试卷答案
寻你做寻,想你所想

备考2023年高考英语一轮复习07:介词与介词短语

备考2023年高考英语一轮复习07:介词与介词短语
一、单选题
1.(2022高三上·竞赛) Surprisingly, the weather report ____ the evening before the storm said there would be strong winds, ____ not a hurricane.
A.at; yet B.of; or C.to; and D.on; but
【答案】D
【知识点】常用介词的辨析;表转折关系的连词
【解析】【分析】句意:令人惊讶的是,风暴前一晚的天气预报说会有强风,而不是飓风。分析句子可知,当morning,afternoon,evening前有定修饰时,介词应用on,表示某个具体的早上/下午/晚上;strong winds与a hurricane之间是转折关系,故用but连接。故选D。
【点评】考查介词和连词,区分at;of;to和on的应用以及 yet; or; and和 but的含义。
2.(2022高一上·哈尔滨月考)_____ his hard work, he failed to complete his work as scheduled.
A.In spite B.Despite C.Although D.Regardless
【答案】B
【知识点】简单介词
【解析】【分析】句意:尽管他努力工作,但未能如期完成工作。A. In spite“尽管(后面需要加of)”;B. Despite “尽管”,介词;C. Although“尽管”,连词;D. Regardless“不管(后面常接of)”。根据“he failed to complete his work as scheduled”可知,尽管他努力工作,但是没能如期完工。横线后面为名词,所以空处需要介词despite“尽管”,构成介词短语,在句中作状语。A和D项后面都需要接of;C项后面接句子。故选B。
【点评】考查介词,掌握despite的应用。
3.(2022高三上·贵溪开学考)Remember to spend some time ________ your loved ones, because they're not going to be around forever.
A.from B.with C.in D.on
【答案】B
【知识点】固定短语;简单介词
【解析】【分析】句意:记得花些时间和你爱的人在一起,因为他们不会永远在你身边。A. from“ 从……,来自……”;B. with“和……,伴随……”;C. in “在……里面”;D. on “在……上面”。由句意可知,记得花时间“和”爱人在一起,spend time with somebody ,固定短语,“花费时间和某人在一起”,故选B。
【点评】考查介词辨析,以及固定短语spend time with somebody。
4.(2023高一下·伊美月考)After the accident, they got into a situation ________ they fought with each other, and they both ended up ________ prison.
A.that; with B.where; in C.which; in D.where; with
【答案】B
【知识点】固定短语;关系副词引导定语从句的用法;简单介词
【解析】【分析】句意:在这次事故后,他们到了互相争斗的境地,最终两人都进了监狱。第一空 they fought with each other 是限制性定语从句,先行词situation表示处境,后面从句作抽象地点状语,用关系副词where引导;第二空是固定短语end up in prison表示"最终以坐牢结束"。故选B。
【点评】考查定语从句和介词,本题涉及关系副词where引导的限制性定语从句和固定短语end up in prison。
5.(2023高二上·信阳期末)Students hold different opinions toward the news ___________the point value of English ___________ for College Entrance Examination.
A.that; decreased B.of; having decreased
C.that; decreasing D.of; to be decreased
【答案】D
【知识点】动词不定式;简单介词
【解析】【分析】句意:新闻说高考的英语分值会降低,对此同学们意见不一。如若第一空填that的话,那that引导news的同位语从句,decrease和从句主语the point value成被动关系,从句中谓语应该用decrease的被动语态,故可以排除C项。因为如若从句需要谓语且需要被动语态,所以排除A项。第一空填of,of为介词,介次后面加名词,所以整个the point value of Enlish______for GaoKao College Entrance Examination部分作一个名词结构。decrease和其逻辑主语the point value之间成被动关系,用被动语态,故排除B项。由句意可知,decrease这个动作还没有发生。所以用动词不定式表将来。综上,这里要用动词不定式的被动形式。故选D。
【点评】考查介词和非谓语动词,本题涉及介词of的应用以及不定式的被动式作定语。
6.In the whirling snow, the soldier stood steadily in front of the gate, ____.
A.a gun being in whose hand B.a gun in hand
C.a gun was in his hand D.with a gun in his hand
【答案】D
【知识点】with的复合结构
【解析】【分析】句意:在纷飞的雪中,那个士兵稳稳地站在门前,手里拿着一支枪。根据句意和句子结构可知,表达“手里拿着一支枪”可用with复合结构,即with+名词+介词短语,即with a gun in his hand,故选D。
【点评】考查with复合结构,本题涉及“ith+名词+介词短语”。
7.I like Shanghai ________ it rains. Rainy days really make me down.
A.although B.unless C.except when D.except that
【答案】C
【知识点】固定短语;简单介词
【解析】【分析】句意:我喜欢上海,除非下雨。 下雨天真的让我很沮丧。根据语境可知,是指下雨的时候,不喜欢上海,是when 引导的宾语从句,故选C。
【点评】考查介词,掌握except when的应用。
8.(2022高二上·大庆期末)If you are in favour ______ the plan, please help us collect some information ______ your leisure.
A.of; in B.for; at C.of; at D.with; in
【答案】C
【知识点】固定短语;简单介词
【解析】【分析】句意:如果你赞成这个计划,请在你有空的时候帮助我们收集一些信息。固定短语:in favour of“赞成,支持”;at one's leisure“有空时”。故选C。
【点评】考查介词,以及固定短语in favour of和at one's leisure。
9.____________and no way to reduce her pain and suffering from the terrible disease, the patient sought her doctor's help to end her life.
A.Having given up hope of cure B.With no hope for cure
C.There being hope for cure D.In the hope of cure
【答案】B
【知识点】with的复合结构
【解析】【分析】句意:这位病人由于没有治愈的希望和减轻其痛苦的方法,她饱受疾病煎熬,于是请求大夫结束她的生命。逗号前的内容作状语,该部分是由介词with构成的短语及现在分词短语suffering from the terrible disease构成的,介词with有两个宾语,分别是no hope for cure和 no way to reduce her pain。故选B。
【点评】考查句式结构,本题涉及with的复合结构作状语的用法。
10.(2022高一上·深圳月考)Please leave the lights on when you walk out of the room.
What sentence element does the underlined part serve as
A.adverbial (状语) B.complement (补语)
C.attributive (定语) D.appositive (同位语)
【答案】B
【知识点】简单介词
【解析】【分析】句意:当你走出房间时,请不要关灯。下划线部分充当什么句子元素?根据句意,结合句子结构,可知该句属于Vt(leave)+宾语(the lights)+宾补(on)的结构,故选B,
【点评】考查介词作宾补,注意找出句子的宾语以及宾语的状态。
11.(2023高一下·信宜期中)Going for a walk every evening is beneficial _______ your health.
A.for B.in C.from D.to
【答案】D
【知识点】固定短语;常用介词的辨析
【解析】【分析】句意:每天晚上散步对你的健康有益。be beneficial to 固定短语,"对......有益",故填to。
【点评】考查介词,以及固定短语be beneficial to。
12.(2022高二下·喀什期末)They went into the forest ________ search of the lost boy.
A.at B.with C.for D.in
【答案】D
【知识点】固定短语;常用介词的辨析
【解析】【分析】句意:他们到森林里去寻找那个走失的男孩。A. at“在……岁时”;B. with“和”;C. for“为了”;D. in“在……里面”。in search of固定短语,“寻找”,故选D
【点评】考查介词词义辨析和固定短语,区分 at; with; for和 in的含义以及固定短语in search of。
13. Shirley, a real book lover, often brings home many books to read ____ the library.
A.in B.for C.by D.from
【答案】D
【知识点】常用介词的辨析
【解析】【分析】句意:Shirley,一个真正爱书的人,经常把许多书从图书馆带到家里去看。A. in“在……里面”;B. for“为了”;C. by“依靠”;D. from“来自”。根据“bring home”可知,Shirley未在图书馆看书,所以不能用in the library;根据句意,书应该是从图书馆带回来的,即bring something from some place。故选D。
【点评】考查介词词义辨析,区分in;for;by和from的含义。
14.(2023高一上·富锦期末)He is senior______ me, though he is younger.
A.than B.in C.to D.for
【答案】C
【知识点】固定短语;常用介词的辨析
【解析】【分析】句意:他虽然比我年轻,但资历比我高。be senior to 固定短语,“比……资历高”,故选C。
【点评】考查介词,以及固定短语be senior to。
15.(2023高二上·信阳期末)Some people blame the smart phone____ the tragedy, yet in fact, people's weakening self-control____.
A.for, should blame B.for, is to blame
C.on, should be blamed D.on, is to blamed
【答案】B
【知识点】固定短语;简单介词
【解析】【分析】句意:有些人把悲剧归咎于智能手机,但事实上,人们自我控制能力的削弱是罪魁祸首。 blame... for...,固定短语,“因……而责备”;be to blame固定短语,“应承担责任,该受责备(或指责)的”,故选B。
【点评】考查介词和动词短语,掌握blame... for...和be to blame的含义。
16.Frank lost his ticket due ________ his carelessness.
A.to B.for C.in D.from
【答案】A
【知识点】固定短语;简单介词
【解析】【分析】句意: Frank 由于粗心大意把票丢了。due to 固定短语,“由于,因为”,作原因状语,故填to。
【点评】考查介词,以及固定短语due to。
17.(2023高二下·阳山月考)It's very rude ______ you to turn your back to your teacher and refuse to answer.
A.for B.at C.about D.of
【答案】D
【知识点】常用介词的辨析;固定句式
【解析】【分析】句意:你背过身去不回答老师的问题,真是太粗鲁了。It's rude of sb. to do sth.固定短语,"某人做某事很粗鲁"。故选D。
【点评】考查介词辨析,以及固定句式It's rude of sb. to do sth.。
18.(2022高一下·龙江期中)We got the final results _________ the basis of a great many experiments.
A.on B.in C.by D.with
【答案】A
【知识点】固定短语;常用介词的辨析
【解析】【分析】句意:在大量实验的基础上,我们得到了最后的结果。A. on“在……上面”;B. in “在……里面”;C. by“依靠”;D. with“用”。根据“We got the final results”可知,得出的结果是在大量实验的基础上。on the basis of固定短语,“在……的基础上”,故选A。
【点评】考查介词词义辨析,区分 on; in; by和 with的含义和应用,以及固定短语on the basis of。
19.(2023高一下·牡丹江期中)Don's blame me the accident. It is he who _______.
A.for; is to be blamed B.on; should blame
C.for; is to blame D.on; is blamed
【答案】B
【知识点】固定短语;一般现在时;简单介词
【解析】【分析】句意:这次事故不要怪我。该受责备的是他。第一空是blame sb. for sth.固定短语,"为某事责备某人";第二空是be to blame固定短语,"该受责备"。故选B。
【点评】考查介词和固定短语,掌握blame sb. for sth.以及be to blame。
20.(2023高一下·牡丹江期中)_______ receiving a phone call from his wife she had a fall, Mr. Smith immediately rushed home from his office.
A.On; to say B.In; saying C.In; to say D.On; saying
【答案】D
【知识点】动词现在分词;简单介词
【解析】【分析】句意:史密斯先生接到他妻子的电话说她摔了一跤,他立刻从办公室冲回家去。on doing固定短语,"刚一做某事",因此第一个空应用介词on;根据逻辑主语his wife和say之间是主动关系,因此第二个空应用现在分词。故选D。
【点评】考查介词和非谓语动词,本题涉及现在分词作定语,以及固定短语on doing。
二、单词拼写
21.They said goodbye to John and Mary as they got a    the train to Hangzhou.
【答案】aboard
【知识点】简单介词
【解析】【分析】句意:当他们登上去杭州的火车时,他们向约翰和玛丽道别。根据句意和首字母,应用 aboard ,“登上”,介词,aboard the train,“上火车”,故填 aboard 。
【点评】考查介词,掌握 aboard 的应用。
22.You could threaten to replace all their tunes    white noise.
【答案】with
【知识点】固定短语;简单介词
【解析】【分析】句意:你可能会威胁要用白噪音取代他们所有的曲调。replace...with...,固定短语,“用.....取代......”,故填with。
【点评】考查介词,以及固定短语replace...with...。
23. Firefighters were     the scene immediately.
【答案】on
【知识点】固定短语;简单介词
【解析】【分析】句意:消防队员立即赶到现场。on the scene固定短语,"在现场",此处介词短语作表语,故填on。
【点评】考查介词,以及固定短语on the scene。
24.He sat     her all night in the hospital to look after her. (用适当的介词填空)
【答案】beside
【知识点】简单介词
【解析】【分析】句意:他在医院里整夜坐在她身边照顾她。 beside “在......旁边”,此处介词短语作状语,故填 beside 。
【点评】考查介词,掌握 beside 的应用。
25.I wanted to major   English at first, but later I changed my mind and now I am a writer.
【答案】in
【知识点】固定短语;简单介词
【解析】【分析】句意:起初我想主修英语,但后来我改变了主意,现在我成了一名作家。major in固定短语,“主修”,故填in。
【点评】考查介词,以及固定短语major in。
26.His mother was annoyed     him for being so rude to their neighbors.
【答案】with
【知识点】固定短语;简单介词
【解析】【分析】句意:他的母亲因他对邻居如此无礼而生他的气。be annoyed with sb. for ...,固定短语,“因为......和某人生气”,故填with。
【点评】考查介词,以及固定短语be annoyed with sb. for ...。
27.(2023高一下·浙江期中)With May Day a   , our class decided to hold an activity to celebrate the important day. (根据首字母单词拼写)
【答案】approaching/ pproaching
【知识点】动词现在分词;with的复合结构
【解析】【分析】句意:随着五一劳动节的临近,我们班决定举办一次活动来庆祝这个重要的日子。根据单词首字母及句意"临近"可知,动词approach符合句意;此处为with复合结构,May Day与approach 之间为主动关系,应用现在分词表主动。故填approaching。
【点评】考查非谓语动词,本题涉及with复合结构和现在分词作宾补。
28.I read about the wedding news of the famous actor     the newspaper.(用适当的介词填空)
【答案】in
【知识点】简单介词
【解析】【分析】句意:我在报纸上读到了著名演员的婚礼新闻。“在报纸上”应用介词in,在……上面,指报纸上面的内容,故填in。
【点评】考查介词,掌握in的应用。
29.—How much are the tickets
—$20 each.     (加) tax and service, for your tickets, that's $96.
【答案】Plus
【知识点】简单介词
【解析】【分析】句意:——票要多少钱?——每张20美元。 加上税费和服务费,您的门票价格为 96 美元。“ 加 ”应用 plus,介词,此处作状语,故填 Plus 。
【点评】考查介词,掌握plus的应用。
30.They found something buried     (在……下面) a pile of leaves.
【答案】beneath
【知识点】简单介词
【解析】【分析】句意:他们在一堆树叶下面发现了什么东西。“ 在……下面 ”应用介词 beneath ,与 a pile of leaves 构成介词短语,作状语,故填 beneath 。
【点评】考查介词,本题涉及介词短语作地点状语。
三、语法填空
31.(2023高一下·龙川期中)Ireland's beautiful countryside has always had a great influence     its people and traditions. (用适当的词填空)
【答案】on
【知识点】固定短语;简单介词
【解析】【分析】句意:爱尔兰美丽的乡村一直对其人民和传统产生着巨大的影响。have an influence on固定短语,"对……有影响",故填on。
【点评】考查介词,以及固定短语have an influence on。
32.The common cold is a good example: women,     average, get fewer colds than men.(用适当的介词/副词填空)
【答案】on
【知识点】固定短语;简单介词
【解析】【分析】句意:普通感冒就是一个很好的例子:平均而言,女性患感冒的次数少于男性。on average,固定短语,“平均”,故填 on 。
【点评】考查介词,以及固定短语on average。
33.(2022高一下·双鸭山月考)Parents are advised to involve themselves    their children's education.
【答案】in
【知识点】固定短语;简单介词
【解析】【分析】句意:父母被建议参与他们孩子的教育。involve sb. in sth.,固定短语,“使某人参与……”,故填in。
【点评】考查介词,以及固定短语involve sb. in sth.
34.
We were talking about the loan     Tom entered the room. He said
he came    
an old friend just now on the street.
【答案】when;across
【知识点】固定短语;时间状语从句;简单介词
【解析】【分析】句意:汤姆走进房间时,我们正在谈论贷款。 他说他刚才在街上遇到了一位老朋友。第一空是when引导的时间状语从句,是be doing ...when...固定句式,“正在做.....,这时.....”,故填when;第二空是come across固定短语,“偶然遇见”,故填across。故答案为:when;across。
【点评】考查状语从句和介词,本题涉及when引导的时间状语从句和固定短语come across。
35.Noise, typically caused by ships or construction, does put a threat     marine animals (海洋动物), disturbing their ability to locate food.
【答案】to
【知识点】固定短语;简单介词
【解析】【分析】句意:通常由船只或建筑引起的噪音确实对海洋动物构成了威胁,干扰了它们定位食物的能力。a threat to,固定短语"对……的威胁",故填to。
【点评】考查介词,以及固定短语a threat to。
36.As we all know, dogs have a strong sense   smell.
【答案】of
【知识点】固定短语;简单介词
【解析】【分析】句意:众所周知,狗有强烈的嗅觉。sense of smell固定短语,“嗅觉”,故填of。
【点评】考查介词,以及固定短语sense of smell。
37.What you are doing makes a great difference    the children's lives here.
【答案】to
【知识点】固定短语;简单介词
【解析】【分析】句意:你所做的对这里的孩子们的生活有很大的影响。make a great difference to固定短语,"对......有很大的影响",故填to。
【点评】考查介词,以及固定短语make a great difference to。
38.How could you fail     such an easy test
【答案】in
【知识点】固定短语;简单介词
【解析】【分析】句意:这么简单的考试你怎么会失败?fail in, 固定短语,“在......上失败”,故填in。
【点评】考查介词,以及固定短语fail in。
39.Four departments in Beijing were punished after a probe    the case of an infected woman returning to Beijing from Wuhan.
【答案】into
【知识点】固定短语;简单介词
【解析】【分析】句意:在对一名从武汉返回北京的受感染妇女的案件进行调查后,北京的四个部门受到了处罚。 probe into ...,固定短语,"细查,深究",故填into。
【点评】考查介词,以及固定短语probe into ...。
40.As a carrier of culture, jiaozi is typical    traditional Chinese cuisine culture.
【答案】of
【知识点】简单介词
【解析】【分析】句意:作为文化的载体,饺子是典型的中国传统烹饪文化。be typical of,固定短语,“……的特点,......的特征”,故填 of 。
【点评】考查介词,以及固定短语be typical of 。
备考2023年高考英语一轮复习07:介词与介词短语
一、单选题
1.(2022高三上·竞赛) Surprisingly, the weather report ____ the evening before the storm said there would be strong winds, ____ not a hurricane.
A.at; yet B.of; or C.to; and D.on; but
2.(2022高一上·哈尔滨月考)_____ his hard work, he failed to complete his work as scheduled.
A.In spite B.Despite C.Although D.Regardless
3.(2022高三上·贵溪开学考)Remember to spend some time ________ your loved ones, because they're not going to be around forever.
A.from B.with C.in D.on
4.(2023高一下·伊美月考)After the accident, they got into a situation ________ they fought with each other, and they both ended up ________ prison.
A.that; with B.where; in C.which; in D.where; with
5.(2023高二上·信阳期末)Students hold different opinions toward the news ___________the point value of English ___________ for College Entrance Examination.
A.that; decreased B.of; having decreased
C.that; decreasing D.of; to be decreased
6.In the whirling snow, the soldier stood steadily in front of the gate, ____.
A.a gun being in whose hand B.a gun in hand
C.a gun was in his hand D.with a gun in his hand
7.I like Shanghai ________ it rains. Rainy days really make me down.
A.although B.unless C.except when D.except that
8.(2022高二上·大庆期末)If you are in favour ______ the plan, please help us collect some information ______ your leisure.
A.of; in B.for; at C.of; at D.with; in
9.____________and no way to reduce her pain and suffering from the terrible disease, the patient sought her doctor's help to end her life.
A.Having given up hope of cure B.With no hope for cure
C.There being hope for cure D.In the hope of cure
10.(2022高一上·深圳月考)Please leave the lights on when you walk out of the room.
What sentence element does the underlined part serve as
A.adverbial (状语) B.complement (补语)
C.attributive (定语) D.appositive (同位语)
11.(2023高一下·信宜期中)Going for a walk every evening is beneficial _______ your health.
A.for B.in C.from D.to
12.(2022高二下·喀什期末)They went into the forest ________ search of the lost boy.
A.at B.with C.for D.in
13. Shirley, a real book lover, often brings home many books to read ____ the library.
A.in B.for C.by D.from
14.(2023高一上·富锦期末)He is senior______ me, though he is younger.
A.than B.in C.to D.for
15.(2023高二上·信阳期末)Some people blame the smart phone____ the tragedy, yet in fact, people's weakening self-control____.
A.for, should blame B.for, is to blame
C.on, should be blamed D.on, is to blamed
16.Frank lost his ticket due ________ his carelessness.
A.to B.for C.in D.from
17.(2023高二下·阳山月考)It's very rude ______ you to turn your back to your teacher and refuse to answer.
A.for B.at C.about D.of
18.(2022高一下·龙江期中)We got the final results _________ the basis of a great many experiments.
A.on B.in C.by D.with
19.(2023高一下·牡丹江期中)Don's blame me the accident. It is he who _______.
A.for; is to be blamed B.on; should blame
C.for; is to blame D.on; is blamed
20.(2023高一下·牡丹江期中)_______ receiving a phone call from his wife she had a fall, Mr. Smith immediately rushed home from his office.
A.On; to say B.In; saying C.In; to say D.On; saying
二、单词拼写
21.They said goodbye to John and Mary as they got a    the train to Hangzhou.
22.You could threaten to replace all their tunes    white noise.
23. Firefighters were     the scene immediately.
24.He sat     her all night in the hospital to look after her. (用适当的介词填空)
25.I wanted to major   English at first, but later I changed my mind and now I am a writer.
26.His mother was annoyed     him for being so rude to their neighbors.
27.(2023高一下·浙江期中)With May Day a   , our class decided to hold an activity to celebrate the important day. (根据首字母单词拼写)
28.I read about the wedding news of the famous actor     the newspaper.(用适当的介词填空)
29.—How much are the tickets
—$20 each.     (加) tax and service, for your tickets, that's $96.
30.They found something buried     (在……下面) a pile of leaves.
三、语法填空
31.(2023高一下·龙川期中)Ireland's beautiful countryside has always had a great influence     its people and traditions. (用适当的词填空)
32.The common cold is a good example: women,     average, get fewer colds than men.(用适当的介词/副词填空)
33.(2022高一下·双鸭山月考)Parents are advised to involve themselves    their children's education.
34.
We were talking about the loan     Tom entered the room. He said
he came    
an old friend just now on the street.
35.Noise, typically caused by ships or construction, does put a threat     marine animals (海洋动物), disturbing their ability to locate food.
36.As we all know, dogs have a strong sense   smell.
37.What you are doing makes a great difference    the children's lives here.
38.How could you fail     such an easy test
39.Four departments in Beijing were punished after a probe    the case of an infected woman returning to Beijing from Wuhan.
40.As a carrier of culture, jiaozi is typical    traditional Chinese cuisine culture.
答案解析部分
1.【答案】D
【知识点】常用介词的辨析;表转折关系的连词
【解析】【分析】句意:令人惊讶的是,风暴前一晚的天气预报说会有强风,而不是飓风。分析句子可知,当morning,afternoon,evening前有定修饰时,介词应用on,表示某个具体的早上/下午/晚上;strong winds与a hurricane之间是转折关系,故用but连接。故选D。
【点评】考查介词和连词,区分at;of;to和on的应用以及 yet; or; and和 but的含义。
2.【答案】B
【知识点】简单介词
【解析】【分析】句意:尽管他努力工作,但未能如期完成工作。A. In spite“尽管(后面需要加of)”;B. Despite “尽管”,介词;C. Although“尽管”,连词;D. Regardless“不管(后面常接of)”。根据“he failed to complete his work as scheduled”可知,尽管他努力工作,但是没能如期完工。横线后面为名词,所以空处需要介词despite“尽管”,构成介词短语,在句中作状语。A和D项后面都需要接of;C项后面接句子。故选B。
【点评】考查介词,掌握despite的应用。
3.【答案】B
【知识点】固定短语;简单介词
【解析】【分析】句意:记得花些时间和你爱的人在一起,因为他们不会永远在你身边。A. from“ 从……,来自……”;B. with“和……,伴随……”;C. in “在……里面”;D. on “在……上面”。由句意可知,记得花时间“和”爱人在一起,spend time with somebody ,固定短语,“花费时间和某人在一起”,故选B。
【点评】考查介词辨析,以及固定短语spend time with somebody。
4.【答案】B
【知识点】固定短语;关系副词引导定语从句的用法;简单介词
【解析】【分析】句意:在这次事故后,他们到了互相争斗的境地,最终两人都进了监狱。第一空 they fought with each other 是限制性定语从句,先行词situation表示处境,后面从句作抽象地点状语,用关系副词where引导;第二空是固定短语end up in prison表示"最终以坐牢结束"。故选B。
【点评】考查定语从句和介词,本题涉及关系副词where引导的限制性定语从句和固定短语end up in prison。
5.【答案】D
【知识点】动词不定式;简单介词
【解析】【分析】句意:新闻说高考的英语分值会降低,对此同学们意见不一。如若第一空填that的话,那that引导news的同位语从句,decrease和从句主语the point value成被动关系,从句中谓语应该用decrease的被动语态,故可以排除C项。因为如若从句需要谓语且需要被动语态,所以排除A项。第一空填of,of为介词,介次后面加名词,所以整个the point value of Enlish______for GaoKao College Entrance Examination部分作一个名词结构。decrease和其逻辑主语the point value之间成被动关系,用被动语态,故排除B项。由句意可知,decrease这个动作还没有发生。所以用动词不定式表将来。综上,这里要用动词不定式的被动形式。故选D。
【点评】考查介词和非谓语动词,本题涉及介词of的应用以及不定式的被动式作定语。
6.【答案】D
【知识点】with的复合结构
【解析】【分析】句意:在纷飞的雪中,那个士兵稳稳地站在门前,手里拿着一支枪。根据句意和句子结构可知,表达“手里拿着一支枪”可用with复合结构,即with+名词+介词短语,即with a gun in his hand,故选D。
【点评】考查with复合结构,本题涉及“ith+名词+介词短语”。
7.【答案】C
【知识点】固定短语;简单介词
【解析】【分析】句意:我喜欢上海,除非下雨。 下雨天真的让我很沮丧。根据语境可知,是指下雨的时候,不喜欢上海,是when 引导的宾语从句,故选C。
【点评】考查介词,掌握except when的应用。
8.【答案】C
【知识点】固定短语;简单介词
【解析】【分析】句意:如果你赞成这个计划,请在你有空的时候帮助我们收集一些信息。固定短语:in favour of“赞成,支持”;at one's leisure“有空时”。故选C。
【点评】考查介词,以及固定短语in favour of和at one's leisure。
9.【答案】B
【知识点】with的复合结构
【解析】【分析】句意:这位病人由于没有治愈的希望和减轻其痛苦的方法,她饱受疾病煎熬,于是请求大夫结束她的生命。逗号前的内容作状语,该部分是由介词with构成的短语及现在分词短语suffering from the terrible disease构成的,介词with有两个宾语,分别是no hope for cure和 no way to reduce her pain。故选B。
【点评】考查句式结构,本题涉及with的复合结构作状语的用法。
10.【答案】B
【知识点】简单介词
【解析】【分析】句意:当你走出房间时,请不要关灯。下划线部分充当什么句子元素?根据句意,结合句子结构,可知该句属于Vt(leave)+宾语(the lights)+宾补(on)的结构,故选B,
【点评】考查介词作宾补,注意找出句子的宾语以及宾语的状态。
11.【答案】D
【知识点】固定短语;常用介词的辨析
【解析】【分析】句意:每天晚上散步对你的健康有益。be beneficial to 固定短语,"对......有益",故填to。
【点评】考查介词,以及固定短语be beneficial to。
12.【答案】D
【知识点】固定短语;常用介词的辨析
【解析】【分析】句意:他们到森林里去寻找那个走失的男孩。A. at“在……岁时”;B. with“和”;C. for“为了”;D. in“在……里面”。in search of固定短语,“寻找”,故选D
【点评】考查介词词义辨析和固定短语,区分 at; with; for和 in的含义以及固定短语in search of。
13.【答案】D
【知识点】常用介词的辨析
【解析】【分析】句意:Shirley,一个真正爱书的人,经常把许多书从图书馆带到家里去看。A. in“在……里面”;B. for“为了”;C. by“依靠”;D. from“来自”。根据“bring home”可知,Shirley未在图书馆看书,所以不能用in the library;根据句意,书应该是从图书馆带回来的,即bring something from some place。故选D。
【点评】考查介词词义辨析,区分in;for;by和from的含义。
14.【答案】C
【知识点】固定短语;常用介词的辨析
【解析】【分析】句意:他虽然比我年轻,但资历比我高。be senior to 固定短语,“比……资历高”,故选C。
【点评】考查介词,以及固定短语be senior to。
15.【答案】B
【知识点】固定短语;简单介词
【解析】【分析】句意:有些人把悲剧归咎于智能手机,但事实上,人们自我控制能力的削弱是罪魁祸首。 blame... for...,固定短语,“因……而责备”;be to blame固定短语,“应承担责任,该受责备(或指责)的”,故选B。
【点评】考查介词和动词短语,掌握blame... for...和be to blame的含义。
16.【答案】A
【知识点】固定短语;简单介词
【解析】【分析】句意: Frank 由于粗心大意把票丢了。due to 固定短语,“由于,因为”,作原因状语,故填to。
【点评】考查介词,以及固定短语due to。
17.【答案】D
【知识点】常用介词的辨析;固定句式
【解析】【分析】句意:你背过身去不回答老师的问题,真是太粗鲁了。It's rude of sb. to do sth.固定短语,"某人做某事很粗鲁"。故选D。
【点评】考查介词辨析,以及固定句式It's rude of sb. to do sth.。
18.【答案】A
【知识点】固定短语;常用介词的辨析
【解析】【分析】句意:在大量实验的基础上,我们得到了最后的结果。A. on“在……上面”;B. in “在……里面”;C. by“依靠”;D. with“用”。根据“We got the final results”可知,得出的结果是在大量实验的基础上。on the basis of固定短语,“在……的基础上”,故选A。
【点评】考查介词词义辨析,区分 on; in; by和 with的含义和应用,以及固定短语on the basis of。
19.【答案】B
【知识点】固定短语;一般现在时;简单介词
【解析】【分析】句意:这次事故不要怪我。该受责备的是他。第一空是blame sb. for sth.固定短语,"为某事责备某人";第二空是be to blame固定短语,"该受责备"。故选B。
【点评】考查介词和固定短语,掌握blame sb. for sth.以及be to blame。
20.【答案】D
【知识点】动词现在分词;简单介词
【解析】【分析】句意:史密斯先生接到他妻子的电话说她摔了一跤,他立刻从办公室冲回家去。on doing固定短语,"刚一做某事",因此第一个空应用介词on;根据逻辑主语his wife和say之间是主动关系,因此第二个空应用现在分词。故选D。
【点评】考查介词和非谓语动词,本题涉及现在分词作定语,以及固定短语on doing。
21.【答案】aboard
【知识点】简单介词
【解析】【分析】句意:当他们登上去杭州的火车时,他们向约翰和玛丽道别。根据句意和首字母,应用 aboard ,“登上”,介词,aboard the train,“上火车”,故填 aboard 。
【点评】考查介词,掌握 aboard 的应用。
22.【答案】with
【知识点】固定短语;简单介词
【解析】【分析】句意:你可能会威胁要用白噪音取代他们所有的曲调。replace...with...,固定短语,“用.....取代......”,故填with。
【点评】考查介词,以及固定短语replace...with...。
23.【答案】on
【知识点】固定短语;简单介词
【解析】【分析】句意:消防队员立即赶到现场。on the scene固定短语,"在现场",此处介词短语作表语,故填on。
【点评】考查介词,以及固定短语on the scene。
24.【答案】beside
【知识点】简单介词
【解析】【分析】句意:他在医院里整夜坐在她身边照顾她。 beside “在......旁边”,此处介词短语作状语,故填 beside 。
【点评】考查介词,掌握 beside 的应用。
25.【答案】in
【知识点】固定短语;简单介词
【解析】【分析】句意:起初我想主修英语,但后来我改变了主意,现在我成了一名作家。major in固定短语,“主修”,故填in。
【点评】考查介词,以及固定短语major in。
26.【答案】with
【知识点】固定短语;简单介词
【解析】【分析】句意:他的母亲因他对邻居如此无礼而生他的气。be annoyed with sb. for ...,固定短语,“因为......和某人生气”,故填with。
【点评】考查介词,以及固定短语be annoyed with sb. for ...。
27.【答案】approaching/ pproaching
【知识点】动词现在分词;with的复合结构
【解析】【分析】句意:随着五一劳动节的临近,我们班决定举办一次活动来庆祝这个重要的日子。根据单词首字母及句意"临近"可知,动词approach符合句意;此处为with复合结构,May Day与approach 之间为主动关系,应用现在分词表主动。故填approaching。
【点评】考查非谓语动词,本题涉及with复合结构和现在分词作宾补。
28.【答案】in
【知识点】简单介词
【解析】【分析】句意:我在报纸上读到了著名演员的婚礼新闻。“在报纸上”应用介词in,在……上面,指报纸上面的内容,故填in。
【点评】考查介词,掌握in的应用。
29.【答案】Plus
【知识点】简单介词
【解析】【分析】句意:——票要多少钱?——每张20美元。 加上税费和服务费,您的门票价格为 96 美元。“ 加 ”应用 plus,介词,此处作状语,故填 Plus 。
【点评】考查介词,掌握plus的应用。
30.【答案】beneath
【知识点】简单介词
【解析】【分析】句意:他们在一堆树叶下面发现了什么东西。“ 在……下面 ”应用介词 beneath ,与 a pile of leaves 构成介词短语,作状语,故填 beneath 。
【点评】考查介词,本题涉及介词短语作地点状语。
31.【答案】on
【知识点】固定短语;简单介词
【解析】【分析】句意:爱尔兰美丽的乡村一直对其人民和传统产生着巨大的影响。have an influence on固定短语,"对……有影响",故填on。
【点评】考查介词,以及固定短语have an influence on。
32.【答案】on
【知识点】固定短语;简单介词
【解析】【分析】句意:普通感冒就是一个很好的例子:平均而言,女性患感冒的次数少于男性。on average,固定短语,“平均”,故填 on 。
【点评】考查介词,以及固定短语on average。
33.【答案】in
【知识点】固定短语;简单介词
【解析】【分析】句意:父母被建议参与他们孩子的教育。involve sb. in sth.,固定短语,“使某人参与……”,故填in。
【点评】考查介词,以及固定短语involve sb. in sth.
34.【答案】when;across
【知识点】固定短语;时间状语从句;简单介词
【解析】【分析】句意:汤姆走进房间时,我们正在谈论贷款。 他说他刚才在街上遇到了一位老朋友。第一空是when引导的时间状语从句,是be doing ...when...固定句式,“正在做.....,这时.....”,故填when;第二空是come across固定短语,“偶然遇见”,故填across。故答案为:when;across。
【点评】考查状语从句和介词,本题涉及when引导的时间状语从句和固定短语come across。
35.【答案】to
【知识点】固定短语;简单介词
【解析】【分析】句意:通常由船只或建筑引起的噪音确实对海洋动物构成了威胁,干扰了它们定位食物的能力。a threat to,固定短语"对……的威胁",故填to。
【点评】考查介词,以及固定短语a threat to。
36.【答案】of
【知识点】固定短语;简单介词
【解析】【分析】句意:众所周知,狗有强烈的嗅觉。sense of smell固定短语,“嗅觉”,故填of。
【点评】考查介词,以及固定短语sense of smell。
37.【答案】to
【知识点】固定短语;简单介词
【解析】【分析】句意:你所做的对这里的孩子们的生活有很大的影响。make a great difference to固定短语,"对......有很大的影响",故填to。
【点评】考查介词,以及固定短语make a great difference to。
38.【答案】in
【知识点】固定短语;简单介词
【解析】【分析】句意:这么简单的考试你怎么会失败?fail in, 固定短语,“在......上失败”,故填in。
【点评】考查介词,以及固定短语fail in。
39.【答案】into
【知识点】固定短语;简单介词
【解析】【分析】句意:在对一名从武汉返回北京的受感染妇女的案件进行调查后,北京的四个部门受到了处罚。 probe into ...,固定短语,"细查,深究",故填into。
【点评】考查介词,以及固定短语probe into ...。
40.【答案】of
【知识点】简单介词
【解析】【分析】句意:作为文化的载体,饺子是典型的中国传统烹饪文化。be typical of,固定短语,“……的特点,......的特征”,故填 of 。
【点评】考查介词,以及固定短语be typical of 。

转载请注明出处高中试卷答案网 » 备考2023年高考英语一轮复习07:介词与介词短语

分享:

相关推荐