高中试卷答案网2022年秋学期高二年级期中考试
英语试题
时间：150分钟 分值：150分
第一部分 听力(共20小题，每小题1.5分，满分30分)
第一节 听下面5段对话，每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。
1. 【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】
What will the man do after work
A. Have fun with friends. B. Learn a language. C. Watch a movie.
2. 【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】
What can we know from the conversation
A. The electric fan doesn’t work.
B. The air-conditioner is turned on.
C. It’s particularly hot.
3. 【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】
Where does the conversation take place probably
A. In a restaurant. B. In a park. C. In the street.
4. 【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】
What does the man ask the woman to do
A. Spell a word.
B. Go to the south.
C. Repeat the name of the city.
5. 【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】
What are the speakers talking mainly about
A. A fantastic photo.
B. A new furniture store.
C. The man’s home.
第二节 听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题, 从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项, 并标在试卷的相应位置。听每段对话或独白前, 你将有时间阅读各个小题, 每小题 5秒钟;听完后, 各小题给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。
听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】
6. How long has the man moved here
A. For 1 month. B. For 2 years. C. For 7 years.
7. Who is the woman
A. A doctor. B. A teacher. C. A policewoman.
听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】
8. Where is Leo from
A. Brazil. B. America. C. Canada.
9 Why did Leo come here
A. To travel. B. To study. C. To visit his parents.
听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】
10. Who is answering the phone
A. Ian. B. Ian’s uncle. C. Ian’s father.
11. What time will Amy leave for the airport
A. 10:00 a.m. B. 1:30 p.m. C. 4:30 p.m.
12. What day is it today
A. Thursday. B. Friday. C. Saturday.
听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】
13. How many good friends does Mike have
A. Three. B. Four. C. Five.
14. Whose birthday did Mike forget
A. Helen’s. B. Laura’s. C. Jamie’s.
15. What does Laura think is Mike’s answer to Question3
A. Never. B. Once or twice. C. Quite often.
16. What’s the relationship between the speakers
A. Brother and sister. B. Teacher and student. C. Friends.
听下面一段独白，回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】
17. What does Dr. Baker say in Tip two
A. Don’t do homework before bedtime.
B. Only do easier homework before bedtime.
C. Don’t get tired before bedtime.
18 What does Dr. Baker ask to turn off
A. Music, phone, TV and computer.
B. Phone, TV and computer.
C. Phone and TV.
19. Why does Dr. Baker disagree with video games before bedtime
A. It’s exciting. B. It’s time-wasting. C. It’s noisy.
20. What’s Dr. Baker’s advice on the phone
A. Turn it down. B. Put it beside the bed. C. Leave it out of bedroom.
第二部分阅读理解(共两节，满分50分)
第一节(共15小题;每小题2.5分，满分37.5分)
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项(A、B、C和D)中，选出最佳选项。
A
If you are longing for a hike in Alaska and aren’t sure where to start, here are our favorites. There’s something for all levels of skills and ambitions.
The Kenai River Trail
A half mile down this trail are wonderful views of the Kenai River Canyon. There are really two trailheads(小道的起点); the main “upper” trail starts at mile 0.6 of Skilak Lake Rd, and the other at mile 2.3.
Turnagain Arm Trail
This 11-mile hike begins at Potter Trailhead (Mile 115). Initially used by AlaskaNatives, the trail, can also be accessible to points along the way: McHugh Creck(Mile 112), Rainbow(Mile 108) and Windy(Mile 107).
lditarod National Historic Trail
The National Historic Iditarod Trail is a 24-mile hike used by gold miners and sled-dog teams until 1918, when the Alaska Railroad was finished. It’s a two-to-three day hike through superb mountain scenery to Girdwood( where it’s known as the Crow Pass Trail), and is the region’s best backpack adventure.
Put up a tent at Echo Bend(Mile 3), or rent one of two yurts(毡房)($65 per night) close by. For a shorter outing you can turn around at the Perch, then return to the Dew Mound Trail at Echo Bend and then to the Nature Center, making this a scenic 8-mile trip.
Reed Lakes Trail
Two alpine lakes, waterfalls, glaciers and towering granite(花岗岩) walls: the7-to-9-mile Reed Lakes Trail is one of the most wonderful hikes in the region, and worth the climb. Once you reach upper Reed Lake, continue 1 mile to Bomber Glacier, where the ruin of a B-29 bomber lies in memorial to six men who died in a 1957 crash.
21. Which of the following was originally used by Alaska Natives
A. The Kenai River Trail.
B. Turnagain Arm Trail.
C. Iditarod National Historic Trail.
D. Reed Lakes Trail.
22. At which place can hikers set up a tent
A. Girdwood.
B. Potter Trailhead.
C. Echo Bend.
D. Turnagain Arm.
23. What will visitors see at Bomber Glacier
A. A memorial to six heroes.
B. A tower made of granite.
C. The ruin of a B-29 bomber.
D. One of the most splendid waterfalls.
B
Have you ever thought about what happens to people’s property when they die That’s where wills come in. Traditionally, wills were only made by the elderly. Many young people think they don’t need wills if they don’t have kids or houses yet. But in recent years, this perception has started to change.
A white paper released by the China Will Registration Center in March revealed that more people in their 20s and 30s are now writing wills in China, reported China Daily. The Daily Mail also reported that more young people are writing wills thanks to the CoVID-19 pandemic. In the UK, only 18 percent of 18-to 34-уеаr-olds had wills in 2019, compared to 27 percent in 2021. In a recent interview with The Telegraph, Emily James, 22, said the main reason she wrote a will was the pandemic. “In the current climate, you can’t really get away from death - it’s something my generation has never been faced with so distinctly before. The death count is broadcast every day, and most people know someone who has been affected by the virus, which starts to make you think and want to plan for your future.”
Apart from the pandemic, public knowledge of celebrities’ health conditions, like the British royal family, has led to more people writing wills. The highest number of wills written on a single day in 2021 was on Feb 18, following the late Prince Philip’s admission to hospital, according to data from Farewill, one of the UK’s biggest death planning companies.
Farewill’s data also show that the legacies young people leave in their wills are reflections of current society. Music and pop culture collections were among the top things included in wills. The most common pop culture collections mentioned were Disney, Star Wars and Harry Potter memorabilia(纪念品).
The pandemic increased people’s likelihood of including a gift to a charity in their will. Furry friends are also not forgotten. Farewill’s data show nearly one-fifth of the people were making wills to ensure their pets were well looked after, with a total of 37 percent of will writers including plans for their pets.
24. What did the Daily Mail report
A. More people in the West are writing wills.
B. The number of young will writers is increasing.
C. The UK saw the most young will writers in 2021.
D. People aged 18-34 made the most wills in the UK in 2021.
25. Why did Emily James write a will
A. She was infected with Covid -19.
B. She felt desperate during the pandemic.
C. She realized future was unpredictable.
D. She was affected by the death of Prince Philip.
26. What are the last two paragraphs mainly about
A. The influence of pop culture on the youth.
B. The influence of the pandemic on the youth.
C. The importance attached to writing a will by the youth.
D. The influence of the current society on the will contents of the youth.
27. Which can be the best title for the text
A. Pandemic And Wills B. Pandemic Changes Society
C. The Youth And Will Writing D. Youth Leave Their Legacy in Pandemic
C
Whether you consume it in ice cream, coffee, cupcakes, pudding, or protein shakes, the vanilla you eat in the future might taste just a little bit sweeter thanks to a surprising new ingredient: used plastic.
Admittedly, it doesn’t sound very appetizing. To scientists Joanna Sadler and Stephen Wallace at Scotland’s University of Edinburgh, however, what’s even less delicious is plastic waste, which currently enters the ocean at a rate of 8 million tons per year—enough plastic waste to outweigh all of the ocean’s fish by the year 2050. To help stop the plastic pollution on land and at sea, they’ve designed a novel way to turn it into vanillin, a chemical substance in vanilla extract that gives it its distinct vanilla smell and flavor.
Although it can be found in natural vanilla bean extract, vanillin also can be made synthetically using chemicals coming from petrol. To create it from plastic, instead, researchers genetically modified a strain of E. coli bacteria so that it can make vanillin from a raw material used in the production of plastic bottles.
According to their research paper, around 85% of the world’s vanillin is synthesized from chemicals that are obtained from fossil fuels. That’s because demand for vanillin—which is used widely not only in food, but also in beauty products, cleaning products, and herbicides—is far greater than supply. In Madagascar, which grows 80% of the world’s natural vanilla, pollinating, harvesting, and curing vanilla beans is a long and painstaking process that couldn’t possibly yield enough vanillin for modern appetites. And even if it could, the only way to naturally increase vanillin supply would be to plant more vanilla plantations, which would drive deforestation.
Being able to create vanillin with plastic instead of petroleum means increasing vanillin supply while decreasing plastic waste, reducing industrial reliance on fossil fuels, and preserving forests.
“Using microorganisms to turn waste plastics, which are harmful to the environment, into an important product is a beautiful demonstration of green chemistry,” said Ellis Crawford, publishing editor at the United Kingdom’s Royal Society of Chemistry.
28. How do scientists produce vanilla
A. Extracting it from plastic bottles.
B. Forming it without bacteria.
C. Changing the formula of protein shakes.
D. Taking it from ocean life.
29. Which of the following words has the closest meaning to the underlined word “synthetically” in paragraph 3
A. Naturally. B. Artificially.
C. Biologically. D. Industrially.
30. What can be learned from the passage
A. Madagascar is the biggest vanilla import country in the world.
B. Making natural vanilla is an easy process.
C. Enlarging vanilla plantations is environmentally-friendly.
D. Producing vanilla from plastic is a win-win solution.
31. Where will you possibly read this passage
A. In a science magazine. B. In a travel booklet.
C. In an economic textbook. D. In an advertisement.
D
With low temperatures, radiation and high-energy particles, the vacuum of space is nothing but harsh (严酷的). Can you imagine spending six hour walking in space Chinese astronauts did just that on their latest spacewalk.
On Aug 20, Chinese astronauts Liu Boming and Nie Haisheng went out on the second spacewalk of the Shenzhou XII mission, according to the China Manned Space Agency. The pair set up and adjusted equipment, showed their spacesuits and tested the large robotic arm and other spacewalk-related devices.
Despite the astronauts’ skill, spacewalking is a challenging task. Luckily, their bulky (臃肿的) spacesuits protect them. A spacesuit is like a small space station. It has everything astronauts need when they carry out a spacewalk.
China’s Feitian spacesuits have six layers. The innermost layer collects astronauts’ urine (尿液). There are also four layers that help control the temperature and air pressure inside the suit. Spacesuits are filled with air, so they look like they’re puffed up (膨胀). The sixth layer is made of special fibers that cover astronauts from radiation, according to The Paper.
Astronauts are connected to the space station with safety ropes. The suit has headphones and speakers for astronauts to communicate. There is also a mirror on the wrist that astronauts can use to check their suits.
The first Feitian suit was made in 2008. Zhai Zhigang wore it to carry out China’s first spacewalk, which lasted about 19 minutes.
The suits Chinese astronauts wear today are the second generation of Feitian. They can support longer walks lasting up to eight hours and can be used more often. The first generation could only be used five times within two years, while the second generation can be used 15 times within three years. Each suit costs around 30 million yuan, and it takes four months to make just one according to Ifeng News.
32. What can we learn about the Chinese astronauts’ latest spacewalk from the text
A. It was China’s first spacewalk.
B. It lasted a total of six hours.
C. It was carried out this spring.
D. It was completed by three astronauts.
33. How were China’s Feitian spacesuits designed to protect astronauts
A. They include five layers with different functions.
B. The innermost layer adjusts the temperature.
C. Three other layers control air pressure inside the suit.
D. The outermost layer protects astronauts from radiation.
34. According to the text, what do Chinese astronauts need when carrying out spacewalks
a. headphones b. speakers c. mirror
d. radar e. compass f. safety ropes
A. acdf. B. abef. C. abcf. D. cdef.
35. What do the last two paragraphs mainly talk about
A. Disadvantages of the first Feitian suit.
B. The process of making the second Feitian suit.
C. New technology applied to the second Feitian suit.
D. Distinctions between the two generations of Feitian suits.
第二节(共5小题;每小题2.5分，满分12.5分)
根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
There are many friends that will come into your life-some will gradually lose touch, some will be getting closer, and some you will actively choose not to be friends with.____36____But your old friends seem to stick around, and no matter how near or far they are, they continue to be a part of your life.
From old friends we learn how much we grow. ____37____ They encourage us to do better and even they force us to do better. We know that if we’re happy with who we’ve become, they may play a role in that process.
The sense of freedom that comes with old friends is new friends failing to bring. You don’t need to make a good impression with people who know you well. ____38____ The youth is often filled with many playful moments and careless choices. There is a vivid recollection of difficult periods that you have been through.
With old friends, you realize true friendships are difficult to create, to cultivate, and to hold onto. ____39____
Old friends hold a mirror in front of us and allow us to see how far we’ve gone, and how far we still have to go to achieve our goals. ____40____ Old friends remind us that the past is both good and bad, and that the future is something to look forward to. No matter how time goes by, when we’re with our old friends, we will feel at home--where we can be stupid and happy with people who love us.
A. When you’re a child, making friends does not require too much effort.
B. With old friends there is often great laughter when you share your past.
C. They are the people who have similar experience and simple innocence.
D. This fact not only exists in our schooldays, but also will continue to the years to come.
E. The gratefulness that you have for having a friend long enough to call them an “old friend” feels wonderful.
F. Old friends show us all the parts that we still need to change, and some of the parts we may never change.
G. They’re the people who’ve usually witnessed everything from our major accomplishments to our small mistakes.
第三部分：语言运用(共两节，满分30分)
第一节 完形填空(共15小题;每小题1分，满分15分)
阅读下面短文，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该选项标号涂黑。
Last summer, I was suffering from too much stress, I’d just graduated from a challenging doctoral program and was ____41____ from the years of research, study and writing. I took a vacation to celebrate, but the academic intensity had become a ____42____ . Sitting on the beautiful lawn of the hotel on Mackinac Island, I just felt like I should be studying or working as usual.
____43____ seeing natural beauty would have relaxed me, but I couldn’t ____44____ . I couldn’t help looking at my cell phone repeatedly in case I missed something important. “ Enough,” I murmured. I needed to ____45____ , but why couldn’t I
A dragonfly buzzed around me. With each ____46____ , this creature’s wings changed color — blue one moment, green the next. Dragonflies usually fascinated me with their quick movements that ____47____ me of acrobats (杂技演员) in the wind, but I wasn’t in the ____48____ that day. What I needed then was ____49____ , not movement. As if on cue, the dragonfly came to rest on a blade of grass in front of me.
I watched that dragonfly carefully for many minutes. So did the dragonfly. “It’s not a matter of relaxing,” it seemed to say. “It’s a matter of ____50____ the now, the here. Life is so short. Be here in the moment and let the ____51____ take care of itself.” Suddenly, I ____52____ this beautiful creature, who only had months to live, was “instructing” me about the ____53____ of life and felt much relaxed. The dragonfly seemed ____54____ that its message had been delivered. It sprang from the grass and flew away. I didn’t see it again. But I would never forget what it taught me: Be here and ____55____ yourself.
41. A. distracted B. withdrawn C. exhausted D. separated
42. A. tradition B. strength C. burden D. habit
43. A. Generally B. Eventually C. Particularly D. Exactly
44. A. settle down B. break down C. slow down D. get down
45. A. concentrate B. unwind C. continue D. pause
46. A. movement B. change C. advance D. performance
47. A. convinced B. informed C. reminded D. warned
48. A. way B. mood C. state D. position
49. A. progress B. admiration C. consideration D. stillness
50. A. remembering B. understanding C. appreciating D. recognizing
51. A. life B. history C. moment D. future
52. A. guessed B. realized C. agreed D. admitted
53. A. value B. content C. reality D. principle
54. A. concerned B. doubtful C. satisfied D. regretful
55. A. enjoy B. collect C. suit D. conduct
第二节(共10小题;每小题1.5分，满分15分)
阅读下面材料，在空白处填入1个适当单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
United Nations (UN) Secretary-General Antonio Guterres on Saturday praised China’s achievements in poverty eradication (根除) and other areas ___56___(urge) the international community to unite to address___57___are the common challenges.
“I thank China for ___58___(it) role in shaping and carrying out the Sustainable Development Goals, ___59___is evidenced by its strong ___60___(commit) and significant progress to root out poverty in all forms and dimensions, one of the world’s leading ___61___(challenge),” the UN chief told Xinhua in an email interview.
“China’s achievements provide ___62___ (value) lessons in poverty relief that are being shared with other countries through South-South Cooperation,” Guterres said.
He also pointed out,” the world ___63___ (face) with major challenges—rising inequalities, the climate crisis, the COVID-19 pandemic, geopolitical tensions, human rights ___64___threat and so on.”
The secretary-general called for global unity to “bridge great divides and solve our challenges through cooperating ____65____(international).”
第四部分写作(共两节，满分40分)
第一节应用文写作(满分15分)
66. 假如你是李华，你约好昨天去公交车站接你的英国朋友Dylan，然后一起去公园。但你却迟到了，他有些生气，没有等到你就离开了。请用英语给他写一封道歉信，内容如下：
1.认错，道歉，解释原因；
2许诺以后一定守时；
3.请求原谅。
注意：
1.写作词数应为80左右；
2.请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
Dear Dylan,
________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Yours,
Li Hua
第二节(满分25分)
67. 阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。
Christmas Day was coming. I was just a kid then, and my big sister told me there was no Santa Claus. I fled to my Grandma because she would be straight with me. I knew Grandma always told me the truth. Grandma was home，and I told her everything. She was ready for me. “No Santa Claus!” She shouted. “Ridiculous! Don’t believe it. That rumor has been going around for years，and it makes me mad, plain mad.”
“Now，put on your coat，and let’s go.”
“Go where, Grandma ” I asked. “Where” turned out to be Kerby’s General Store. the one store in town that had a little bit of just about everything. As we walked through its doors，Grandma handed me ten dollars.“Take this money.”she said，“and buy something for someone who needs it. I’ll wait for you in the car.” Then she turned and walked out of Kerby’s.
I was only eight years old. I’d often gone shopping with my mother，but never had I shopped for anything all by myself. The store seemed big and crowded，full of people competing to finish their Christmas shopping. For a few moments I just stood there，confused，holding that ten-dollar bill，wondering what to buy and who to buy it for. I suddenly thought of Bobby Decker，who was a kid with bad breath and messy hair. He sat right behind me in Mrs. Pollock’s grade-two class.
Bobby Decker didn’t have a coat. I knew that because he never went out for recess(休息) during the winter. His mother always wrote a note，telling the teacher that he had a cough，but we kids knew that Bobby Decker didn’t have a cough，and he didn’t have a coat. I fingered the ten dollar bill with growing excitement. I would buy Bobby Decker a coat! I settled on a red one，which looked really warm，and he would like that.
“Is this a Christmas present for someone ”the lady behind the counter asked kindly，as I laid my ten dollars down.“Yes.”
The nice lady smiled at me，put the coat in a bag and wished me a Merry Christmas.
注意:
1.续写词数应为150左右;
2．请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
That evening, Grandma helped me wrap the coat in Christmas paper.
________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Grandma and I waited breathlessly in the bush for Bobby Decker’s front door to open.
________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________2022年秋学期高二年级期中考试
英语试题
时间：150分钟 分值：150分
第一部分 听力(共20小题，每小题1.5分，满分30分)
第一节 听下面5段对话，每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。
1. 【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】
What will the man do after work
A. Have fun with friends. B. Learn a language. C. Watch a movie.
【答案】B
【解析】
【原文】W: I’m catching a movie with my friends after work. We’re going to watch the latest one — The Jungle Book.
M: I really envy you! I have to practice speaking Spanish.
2. 【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】
What can we know from the conversation
A. The electric fan doesn’t work.
B. The air-conditioner is turned on.
C. It’s particularly hot.
【答案】C
【解析】
【原文】M: Oh, the heat is unbearable! Didn’t you turn on the air-conditioner
W: No. We’ve got to have it fixed as soon as possible. You can use the electric fan here.
3. 【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】
Where does the conversation take place probably
A. In a restaurant. B. In a park. C. In the street.
【答案】C
【解析】
【原文】M: I’m really hungry. Can you recommend a good place to get lunch
W: There are many restaurants inside the park where you can enjoy a wide variety of dishes.
M: Thanks. Where is the park
4. 【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】
What does the man ask the woman to do
A. Spell a word.
B. Go to the south.
C. Repeat the name of the city.
【答案】A
【解析】
【原文】W: I’m from Waterloo. It’s a city far to the south.
M: I’ve never heard of that place. Could you spell Waterloo for me
5. 【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】
What are the speakers talking mainly about
A. A fantastic photo.
B. A new furniture store.
C. The man’s home.
【答案】C
【解析】
【原文】W: How’s your new place Have you done with the decoration
M: Yes! It’s fantastic. The walls have been painted and there’s tons of new furniture.
W: I can’t wait to see what you’ve done.
第二节 听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题, 从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项, 并标在试卷的相应位置。听每段对话或独白前, 你将有时间阅读各个小题, 每小题 5秒钟;听完后, 各小题给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。
听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】
6. How long has the man moved here
A. For 1 month. B. For 2 years. C. For 7 years.
7. Who is the woman
A. A doctor. B. A teacher. C. A policewoman.
【答案】6. A 7. B
【解析】
【原文】W: Did you just move here
M: Yes, I moved in about a month ago.
W: How many kids do you have
M: I only have one child.
W: How old is your child
M: She just turned seven.
W: So, she’ll be in the second grade right now.
M: Yeah. She’s a second grader.
W: I do have a class that I can place her in. But we need to know about her health condition first.
M: That’s wonderful. Thank you.
听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】
8. Where is Leo from
A. Brazil. B. America. C. Canada.
9. Why did Leo come here
A. To travel. B. To study. C. To visit his parents.
【答案】8. A 9. B
【解析】
【原文】W: So, Leo, where are you from Canada
M: No. I’m originally from Rio, Brazil – I was born there – but I moved to the U.S. about three years ago. My parents came, too.
W: So you grew up in Rio
M: That’s right. I came here for college.
W: What are you studying
M: Math.
W: What did your parents do in Brazil
M: Well, my father was a math professor, but he’s retired now. He likes travel. My mom is still teaching at my university here.
听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】
10. Who is answering the phone
A. Ian. B. Ian’s uncle. C. Ian’s father.
11. What time will Amy leave for the airport
A. 10:00 a.m. B. 1:30 p.m. C. 4:30 p.m.
12. What day is it today
A. Thursday. B. Friday. C. Saturday.
【答案】10. C 11. B 12. A
【解析】
【原文】W: Hello. Could I speak to Ian, please
M: He went to visit his uncle. And he won’t be back until very late. I’m his father. Could you call again around 10:00
W: That’s a bit late for me, I’m afraid. Could I leave a message
M: Yes, of course. OK. And what’s the message
W: My name is Amy. I was wondering if Ian could give me a ride to the airport on Saturday. My plane leaves at 4:30, so I’d need him to pick me up at around 1:30. He said the other day that he might be able to, but I have to find out for sure. Could you ask him to let me know sometime on Friday I mean tomorrow.
M: OK. I’ll make sure he gets the message.
W: Thanks a lot.
听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】
13. How many good friends does Mike have
A. Three. B. Four. C. Five.
14. Whose birthday did Mike forget
A. Helen’s. B. Laura’s. C. Jamie’s.
15. What does Laura think is Mike’s answer to Question3
A. Never. B. Once or twice. C. Quite often.
16. What’s the relationship between the speakers
A. Brother and sister. B. Teacher and student. C. Friends.
【答案】13. B 14. B 15. A 16. C
【解析】
【原文】W: You have to look at this survey. The title is “Are You A Good Friend ” Are you brave enough to try, Mike
M: Hmm, I have to pick up my sister in a minute. How many questions are there, Laura
W: Only three. Number one: How many friends do you prefer to have A — one or two. B — three to five. C — as many as possible.
M: I would say I have four good friends. Next
W: Right ... number two. When was the last time you forgot a friend’s birthday A — I never have. B — once many years ago. C — I do it quite often.
M: Definitely first answer for me.
W: Ooh, you liar! You forgot mine and that was only six months ago.
M: Hmm,I forgot about that. But I didn’t forgot Jamie’s.
W: Number three. Have you ever called a friend of yours at three o’clock in the morning just to chat And the choices are: Never, once or twice, and quite often. And the first one is definitely the one you should pick, sleepyhead.
M: No way! I’ve spoken to Helen till the early hours on many occasions. Last year when she had all those problems at college, it was me talking to her every night for a week.
听下面一段独白，回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】
17. What does Dr. Baker say in Tip two
A. Don’t do homework before bedtime.
B. Only do easier homework before bedtime.
C. Don’t get tired before bedtime.
18. What does Dr. Baker ask to turn off
A. Music, phone, TV and computer.
B. Phone, TV and computer.
C. Phone and TV.
19. Why does Dr. Baker disagree with video games before bedtime
A. It’s exciting. B. It’s time-wasting. C. It’s noisy.
20. What’s Dr. Baker’s advice on the phone
A. Turn it down. B. Put it beside the bed. C. Leave it out of bedroom.
【答案】17. B 18. C 19. A 20. C
【解析】
【原文】 W: At exam time it is important to sleep well. Today we have Doctor Baker with us in the studio and he is going to give us five top tips for getting a good night’s sleep. Welcome to the show, Doctor Baker.
M: Thank you. It’s great to be here. Let’s start with tip one. Don’t go to bed with the television on. Some people think they can sleep well with the TV on, but the noise and lights mean you don’t really sleep well, so turn it off!
Tip two: Don’t think too much before bedtime. Do your hardest homework earlier in the evening. Do easier homework later. If your brain is too busy and full of ideas it takes longer to get to sleep.
Tip three: Don’t play video games an hour before you go to sleep. You may get excited, they can make your brain too busy and active.
Tip four: Turn off your cell phone when you go to bed. What is so important that it can’t wait until the morning If possible, leave your phone in another room.
Tip five: Play music if you like. But don’t play it too loud. Turn the sound down low.
W: Thank you for the useful advice for our young listeners, Doctor.
第二部分阅读理解(共两节，满分50分)
第一节(共15小题;每小题2.5分，满分37.5分)
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项(A、B、C和D)中，选出最佳选项。
A
If you are longing for a hike in Alaska and aren’t sure where to start, here are our favorites. There’s something for all levels of skills and ambitions.
The Kenai River Trail
A half mile down this trail are wonderful views of the Kenai River Canyon. There are really two trailheads(小道的起点); the main “upper” trail starts at mile 0.6 of Skilak Lake Rd, and the other at mile 2.3.
Turnagain Arm Trail
This 11-mile hike begins at Potter Trailhead (Mile 115). Initially used by AlaskaNatives, the trail, can also be accessible to points along the way: McHugh Creck(Mile 112), Rainbow(Mile 108) and Windy(Mile 107).
lditarod National Historic Trail
The National Historic Iditarod Trail is a 24-mile hike used by gold miners and sled-dog teams until 1918, when the Alaska Railroad was finished. It’s a two-to-three day hike through superb mountain scenery to Girdwood( where it’s known as the Crow Pass Trail), and is the region’s best backpack adventure.
Put up a tent at Echo Bend(Mile 3), or rent one of two yurts(毡房)($65 per night) close by. For a shorter outing you can turn around at the Perch, then return to the Dew Mound Trail at Echo Bend and then to the Nature Center, making this a scenic 8-mile trip.
Reed Lakes Trail
Two alpine lakes, waterfalls, glaciers and towering granite(花岗岩) walls: the7-to-9-mile Reed Lakes Trail is one of the most wonderful hikes in the region, and worth the climb. Once you reach upper Reed Lake, continue 1 mile to Bomber Glacier, where the ruin of a B-29 bomber lies in memorial to six men who died in a 1957 crash.
21. Which of the following was originally used by Alaska Natives
A. The Kenai River Trail.
B. Turnagain Arm Trail.
C. Iditarod National Historic Trail.
D. Reed Lakes Trail.
22. At which place can hikers set up a tent
A. Girdwood.
B. Potter Trailhead.
C. Echo Bend.
D. Turnagain Arm.
23. What will visitors see at Bomber Glacier
A. A memorial to six heroes.
B. A tower made of granite.
C. The ruin of a B-29 bomber.
D. One of the most splendid waterfalls.
【答案】21 B 22. C 23. C
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇应用文。文章主要介绍了一些去阿拉斯加远足时所建议去的地方。
【21题详解】
细节理解题。根据文章Turnagain Arm Trail中的“Initially used by Alaska Natives, the trail, can also be accessible to points along the way: McHugh Creek (Mile 112), Rainbow (Mile 108) and Windy (Mile 107). (这条小道最初由阿拉斯加原住民使用，沿途也可以到达以下地点：McHugh Creek(112英里)、Rainbow(108英里)和Windy(107英里)。)”可知，Turnagain Arm Trail最初是阿拉斯加原住民使用的。故选B。
【22题详解】
细节理解题。根据文章Iditarod National Historic Trail中的“Put up a tent at Echo Bend (Mile 3), or rent one of two yurts (毡房) ($65 per night) close by. (在Echo Bend (3英里)搭个帐篷，或者在附近租一个毡房（每晚65美元）。)”可知，徒步旅行者可以在Echo Bend搭帐篷。故选C。
【23题详解】
细节理解题。根据文章Reed Lakes Trail中的“Once you reach upper Reed Lake, continue 1 mile to Bomber Glacier, where the ruin of a B-29 bomber lies in memorial to six men who died in a 1957 crash. (到达里德湖上游后，继续走1英里到伯默尔冰川（Bomber Glacier），那里停放着一架B-29轰炸机的残骸，以纪念在1957年坠机事故中遇难的6名男子。)”可知，游客们将在伯默冰川看到B-29轰炸机的残骸。故选C。
B
Have you ever thought about what happens to people’s property when they die That’s where wills come in. Traditionally, wills were only made by the elderly. Many young people think they don’t need wills if they don’t have kids or houses yet. But in recent years, this perception has started to change.
A white paper released by the China Will Registration Center in March revealed that more people in their 20s and 30s are now writing wills in China, reported China Daily. The Daily Mail also reported that more young people are writing wills thanks to the CoVID-19 pandemic. In the UK, only 18 percent of 18-to 34-уеаr-olds had wills in 2019, compared to 27 percent in 2021. In a recent interview with The Telegraph, Emily James, 22, said the main reason she wrote a will was the pandemic. “In the current climate, you can’t really get away from death - it’s something my generation has never been faced with so distinctly before. The death count is broadcast every day, and most people know someone who has been affected by the virus, which starts to make you think and want to plan for your future.”
Apart from the pandemic, public knowledge of celebrities’ health conditions, like the British royal family, has led to more people writing wills. The highest number of wills written on a single day in 2021 was on Feb 18, following the late Prince Philip’s admission to hospital, according to data from Farewill, one of the UK’s biggest death planning companies.
Farewill’s data also show that the legacies young people leave in their wills are reflections of current society. Music and pop culture collections were among the top things included in wills. The most common pop culture collections mentioned were Disney, Star Wars and Harry Potter memorabilia(纪念品).
The pandemic increased people’s likelihood of including a gift to a charity in their will. Furry friends are also not forgotten. Farewill’s data show nearly one-fifth of the people were making wills to ensure their pets were well looked after, with a total of 37 percent of will writers including plans for their pets.
24. What did the Daily Mail report
A. More people in the West are writing wills.
B. The number of young will writers is increasing.
C. The UK saw the most young will writers in 2021.
D. People aged 18-34 made the most wills in the UK in 2021.
25. Why did Emily James write a will
A. She was infected with Covid -19.
B. She felt desperate during the pandemic.
C. She realized future was unpredictable.
D. She was affected by the death of Prince Philip.
26. What are the last two paragraphs mainly about
A. The influence of pop culture on the youth.
B. The influence of the pandemic on the youth.
C. The importance attached to writing a will by the youth.
D. The influence of the current society on the will contents of the youth.
27. Which can be the best title for the text
A. Pandemic And Wills B. Pandemic Changes Society
C. The Youth And Will Writing D. Youth Leave Their Legacy in Pandemic
【答案】24. B 25. C 26. D 27. D
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要说明了如今越来越多的年轻人开始留下遗嘱的社会现象，分析了这一现象背后的原因。
【24题详解】
细节理解题。根据第二段“The Daily Mail also reported that more young people are writing wills thanks to the CoVID-19 pandemic. In the UK, only 18 percent of 18-to 34-уеаr-olds had wills in 2019, compared to 27 percent in 2021. (据《每日邮报》报道，由于新冠肺炎疫情，越来越多的年轻人开始写遗嘱。在英国，2019年18至34岁的人中只有18%立了遗嘱，而2021年这一比例为27%)”可知《每日邮报》报道了越来越多的年轻人开始写遗嘱，即年轻的遗嘱撰写人的数量在增加。故选B项。
【25题详解】
细节理解题。根据第二段“In a recent interview with The Telegraph, Emily James, 22, said the main reason she wrote a will was the pandemic. “In the current climate, you can’t really get away from death — it’s something my generation has never been faced with so distinctly before. The death count is broadcast every day, and most people know someone who has been affected by the virus, which starts to make you think and want to plan for your future.”(22岁的Emily James最近在接受《每日电讯报》采访时表示，她写遗嘱的主要原因是疫情。“在目前的环境下，你无法真正远离死亡——这是我们这一代人从未如此清晰地面对过的事情。死亡人数每天都播报，大多数人都知道有人受到了这种病毒的影响，这开始让你思考并想要为自己的未来做计划)”可知，Emily James写遗嘱是因为疫情，因为听到每天播报的死亡人数使她思考并想要为自己的未来做计划，即意识到未来是不可预测的，不知道自己会不会受疫情影响，所以现在需要去做个计划，所以写遗嘱。故选C项。
【26题详解】
主旨大意题。根据后面两段内容“Farewill’s data also show that the legacies young people leave in their wills are reflections of current society. )以及The pandemic increased people’s likelihood of including a gift to a charity in their will. Furry friends are also not forgotten. (Farewill的数据还显示，年轻人在遗嘱中留下的遗产是当今社会的反映。疫情增加了人们在遗嘱中向慈善机构捐赠的可能性。宠物也没有被遗忘。)”可知，这两段讲述了年轻人遗嘱中所包含的东西，即音乐和流行文化收藏品、向慈善机构捐赠、宠物的照顾计划等，这是当今社会的反映，这是年轻人在当今社会中工作和生活，受其影响后而写出的遗嘱，故文章最后两段主要讲述了当今社会对年轻人的遗嘱内容的影响。故选D项。
【27题详解】
标题判断题。通读全文可知，文章主要讲述了如今越来越多的年轻人开始留下遗嘱的社会现象，并分析了这一现象背后的原因，故全文都是围绕年轻人留下遗产这一话题来进行阐述的，故选项D“Youth Leave Their Legacy in Pandemic“年轻人在流行病期间留下他们的遗产”适合作为文章标题。故选D项。
C
Whether you consume it in ice cream, coffee, cupcakes, pudding, or protein shakes, the vanilla you eat in the future might taste just a little bit sweeter thanks to a surprising new ingredient: used plastic.
Admittedly, it doesn’t sound very appetizing. To scientists Joanna Sadler and Stephen Wallace at Scotland’s University of Edinburgh, however, what’s even less delicious is plastic waste, which currently enters the ocean at a rate of 8 million tons per year—enough plastic waste to outweigh all of the ocean’s fish by the year 2050. To help stop the plastic pollution on land and at sea, they’ve designed a novel way to turn it into vanillin, a chemical substance in vanilla extract that gives it its distinct vanilla smell and flavor.
Although it can be found in natural vanilla bean extract, vanillin also can be made synthetically using chemicals coming from petrol. To create it from plastic, instead, researchers genetically modified a strain of E. coli bacteria so that it can make vanillin from a raw material used in the production of plastic bottles.
According to their research paper, around 85% of the world’s vanillin is synthesized from chemicals that are obtained from fossil fuels. That’s because demand for vanillin—which is used widely not only in food, but also in beauty products, cleaning products, and herbicides—is far greater than supply. In Madagascar, which grows 80% of the world’s natural vanilla, pollinating, harvesting, and curing vanilla beans is a long and painstaking process that couldn’t possibly yield enough vanillin for modern appetites. And even if it could, the only way to naturally increase vanillin supply would be to plant more vanilla plantations, which would drive deforestation.
Being able to create vanillin with plastic instead of petroleum means increasing vanillin supply while decreasing plastic waste, reducing industrial reliance on fossil fuels, and preserving forests.
“Using microorganisms to turn waste plastics, which are harmful to the environment, into an important product is a beautiful demonstration of green chemistry,” said Ellis Crawford, publishing editor at the United Kingdom’s Royal Society of Chemistry.
28. How do scientists produce vanilla
A. Extracting it from plastic bottles.
B. Forming it without bacteria.
C. Changing the formula of protein shakes.
D. Taking it from ocean life.
29. Which of the following words has the closest meaning to the underlined word “synthetically” in paragraph 3
A. Naturally. B. Artificially.
C. Biologically. D. Industrially.
30. What can be learned from the passage
A. Madagascar is the biggest vanilla import country in the world.
B. Making natural vanilla is an easy process.
C. Enlarging vanilla plantations is environmentally-friendly.
D. Producing vanilla from plastic is a win-win solution.
31. Where will you possibly read this passage
A. In a science magazine. B. In a travel booklet.
C. In an economic textbook. D. In an advertisement.
【答案】28. A 29. B 30. D 31. A
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇说明文，介绍了人造香草香精的制造过程。
【28题详解】
细节理解题。由第三段中的“To create it from plastic, instead, researchers genetically modified a strain of E. coli bacteria so that it can make vanillin from a raw material used in the production of plastic bottles. (相反，为了用塑料制造香草香精，研究人员对一株大肠杆菌进行了基因改造，使其能够从塑料瓶生产中使用的原材料中生产香草香精)”可知，香草香精可以从塑料中提取，故选A项。
【29题详解】
词句猜测题。由第三段“Although it can be found in natural vanilla bean extract, vanillin also can be made synthetically using chemicals coming from petrol. To create it from plastic, instead, researchers genetically modified a strain of E. coli bacteria so that it can make vanillin from a raw material used in the production of plastic bottles. (虽然香草香精可以在天然香子兰豆提取物中找到，但也可以使用来自汽油的化学物质synthetically香草香精。相反，为了用塑料制造香草香精，研究人员对一株大肠杆菌进行了基因改造，使其能够从塑料瓶生产中使用的原材料中生产香草香精)”可知，第三段讲述了实验室里人造香草香精的过程，synthetically意为“人造的（Artificially）”。故选B项。
【30题详解】
推理判断题。由第四段中的“In Madagascar, which grows 80% of the world’s natural vanilla, pollinating, harvesting, and curing vanilla beans is a long and painstaking process that couldn’t possibly yield enough vanillin for modern appetites. And even if it could, the only way to naturally increase vanillin supply would be to plant more vanilla plantations, which would drive deforestation. (马达加斯加种植着世界80%的天然香草，授粉、收获和腌制香子兰豆是一个漫长而艰苦的过程，不可能产生足够的香兰香精来满足现代人的胃口。即使可以，自然增加香兰香精供应的唯一方法是种植更多的香子兰豆种植园，这将导致森林砍伐)”讲述了通过自然手段获得香草香精的难度及危害，第五段“Being able to create vanillin with plastic instead of petroleum means increasing vanillin supply while decreasing plastic waste, reducing industrial reliance on fossil fuels, and preserving forests. (能够用塑料代替石油生产香草香精意味着增加香草香精供应，同时减少塑料废物，减少工业对化石燃料的依赖，保护森林)”讲述了人工提取香草香精的意义，所以从塑料中生产香草香精是件双赢的事情，故选D项。
【31题详解】
推理判断题。由第二段中的“To help stop the plastic pollution on land and at sea, they’ve designed a novel way to turn it into vanillin, a chemical substance in vanilla extract that gives it its distinct vanilla smell and flavor. (为了帮助阻止陆地和海上的塑料污染，他们设计了一种新的方法将其转化为香草香精，香草香精是香子兰豆提取物中的一种化学物质，赋予香子兰豆独特的香草气味和风味)”和下文内容可知，本文是一篇科技说明文，介绍了人造香草香精的制造过程，文章可能会出现在“科学杂志”上。故选A项。
D
With low temperatures, radiation and high-energy particles, the vacuum of space is nothing but harsh (严酷的). Can you imagine spending six hour walking in space Chinese astronauts did just that on their latest spacewalk.
On Aug 20, Chinese astronauts Liu Boming and Nie Haisheng went out on the second spacewalk of the Shenzhou XII mission, according to the China Manned Space Agency. The pair set up and adjusted equipment, showed their spacesuits and tested the large robotic arm and other spacewalk-related devices.
Despite the astronauts’ skill, spacewalking is a challenging task. Luckily, their bulky (臃肿的) spacesuits protect them. A spacesuit is like a small space station. It has everything astronauts need when they carry out a spacewalk.
China’s Feitian spacesuits have six layers. The innermost layer collects astronauts’ urine (尿液). There are also four layers that help control the temperature and air pressure inside the suit. Spacesuits are filled with air, so they look like they’re puffed up (膨胀). The sixth layer is made of special fibers that cover astronauts from radiation, according to The Paper.
Astronauts are connected to the space station with safety ropes. The suit has headphones and speakers for astronauts to communicate. There is also a mirror on the wrist that astronauts can use to check their suits.
The first Feitian suit was made in 2008. Zhai Zhigang wore it to carry out China’s first spacewalk, which lasted about 19 minutes.
The suits Chinese astronauts wear today are the second generation of Feitian. They can support longer walks lasting up to eight hours and can be used more often. The first generation could only be used five times within two years, while the second generation can be used 15 times within three years. Each suit costs around 30 million yuan, and it takes four months to make just one according to Ifeng News.
32. What can we learn about the Chinese astronauts’ latest spacewalk from the text
A. It was China’s first spacewalk.
B. It lasted a total of six hours.
C. It was carried out this spring.
D. It was completed by three astronauts.
33. How were China’s Feitian spacesuits designed to protect astronauts
A. They include five layers with different functions.
B. The innermost layer adjusts the temperature.
C. Three other layers control air pressure inside the suit.
D. The outermost layer protects astronauts from radiation.
34. According to the text, what do Chinese astronauts need when carrying out spacewalks
a. headphones b. speakers c. mirror
d. radar e. compass f. safety ropes
A. acdf. B. abef. C. abcf. D. cdef.
35. What do the last two paragraphs mainly talk about
A. Disadvantages of the first Feitian suit.
B. The process of making the second Feitian suit.
C. New technology applied to the second Feitian suit.
D. Distinctions between the two generations of Feitian suits.
【答案】32. B 33. D 34. C 35. D
【解析】
【分析】这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了中国最近一次的太空行走和飞天航天服的作用。
【32题详解】
细节理解题。根据第一段关键句“Can you imagine spending six hour walking in space Chinese astronauts did just that on their latest spacewalk.”（你能想象花六个小时在太空行走吗？中国宇航员在最近的太空行走中就是这样做的。）可知，在中国宇航员最近的一次太空行走中，他们在太空中整整行走了六个小时的时间，由此可知，关于中国宇航员最近一次的太空行走，我们能从文章中得知这次行走总共持续了六个小时。故选B项。
【33题详解】
细节理解题。根据第四段关键句“China’s Feitian spacesuits have six layers.”（中国飞天宇航服有六层。）和“The sixth layer is made of special fibers that cover astronauts from radiation, according to The Paper.”（据报道，第六层是由特殊纤维制成的，可以保护宇航员免受辐射。）可知，中国飞天宇航服有六层，第六层，也就是最外面的一层可以保护宇航员免受辐射，由此可知，中国飞天宇航服的最外层可以保护宇航员免受辐射。故选D项。
【34题详解】
细节理解题。根据第五段内容“Astronauts are connected to the space station with safety ropes. The suit has headphones and speakers for astronauts to communicate. There is also a mirror on the wrist that astronauts can use to check their suits.”（宇航员用安全绳与空间站相连。宇航服配有耳机和扬声器，供宇航员交流。手腕上还有一面镜子，宇航员可以用来检查他们的宇航服。）可知，中国宇航员在进行太空行走时需要用安全绳与空间站相连，需要用耳机和扬声器进行交流，需要用镜子来检查他们的宇航服，这四项物品与选项中的“abcf”一致。故选C项。
【35题详解】
主旨大意题。通读最后两段内容，结合最后一段关键句“The first generation could only be used five times within two years, while the second generation can be used 15 times within three years.”（第一代在两年内只能使用五次，而第二代在三年内可以使用15次。）可知，文章最后两段主要介绍了两代航天服的区别，例如第一代航天服在两年内只能使用五次，而第二代航天服在三年内可以使用15次，“Distinctions between the two generations of Feitian suits.”意为“两代飞天航天服的区别”，能够概括最后两段的内容。故选D项。
第二节(共5小题;每小题2.5分，满分12.5分)
根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
There are many friends that will come into your life-some will gradually lose touch, some will be getting closer, and some you will actively choose not to be friends with.____36____But your old friends seem to stick around, and no matter how near or far they are, they continue to be a part of your life.
From old friends we learn how much we grow. ____37____ They encourage us to do better and even they force us to do better. We know that if we’re happy with who we’ve become, they may play a role in that process.
The sense of freedom that comes with old friends is new friends failing to bring. You don’t need to make a good impression with people who know you well. ____38____ The youth is often filled with many playful moments and careless choices. There is a vivid recollection of difficult periods that you have been through.
With old friends, you realize true friendships are difficult to create, to cultivate, and to hold onto. ____39____
Old friends hold a mirror in front of us and allow us to see how far we’ve gone, and how far we still have to go to achieve our goals. ____40____ Old friends remind us that the past is both good and bad, and that the future is something to look forward to. No matter how time goes by, when we’re with our old friends, we will feel at home--where we can be stupid and happy with people who love us.
A. When you’re a child, making friends does not require too much effort.
B. With old friends there is often great laughter when you share your past.
C. They are the people who have similar experience and simple innocence.
D. This fact not only exists in our schooldays, but also will continue to the years to come.
E. The gratefulness that you have for having a friend long enough to call them an “old friend” feels wonderful.
F. Old friends show us all the parts that we still need to change, and some of the parts we may never change.
G. They’re the people who’ve usually witnessed everything from our major accomplishments to our small mistakes.
【答案】36. D 37. G 38. B 39. E 40. F
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要讲述了真正的老朋友在人生中的重要意义。
【36题详解】
上文“There are many friends that will come into your life-some will gradually lose touch, some will be getting closer, and some you will actively choose not to be friends with.(很多朋友会走进你的生活，有些会逐渐失去联系，有些会越来越亲近，而有些你会主动选择不和他们做朋友)”说明有的朋友在人们生活中来来走走，有的会一直是好朋友，D项“This fact not only exists in our schooldays, but also will continue to the years to come.(这一事实不仅存在于我们的学生时代，而且将持续到未来的岁月)”中“This fact”指代上文提到的内容，符合语境，故选D。
【37题详解】
上文“From old friends we learn how much we grow.(从老朋友那里，我们知道自己成长了多少)”说明老朋友见证了我们的成长；下文“They encourage us to do better and even they force us to do better.(他们鼓励我们做得更好，甚至强迫我们做得更好)”说明老朋友一直在激励我们成长。G项“They’re the people who’ve usually witnessed everything from our major accomplishments to our small mistakes.(他们通常见证了我们从重大成就到小错误的一切)”承上启下，说明这些人见证了我们的一切，从重大的成就到小的错误，和前后内容相符，故选G。
【38题详解】
下文“The youth is often filled with many playful moments and careless choices. There is a vivid recollection of difficult periods that you have been through.(青春往往充满了许多玩闹的时刻和粗心的选择。你所经历的困难时期有一个生动的回忆)”，B选项“With old friends there is often great laughter when you share your past.(和老朋友在一起，当你分享你的过去时，经常会有大笑)”中的“your past”指的就是下文的“you have been through”一致，说明了和老朋友分享过去很开心，故选B。
【39题详解】
上文“With old friends, you realize true friendships are difficult to create, to cultivate, and to hold onto.(和老朋友在一起，你会意识到真正的友谊是很难建立、培养和保持的)”说明老朋友是很难得的。E项“The gratefulness that you have for having a friend long enough to call them an “old friend” feels wonderful.(有一个长久的朋友，你能称他们为“老朋友”，这种感激之情让你感觉很棒)”承接上文，说明有这么一个老朋友应该觉得感激，符合语境，故选E。
【40题详解】
根据上文“Old friends hold a mirror in front of us and allow us to see how far we’ve gone, and how far we still have to go to achieve our goals.(老朋友在我们面前举着一面镜子，让我们看到我们已经走了多远，要实现我们的目标还有多远)”和下文“Old friends remind us that the past is both good and bad, and that the future is something to look forward to.(老朋友提醒我们，过去有好有坏，未来值得期待)”可知，老朋友让我们看清自己，知道自己的得失，以及未来的路该怎么走。这些都是他们对我们的帮助。F项“Old friends show us all the parts that we still need to change, and some of the parts we may never change.(老朋友告诉我们所有我们仍然需要改变的部分，以及一些我们可能永远不会改变的部分)”在句式上和前后一致，说明老朋友可以帮我们做的事情，因此承上启下，符合语境，故选F。
第三部分：语言运用(共两节，满分30分)
第一节 完形填空(共15小题;每小题1分，满分15分)
阅读下面短文，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该选项标号涂黑。
Last summer, I was suffering from too much stress, I’d just graduated from a challenging doctoral program and was ____41____ from the years of research, study and writing. I took a vacation to celebrate, but the academic intensity had become a ____42____ . Sitting on the beautiful lawn of the hotel on Mackinac Island, I just felt like I should be studying or working as usual.
____43____ seeing natural beauty would have relaxed me, but I couldn’t ____44____ . I couldn’t help looking at my cell phone repeatedly in case I missed something important. “ Enough,” I murmured. I needed to ____45____ , but why couldn’t I
A dragonfly buzzed around me. With each ____46____ , this creature’s wings changed color — blue one moment, green the next. Dragonflies usually fascinated me with their quick movements that ____47____ me of acrobats (杂技演员) in the wind, but I wasn’t in the ____48____ that day. What I needed then was ____49____ , not movement. As if on cue, the dragonfly came to rest on a blade of grass in front of me.
I watched that dragonfly carefully for many minutes. So did the dragonfly. “It’s not a matter of relaxing,” it seemed to say. “It’s a matter of ____50____ the now, the here. Life is so short. Be here in the moment and let the ____51____ take care of itself.” Suddenly, I ____52____ this beautiful creature, who only had months to live, was “instructing” me about the ____53____ of life and felt much relaxed. The dragonfly seemed ____54____ that its message had been delivered. It sprang from the grass and flew away. I didn’t see it again. But I would never forget what it taught me: Be here and ____55____ yourself.
41. A. distracted B. withdrawn C. exhausted D. separated
42. A. tradition B. strength C. burden D. habit
43. A. Generally B. Eventually C. Particularly D. Exactly
44. A. settle down B. break down C. slow down D. get down
45. A. concentrate B. unwind C. continue D. pause
46. A. movement B. change C. advance D. performance
47. A. convinced B. informed C. reminded D. warned
48. A. way B. mood C. state D. position
49. A. progress B. admiration C. consideration D. stillness
50. A. remembering B. understanding C. appreciating D. recognizing
51. A. life B. history C. moment D. future
52. A. guessed B. realized C. agreed D. admitted
53. A. value B. content C. reality D. principle
54. A. concerned B. doubtful C. satisfied D. regretful
55 A. enjoy B. collect C. suit D. conduct
【答案】41. C 42. D 43. A 44. C 45. B 46. A 47. C 48. B 49. D 50. C 51. D 52. B 53. A 54. C 55. A
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述的是作者在博士项目毕业后休假，但无法让自己从一贯的高强度学习状态中放松下来的事情，在这过程中作者通过观察一只蜻蜓，明白了珍惜当下的道理，心情豁然开朗。
【41题详解】
考查形容词义辨析。句意：去年夏天，我承受了太多的压力，我刚刚从一个具有挑战性的博士项目毕业，多年的研究、学习和写作让我筋疲力尽。A. distracted 分心的；B. withdrawn 沉默寡言的；C. exhausted 精疲力尽的；D. separated分居的。根据句意提到作者多年研究、学习和写作可知，这些事情让作者“精疲力尽”。故选C。
【42题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：我放了个假来庆祝，但学习的强度已经成为一种习惯。A. tradition传统；B. strength力量；C. burden负担；D. habit习惯。根据下文“Sitting on the beautiful lawn of the hotel on Mackinac Island, I just felt like I should be studying or working as usual.”可知，学习对于作者来说已经是一种“习惯”。故选D。
【43题详解】
考查副词词义辨析句意：一般来说，看到自然美景会让我放松下来，但我不能放慢速度。A. Generally一般，通常；B. Eventually最终；C. Particularly特别地；D. Exactly准确地。根据句意和常识可知，看到美景“一般”会让人放松下来，故选A。
【44题详解】
考查动词短语辨析。句意：一般来说，看到自然美景会让我放松下来，但我不能放慢速度。A. settle down定居；B. break down分解，发生故障；C. slow down慢下来；D. get down下来。根据下文“I couldn’t help looking at my cell phone repeatedly in case I missed something important.”可知作者无法从学习中“慢下来”。故选C。
【45题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：我需要放松，但为什么不能呢？A. concentrate集中，聚集；B. unwind放松；C. continue继续；D. pause暂停。根据前文内容可知，作者此时在休假，所以作者需要“放松”。故选B。
【46题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：随着每一个动作，这种生物的翅膀会改变颜色——一会儿是蓝色，一会儿是绿色。A. movement动作，运动；B. change改变；C. advance前进；D. performance表现。根据句意提到蜻蜓的翅膀变色，以及下文“Dragonflies usually fascinated me with their quick movements”中的movements可知，此处表示“蜻蜓的每一个动作”。故选A。
【47题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：蜻蜓的快速动作通常让我着迷，让我想起了风中杂技演员，但那天我没有心情。A. convinced使……确信；B. informed通知；C. reminded使想起；D. warned警告。根据句意可知，此处表示“蜻蜓的动作与杂技演员的动作相似”，所以是“使作者想起”，动词短语remind sb of sth.表示“使某人想起……”。故选C。
【48题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：蜻蜓的快速动作通常让我着迷，让我想起了风中杂技演员，但那天我没有心情。A. way路，方式；B. mood心情；C. state状态；D. position位置。根据前文可知，作者在休假中，还是无法从高强度的学习状态中慢下来，无法放松，所以此处表示作者那天“没有心情”。故选B。
【49题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：那时我需要的是沉静，而不是运动。A. progress进步；B. admiration钦佩；C. consideration考虑；D. stillness沉静，静止。根据前文提到作者没有心情，无法放松，结合“not movement”可推知，作者此时需要“沉静”。故选D。
【50题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：这是一个珍惜现在、珍惜这里的问题。A. remembering记得；B. understanding理解；C. appreciating珍惜，欣赏，感激；D. recognizing识别。根据下文“Suddenly, I 12 this beautiful creature, who only had months to live, was “ instructing ” me about the 13 of life and felt much relaxed. ”可知，蜻蜓在“指导”作者珍惜当下，故选C。
【51题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：活在当下，让未来顺其自然。A. life生命，生活；B. history历史；C. moment时刻；D. future未来，将来。根据“Be here in the moment”可推知，此处表示要“活在当下”，那么就让“未来”顺其自然，故选D。
【52题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：突然，我意识到这个只有几个月生命的美丽生物正在“指导”我生命的价值，我感到非常轻松。A. guessed猜想；B. realized意识到；C. agreed同意；D. admitted承认。根据句意提到“我感到非常轻松”，说明，作者意识到蜻蜓对自己的在生命价值方面“指导”。故选B。
【53题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：突然，我意识到这个只有几个月生命的美丽生物正在“指导”我生命的价值，我感到非常轻松。A. value价值；B. content内容；C. reality真实；D. principle原则。根据前文“Life is so short. Be here in the moment and let the 11 take care of itself.”可知，这是对生命“价值”的指导。故选A。
【54题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：那只蜻蜓似乎很满意它的信息被传达了。A. concerned关心的；B. doubtful怀疑的；C. satisfied满意的；D. regretful遗憾的。根据下一句“It sprang from the grass and flew away.”可知，蜻蜓似乎知道作者理解它的意思，所以是对传达出信息感到“满意”，然后飞走了，故选C。
【55题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：但我永远不会忘记它教会我的东西：在这里，享受自己。A. enjoy享受；B. collect收集；C. suit适合；D. conduct指导。根据前文“ “It’s not a matter of relaxing,” it seemed to say. “It’s a matter of 10 the now, the here. Life is so short. Be here in the moment and let the 11 take care of itself.””可知，蜻蜓教会作者“珍惜当下，享受自己”。故选A。
第二节(共10小题;每小题1.5分，满分15分)
阅读下面材料，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
United Nations (UN) Secretary-General Antonio Guterres on Saturday praised China’s achievements in poverty eradication (根除) and other areas, ___56___(urge) the international community to unite to address___57___are the common challenges.
“I thank China for ___58___(it) role in shaping and carrying out the Sustainable Development Goals, ___59___is evidenced by its strong ___60___(commit) and significant progress to root out poverty in all forms and dimensions, one of the world’s leading ___61___(challenge),” the UN chief told Xinhua in an email interview.
“China’s achievements provide ___62___ (value) lessons in poverty relief that are being shared with other countries through South-South Cooperation,” Guterres said.
He also pointed out” the world ___63___ (face) with major challenges—rising inequalities, the climate crisis, the COVID-19 pandemic, geopolitical tensions, human rights ___64___threat and so on.”
The secretary-general called for global unity to “bridge great divides and solve our challenges through cooperating ____65____(international).”
【答案】56. urging
57. what 58. its
59. which mitment
61. challenges
62. valuable
63. is faced
64. under 65. internationally
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇新闻报道。主要报道了联合国秘书长安东尼奥·古特雷斯周六赞扬了中国在消除贫困和其他领域取得的成就，敦促国际社会通过国际合作弥合巨大分歧，解决我们的挑战。
【56题详解】
考查非谓语动词。句意：联合国秘书长安东尼奥·古特雷斯周六赞扬了中国在消除贫困和其他领域取得的成就，敦促国际社会团结一致，应对共同的挑战。空处作非谓语动词，urge与逻辑主语United Nations (UN) Secretary-General Antonio Guterres之间是主动关系，应用现在分词形式作状语。故填urging。
【57题详解】
考查宾语从句。句意：联合国秘书长安东尼奥·古特雷斯周六赞扬了中国在消除贫困和其他领域取得的成就，敦促国际社会团结一致，应对共同的挑战。空处引导从句作动词address的宾语，从句中缺少主语，表示“什么”，应用what引导从句。故填what。
【58题详解】
考查代词。句意：这位联合国秘书长在接受新华社的电子邮件采访时表示：“我感谢中国在制定和实施可持续发展目标方面所发挥的作用，这体现在中国在消除各种形式和层面的贫困这一世界主要挑战方面的坚定承诺和重大进展。”。结合语意，此处表示感谢中国所发挥的它的作用，空处应用形容词性物主代词its，表示“它的”。故填its。
【59题详解】
考查定语从句。句意：这位联合国秘书长在接受新华社的电子邮件采访时表示：“我感谢中国在制定和实施可持续发展目标方面所发挥的作用，这体现在中国在消除各种形式和层面的贫困这一世界主要挑战方面的坚定承诺和重大进展。”。分析句子结构，空处引导非限制性定语从句，修饰先行词role，先行词指物，关系词在从句中作主语，应用which引导从句。故填which。
【60题详解】
考查名词。句意：这位联合国秘书长在接受新华社的电子邮件采访时表示：“我感谢中国在制定和实施可持续发展目标方面所发挥的作用，这体现在中国在消除各种形式和层面的贫困这一世界主要挑战方面的坚定承诺和重大进展。”。空处与名词 progress并列，作介词by的宾语，所以空处应用名词commitment，表示“承诺”。故填commitment。
【61题详解】
考查名词。句意：这位联合国秘书长在接受新华社的电子邮件采访时表示：“我感谢中国在制定和实施可持续发展目标方面所发挥的作用，这体现在中国在消除各种形式和层面的贫困这一世界主要挑战方面的坚定承诺和重大进展。”。“one of+复数可数名词”表示“……之一”，所以空处应用名词的复数形式。故填challenges。
【62题详解】
考查形容词。句意：古特雷斯说：“中国在扶贫方面取得的成就提供了宝贵的经验，正通过南南合作与其他国家分享。”。空处修饰名词lessons，应用形容词形式作定语，结合语意，中国取得的成就提供了宝贵的经验，空处应用valuable，表示“宝贵的”。故填valuable。
【63题详解】
考查时态和语态。句意：他还指出，“世界面临着日益严重的不平等、气候危机、2019冠状病毒疾病大流行、地缘政治紧张、人权受到威胁等重大挑战。”直接引语中引用的句子，描述现在的一般性情况，应用一般现在时，face与主语the world之间是被动关系，应用被动语态，主语是the world，be动词应用is。故填is faced。
【64题详解】
考查介词。句意：他还指出，“世界面临着日益严重的不平等、气候危机、2019冠状病毒疾病大流行、地缘政治紧张、人权受到威胁等重大挑战。”under threat为固定短语，表示“受到威胁”，符合题意。故填under。
【65题详解】
考查副词。句意：秘书长呼吁全球团结“通过国际合作弥合巨大分歧，解决我们的挑战。”空处修饰动词cooperating，应用副词形式作状语，internationally是副词，表示“国际性地”。故填internationally。
第四部分写作(共两节，满分40分)
第一节应用文写作(满分15分)
66. 假如你是李华，你约好昨天去公交车站接你的英国朋友Dylan，然后一起去公园。但你却迟到了，他有些生气，没有等到你就离开了。请用英语给他写一封道歉信，内容如下：
1.认错，道歉，解释原因；
2.许诺以后一定守时；
3.请求原谅。
注意：
1.写作词数应为80左右；
2.请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
Dear Dylan,
________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Yours,
Li Hua
【答案】One possible version:
Dear Dylan,
I am writing to convey my sincere apology to you for not being punctual yesterday.
I was supposed to pick you up at the bus station at 10 a.m. But so careless was I that I forgot to take the busy traffic into consideration. As a result, I unfortunately got caught up in a terrible traffic jam and failed to arrive there on time. However, it shouldn’t be my excuse and you have every right to be angry with me.
I promise that anything like this won’t happen once again. Again, I am excessively sorry about what have happened. I would truly appreciate it if you could kindly forgive me and I will definitely turn over a new leaf in the future.
Yours,
Li Hua
【解析】
【导语】本篇书面表达属于应用文写作。要求考生向自己的朋友道歉，因为自己没有遵守约定按时接他，并承诺以后一定守时。
【详解】1.词汇积累
表达：convey→ express
真诚：sincere → genuine
应该：be supposed to → should
非常：excessively→ extremely/very
2.句式拓展
简单句变复合句
原句：I am writing to convey my sincere apology to you for not being punctual yesterday.
拓展句：I am writing to convey my sincere apology to you because I was not punctual yesterday.
【点睛】【高分句型1】But so careless was I that I forgot to take the busy traffic into consideration.（运用了that引导的结果状语从句和倒装句，即表语前置时，用倒装）
【高分句型2】Again, I am excessively sorry about what have happened.（运用了what引导的宾语从句）
第二节(满分25分)
67. 阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。
Christmas Day was coming. I was just a kid then, and my big sister told me there was no Santa Claus. I fled to my Grandma because she would be straight with me. I knew Grandma always told me the truth. Grandma was home，and I told her everything. She was ready for me. “No Santa Claus!” She shouted. “Ridiculous! Don’t believe it. That rumor has been going around for years，and it makes me mad, plain mad.”
“Now，put on your coat，and let’s go.”
“Go where, Grandma ” I asked. “Where” turned out to be Kerby’s General Store. the one store in town that had a little bit of just about everything. As we walked through its doors，Grandma handed me ten dollars.“Take this money.”she said，“and buy something for someone who needs it. I’ll wait for you in the car.” Then she turned and walked out of Kerby’s.
I was only eight years old. I’d often gone shopping with my mother，but never had I shopped for anything all by myself. The store seemed big and crowded，full of people competing to finish their Christmas shopping. For a few moments I just stood there，confused，holding that ten-dollar bill，wondering what to buy and who to buy it for. I suddenly thought of Bobby Decker，who was a kid with bad breath and messy hair. He sat right behind me in Mrs. Pollock’s grade-two class.
Bobby Decker didn’t have a coat. I knew that because he never went out for recess(休息) during the winter. His mother always wrote a note，telling the teacher that he had a cough，but we kids knew that Bobby Decker didn’t have a cough，and he didn’t have a coat. I fingered the ten dollar bill with growing excitement. I would buy Bobby Decker a coat! I settled on a red one，which looked really warm，and he would like that.
“Is this a Christmas present for someone ”the lady behind the counter asked kindly，as I laid my ten dollars down.“Yes.”
The nice lady smiled at me，put the coat in a bag and wished me a Merry Christmas.
注意:
1.续写词数应为150左右;
2．请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
That evening, Grandma helped me wrap the coat in Christmas paper.
________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Grandma and I waited breathlessly in the bush for Bobby Decker’s front door to open.
________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
【答案】One possible version:
That evening, Grandma helped me wrap the coat in Christmas paper. She wrote “To Bobby，From Santa Claus” on it, after which she drove me over to Bobby Decker’s house, explaining l was officially one of Santa’s helpers. Grandma parked down the street from Bobby’s house, and l took a deep breath, and dashed for his front door. Seeing no other people notice us, l put the Christmas present down, pounded his doorbell and then Grandma and l hid in the car.
Grandma and l waited breathlessly in the bush for Bobby Decker’s front door to open. Out went Bobby Decker. Seeing the coat in the bag, he looked very astonished and then called his mother to go out. After hearing them say “Thanks”to Santa Claus, I felt very proud of what l had done. At that time, I decided to be Santa’s helper forever. It was on that night that l realized the truth that he who has no Christmas in his heart will never find Christmas under a tree.
【解析】
【导语】本文以人物为线索展开，讲述了作者的姐姐告诉作者世界上没有圣诞老人，作者逃到奶奶那里想要听奶奶说实话，结果奶奶把作者带到一个商店，给了作者10美元，让作者给有需要的人买东西，于是作者给班里坐在自己后面的Bobby Decker买了一件红色的外套。
【详解】1.段落续写：
①由第一段首句内容“那天晚上，奶奶帮我用圣诞包装纸把大衣包好。”可知，第一段可描写作者和奶奶去给Bobby Decker送外套的经过。
②由第二段首句内容“奶奶和我屏息等待Bobby Decker的前门打开，终于它打开了。”可知，第二段可描写Bobby Decker收到外套后的反应，以及这件事后作者的内心活动，作者为自己的所作所为感到非常自豪，决定永远做圣诞老人的帮手。
2.续写线索：
作者送外套——作者放下礼物——作者躲进车里——Bobby拿到外套——作者为自己感到自豪——作者感悟
3.词汇激活
行类
冲到：dash for/ rush to
看：see/look/notice
决定：decide to/ be determined to
情绪类
自豪：be proud of / take pride in
惊讶：astonished / surprised
【点睛】[高分句型1]
She wrote “To Bobby, From Santa Claus” on it, after which she drove me over to Bobby Decker’s house, explaining I was officially one of Santa’s helpers.(运用了“介词+关系代词”引导的非限制性定语从句，现在分词作状语，和省略了引导词that的宾语从句)
[高分句型2]
It was on that night that I realized the truth that he who has no Christmas in his heart will never find Christmas under a tree. (运用了强调句型，that引导的同位语从句，who引导的限制性定语从句）
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