C. final D. accidental
51. A. Instead B. Otherwise C. Besides D. Therefore
52. A. weird B. amusing C. exciting D. sad
53. A. make no difference B. leave little trace
C. have some say D. produce much impact
54. A. regret B. guilt C. pride D. pain
55. A. missed B. replaced C. erased D. blamed
Section B
Directions: Read the following three passages. Each passage is followed by several questions or unfinjshed statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A, B,C and D. Choose the one that fits best according to the information given in the passage you have just read. 22分
A
Worth nearly $ltrn, Facebook is the world’s sixth-most-valuable company. Its revenues have grown by 56% in the past year, and its share price by more than a quarter. Nearly 3bn people use its products every month. Why did such a successful company change its name as Meta
The likely official reason for the rebranding is that the firm has outgrown the social network that Mark Zuckerberg started 17 years ago in a Harvard dorm. Today it includes other social apps (Instagram, WhatsApp, Messenger) and video hardware (Oculus, Portal). It has launched a digital wallet (Novi) and may yet offer a currency (Diem). Mr Zuckerberg expects people eventually to associate his firm more with the “metaverse”(元字宙), a virtual space for work play and more, than with social media.
Facebook wouldn't be the first tech giant to do so. In 2015 Google set up Alphabet, a holding company for the search engine and its many side projects. Under this model, Facebook would become just another app within a wider family, though by far it has been the biggest earner.
There is another possible motive for a makeover. For all its financial success, the Facebook brand has become tarnished. The social network is blamed for fueling everything from teenage anorexia (厌食症) to uprising at the US Capitol. Public trust in it is lower than in most tech giants, and falling. Although two years ago the firm started branding its apps as being “from Facebook”, its new smart glasses, which can record video and take phone calls, feature only the logo of its partner, Ray-Ban. A former employee revealed that Facebook was trying to cover up a drop in young American users.
Mr Zuckerberg himself has been a reason for much of the criticism of Facebook, and of bossy tech firms more generally. As the all-powerful founder, he has a higher profile than his opposite numbers at TikTok, YouTube and other social networks. Normally, a brand facing a reputational crisis might dump its unpopular CEO. But Mr Zuckerberg’s position is immovable, which may explain why he would want to dump the brand instead.
56. Facebook changed its name because________.
A. it wanted people to associate its name with universe
B. it was trying to follow the fashion led by Google
C. it expected to expand its business to a wider range
D. its former name has brought bad reputation to the company
57. What can we know about Facebook
A. It was founded by Zuckerberg in Harvard's dormitory.
B. It has a positive influence on teenagers’ mind and actions.
C. It is as popular among young people in the US as it was.
D. It produced smart glasses with two companies’ logos on it.
58. What does the underlined word “tarnished” mean in the passage
A. distinguished B. abandoned C. globalized D. spoiled
59. This passage probably appears in________.
A. a science review B. a business magazine
C. a technical report D. the website of Facebook
B
The Pros and Cons of Napping
Daytime resting: helpful or harmful
Getting some sleep, even a short afternoon nap, may seem like a good thing for people with sleep disorders. But for those with insomnia and an already decreased desire to sleep at night, midday shut-eye can actually be counterproductive. So before you curl up on the couch this afternoon, consider whether your quick fix might backfire when you lie down in bed tonight.
Trouble sleeping at night
If you have insomnia, naps present a problem, even if you feel tired during the day. Napping during the day can perpetuate bad sleep habits for people with temporary sleep issues caused by stress, illness, or jet lag too.
“Even just a little bit of a power nap reduces your night time sleep drive,” says Ralph Downey III, PhD, director of the Sleep Disorders Center at Loma Linda University Medical Center in Califoria. “The nap becomes nothing more than another episode of fragmented sleep.”
Getting through the day
If you don't have a problem getting your z’s at night, a quick nap can work wonders to pull you through a tiresome or sleep-deprived day. In fact, a 2008 study found that a 45-minute daytime nap can improve memory function. And previous studies have found that naps can lower blood pressure.
Those who suffer from narcolepsy or shift-work syndrome may also benefit from daytime naps, says James Wyatt, PhD, director of the Sleep Disorders Service and Research Center at Rush University Medical Center in Chicago.
Fatigue could be a warning sign
If you're constantly fighting the urge to sleep during the day and falling asleep instantly at night, you might have obstructive sleep apnea, a condition in which you stop breathing while you sleep.
In this case, naps won't help. By wearing a continuous positive airway pressure(CPAP) machine that flows oxygen through your nose, however, you'll likely sleep more soundly and wake refreshed whether from a good night's rest or a quick catnap.
60. If you suffer from insomnia________.
A. midday shut-eye may be helpful
B. a short afternoon nap is probably a good thing
C. napping during the day is considered a good habit
D. a little bit of a power nap decreases your night time sleep desire
61. A quick nap can be beneficial for common people except those________.
A. who have a problem falling into sleep at night
B. whose memory is not good enough
C. who suffer from shift-work syndrome
D. whose blood pressure is too high
62. It can be inferred from the passage that________.
A. naps are helpful for those who have obstructive sleep apnea
B. more oxygen through your nose might improve sleep quality
C. a 45-minute daytime nap can be beneficial for those with insomnia
D. a quick nap can pull everyone through a sleep-deprived day
C
Delivering life-saving drugs directly to the brain in a safe and effective way is a challenge for medical providers. One key reason: the blood-brain barrier, which protects the brain from tissue-specific drug delivery. Methods such as an injection or a pill aren't as precise or immediate as doctors might prefer, and ensuring delivery right to the brain often requires invasive risky techniques.
A team of engineers from Washington University in St. Louis has developed a new nanoparticle generation-delivery method that could someday vastly improve drug delivery to the brain, making it as simple as a sniff.
“This would be a nanoparticle nasal spray, and the delivery system could allow medicine to reach the brain within 30 minutes to one hour,” said Ramesh Raliya, research scientist at the School of Engineering & Applied Science.
“The blood-brain barrier protects the brain from foreign substances in the blood that may injure the brain,” Raliya said. “But when we need to deliver something there, getting through that barrier is difficult and invasive. Our non-invasive technique can delivel drugs via nanoparticles so there’s less risk and better response times.”
The novel appronch is based on aerosol(气落胶) science and enginecring principles that allow the gencation of monodisperse nanoparticles, which can deposit on upper regions of the nasal cavity via spread. The nanoparticles were tagged with markers, allowing the researchers to track their movement.
Next, researchers exposed locusts’ antenna(触角) to the aerosol, and observed the nanoparticles travel from the antennas up through the olfactory nerve, which is used to sense the smell. Due to their tiny size, the nanoparticles passed through the brain-blood barrier, reaching the brain and spreading all over it in a matter of minutes.
The team tested the concept in locusts because the blood-brain barriers in the insects and humans have similarities. “The shortest and possibly the easiest path to the brain is through your nose,” said Barani Raman, associate professor of biomedical engineering. “Your nose, the olfactory bulb and then olfactory cortex: two steps and you’ve reached the cortex.”
To determine whether or not the foreign nanoparticles disrupted normal brain function, Saha examined the physiological response of olfactory neurons in the locusts before and after the nanoparticle delivery and found no noticeable change in the electrophysiological responses was detected.
“This is only a beginning of a set of studies that can be performed to make nanoparticle-based drug delivery approaches more principled” Raman said. The next phase of research involves fusing the gold nanoparticles with various medicines, and using ultrasound to taarget a more precise dose to specific areas of the brain, which would be especially beneficial in brain-tumor cases.
63. This passage is mainly about________.
A. a novel method of drug delivery B. a challenge facing medical staff
C. a new medicine treating brain diseases D. a technique to improve doctors’ability
64. According to the passage, which of the following statements is TRUE
A. Doctors prefer using methods like an injection to treat diseases.
B. Locusts were taggged with markers to track their movement.
C. The blood-brain barrier lowers the effectiveness of a pill.
D. The medicine could reach the brain within half an hour.
65. The researchers focused their study on locusts because________.
A. human and locusts have similar structures that protect brain from foreign substances.
B. the delivery process consists of the olfactory bulb and the olfactory cortex
C. locusts have changeable electrophysiological responses to nanoparticles
D. The shortest and possibly the safest path to the brain is through human’s noses
66. ________ would most be interested in reading this passage.
A. A lung cancer patient who needs operation immediately
B. A college student who majors in medical technology
C. A senior doctor who is about to retire
D. A high school teacher who is teaching biology
Section C
Directions: Read the following passage. Fill in each blank with a proper sentence given in the box. Each sentence can be used only once. Note that there are two more sentences than you need. 8分
A. If this is a battle, signs indicate that the pro-phone crowd has already won. B. But rather than expressing firustration about this awkwardness, she said she felt guilty, as if she were the one challenging convention. C. In recent years, the de Young received more than a thousand complaints from people who felt that cell phones had spoiled their experience of the exhibit. D. The cause of this recent craze was Bouquets to Art, one of the most popular annual events at the de Young Museum in San Francisco. E. The truth is people like selfies more than the exhibits way beyond researchers’ imagination. F. But the issue is complicated for the professionals running museums.
A San Francisco Museum Tackles Art’s Instagram Dilemma
A woman held tightly her phone to her heart, the way a missionary might hold a Bible. She was anxious to take a picture of a stunning bouquet of flowers, but first she had toget through a crowd of others who were doing the same.
(67)___________ For the 34th year, florists were asked to create bouquets that respond to pieces of art on display, from ancient carvings to contemporary sculptures. A tower of baby’s breath imitates a waterfall in a nearby painting by Gustav Grunewald. Red flamingo flowers and neon blue sticks echo a surreal portrait of a woman by Salvador Dali.
It's amazing and also extremely Instagrammable, to the point that it has become a problem. (68)__________ Institutions of fine art around the world face similar problems as the desire to take photographs becomes a huge draw for museums as well as something that upsets some of their sponsors.
So the de Young responded with a kind of agreement: carving out “photo free” hours during the exhibition’s six-day run.
One common complaint in the ongoing debates over the effect of social media on museum culture is that people seem to be missing out on experiences because they are so busy collecting evidence of them. A study published in the journal Psychological Science suggests there is truth to this. It found that people who took photos of an exhibit rather than simply observing it had a harder time remembering what they saw.
(69)__________ Linda Butler, the de Young’s head of marketing, communications and visitor experience, acknowledges that not everyone wants amuseum to be “a selfie playland”. Yet a lot of other people do, and her take is that the de Young is in no position to claim that one motivation for buying a $28 ticket is more valid than another.
If we removed social media and photography, she says,“we should risk becoming irrelevant”. (70)__________ On this visit to the museum, most people seemed to treat the photo craze as the new normal. Many politely waited their turn and got out of other people's shots even as visitors bumped into each other in crowded galleries.
IV. Summary Writing:10分
Directions: Read the following passage. Summarize the main idea and the main points) of the passage in no more than 60 words. Use your own words as far as possible.
71.
It is a common sight on campus or in the streets: a young person rides by on an electric scooter, traveling quickly and proudly. But Beijing's traffic authorities have said that starting on Sept.5, people who are caught riding electric scooters on public roads or bicycle lanes will be fined 10 yuan. They will also be given a warning not to use the vehicles on public roads again.
The announcement was made after traffic police in Shanghai started a campaign to get electric scooters off public roads, with police officers stopping riders because the scooters could cause traffic problems. The Beijing Consumer Association said it had tested more than 20 electric scooters of different brands recently and found that most had substandard brakes. It added that 16 of the tested scooters could go faster than the maximum 20 km per hour set for electric bikes. According to the traffic police, people who ride electric scooters at certain speeds can easily bump into the vehicles in the vehicle lane and hurt people who walk in the bicycle lanes.
But seeing the benefits that electric scooters have brought to young people, experts are worried that the ban may take effect slowly.
Electric scooters are a great answer to the “last mile problem of getting from a public transport station to one’s home. They're light enough to throw over your shoulder.They're easy to ride just about anywhere and don't need a lot of physical effort. The scooter can travel 25 km on one charge. It's convenient and easy to control.
They are also good for the environment. Unlike cars and buses. electric scooter produce no carbon dioxide, need no fuel and make almost no noise. For many young people, they use them to copy cool celebrities they have seen in videos.
第II卷
V. Translation:(3+3+4+5=15’)
Directions: Translate the following sentence into English, using the words given in the brackets.
72. 在场的人都觉得他说的话不能证明他是无辜的。(prove)
73. 护士给自己设闹钟三小时响一次，提醒她为病人送药。(reminder)
74. 为了达到一箭双雕的目的，设计师采取了既实用又实惠的方案。(adopt)
75. 看到员工们独具匠心的制作工艺，我突然明白这家老字号店铺为什么会经营几个世纪而经久不衰。(occur)
VI. Guided Writing 25分
Directions: Write an English composition in 120-150 words according to the instructions given below in Chinese.
假设你是明启中学高三学生李华，学校即将举办运动会，各班为自己的班级准备班服，需设计班服“T恤logo或图案”，请撰写一篇文章，介绍自己设计的T恤logo或图案，供班级同学阅读。内容须包括：
1）对该logo或图案的简要描述；
2）你设计该logo或图案的原因。
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