高中试卷答案网Unit 2 Sports Culture
单元测试（B卷）
（考试时间：120分钟 试卷满分：150分）
注意事项：
1．本试卷分第Ⅰ卷（选择题）和第Ⅱ卷（非选择题）两部分。答卷前，考生务必将自己的姓名、准考证号填写在答题卡上。
2．回答第Ⅰ卷时，选出每小题答案后，用2B铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑。如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案标号。写在本试卷上无效。
3．回答第Ⅱ卷时，将答案写在答题卡上。写在本试卷上无效。
4．考试结束后，将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。
第一部分 听力（共30分，略）
第二部分 阅读（共两节，满分50分）
第一节（共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分）
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。
A
The Winter Olympic Games are not just an opportunity for athletes to win medals and honour for their countries. Every four years, the Games also offer audiences a chance to get to know more about winter sports from around the world. The Winter Olympics may not have the large crowds and huge stars of its summer sibling, but they share the same Olympic spirit.
Skiing
One of the most popular sports of the Winter Olympic Games is skiing. Skiers compete in the downhill and slalom(回转赛), and in the short and long cross-country ski races. Skiing was originally a sport played only in cold northern countries, but now athletes from all over the world compete in this sport, even those from countries without any snow!
Skating
Skaters compete with each other in speed races or in figure-skating events. The figure-skaters are generally considered to be the stars of the Winter Olympic Games. These ice princes and princesses are so graceful that it’s easy to forget that they are actually highly skilled athletes.
The skeleton
The skeleton is one of the strangest-name d sports of the Olympics. The skeleton is named after the shape of the metal sleds used in the 1890s, when the sport first started. The skeleton is a downhill sled race, usually on ice. This sport looks a little like the luge(无舵雪橇), where a person sits on the back of the sled with his or her feet forward, but the skeleton is a lot more exciting and dangerous than that. In the skeleton, a person lies on his or her stomach on the sled, with his or her head pointing downhill!
1．What is the sibling of the Winter Olympics
A．Skiing. B．Skating.
C．The skeleton. D．The Summer Olympics.
2．What can we learn about Skiing
A．It can involve speed and graceful figures.
B．It is the most dangerous sport of the Olympics.
C．It first started only in cold northern countries.
D．It was originally played in the 1890s and usually on ice.
3．How does the writer describe figure-skaters
A．They compete in the downhill and slalom.
B．They are both graceful and highly skilled.
C．They sit on the sled with their feet forward.
D．They lie on the stomach with heads downward.
B
At 81 years old, Jeanne Daprano is still pushing her body to the limit. She’s still running competitive races, breaking world records and taking on new challenges.“The thing I’m learning about aging is that it’s inevitable,” Daprano said.“I’m not going to escape it. There are two ways to go:You can either press on or give up.”
Daprano grew up in Iowa. Then, she moved to California. As a primary school teacher, she began running in order to keep up with her student.“I was known as a running teacher,” she said.“I had my students do fitness before we studied in the morning and then throughout the day.”Then she began running competitively with 5K and 10K road races before moving to the track. She is now the world record holder in the women’s 75-year-old age group 400 meters and 800 meters. “When I get to the final fi nish line, I want this body to be worn out. I’m not doing this to live to be 100. I’m doing this to be the best I can be today.”
After moving to Atlanta about a decade ago, Daprano met fitness trainer David Buer. Ever since, she’s been coming to his gym, where he tailors workouts for Daprano’s specifc needs.“When she came to me, she was pushing 70 years old,”Buer said.“I’ve worked with other individuals of Jeanne’s age, but she came to me with different goals. She had a unique drive and passion—not just a passion for fitness or athletics but for life in general.”
Last February, Daprano took on a new challenge: her first indoor rowing competition. In classic fashion, she broke the world record in the 80-to-84 age group, rowing 2,000 meters in 9:23:7. For those hoping to either start getting in shape or stay in shape for a long time, she offers this advice: Listen to your body. What are you passionate about How are you going to keep physically fit and mentally fit Start where you are. Don’t look ahead or compare yourself to somebody else.
4．What does the underlined word“inevitable” in Paragraph 1 probably mean
A．Invisible. B．Abnormal. C．Impossible. D．Unavoidable.
5．Daprano started her life as a runner when ________.
A．working at a primary school B．taking fitness training classes
C．volunteering in a 5K road race D．moving to Atlanta
6．What might be Buer’s first impression of Daprano
A．She was a qualified teacher. B．She was an unusual woman.
C．She was too old to run a race. D．She was hard to get along with.
7．What does Daprano suggest we do
A．Run right now. B．Live and learn.
C．Follow your heart. D．Be a good listener.
C
Antoine Craig, a blind athlete, has been blind since 2010. He gradually lost his sight due to a genetic disease. Working through difficulties, Craig says, he has found his value. “Once I lost my eyesight, I began the process of rediscovering myself.” he says.
Craig, now 40, heard from a friend about people running at the school’s gym with their hands linked by shoestrings (鞋带). Craig decided to give it a try. “In the beginning, it was pure coping (应对).” he says. “It allowed me to do something I could be proud of. More importantly, here people became my friends, who were always ready to help me. These people became my family.”
In 2017, he won a silver medal in the 200-meter race at the 2017 US Paralympic Nationals. In 2019 he competed at the Parapan American Games in Lima, Peru. In 2021, running for a chance to compete in the 2020 Summer Paralympics in Tokyo — delayed for a year, he finished second in the 100.
Learning a US national team was forming for blind soccer, he went for it. Last fall. Craig was named to the team, which will play in the Los Angeles Paralympics in 2028. On March 19 and 20, 2023, the team hosted its first two “international friendly” games against Canada in Chula Vista, California. Craig couldn’t play as planned due to a concussion (脑震荡) in practice before the games. He spoke with his teammates before both games and, on his Facebook page, asked friends and supporters to lend support. When asked how the team performed, Craig answered cheerfully, “You know, we won!”
Craig finished a psychology degree from VCU in 2016 and completed his master’s degree in mental health counseling (咨询) in December 2022. Now he has his own business, LegendaryU Counseling. focusing on athletes with disabilities. He also regularly posts videos to his Instagram, hoping to inspire others.
8．Why did Craig want to try running at first
A．To meet friends. B．To help others in need.
C．To find himself. D．To escape from his family.
9．What is the main idea of paragraph 3
A．It is important to run. B．Craig was running well.
C．Running is easy for Craig. D．Craig succeeded in Tokyo.
10．What can we learn about Craig from paragraph 4
A．He had a positive attitude. B．He performed well in the game.
C．His team played in Canada. D．His supporters were disappointed.
11．Why does Craig start his company
A．To make improvements to himself academically.
B．To help people see beyond their challenges.
C．To win more medals in the competitions.
D．To post videos to the disabled people.
D
The sportswear giant Nike has announced the construction of an eco-friendly basketball court which uses recycled sport shoes as the raw materials at the national finals of the 2022-23 China High School Basketball League (CHBL) on May 14. The court is set to be completed by the end of July this year in Guangzhou.
Cooperating with the China School Sports Federation, Nike launched the environmental protection charity project for the CHBL 2022-23 Season. The project encourages the involvement of CHBL players coaches, basketball enthusiasts and consumers in the collection and recycling of old sport shoes. Through advanced technology, thrown-away sport shoes will be processed and used in the construction of the first ever CHBL-themed eco-friendly basketball court.
Over the past two months, the old sport shoes collection bins have traveled alongside the CHBL tour making stops at the four major regional tournaments held in the east, west, south and north of China. The bins have gone into schools, including Tsinghua High School in Beijing and Huipu Middle School in Taizhou Zhejiang province, spreading the spirits of CHBL and inspiring its players to become role models not only on the basketball court, but also in their everyday lives.
Famous female basketball player Han Xu has actively contributed to the collection of used shoes and expressed her support for the project through her personal social media channels. Zhang Lei, secretary general of the CSSF, says that CHBL not only assists young players and teenagers in improving their basketball skills but also promotes the development of basketball culture within campuses.
In addition to expanding the league’s size and influence, we have also added environmental education into the program. Environmental education plays an important role in shaping society’s core values. It guides young individuals toward understanding the importance of environmental issues, forming a proper attitude on the relationship between humans and nature, and raising their environmental awareness and practices. It serves as an endless source of developing environmental consciousness throughout society.
The construction of the eco-friendly basketball court marks a significant step in Nike’s commitment to supporting young basketball fans while putting environmental sustainability (持续性) at the first place.
12．Which is true about the basketball court mentioned
A．It is built out of recycled sport shoes.
B．It is built by Nike without any help.
C．It has already been put into use.
D．It does harm to the environment.
13．What is Han Xu and Zhang Lei’s attitude toward the basketball court
A．Doubtful. B．Negative. C．Indifferent. D．Supportive.
14．What can we infer from the passage
A．Nike builds such a basketball court for making more money.
B．CHBL attaches great importance to environment protection.
C．Only basketball players benefit from the construction of the court.
D．Environmental education has no connection with society’s core values.
15．What is probably the best title
A．Ways to Recycle Thrown-away Sport Shoes Effectively
B．The Importance of Jointly Protecting the Environment
C．Eco-friendly Basketball Court to be Completed in Guangzhou
D．The Benefits of Living in Harmony with Nature for Humans
第二节（共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分）
阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
When it comes to exercise, less is not more—but it’s certainly better than none. Physical inactivity accounts for as many as 23% of all deaths from major chronic (diseases). 16 Some people say that they have no free time for physical activity at all.
17 While light activity is good, moderate activity is even better, and health experts encourage everyone to have at least 30 minutes a day of moderate physical activity. 18 As recent studies have confirmed, “lifestyle” activities, such as walking, house cleaning and gardening, are as effective as a structured exercise program in improving heart function, lowering blood pressure and keeping or losing weight.
In one study, overweight middle-aged men and women who learned behavioral skills to make them more physically active, such as walking around airports or train stations while waiting for a departure, reduced their body fat percentage and improved their heart function as much as individuals participating in structured programs at a fitness center. In another study, fat women ranging in age from 21 to 60 who adopted a more active lifestyle lost as much weight as women in a low-impact aerobics(有氧运动)program. 19
There are different levels and types of activities, like aerobics and muscle exercise. 20 Besides, short periods of exercise during the day are nearly as beneficial as one long session.
A．They are really helpful.
B．But you don’t have to head to a gym.
C．Regular exercise is good for old people.
D．Getting the proper amount of exercise is important.
E．Light activity can improve physical and mental well-being.
F．Furthermore, they regained fewer pounds in the following year.
G．However, there are many people who spend a lot of time sitting down.
第三部分 语言运用（共两节，满分30分）
第一节 （共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分）
阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
I had been skiing since childhood. I’d 21 fallen, I’d never crashed into anything, and I’d 22 mostly to the “blue” trails — the ones for intermediate (中级水平的) skiers. Therefore, for my first day on the mountain, I decided to 23 a blue run, one I had done many times before.
When I reached the top of the blue trails — only chairlift (缆椅), though, something in the atmosphere 24 . Why was it so cold Were the blue trails always this sharp The rhythm of the chairlift started to sound less 25 .
It 26 that simply having skied “many times before” didn’t mean I was getting better at it. There’s a large body of 27 showing that practice—or even just doing — doesn’t make us any better at the activity, so it is with skiing. The joy of getting better sometimes comes along with the 28 of getting worse.
One afternoon, I took a chairlift with a retired ski 29 named Bob. When I told him I was struggling, he 30 to watch me take an easy slope and assessed what I was doing wrong.
Bob 31 me that the learning process looks a lot like backsliding (倒退). When babies first learn to walk, they progress from 32 imitation. Sometimes it seems that we’re losing ground, but we’re actually 33 a new skill. An 34 attempt is often a sign that you’re learning.
“You’re skiing better already!” he shouted at me.
“Thank you!” I yelled back.
Then I skied a few more feet and 35 .
21．A．frequently B．rarely C．mostly D．steadily
22．A．submitted B．reduced C．stuck D．restricted
23．A．tackle B．declare C．change D．skip
24．A．continued B．emerged C．conflicted D．disappeared
25．A．refreshed B．sensitive C．alien D．harmonious
26．A．took on B．turned out C．held on D．worked out
27．A．trend B．custom C．prejudice D．evidence
28．A．pain B．influence C．bonus D．award
29．A．official B．director C．constructor D．instructor
30．A．offered B．learned C．managed D．preferred
31．A．urged B．reminded C．guaranteed D．stimulated
32．A．similar B．regular C．random D．effective
33．A．unlocking B．switching C．testing D．suspending
34．A．anxious B．awkward C．aimless D．early
35．A．fell B．balanced C．proceeded D．abandoned
第二节（共10小题；每小题1. 5分, 满分15分）
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入 1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
Once considered as one of the best and strictest referees (裁判) in the NBA, Javie is now working at a church in America.
Despite coming from a diligent family, sports were in Javie’s blood too. It was sports that really inspired him as a young boy. His father had a career as a football back referee for the football league, 36 his grandfather was an umpire (裁判员) for the baseball league.
In Javie’s 37 (young) days, a famous basketball team had picked him as a possible basketball player, but that was destroyed by an arm 38 (injure). He started as a baseball umpire and then shifted to a basketball referee, 39 (become) an NBA referee in 1986, 40 he quickly developed a bad reputation for his bad temper. In one game, Javie even drove out one of the 41 (announcer), and in another threw out a team mascot (吉祥物).
As his years in the NBA 42 (go) by, Javie developed a good reputation not only as one of 43 most feared referees but also a 44 (respect) one. In 2000, he began suffering 45 an arthritic (关节炎的) knee. So during the season, he was barely working. Surgery could only postpone the terrible situation. As a result, Javie had to change his job as a member of church staff in America.
第四部分 写作（共两节, 满分40分）
第一节（满分15分）
46．假定你是某校国际班的班长，你班将于下周三举行乒乓球比赛，请用英语写一则口头通知，内容包括：
1. 比赛时间与地点；
2. 报名截止时间；
3. 参赛者需自带装备。
注意：写作词数应为80左右。
参考词汇：乒乓球拍pingpong racket
Good morning, everybody! May I have your attention, please
___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
That’s all, thank you.
第二节（满分25分）
47．阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。
Dave had loved basketball for as long as he could remember and he had never had a day without playing it. At primary school and junior high school he joined basketball clubs, attended training programs and watched basketball games, from which he learned the moves of the star players, wishing to play in a professional team like them and shine on the court.
Now as a senior high school student, however, his dream of becoming a professional player was dimming (变暗) because he was only of average height. He had to give up the hope of joining the school team. The guys on the school team were all tall boys who played matches and won honors for the school. They were like heroes. Dave watched them play and cheered them but he knew he would never be one of them.
Dave felt it a pity not to be tall enough, but this didn’t stop him from pouring his passion into basketball. He just played for the love of the sport. He played in the school gym with other boys or by himself every day, even during holidays and weekends, when it was open for two hours in the morning. He enjoyed every minute on the court making every effort to play better.
It was one Saturday morning. Dave was playing in the gym by himself, as all the other boys were busy with other weekend affairs. Then he noticed a tall boy approaching. It was Lankas. Everybody knows him as captain of the school basketball team. “Hi, Lankas,” Dave greeted him. “My name is Dave.” “Hi, Dave,” Lankas replied as he got closer. “Nice to see you here. Do you need an opponent to play against ” Dave was shocked, frozen right there, unable to believe his ears but somehow, he answered, “Why not ”
注意：
1.续写词数应为150左右；
2.请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
So, a game of two players began.
________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
The next Saturday, when Dave was playing in the gym, Lankas appeared shouting, “Dave, I have good news for you.”
________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
参考答案：
1．D 2．C 3．B
【导语】本文是一篇应用文。文章介绍了三种冬季运动项目，分别是滑雪、溜冰以及俯式冰橇。
1．细节理解题。根据第一段中最后一句“The Winter Olympics may not have the large crowds and huge stars of its summer sibling, but they share the same Olympic spirit.(冬季奥运会可能没有它夏季的姊妹那样有那么多的观众和巨星，但它们有着同样的奥林匹克精神)”可知，冬季奥运会的姊妹是夏季奥运会，即“The Summer Olympics”。故选D。
2．细节理解题。根据第二段“Skiing was originally a sport played only in cold northern countries, but now athletes from all over the world compete in this sport, even those from countries without any snow!(滑雪最初是一项只在寒冷的北方国家进行的运动，但现在来自世界各地的运动员参加这项运动，甚至那些来自没有雪的国家的运动员！)”可知，滑雪最初只在寒冷的北方国家开始。故选C。
3．推理判断题。根据倒数第二段“These ice princes and princesses are so graceful that it’s easy to forget that they are actually highly skilled athletes.(这些冰雪王子和公主是如此优雅，以至于人们很容易忘记他们实际上是技艺高超的运动员)”可推知，花样滑冰运动员既优雅又技艺精湛。故选B。
4．D 5．A 6．B 7．C
【导语】本文为一篇记叙文。81岁的Jeanne Daprano仍然在突破身体的极限，她参加竞技比赛，打破世界纪录，接受新的挑战。文章介绍了她如何开始跑步并描述了她对运动的热爱。
4．词义猜测题。根据文章第一段“I’m not going to escape it. There are two ways to go: You can either press on or give up.（我不会逃避的。你有两种选择：要么坚持下去，要么放弃。）”可以推测，Jeanne Daprano认为衰老是一个不可避免的过程，她无法逃避，只有两种选择，要么坚持，要么放弃。inevitable与unavoidable为近义词。故选D。
5．细节理解题。根据文章第二段“Daprano grew up in Iowa. Then, she moved to California. As a primary school teacher, she began running in order to keep up with her student.（Daprano在爱荷华州长大。后来，她搬到了加州。作为一名小学教师，她开始跑步以跟上她的学生。）”可知，当在一所小学工作时，Daprano开始了她的跑步生涯。故选A。
6．推理判断题。根据文章倒数第二段“‘When she came to me, she was pushing 70 years old,’Buer said. ‘I’ve worked with other individuals Jeanne’s age, but she came to me with different goals. She had a unique drive and passion — not just a passion for fitness or athletics but for life in general.’（布尔说:“她来找我的时候已经快70岁了。”“我和其他和珍妮同龄的人一起工作过，但她带着不同的目标来找我。她有一种独特的动力和激情——不仅仅是对健身或运动的激情，而是对生活的激情。”）”可知，当Buer第一次见到Daprano时，他认为她是与众不同的。故选B。
7．细节理解题。根据文章最后一段“For those hoping to either start getting in shape or stay in shape for a long time, she offers this advice: Listen to your body. What are you passionate about How are you going to keep physically fit and mentally fit Start where you are. Don’t look ahead or compare yourself to somebody else.（对于那些希望开始保持身材或长期保持身材的人，她提供了这样的建议：倾听你的身体。你对什么有热情？你将如何保持身体健康和精神健康？ 从你所在的地方开始。不要向前看，也不要拿自己和别人比较。）”可知，Daprano建议我们跟随自己的内心做出选择。故选C。
8．C 9．B 10．A 11．B
【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。介绍盲人运动员安托万·克雷格发现自我，超越自我的励志故事。
8．细节理解题。根据首段第一句“Antoine Craig, a blind athlete, has been blind since 2010. (安托万·克雷格是一名盲人运动员，自2010年以来一直失明。)”以及末句““Once I lost my eyesight, I began the process of rediscovering myself.” he says. (“失去视力后，我开始重新发现自己。”他说。)”可知，克雷格尝试跑步是为了发现自己。故选C。
9．段落大意题。根据第三段“In 2017, he won a silver medal in the 200-meter race at the 2017 US Paralympic Nationals. In 2019 he competed at the Parapan American Games in Lima, Peru. In 2021, running for a chance to compete in the 2020 Summer Paralympics in Tokyo — delayed for a year, he finished second in the 100. (2017年，他在2017年美国残疾人全国赛200米比赛中获得银牌。2019年，他参加了在秘鲁利马举行的泛美运动会。2021年，为了争取2020年东京夏季残奥会的参赛机会——推迟了一年，他在100米短跑中获得了第二名。)”可知，克雷格在跑步比赛中获得名次，可知他跑得很好。故选B。
10．推理判断题。根据第四段最后三句“Craig couldn’t play as planned due to a concussion (脑震荡) in practice before the games. He spoke with his teammates before both games and, on his Facebook page, asked friends and supporters to lend support. When asked how the team performed, Craig answered cheerfully, “You know, we won!” (克雷格在比赛前的训练中由于脑震荡而无法按计划比赛。他在两场比赛前都和队友们进行了交谈，并在他的Facebook页面上请求朋友和支持者们给予支持。当被问及球队表现如何时，克雷格高兴地回答说：“你知道，我们赢了！”)”可知，克雷格因为脑震荡无法参加比赛，但是他仍尽所能去支持队友。可知他是一个态度积极乐观的人。故选A。
11．推理判断题。根据克雷格自己的事迹以及末段最后三句“Now he has his own business, LegendaryU Counseling. focusing on athletes with disabilities. He also regularly posts videos to his Instagram, hoping to inspire others. (现在他有了自己的公司——传奇咨询公司。关注残疾运动员。他还定期在自己的Instagram上发布视频，希望能激励其他人。)”可知，克雷格创办公司是为了关注残疾运动员，激励他们超越自我，超越挑战。故选B。
12．A 13．D 14．B 15．C
【导语】本文是篇说明文。在5月14日举行的2022-23中国高中篮球联赛(CHBL)全国总决赛上，运动服装巨头耐克宣布将建造一个使用回收运动鞋作为原材料的环保篮球场，这一活动得到各方人士的大力支持，标志着耐克在支持年轻篮球迷的同时，将环境可持续性放在首位的承诺迈出了重要的一步。
12．细节理解题。根据第一段“The sportswear giant Nike has announced the construction of an eco-friendly basketball court which uses recycled sport shoes as the raw materials at the national finals of the 2022-23 China High School Basketball League (CHBL) on May 14.”（在5月14日举行的2022-23中国高中篮球联赛(CHBL)全国总决赛上，运动服装巨头耐克宣布将建造一个使用回收运动鞋作为原材料的环保篮球场。）可知，文中提到的篮球场是由回收的运动鞋建造的，A项正确。故选A。
13．推理判断题。根据第四段“Famous female basketball player Han Xu has actively contributed to the collection of used shoes and expressed her support for the project through her personal social media channels. ”（著名女篮球运动员韩旭积极参与旧鞋收集活动，并通过个人社交媒体渠道表达了对该项目的支持。）和“Zhang Lei, secretary general of the CSSF, says that CHBL not only assists young players and teenagers in improving their basketball skills but also promotes the development of basketball culture within campuses.”（中国篮球联合会秘书长张磊表示，中国篮球联合会不仅帮助年轻球员和青少年提高篮球技术，而且还促进了校园篮球文化的发展。）可知，韩旭和张磊对环保篮球场持支持态度。故选D。
14．推理判断题。根据第五段“In addition to expanding the league’s size and influence, we have also added environmental education into the program.”（除了扩大联赛的规模和影响力，我们还在项目中加入了环境教育。）及文章内容可知，CHBL在联赛中加入了环境教育，可见非常重视环境保护。故选B。
15．主旨大意题。根据第一段“The court is set to be completed by the end of July this year in Guangzhou.”（该球场将于今年7月底在广州完工。）和最后一段“The construction of the eco-friendly basketball court marks a significant step in Nike’s commitment to supporting young basketball fans while putting environmental sustainability (持续性) at the first place.”（环保篮球场的建设标志着耐克在支持年轻篮球迷的同时，将环境可持续性放在首位的承诺迈出了重要的一步。）及全文内容可知，本文主要讲述了由耐克公司建造的环保篮球场将在广州完工，C项“广州环保篮球场即将竣工”符合文意。故选C。
16．G 17．E 18．B 19．F 20．A
【导语】本文是说明文。文章主要介绍了我们每天应该做多少锻炼。研究表明久坐的人会增加患病的几率，因此专家建议我们每天都要做轻微运动，最好每天不少于30分钟的适度运动。
16．前文“When it comes to exercise, less is not more—but it’s certainly better than none. Physical inactivity accounts for as many as 23% of all deaths from major chronic (diseases).( 说到锻炼，少不等于多——但肯定比没有好。缺乏身体活动占所有主要慢性病死亡人数的23%。)”说明锻炼对身体非常有益处，下文“Some people say that they have no free time for physical activity at all.( 有些人说他们根本没有空闲时间进行体育活动。)”说明有些人不进行锻炼，与上文是转折关系，G项“然而，有很多人花很多时间坐着。”符合语境，与前文是转折关系，与下文是顺承关系，故选G。
17．后文“While light activity is good, moderate activity is even better, and health experts encourage everyone to have at least 30 minutes a day of moderate physical activity.( 虽然轻度运动很好，但适度运动更好，健康专家鼓励每个人每天至少进行30分钟的适度体育锻炼。)”提到了轻度运动很好，E项“轻度运动可以改善身心健康。”符合语境，下文的“light activity”呼应E项中的“Light activity”。故选E。
18．前文“While light activity is good, moderate activity is even better, and health experts encourage everyone to have at least 30 minutes a day of moderate physical activity.( 虽然轻度运动很好，但适度运动更好，健康专家鼓励每个人每天至少进行30分钟的适度体育锻炼。)”说明适度锻炼更好，专家建议每天至少进行30分钟的适度锻炼，下文“As recent studies have confirmed, “lifestyle” activities, such as walking, house cleaning and gardening, are as effective as a structured exercise program in improving heart function, lowering blood pressure and keeping or losing weight.(最近的研究证实，在改善心脏功能、降低血压、保持或减轻体重方面，“生活方式”活动，如散步、打扫房间和园艺，与有组织的锻炼计划一样有效。)”说明日常生活中的一些活动和有组织的锻炼一样有效，因此推断B项“你不必去健身房”符合语境。故选B。
19．前文“In another study, fat women ranging in age from 21 to 60 who adopted a more active lifestyle lost as much weight as women in a low-impact aerobics(有氧运动)program.( 在另一项研究中，年龄在21岁到60岁之间的肥胖女性采用了更积极的生活方式，她们减掉的体重与参加低强度有氧运动的女性一样多。)”说明一项研究中，一些肥胖女性采用积极的生活方式与参加低强度的有氧运动在减轻体重方面效果一样，F项“此外，在接下来的一年里，她们的体重反弹得更少。”进一步说明好的结果，furthermore表示并列的递进。故选F。
20．前文“There are different levels and types of activities, like aerobics and muscle exercise.( 有不同水平和类型的活动，如有氧运动和肌肉运动。)”说明了一些有益的运动，下文“Besides, short periods of exercise during the day are nearly as beneficial as one long session.( 此外，白天短时间的锻炼几乎和长时间的锻炼一样有益。)”说明短时间锻炼和长时间锻炼一样有效，由besides表示并列的递进可知，空处也是说明锻炼是有益处的，A项“它们真的有好处”符合语境。They指代上文提的的“aerobics and muscle exercise”故选A。
21．B 22．C 23．A 24．C 25．D 26．B 27．D 28．A 29．D 30．A 31．B 32．C 33．A 34．B 35．A
【导语】本文是一篇夹叙夹议文。文章讲述了虽然作者一直滑中级水平的蓝色滑道，但是一次尝试滑山上的蓝色滑道时，却产生了退却的心理，他意识到练习并不能让自己表现得更好，后来他遇到一位退休的教练，教练告诉他有时候人似乎在后退，但实际上是在解锁一项新技能。
21．考查副词词义辨析。句意：我很少摔倒，我从来没有撞到任何东西，而且我大部分时间都坚持走“蓝色”的滑道——中级滑雪者专用的路线。A. frequently经常；B. rarely很少；C. mostly大多数情况下；D. steadily稳定地。根据下文“I’d never crashed into anything”可知，作者滑雪从来没有撞到任何东西，技术应该不错，因此是很少摔倒。故选B。
22．考查动词词义辨析。句意：我很少摔倒，我从来没有撞到任何东西，而且我大部分时间都坚持走“蓝色”的滑道——中级滑雪者专用的路线。A. submitted提交；B. reduced减少；C. stuck卡住；D. restricted限制。根据下文“a blue run, one I had done many times before”可知，作者以前滑过多次蓝色的滑道，因此是大部分时间都坚持走这条滑道，stick to sth.是固定短语，意为“坚持……”。故选C。
23．考查动词词义辨析。句意：因此，在我上山的第一天，我决定应对一条蓝色的滑道，这是我以前做过很多次的。A. tackle处理，应对；B. declare声明；C. change改变；D. skip跳过。根据上文“I’d never crashed into anything”和下文“a blue run, one I had done many times before”可知，作者滑雪从来没有撞到任何东西，技术应该不错，而且以前滑过多次蓝色的滑道，因此应该是这一天决定应对这里的蓝色的滑道。故选A。
24．考查动词词义辨析。句意：然而，当我到达蓝色滑道的顶端时，只有缆椅，空气中有些东西在抵触。A. continued继续；B. emerged出现；C. conflicted冲突，抵触；D. disappeared消失。根据下文“Why was it so cold Were the blue trails always this sharp ”可知，作者在疑问为什么这么冷，蓝色滑道是否一直都这么陡峭，是产生了恐惧的心理，动摇了滑蓝色滑道的想法，因此婉转地说空气中有些东西在抵触。故选C。
25．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：缆椅的节奏听起来不那么和谐了。A. refreshed恢复精神的；B. sensitive敏感的；C. alien陌生的；D. harmonious和谐的。根据上文“Why was it so cold Were the blue trails always this sharp ”可知，作者在疑问为什么这么冷，蓝色滑道是否一直都这么陡峭，是产生了恐惧的心理，因此缆椅的节奏这个时候听起来也会不那么和谐。故选D。
26．考查动词短语词义辨析。句意：结果证明，仅仅“以前滑过很多次”并不意味着我在滑雪方面做得更好。A. took on承担；B. turned out结果是，证明是；C. held on坚持；D. worked out解决。根据上文作者原本想应对这里的蓝色滑道，但是真正到了顶端的时候却产生了退却的心理可知，turned out“结果是，证明是”符合语境，从上文的经历得出下文的结论。故选B。
27．考查名词词义辨析。句意：有大量的证据表明，练习——甚至只是做——并不能让我们在这项活动中表现得更好，滑雪也是如此。A. trend趋势；B. custom习俗；C. prejudice偏见；D. evidence证据。根据下文“practice—or even just doing — doesn’t make us any better at the activity”可知，练习——甚至只是做——并不能让我们在这项活动中表现得更好是一个客观的事实，evidence“证据”符合语境，和showing搭配，表示大量的证据表明表明这一事实。故选D。
28．考查名词词义辨析。句意：有时候，变得更好的喜悦伴随着变得更坏的痛苦而来。A. pain痛苦；B. influence影响；C. bonus奖金；D. award奖。根据下文“of getting worse”可知，变得更坏会带来的是痛苦，和上文变得更好的喜悦相呼应。故选A。
29．考查名词词义辨析。句意：一天下午，我和一位名叫Bob的退休滑雪教练一起乘坐缆车。A. official官员；B. director导演；C. constructor建造者；D. instructor教练。根据下文“assessed what I was doing wrong”可知，Bob能评估作者做错了什么，因此他应该是退休的滑雪教练。故选D。
30．考查动词词义辨析。句意：当我告诉他我在挣扎时，他表示愿意看我选一个简单的滑雪坡道，并评估我做错了什么。A. offered愿意；B. learned学习；C. managed管理；D. preferred偏爱。根据下文“to watch me take an easy slope and assessed what I was doing wrong”可知，Bob看作者选一个简单的滑雪坡道，并评估作者做错了什么，offered“愿意”符合语境，offer to do sth.是固定短语，意为“表示愿意做某事”。故选A。
31．考查动词词义辨析。句意：Bob提醒我，学习的过程看起来很像倒退。A. urged催促；B. reminded提醒；C. guaranteed保证；D. stimulated刺激。根据下文“the learning process looks a lot like backsliding (倒退)”可知，学习的过程看起来很像倒退是一种告诫，因此Bob应该是在提醒作者这一点。故选B。
32．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：当婴儿刚开始学走路时，他们是从随机模仿开始的。A. similar类似的；B. regular常规的；C. random随机的；D. effective有效的。根据上文“the learning process looks a lot like backsliding (倒退)”可知，Bob先说了学习的过程看起来很像倒退，结合上文“When babies first learn to walk”和常识可知，random“随机的”符合语境，表示婴儿学习走路往往从随机模仿开始，随机的模仿可能正确，也可能错误，契合学习的过程看起来很像倒退的情况。故选C。
33．考查动词词义辨析。句意：有时候我们似乎正在后退，但实际上我们正在解锁一项新技能。A. unlocking解锁；B. switching切换；C. testing测试；D. suspending暂停。根据“but”可知，此处语义有转折，前面说似乎正在后退，此处表示但实际却不是这样，而是解锁一项新技能。故选A。
34．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：一次尴尬的尝试往往是你正在学习的标志。A. anxious焦虑的；B. awkward尴尬的；C. aimless漫无目的的；D. early早的。根据上文“the learning process looks a lot like backsliding (倒退)”可知，学习的过程看起来很像倒退，因此在尝试的时候会出现很多问题，会有一些尴尬。故选B。
35．考查动词词义辨析。句意：然后我又滑了几英尺，跌跌倒了。A. fell跌倒；B. balanced平衡；C. proceeded继续；D. abandoned遗弃。根据上文“the learning process looks a lot like backsliding (倒退)”可知，学习的过程看起来很像倒退，fell“跌倒”符合语境，表示作者此时有了一点进步，然后跌倒失败了，契合文章表达的反复摸索，反复尝试，慢慢学会的主题。故选A。
36．while 37．younger 38．injury 39．becoming 40．when 41．announcers 42．went 43．the 44．respected 45．from
【导语】这是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了被认为是NBA最优秀、最严格的裁判之一的哈维的个人经历。
36．考查连词。句意：他的父亲是足球联盟的足球后卫裁判，而他的祖父是棒球联盟的裁判。表示前后文的对比，应用并列连词while。故填while。
37．考查比较级。句意：在哈维更年轻的时候，一个著名的篮球队曾选择他作为一名潜在的篮球运动员，但这一切都因手臂受伤而破灭了。表示“更年轻的时候”此处应用形容词比较级younger，修饰名词days。故填younger。
38．考查名词。句意：在哈维更年轻的时候，一个著名的篮球队曾选择他作为一名潜在的篮球运动员，但这一切都因手臂受伤而破灭了。根据上文不定冠词an可知应填单数名词injury，故填injury。
39．考查非谓语动词。句意：他最初是一名棒球裁判，然后转到篮球裁判，1986年成为NBA裁判，当时他的坏脾气很快就出了名。分析句子结构可知become与逻辑主语he构成主动关系，故用现在分词作状语。故填becoming。
40．考查定语从句。句意：他最初是一名棒球裁判，然后转到篮球裁判，1986年成为NBA裁判，当时他的坏脾气很快就出了名。非限制性定语从句修饰先行词1986，在从句中作时间状语，应用关系副词where引导从句。故填when。
41．考查名词的数。句意：在一场比赛中，哈维甚至赶走了一名解说员，在另一场比赛中，他还扔出了球队的吉祥物。此处为one of+可数名词复数结构。故填announcers。
42．考查时态。句意：随着他在NBA的岁月流逝，哈维不仅是最令人害怕的裁判之一，而且是一个受人尊敬的裁判。空处为从句谓语动词，根据后文developed可知为一般过去时。故填went。
43．考查冠词。句意：随着他在NBA的岁月流逝，哈维不仅是最令人害怕的裁判之一，而且是一个受人尊敬的裁判。此处为“one of+the+形容词最高级+名词复数”结构，后文most feared为最高级，前面应用定冠词。故填the。
44．考查形容词。句意：随着他在NBA的岁月流逝，哈维不仅是最令人害怕的裁判之一，而且是一个受人尊敬的裁判。修饰one，表示“受人尊敬的”应用形容词respected。故填respected。
45．考查介词。句意：2000年，他开始遭受膝盖关节炎的折磨。短语suffer from表示“遭受”。故填from。
46．One possible version:
Good morning, everybody! May I have your attention, please
In order to enrich our school life and build up our body, a pingpong match will be held next Wednesday. The details are as follows.
First, the match will begin at eight o’clock on next Wednesday morning on the school playground. Second, participants should sign up before 6 pm next Monday in the office of the Student Union. Anyone who is interested in pingpong can sign up for it. More importantly, students taking part should prepare their own equipment in advance, such as a pingpong racket.
That’s all, thank you.
【导语】本文是一篇应用文。题目要求考生为班级将于下周三举行的乒乓球比赛写一则口头通知，需介绍比赛时间与地点，说明报名截止时间，提醒参赛者自带装备。
【详解】1. 词汇积累
比赛：match→competition, contest
首先：first→initially, to begin with, in the first place
参加：take part→participate, join
提前：in advance→ahead of time, ahead
2. 句式拓展
简单句变复合句
原句：In order to enrich our school life and build up our body, a pingpong match will be held next Wednesday.
拓展句：A pingpong match will be held next Wednesday so that we can enrich our school life and build up our body.
【点睛】[高分句型1] Anyone who is interested in pingpong can sign up for it. (运用了who引导的定语从句)
[高分句型2] More importantly, students taking part should prepare their own equipment in advance, such as a pingpong racket. (运用了现在分词短语taking part作后置定语)
47． So, a game of two players began. Dave went all out to play against this tough opponent, forgetting all about his height. It was a game he could play to his heart’s content. Each shot was hard-earned. Soon they were sweating like a pig. To Dave, there was nothing like playing against someone like Lankas. It was more like an enjoyment than a challenge. Two hours passed before they knew it. The two thanked each other and said goodbye. Dave was secretly expecting another chance to play with Lankas.
The next Saturday, when Dave was playing in the gym, Lankas appeared shouting, “Dave, I have good news for you.” Dave stopped playing and the two had a talk. He learned that Lankas talked with the coach about Dave and their game the week before and the coach agreed to take Dave as a member of the team. At the news, Dave had to hold back his tears of joy and couldn’t help jumping up. Lankas patted Dave on the shoulder, “Hi, buddy, do you need an opponent to play against ”
【导语】文章以事件发展为线索展开。Dave自小就喜欢篮球运动，小学和初中他参加了篮球俱乐部，通过训练和观看比赛，他学习了许多明星球员的动作，希望能像他们一样在专业球队打球，在球场上发光。然而，现在作为一名高中生，他成为职业球员的梦想变得越来越渺茫，因为他只有中等身高。他知道自己永远不会成为他们中的一员。但这并没有阻止他把自己的激情倾注到篮球上。他每天都在体育馆里和其他男孩一起玩，或者一个人玩，他享受在球场上的每一分钟，尽一切努力打得更好。一个星期六的早晨。就在Dave一个人在体育馆里玩球时，学校篮球队的队长Lankas走近他并提出和Dave打对抗赛的要求。
【详解】1. 段落续写
①根据第一段首句“于是，一场两人博弈开始了。”可知，接下来的内容可以描写Dave和Lankas两人之间的对抗比赛的过程和结果。
②根据第二段首句“第二个星期六，当Dave在体育馆里玩的时候，Lankas出现了，喊道：‘Dave，我有个好消息要告诉你。’”可知，接下来的内容可以描述Lankas带来的好消息的细节以及这个消息带给Dave的影响。
2. 续写线索
比赛开始——比赛过程——比赛结果——好消息——听到消息后的激动——安慰
3. 词汇激活
行为类
①全力以赴：go all out/spare no effort/make every effort
②出汗：sweat/perspire
③与……对抗：play against/compete against/fight against
情绪类
①愉快：enjoyment/delight
②心满意足地：to one’s content/satisfactorily/approvingly/with satisfaction
【点睛】【高分句型1】
It was a game he could play to his heart’s content. (运用了省略关系代词引导的限制性定语从句)
【高分句型2】
He learned that Lankas talked with the coach about Dave and their game the week before and the coach agreed to take Dave as a member of the team. (运用了that引导的宾语从句)
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