安徽省淮南市2024届高三第一次质量检测英语试卷

安徽省淮南市2024届高三第一次质量检测英语试卷
一、英语知识运用（共两节,满分45分）第一节 语法和词汇知识运用（共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分）从A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
1．（2012·山东）When you are done with the book, just give it to Lucy or Helen or __________.
A．whoever B．wherever C．whatever D．however
【答案】A
【知识点】代词
【解析】【分析】句意：你看完书后，把书给Lucy或Helen，或谁都行。此处whoever是代词，”任何人，无论谁“，它作to的宾语。故选A。
【点评】考查代词辨析，区分whoever，wherever，whatever，however的含义和用法。
2．—Sorry I'm late.I got stuck in traffic.
—________.You're here e in and sit down.（　　）
A．You are welcome B．That's right
C．I have no idea D．Never mind
【答案】D
【解析】【分析】A．You are welcome.不用谢；B．That's right好，对了；C．I have no idea我不知道；D．Never mind没关系，不要紧；句意：—很抱歉我迟到了。路上堵车了。——没关系。你来了就好，进来坐吧。根据句意，选D。
【点评】考查情境交际。此题从题意可以得出答案，应牢记交际语的准确意义。
3．（2012·山东）Maria has written two novels, both of ________ have been made into television series.
A．them B．that C．which D．what
【答案】C
【知识点】非限制性定语从句
【解析】【分析】句意：Maria已经写了两部小说，它们都被制作成了电视剧。句中有逗号，说明是非限制性定语从句，them不能引导定语从句，that不用于非限制性定语从句和介词之后，what不用于定语从句，排除A、B、D；both of which相当于and both of them，故选C。
【点评】考查定语从句，本题涉及关系代词which引导的非限制性定语从句。
4．（2012·山东）My first _______ of him was that he was a kind and thoughtful young man.
A．expression B．attention C．satisfaction D．impression
【答案】D
【知识点】名词
【解析】【分析】句意：我对他的第一印象是他是个友善的考虑周到的年轻人。A. expression”表达“；B. attention”注意“；C. satisfaction ”满意“；D. impression”印象“。选D。
【点评】考查名词辨析，区分expression， attention，satisfaction，impression的含义。
5．（2012·山东）It doesn't matter ________ you pay by cash or credit card in this store.
A．how B．whether C．what D．why
【答案】B
【知识点】主语从句
【解析】【分析】句意：在这个商店中用现金或信用卡支付都可以。此处it是形式主语，后面whether...or…引导的主语从句是真正的主语，whether...or…“是...…还是...…都行”。故选B。
【点评】考查名词性从句，本题涉及whether引导的主语从句。
6．（2012·山东）George returned after the war, only _______ that his wife had left him.
A．to be told B．telling C．being told D．told
【答案】A
【知识点】非谓语动词
【解析】【分析】句意：乔治战争后回到家，结果被告知妻子已经离开了。此处only to do/be done表示意料之外的结果；现在分词作结果状语则表示自然的结果。这里George和tell之间是被动关系，因此用to be told。故选A。
【点评】考查非谓语动词，本题涉及不定式短语作结果状语。
7．（2012·山东）He smiled politely ______ Mary apologized for her drunken friends.
A．as B．if C．unless D．though
【答案】A
【知识点】引导时间状语从句的连词
【解析】【分析】句意：当玛丽为她喝醉了朋友道歉时，他礼貌地微笑着。此处是as引导这个时间状语从句，这里smile和apologize同时进行，as“当…..的时候”。选A。
【点评】考查状语从句，本题涉及as引导的条件状语从句。
8．（2012·山东）After Jack had sent some e-mails, he _______ working on his project.
A．had started B．has started C．started D．starts
【答案】C
【知识点】一般过去时
【解析】【分析】句意：Jack发了几份电子邮件之后，他才开始研究他的项目。根据前半句的谓语动词用了过去完成时，可知后半句用一般过去时，这样才能符合“过去的过去”这一条件。故选C。
【点评】考查动词时态，本题涉及一般过去时的应用。
9．（2012·山东）Being able to afford _______ drink would be ______ comfort in those tough times.
A．the; the B．a; a C．a; 不填 D．不填；a
【答案】B
【知识点】不定冠词
【解析】【分析】句意：在那些艰难的岁月里，能买得起一杯饮料是一种莫大的安慰。此处考查抽象名词具体化。第一空中的a drink意为：一杯饮料；第二空中的a comfort意为：一件令人安慰的事。故选B。
【点评】考查冠词解析，本题考查不定冠词的应用。
10．（2012·山东）If we _______ adequate preparations, the conference wouldn't have been so successful.
A．haven't made B．wouldn't make C．didn't make D．hadn't made
【答案】D
【知识点】虚拟语气在条件状语从句中的运用
【解析】【分析】句意：如果我们没有做好充分的准备，会议就不会这样成功。在虚拟条件句中，表示与过去事实相反的情况，从句用过去完成时，主句用would have done的形式。故选D。
【点评】考查虚拟语气在条件中的应用，本题涉及对过去事实的假设。
11．（2012·山东）— I don't know about you, but I'm sick and tired of this weather.
— _________. I can't stand all this rain.
A．I don't care B．It's hard to say
C．So am I D．I hope not
【答案】C
【知识点】情景交际及习惯表达
【解析】【分析】句意：——我不了解你。我讨厌这种天气。——我也是。我无法忍受整天下雨。当表示后者与前者具有相同特征的时候，后者用倒装的形式；肯定用so，否定用nor或neither构成。根据后面一句中的I can't stand all this rain可知，此处与上一句中的I'm sick and tired of the weather表达同样的感受，因此应该用So am I，表示“我也是”。故选C。
【点评】考查日常交际，区分I don't care，It's hard to say，So am I，I hope not的含义和使用环境。
12．（2012·山东）A number of high buildings have arisen ________there was nothing a year ago but ruins.
A．when B．where C．before D．until
【答案】B
【知识点】引导地点状语从句的连词
【解析】【分析】句意：大量的建筑物在一年前除了废墟什么也没有的地方出现了。此题考查地点状语从句，用where。其他连词带入句子意义表达不对。故选B。
【点评】考查状语从句，本题涉及where引导的地点状语从句。
13．（2012·山东）Be _______ — you can't expect me to finish all this work in so little time.
A．reasonable B．confident C．creative D．grateful
【答案】A
【知识点】形容词的词义辨析
【解析】【分析】句意：要讲道理，你不能指望我在如此短的时间里完成所有的工作。A.reasonable”有道理的“；B.confident”信心“；C.creative”有创造力的”；D.grateful“感激的”。根据句意，选A。
【点评】考查形容词辨析，区分reasonable,confident,creative,grateful的含义。
14．（2012·山东）The manager was concerned to hear that two of his trusted workers ______.
A．will leave B．are leaving C．have left D．were leaving
【答案】D
【知识点】过去进行时
【解析】【分析】句意：听到自己最信任的两个职员要离去，经理很关注。此处用过去进行时表示过去将来时。这里were leaving表示：过去要离开。故选D。
【点评】考查动词时态，本题涉及过去进行时的应用。
15． After completing and signing it, please return the form to us in the envelope ____.
A．providing B．provided
C．having provided D．provide
【答案】B
【知识点】动词过去分词
【解析】【分析】句意：填好表格，并签名后，请将表格用提供的信封寄给我们。envelope与provide是逻辑上的动宾关系，因此应该用过去分词作后置定语，表示被动。故选B。
【点评】考查非谓语动词，本题涉及过去分词作定语。
二、第二节：完形填空（共20小题；每小题1.5分，满分30分）
阅读下面短文，从短文后所给各题的四个选项（A、B、C和D）中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
Whenever we hear about "the homeless", most of us think of the Developing world. But the 16． is that homelessness is everywhere. For example, how many of us would expect to see people living on the streets of a 17． country like Germany
Kurt Muller and his wife Rita have spent eleven years making 18． for the homeless of Berlin, Germany's capital. They first 19． one long hot summer when most Germans were 20． on holiday. Kurt and his wife stayed at home, made sandwiches, 21． a table in the street and gave food to the homeless.
The Mullers soon realized that food and clothing weren't 22． . "What these people also need is warmth and 23． ," says Rita. The Mullers didn't 24． to give their phone number to the street people and told them to phone anytime. Rita 25． there was somebody at home to answer the phone and their home was always 26． to anyone who couldn't face another night on the street.
The couple were soon 27． all their time and money, so Kurt visited food and clothing companies to 28． donations. Today, over thirty companies 29． donate food and other goods to the cause and volunteers help to 30． them to the homeless. The public also give clothes and money and a shoe producer 31． new shoes.
Kurt and Rita receive no 32． for their hard work. " We feel like parents," says Rita, "and parents shouldn't 33． money for helping their children. The love we get on the streets is our salary." Though Rita admits she often gets 34． . She says she will continue with her work because she likes the feeling of having made a 35． in the world.
16．A． result B． truth C． reason D． idea
17．A． traditional B． developing C． typical D． wealthy
18．A． preparations B． houses
C． meals D． suggestions
19．A． began B． met C． called D． left
20．A． asleep B． alone C． across D． away
21．A． brought up B． set up
C． put aside D． gave away
22．A． enough B． necessary C． helpful D． expensive
23．A． fame B． freedom C． courage D． caring
24．A． hesitate B． agree C． pretend D． intend
25．A． make sense B． found out
C． make sure D． worked out
26．A． open B． crowded C． noisy D． near
27．A． costing B． wasting C． taking D． spending
28．A． pay for B． ask for
C． look into D． carry out
29．A． completely B． calmly C． regularly D． roughly
30．A． advertise B． sell C． deliver D． lend
31．A． donates B． produces C． designs D． collects
32．A． permission B． payment C． direction D． support
33．A． borrow B． raise C． save D． expect
34．A． surprised B． excited C． tired D． amused
35．A． profit B． difference C． decision D． rule
【答案】16．B；17．D；18．C；19．A；20．D；21．B；22．A；23．D；24．A；25．C；26．A；27．D；28．B；29．C；30．C；31．A；32．B；33．D；34．C；35．B
【知识点】故事阅读类；记叙文
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇记叙文，讲述了一对有爱心的德国夫妇舍弃了外出度假的时光，为那些无家可归的人做饭，提供住宿。在花完自己的积蓄后他们还向一些公司求助，呼吁更多的人们去关注那些无家可归的人。他们希望在这个世界上可以多一份关爱，少一份痛苦。
【点评】考查完形填空，本题考点涉及动词，名词，形容词，副词，固定短语等多个知识点的考查，是一篇故事类阅读，要求考生在理解细节信息的基础上，进一步根据上下文的逻辑关系，进行分析推理，从而选出正确答案。
16．句意：但现实就是无家可归的人到处都是。A. result"结果"；B. truth"事实，真理"；C. reason"理由"；D. idea"主意"。根据空前"But"可推断后句内容和前句内容"每当我们听到无家可归这个词，我们大多数人就会想到发展中国家"是转折关系，前面说人们的想法，所以后面应该是事实，故选B。
17．句意：例如，我们中有多少人会期望看到像德国这样的发达国家的人露宿街头。A. traditional"传统的"；B. developing"发展中的"；C. typical "典型的"；D. wealthy"富裕的"。根据空后"like Germany"可知此处指像德国这样的典型的发达国家，故选D。
18．句意：库尔特·穆勒和他的妻子丽塔花了11年的时间为德国首都柏林的无家可归者制作食物。A. preparations"筹备"；B. houses"房子"；C. meal"餐，饭"；D. suggestions"建议"。根据下文"Kurt Muller and his wife stayed at home, made sandwiches"可知他们为德国首都柏林的无家可归者做饭已经十一年了，故选C。
19．句意：他们开始于一个漫长炎热的夏天，那时大多数德国人都外出度假。A. began"开始"；B. met"遇到"；C. called"打电话，叫"；D. left"离开"。根据空前"first"可知此处指他们开始为这些无家可归人们做饭是在一个漫长而炎热的夏天，故选A。
20．句意：当大部分的德国人都离开去度假的时候 。A. asleep"睡着的"；B. alone"单独的"；C. across"穿过"；D. away"离开，远去"。他们是从一个漫长而炎热的夏天开始，而在这个时候大多数德国人都外出度假了，选D。
21．句意：库尔特和他的妻子呆在家里，做三明治，在街上摆好桌子，给无家可归的人分发食物。A. brought up"提出，抚养"；B. set up"搭建，安装，布置，临时搭起"；C. put aside"放一边，储存"；D. gave away"无偿赠送，暴露"。Kurt和他的妻子呆在家里做三明治，然后到街上去分给那些无家可归的人，可推断他们在街上布置好桌子，故选B。
22．句意：他们很快意识到食物和衣服是不够的。"这些人还需要温暖和关怀，"丽塔说。A. enough"足够的"；B. necessary"有必要的"；C. helpful"帮助的"；D. worthwhile"值得的"。根据下文"What these people also need…"人们还需要的是......，可知，此处应该表达的是穆勒夫妇意识到只有食物和衣服并不够。故选A。
23．句意：他们还需要温暖和关怀。A. fame"名望"；B. freedom"自由"；C. courage"勇气"；D. caring"关心"。从and前面的warmth判断流浪者们除了食物衣服这些物质帮助，还需要温暖和关怀。故选D。
24．句意：穆勒夫妇毫不犹豫地把他们的电话号码给了街上的人，并告诉他们随时打电话。A. hesitate "犹豫"；B. agree"同意"； C. pretend"假装"； D. intend "打算"。穆勒夫妇倾尽所有去帮助这些无家可归的人们，由此判断他们是毫不犹豫地把电话号码给那些街上的人，并告诉他们随时给他打电话。故选A。
25．句意：Rita确保家里有人接电话。A. make sense " 讲得通，有意义"；B. found out"弄清楚"； C. made sure"确保"；D. worked out"计算出"。根据上文Muller一家总是愿意把电话号码给街上的人并告诉他们随时可以打电话，可知Rita要确保家里有接电话的人。故选C。
26．句意：而且他们的家总是对那些无法在街上再过一晚的人开放。A. open"开放的"；B. crowded "拥挤的"；C. noisy"嘈杂的，吵闹的"；D. near "附近的"。根据上文可知他们一家随时在都会帮助那些无家可归的人们，所以此处是指她家对那些不想在街上再呆一夜的人是随时敞开着的。be open to固定短语，"对某人是敞开的；对……开放"，故选A。
27．句意：这对夫妇很快就花光了所有的时间和金钱，A. costing "花费"；B. wasting "浪费"；C. taking" 带走"；D. spending "花费"。穆勒夫妇很快就要把他们的钱花光了。此处用动词过去进行时表示过去将要发生的动作。waste不符合句意；cost主语不能是sb，常用句式是：（某物）花费（某人）钱数；take也可表示花费，但其主语一般是sth.或形式主语it，常用句式是：It takes sb sometime to do sth。spend花费，主语是人，常用句式是：Sb spends sometime /money on sth/(in)doing sth.。故选D。
28．句意：于是Kurt拜访了食物和服装公司来要求他们捐赠。A. pay for" 付款" ；B. ask for "要求，请求"； C. look into "调查"； D. carry out "贯彻，执行"。根据语境可知他们向一些服装厂和食品厂去请求捐助，选B。
29．句意：今天，有三十多家公司定期为该事业捐赠食品和其他物品。A. completely "完全地，完整地"；B. calmly"镇定地，平静地"；C. regularly"经常性地，定期"；D. roughly"大约，粗暴地"。现在，三十多家公司定期地为他们的事业捐赠食品和其他物品，故选C。
30．句意：志愿者们帮助把它们送到无家可归的人那里。 A. advertise"做广告"；B. sell "卖出"；C. deliver "发送，发表"； D. lend"借给"。根据语境可知志愿者们是来帮助他们向无家可归者分发这些食品物品，选C。
31．句意：公众也会捐赠衣服和钱，鞋厂也会捐赠新鞋。A. donates"捐赠"；B. produces"生产"；C. designs"设计"；D. collects"收集"。根据语境判断除了公司捐赠以外，公众也给衣服和钱，而且一家制鞋商还捐赠新鞋，故选A。
32．句意：库尔特和丽塔辛勤工作但没有得到报酬。A. permission"许可"；B. payment"报酬，付款"；C. direction"方向"；D. support"支持"。根据空后"and parents shouldn't expect money for helping their children."可知此处指穆勒夫妇没有因为他们的艰难工作而得到报酬，故选B。
33．句意：父母不应该指望从孩子的身上得到钱。A. borrow "借入"；B. raise"提高"；C. save"保存"；D. expect"期望"。根据语境可以判断他们感觉自己就像父母一样，父母是不应该因为帮助自己的孩子而期望得到钱的。故选D。
34．句意：尽管丽塔承认她经常感到累，但她说她会继续工作，因为她喜欢那种在世界上有所作为的感觉。A. surprised"惊讶的"；B. excited"兴奋的"；C. tired"累的"；D. amused "娱乐的"。根据后面的主句内容可以判断尽管Rita承认常常会感到累，但她说她会继续这工作，故选C。
35．句意：她会继续工作下去，因为她喜欢能够在世界上发挥自己作用的感觉。A. profit "利润"； B. difference "差异"； C. decision"决定"； D. rule"规则"。此处指他们的所作所为给别人的生活带来了改变，make a difference固定短语，"有影响，起作用"，故选B。
三、阅读理解（共20 小题，每小题2分，满分40分)
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项(A, B, C和D)中，选出最佳选项.
Are you looking for some new and exciting places to take your kids to Try some of these places: www..cn
·Visit art museums. They offer a variety of activities to excite your kids' interest. Many offer workshops for making land-made pieces, traveling exhibits, book signings(签名) by children's favorite writer, and even musical performances and other arts.
·Head to a natural history museum. This is where kids can discover the past from dinosaur models to rock collections and pictures of stars in the sky. Also, ask what kind of workshops and educational programs are prepared for kids and any special events that are coming up.
·Go to a Youtheater. Look for one in your area offering plays for child and family visitors. Preshow play shops are conducted by area artists and educators where kids can discover the secret about performing arts. Puppet(木偶)making and stage make-up are just a couple of the special offerings you might find.
·Try hands-on science. Visit one of the many hands-on science museums around the country. These science play-lands are great fun for kids and grown-ups alike. They'll keep your child mentally and physically active the whole day through while pushing buttons, experimenting, and building. When everyone is tired, enjoy a fun family science show, commonly found in these museums.
36．If a child is interested in the universe, he probably will visit ____.
A．a Youtheater B．an art museum
C．a natural history museum D．a hands-on science museum
37．What can kids do at a Youtheater
A．Look at rock collections. B．See dinosaur models.
C．Watch puppet making. D．Give performances.
38．What does "hands-on science" mean in the last paragraph
A．Science games designed by kids.
B．Learning science by doing things.
C．A show of kids' science work.
D．Reading science books.
39．Where does this text probably come from
A．A science textbook. B．A tourist map.
C．A museum guide. D．A news report.
【答案】36．C
37．C
38．B
39．C
【知识点】推理判断题；词义猜测题；细节理解题；时文广告类；应用文
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇应用文，介绍了孩子会感兴趣的一些博物馆以及博物馆里一些孩子会感兴趣的地方和博物馆中孩子可以参加的活动的介绍。
【点评】考查阅读理解，包含细节理解题、词义猜测题和推理判断题，是一篇介绍类阅读，注意先略读文章，掌握文章大意，再分析题干及选项，到文中找到相关内容并进行理解。
36．考查细节理解。根据第三段中的" ·Head to a natural history museum. This is where kids can discover the past from dinosaur models to rock collections and pictures of stars in the sky. "可知，在这里，孩子们可以发现过去，从恐龙模型到岩石收藏和天空中星星的图片。所以如果一个孩子对宇宙感兴趣，他可能会去一个自然历史博物馆。故选C。
37．考查细节理解。根据第四段中的"Go to a Youtheater"去Youtheater；以及"Puppet(木偶)making and stage make-up are just a couple of the special offerings you might find"木偶制作和舞台化妆是你可能会发现的一些特别的项目。可知孩子们在Youtheater可以看到木偶制作。故选C。
38．考查词义猜测。根据最后一段中的"They'll keep your child mentally and physically active the whole day through while pushing buttons, experimenting, and building"他们会让你的孩子一整天都保持精神和身体上的活跃，孩子们在按钮，进行实验和建造东西。所以孩子们是通过动手做东西学习科学。可推知"hands-on science"是"通过动手做东西学习科学"。故选B。
39．考查推理判断。根据第一段中的"Are you looking for some new and exciting places to take your kids to Try some of these places"你是否正在寻找一些新的和有趣的地方要带你的孩子去呢 试试这些地方。以及下文对博物馆的具体介绍可以判断出，这篇文章来自于博物馆指南。故选C。
阅读理解
Honey(蜂蜜)from the African forest is not only a kind of natural sugar, it is also delicious. Most people, and many animals, like eating it. However, the only way for them to get that honey is to find a wild bees' nest and take the honey from it. Often, these nests are high up in trees, and it is difficult to find them. In parts of Africa, though, people and animals unexpected helper — a little bird called a honey guide.
The honey guide does not actually like honey, but it does like the wax (蜂蜡) in the beehives (蜂房). The little bird cannot reach this wax, which is deep inside the bees' nest. So, when it finds a suitable nest, it looks for someone to help it. The honey guide gives a loud cry that attracts the attention of both passing animals and people. Once it has their attention, it flies through the forest, waiting from time to time for the curious animal or person as it leads them to the nest. When they finally arrive at the nest, the follower reaches in to get at the delicious honey as the bird patiently waits and watches. Some of the honey, and the wax, always falls to the ground, and this is when the honey guide takes its share.
Scientists do not know why the honey guide likes eating the wax, but it is very determined in its efforts to get it. The birds seem to be able to smell wax from a long distance away. They will quickly arrive whenever a beekeeper is taking honey from his beehives, and will even enter churches when beeswax candles are being lit.
40．Why is it difficult to find a wild bees' nest
A．It's small in size. B．It's hidden in trees.
C．It's covered with wax. D．It's hard to recognize.
41．What do the words "the follower" in Paragraph 2refer to
A．A bee. B．A bird.
C．A honey seeker. D．A beekeeper.
42．The honey guide is special in the way ____·
A．it gets its food B．it goes to church
C．it sings in the forest D．it reaches into bees' nests
43．What can be the best title for the text
A．Wild Bees B．Wax and Honey
C．Beekeeping in Africa D．Honey-Lover's Helper
【答案】40．B
41．C
42．A
43．D
【知识点】推理判断题；细节理解题；说明文；科普类；标题选择
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文，介绍了一种帮助人们寻找到蜂蜜的鸟儿a honey guide的情况。
【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解，推理判断和标题归纳三个题型的考查，是一篇科普类阅读，要求考生在捕捉细节信息的基础上，进一步根据上下文的逻辑关系，进行分析，推理，概括和归纳，从而选出正确答案。
40．考查细节理解。根据第一段中的"Often, these nests are high up in trees, and it is difficult to find them. "通常，这些巢穴都在树上，很难找到。可知这些蜂巢都在高高的树上，所以很难找到。故选B。
41．考查推理判断 。根据第二段中的"Once it has their attention, it flies through the forest, waiting from time to time for the curious animal or person as it leads them to the nest. When they finally arrive at the nest, the follower reaches in to get at the delicious honey as the bird patiently waits and watches."一旦引起它们的注意，它就会穿过森林，不时地等待好奇的动物或人把它们带到巢穴。当它们最终到达巢穴时，跟随者伸手去拿美味的蜂蜜，而这只鸟则耐心地等待和观看。可推知the follower就是指那些寻找蜂蜜的人。故选C。
42．考查推理判断。根据第二段中的"So, when it finds a suitable nest, it looks for someone to help it. The honey guide gives a loud cry that attracts the attention of both passing animals and people. Once it has their attention, it flies through the forest, waiting from time to time for the curious animal or person as it leads them to the nest. When they finally arrive at the nest, the follower reaches in to get at the delicious honey as the bird patiently waits and watches. Some of the honey, and the wax, always falls to the ground, and this is when the honey guide takes its share.因此，当它找到一个合适的巢穴时，它会寻找人来帮助它。蜂蜜向导发出的一声响亮的叫声吸引了路过的动物和人们的注意。一旦引起它们的注意，它就会穿过森林，不时地等待好奇的动物或人把它们带到巢穴。当它们最终到达巢穴时，跟随者伸手去拿美味的蜂蜜，而这只鸟则耐心地等待和观看。一些蜂蜜和蜜蜡总是掉在地上，而这正是蜂蜜指南分享的时候。可知这种鸟儿非常喜欢蜂巢里的蜡。但是它们得到这些蜡的过程却是非常的独特。通过吸引别人来找到蜂巢，再等到自己的食物。故选A。
43．考查标题归纳。纵观全文可知，本文介绍了一种帮助人们寻找到蜂蜜的鸟儿a honey guide的情况。故选D。
阅读理解
About twenty of us had been fortunate enough to receive invitations to a film-studio(影棚)to take part in a crowd-scene. Although our "act" would last only for a short time, we could see quite a number of interesting things.
We all stood at the far end of the studio as workmen prepared the scene, setting up trees at the edge of a winding path. Very soon, bright lights were turned on and the big movie-camera was wheeled into position. The director shouted something to the camera operator and then went to speak to the two famous actors nearby. Since it was hot in the studio, it came as a surprise to us to see one of the actors put on a heavy overcoat and start walking along the path. A big fan began blowing tiny white feathers down on him, and soon the trees were covered in "snow". Two more fans were turned on, and a "strong wind" blew through the trees. The picture looked so real that it made us feel cold.
The next scene was a complete contrast (对比). The way it was filmed was quite unusual. Pictures in front taken on an island in the Pacific were shown on a glass screen. An actor and actress stood of the scene so that they looked trick like this, palm trees, sandy beaches, as if they were at the water's edge on an island. By a simple and blue, clear skies had been brought into the studio!
Since it was our turn next, we were left wondering what scene would be prepared for us. For a full three minutes in our lives we would be experiencing the excitement of being film "stars"!
44．Who is the author
A．A cameraman. B．.A film director.
C．A crowd-scene actor. D．A workman for scene setting.
45．What made the author feel cold
A．The heavy snowfall. B．The man-made scene.
C．The low temperature. D．The film being shown.
46．What would happen in the "three minutes" mentioned in the last paragraph
A．A new scene would be filmed.
B．More stars would act in the film.
C．The author would leave the studio.
D．The next scene would be prepared.
【答案】44．C
45．B
46．A
【知识点】推理判断题；细节理解题；故事阅读类；记叙文
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇记叙文，讲述了作者作为群众演员参与的一次电影拍摄经历，几分钟的拍摄时间让作者体验到了当明星的感觉。
【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解和推理判断两个题型的考查，是一篇故事类阅读，通读全文，理解文章大意，阅读题目后返回原文阅读并找出与题目相对应的内容，仔细核对，选择符合原文原意的答案，完成后再次阅读并检查。
44．考查细节理解。根据第一段中的"About twenty of us had been fortunate enough to receive invitations to a film-studio（影棚）to take part in crowd-scene."我们中大约有二十个人很幸运地收到了去一家电影制片厂参加人群场景的邀请。可知，作者是群众演员。故选C。
45．考查细节理解。根据第二段中的"A big fan began blowing tiny white feathers down on him, and soon the trees were covered in‘snow'. Two more fans were turned on, and a‘strong wind' blew through the trees. The picture looked so real that it made us feel cold."一把大风扇开始把白色的小羽毛吹向他，很快树上就被"雪"覆盖了。又打开了两个风扇，一股"强风"吹过树林。这张照片看起来很真实，让我们感到很冷。可知，虽然很热，但是场景里面起的"风"，下的"雪"让作者感到凉爽。"人造场景"符合以上说法。故选B。
46．考查推理判断。根据最后一段"Since it was our turn next, we were left wondering what scene would be prepared for us 和we would be experiencing the excitement of being film ‘Stars'!"由于接下来轮到我们了，我们想知道会为我们准备什么场景。在我们生命中整整三分钟的时间里，我们都将体验成为电影"明星"的兴奋！可知，这三分钟指的是接下来作者要参与拍摄的场景。"一个新的场景即将被拍摄"符合以上说法。故选A。
阅读理解
Grown-ups are often surprised by how well they remember something they learned as children but have never practiced still swim as well as ever ever since. A man when he gets back who has not had a chance to go swimming for years can in the water. He can get on a bicycle after many years and still ride away. He can play catch and hit a ball as well as his son. A mother who has not thought about the words for years can teach her daughter the poem that begins "Twinkle, twinkle, little star"。remember the story of Cinderella or Goldilocks and the Three Bears.
One explanation is the law of overlearning , which can be stated as follows: Once we have learned something, additional learning trials increase the length of time we will remember it.
In childhood we usually continue to practice such skills as swimming, bicycle riding, and playing baseball long after we have learned them. We continue to listen to and remind ourselves of words such as "Twinkle, twinkle, little star" and childhood tales such as Cinderella and Goldilocks. We not only learn but overlearn.
The multiplication tables(乘法口诀表)are an exception to the general rule that we forget rather quickly the things that we learn in school, because they are another of the things we overlearn in childhood.
The law of overlearning explains why cramming(突击学习)for an examination, though it may result in a passing grade, is not a satisfactory way to learn a college course. By cramming, a student may learn the subject well enough to get by on the examination, but he is likely soon to forget almost everything he learned. A little overlearning, on the other hand, is really necessary for one's future development.
47．What is the main idea of paragraph I
A．People remember well what they learned in childhood.
B．Children have a better memory than grown-ups.
C．Poem reading is a good way to learn words.
D．Stories for children arc easy to remember.
48．The author explains the law of overlearning by____.
A．presenting research findings B．selling down general rules
C．making a comparison D．using examples
49．According to the author, being able to use multiplication tables is____.
A．a result of overlearning
B．a special case of cramming
C．a skill to deal with math problems
D．a basic step towards advanced studies
50．What is the author's opinion on cramming
A．It leads to failure in college exams.
B．It's helpful only in a limited way.
C．It's possible to result in poor memory.
D．It increases students' learning interest.
【答案】47．A
48．D
49．A
50．B
【知识点】推理判断题；细节理解题；段落大意；学习教育类；议论文
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇议论文，论述了过度学习，并列举了多个有关的事例来证明过度学习的学习效果和作用。
【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解，推理判断和段落大意三个题型的考查，是一篇教育类阅读，首先要仔细阅读短文，掌握大意，然后结合具体的题目，再读短文，从中找出相关信息，就可以确定正确答案。
47．考查段落大意。根据第一段中的"Grown-ups are often surprised by how well they remember something they learned as children but have never practiced ever since．"成年人经常惊讶于他们对小时候学到的东西记得如此之好，但从那以后就再也没有像现在这样练习过静态游泳了。可知，本段讲述的是人们经常能够记住我们小时候所学的内容，接下来还举了另外几个例子来说明。故选A。
48．考查推理判断。根据第三段中的"In childhood we usually continue to practice such skills as swimming，bicycle riding，and playing baseball long after we have learned them."在童年时代，我们通常会在学会游泳、骑自行车和打棒球等技能后很长时间内继续练习。可知作者是通过举例说明的方法来解释过度学习的原理的，故选D。
49．考查细节理解。根据倒数第二段中的" because they are another of the things we overlearn in childhood. "因为它们是我们童年时过度学习的另一种东西。故选A。
50．考查推理判断。根据最后一段中的"The law of overlearning explains why cramming for an examination, though it may result in a passing grade, is not a satisfactory way to learn a college course. By cramming, a student may learn the subject well enough to get by on the examination, but he is likely soon to forget almost everything he learned."过度学习的法则解释了为什么为了考试而死记硬背，虽然可能会导致及格，却不是一种令人满意的学习大学课程的方法。通过死记硬背，一个学生可能把这门课学得足够好，可以通过考试，但他很可能很快就会忘记他所学的几乎所有东西。可知作者认为突击学习的效果只能延续很短的时间，所以说只在有限的方面起作用。故选B。
51．（2012·山东）阅读理解
The Pacific island nation of Nauru used to be a beautiful place. Now it is an ecological disaster area. Nauru's heartbreaking story could have one good consequence — other countries might learn from its mistakes.
For thousands of years, Polynesian people lived the remote island of Nauru, far from western civilization. The first European to arrive was John Fearn in 1798. He was the British captain of the Hunter, a whaling ship. He called the island Pleasant Island.
However, because it was very remote, Nauru had little communication with Europeans at first. The whaling ships and other traders began to visit, bringing guns and alcohol. These elements destroyed the social balance of the twelve family groups on the island. A ten-year civil war started, which reduced the population from 1,400 to 900.
Nauru's real troubles began in 1899 when a British mining company discovered phosphate (磷酸盐)on the island. In fact, it found that the island of Nauru was nearly all phosphate, which a very important fertilizer for farming. The company began mining the phosphate.
A phosphate mine is not a hole in the ground; it is a strip mine. When a company strip-mines, it removes the top layer of soil. Then it takes away the material it wants. Strip mining totally destroys the land. Gradually, the lovely island of Nauru started to look like the moon.
In 1968, Nauru became one of the richest countries in the world. Every year the government received millions and millions of dollars for its phosphate.
Unfortunately, the leaders invested the money unwisely and lost millions of dollars. In addition, they used millions more dollars for personal expenses. Soon people realized that they had a terrible problem — their phosphate was running out. Ninety percent of their island was destroyed and they had nothing. By 2000, Nauru was financially ruined. Experts say that it would take approximately $433,600,000 and more than 20 years to repair the island. This will probably never happen.
（1）What might be the author's purpose in writing the text
A．To seek help for Nauru's problems.
B．To give a warning to other countries
C．To show the importance of money
D．To tell a heartbreaking story of a war.
（2）What was Nauru like before the Europeans came
A．Rich and powerful B．Modern and open
C．Peaceful and attractive D．Greedy and aggressive
（3）The ecological disaster in Nauru resulted from _______.
A．soil pollution B．phosphate overmining
C．farming activity D．whale hunting
（4）Which of the following was a cause of Nauru's financial problem
A．Its leaders misused the money
B．It spent too much repairing the island
C．Its phosphate mining cost much money
D．It lost millions of dollars in the civil war.
（5）What can we learn about Nauru from the last paragraph
A．The ecological damage is difficult to repair.
B．The leaders will take the experts' words seriously.
C．The island was abandoned by the Nauruans
D．The phosphate mines were destroyed
【答案】（1）B
（2）C
（3）B
（4）A
（5）A
【知识点】推理判断题；细节理解题；旅游观光类；记叙文
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇记叙文，讲述了太平洋岛国瑙鲁如何从一个环境优美的天堂岛变成一个生态失衡、满目疮痍的小岛。
（1）考查写作意图。根据第一段中的“Now it is an ecological disaster area. Nauru's heartbreaking story could have one good consequence—other countries might learn from its mistakes.”可知，作者的目的是给当前很多只注重发展经济而忽略环境保护的国家一个警告。故选B。
（2）考查细节理解。根据第一段提到的“太平洋上的国家瑙鲁岛曾经是一个美丽的地方”看出，瑙鲁岛attractive；根据第二段中的“ For thousands of years, Polynesian people lived the remote island of Nauru, far from western civilization. ”以及第三段中的“ However, because it was very remote, Nauru had little communication with Europeans at first.”可知，上千年来，瑙鲁岛的人们生活在偏远的小岛上，过着平静的生活。故选C。
（3）考查推理判断。根据最后一段中的“Soon people realized that they had a terrible problem－their phosphate was running out. Ninety percent of their island was destroyed and they had nothing.”可知“磷酸盐逐渐减少，开采殆尽”。由此可以看出，“磷酸盐的过量开采”导致了生态灾难。故选B。
（4）考查细节理解。根据最后一段中的“Unfortunately, the leaders invested the money unwisely and lost millions of dollars. In addition, they used millions more dollars for personal expenses. ”可知，是领导人不正确使用资金导致了财政问题。故选A。
（5）考查推理判断。根据最后一段中的“Experts say that it would take approximately $433,600,000 and more than 20 years to repair the island，瑙鲁岛上的生态损失弥补起来需要大量的资金和时间，即选项所说的“修复起来很难”。故选A。
【点评】本题考点涉及主旨大意、细节理解和推理判断三个题型的考查，要求考生在捕捉细节信息的基础上，进一步根据上下文的逻辑关系，进行分析、推理、概括和归纳，从而选出正确答案。
四、第Ⅱ卷(非选择题，共35分)第四部分：写作(共两节，满分35分)任务型读写(共10小题；每小题1分，满分10分)
任务型阅读
When it comes to the world of computers, green computing is becoming one of the most popular trends. But, what is exactly is green computing
The term "green computing" is one that is being used in many different markets and areas all over the world in today's global technology. Yet, many computer users out there aren't sure what it means. Green computing is actually pretty easy to explain and to do—it is basically learning to use computer resources more efficiently to help the environment as well as making energy savings. The main goal of a green computing program is to reduce the use of energy and materials that harm the environment. Green computing helps to promote the use of biodegradable products and recycle computer parts whenever possible.
Green computing started as early as 1992, when the EPA created Energy Star, which is a voluntary labeling program that promotes energy efficient computing equipment and technologies.
It was because of this program that many computer manufacturers launched sleep mode and millions of computer users around the world began to adopt this policy to help save energy when they were not using their computers. The term "green computing" began to be used around the same time as well, and began to become a goal that more companies strive to meet over the years. There are several government agencies that have continued to help strive for better standards for computers and companies to help promote green promoting. Energy Star was actually revised in October of 2006 to make the requirements stricter for computers，and also implemented a ranking system for products. Because of these new requirements, there are over 20 states that have now established a special recycling program for old computers and electronics to help with green computing.
Many of today's IT systems are beginning to rely on both people and hardware to help push their computer systems toward a more green computing system to help both the company and others. This is a hard balance to achieve, as it has to satisfy users, management, and regulatory compliance(顺从). Even the disposal of computer waste is all managed so that everyone in the circle is happy with the outcome. Many companies are learning the best ways that they call go greener when it comes to their computing and also help their business in the process. While many home computer users may not be quite as familiar with green computing as large firms, this term is starting to become more mainstream all around the world and the requirements for new, better computers to help both the companies and the end users of the equipment, as well as our environment, are becoming more and more urgent.
Green computing
　52． 　 Learning to make 　53． 　 use of computer resources so as to save energy and protect the environment.
Main goal To reduce the use of energy and materials that do 　54． 　 to the environment.
　55． 　 ●In 1992 the EPA created Energy Star program, 　56． 　 energy efficient computing equipment and technologies. ●Then many computer manufacturers launched sleep mode and many computer users 　57． 　 the policy to save energy. ●In 2006 Energy Star made the computer requirements 　58． 　 and implemented a ranking system for products. ●At 　59． 　, over 20 states have established a special recycling program for old computers and electronics.
Present situation ●Green computing requires the 　60． 　 of users, management, and regulatory compliance. ●Green computing is becoming more mainstream 　61． 　. ●New, beret computers will help both companies and users, and protect the environment.
【答案】52．Definition；53．better；54．harm/damage；55．Development/History；56．promoting；57．adopted；58．stricter；59．present；60．satisfaction；61．worldwide
【知识点】说明文；读写任务；科普类
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文，介绍了"绿色计算"的含义和目的，以及它的发展史和现状。
【点评】本题考点涉及总结归纳，句意转型，词性转换，原词重现等四个题型的考查，是一篇科普类阅读，考生需要准确捕捉细节信息。根据上下文的逻辑关系，结合相关的语法知识和词汇知识，写出正确答案。
52．考查总结归纳。根据第二段中的" Green computing is actually pretty easy to explain and to do—it is basically learning to use computer resources more efficiently to help the environment as well as making energy savings. "绿色计算实际上很容易解释和实现——它基本上是学习更有效地使用计算机资源来帮助环境以及节约能源。可知此处是对Green computing 的解释，故填 Definition 。
53．考查句义转换、根据第二段中的"it is basically learning to use computer resources more efficiently to help the environment as well as making energy savings. "它基本上是学习更有效地使用计算机资源来帮助环境以及节约能源。可知更加高效地使用计算机资源。make better use of"更有效地使用"，故填 better 。
54．考查词性转换。根据第二段中的" The main goal of a green computing program is to reduce the use of energy and materials that harm the environment. "绿色计算计划的主要目标是减少对环境有害的能源和材料的使用。harm 动词，与do harm/damage to同义，故填 harm/damage 。
55．考查总结归纳，根据第三段"Green computing started as early as 1992, when the EPA created Energy Star, which is a voluntary labeling program that promotes energy efficient computing equipment and technologies. "绿色计算早在1992年就开始了，当时美国环保局创建了"能源之星"，这是一个自愿的标签计划，旨在推广节能计算设备和技术。可知从1992年至今，介绍了发展过程，故填Development/History 。
56．考查词形转换。根据第三段中的"which is a voluntary labeling program that promotes energy efficient computing equipment and technologies. "这是一个自愿的标签计划，旨在推广节能计算设备和技术。此处应用promote的现在分词作伴随状语，故填promoting 。
57．考查原词重现。根据第四段中的" It was because of this program that many computer manufacturers launched sleep mode and millions of computer users around the world began to adopt this policy to help save energy when they were not using their computers. "正是因为这个程序，许多电脑制造商推出了睡眠模式，全世界数百万电脑用户开始采用这个政策，以帮助他们在不使用电脑时节省能源。故填 adopted 。
58．考查原词重现。根据第四段中的" Energy Star was actually revised in October of 2006 to make the requirements stricter for computers "能源之星实际上在2006年10月进行了修订，使计算机的要求更加严格，故填 stricter 。
59．考查句意转换。根据第四段中的"Because of these new requirements, there are over 20 states that have now established a special recycling program for old computers and electronics to help with green computing."由于这些新的要求，现在有20多个州已经为旧电脑和电子产品制定了一个特殊的回收计划，以帮助实现绿色计算。可知now改为present ，故填 present 。
60．考查词性转换。根据第五段中的"This is a hard balance to achieve, as it has to satisfy users, management, and regulatory compliance(顺从). "这是一个很难实现的平衡，因为它必须满足用户、管理层和法规遵从性。此处应用satisfy的名词，故填satisfaction 。
61．考查句意转换，根据第五段中的" this term is starting to become more mainstream all around the world "这个词开始在世界各地变得越来越主流，可知all around the world相当于worldwide ，故填 worldwide 。
五、书面表达（满分25分）
62．假定你是李华，准备参加学校举办的主题为"我的理想"的英语作文竞赛。请按要求用英语写一篇题为My dream的短文。主要内容包括：1.你的理想是……；
2.你有这一理想的缘由；3.为实现理想而努力的决心。
注意：1.词数：120左右；2.可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。
【答案】My dream
My dream is to become a school teacher in the future.
In fact，I have the dream of becoming a teacher since my childhood. In my opinion，without teachers，no society could make progress. There is no doubt that teachers play an important role in children's growth. Not only do teachers pass on knowledge to children，but they also teach children how to behave pared with other jobs，teaching is harder and the pay is lower. But to me，what great fun it is to be with children！They make me feel young forever.
I'll study harder and try my best to realize my dream.
【知识点】提纲作文；文字式应用文；半开放性作文
【解析】【分析】本体是一篇英文信件，要求考生以李华的身份 写一篇题为My dream的短文 。写作背景：你 准备参加学校举办的主题为"我的理想"的英语作文竞赛。 写作要点已经给出，属于提纲类作文，内容包括： 1.你的理想是……； 2.你有这一理想的缘由；3.为实现理想而努力的决心。提示中的内容比较泛泛，需要适当补充。本题对于考生的综合能力要求较高，要求考生有很强的谋篇布局的能力和组织要点的能力。需要注意紧扣文章主题，给出的要点都需要包括。写作时注意准确运用时态，上下文意思连贯，符合逻辑关系。尽量使用自己熟悉的单词句式，同时也要注意使用高级词汇和高级句型使文章显得更有档次。
【点评】本篇作文要点齐全，结构完整，条理清晰，应用了较多的语法结构和词汇，熟练地使用了语句间的连接成分，使整个文章结构紧凑，很好地完成了写作任务。例如：In my opinion，without teachers，no society could make progress. 运用了虚拟语气；There is no doubt that teachers play an important role in children's growth. 运用了固定句式There is no doubt that ....；Not only do teachers pass on knowledge to children，but they also teach children how to behave themselves.运用了并列句，倒装句； Compared with other jobs，teaching is harder and the pay is lower. 运用了并列句；But to me，what great fun it is to be with children！运用了感叹句，it作形式主语。
安徽省淮南市2024届高三第一次质量检测英语试卷
一、英语知识运用（共两节,满分45分）第一节 语法和词汇知识运用（共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分）从A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
1．（2012·山东）When you are done with the book, just give it to Lucy or Helen or __________.
A．whoever B．wherever C．whatever D．however
2．—Sorry I'm late.I got stuck in traffic.
—________.You're here e in and sit down.（　　）
A．You are welcome B．That's right
C．I have no idea D．Never mind
3．（2012·山东）Maria has written two novels, both of ________ have been made into television series.
A．them B．that C．which D．what
4．（2012·山东）My first _______ of him was that he was a kind and thoughtful young man.
A．expression B．attention C．satisfaction D．impression
5．（2012·山东）It doesn't matter ________ you pay by cash or credit card in this store.
A．how B．whether C．what D．why
6．（2012·山东）George returned after the war, only _______ that his wife had left him.
A．to be told B．telling C．being told D．told
7．（2012·山东）He smiled politely ______ Mary apologized for her drunken friends.
A．as B．if C．unless D．though
8．（2012·山东）After Jack had sent some e-mails, he _______ working on his project.
A．had started B．has started C．started D．starts
9．（2012·山东）Being able to afford _______ drink would be ______ comfort in those tough times.
A．the; the B．a; a C．a; 不填 D．不填；a
10．（2012·山东）If we _______ adequate preparations, the conference wouldn't have been so successful.
A．haven't made B．wouldn't make C．didn't make D．hadn't made
11．（2012·山东）— I don't know about you, but I'm sick and tired of this weather.
— _________. I can't stand all this rain.
A．I don't care B．It's hard to say
C．So am I D．I hope not
12．（2012·山东）A number of high buildings have arisen ________there was nothing a year ago but ruins.
A．when B．where C．before D．until
13．（2012·山东）Be _______ — you can't expect me to finish all this work in so little time.
A．reasonable B．confident C．creative D．grateful
14．（2012·山东）The manager was concerned to hear that two of his trusted workers ______.
A．will leave B．are leaving C．have left D．were leaving
15． After completing and signing it, please return the form to us in the envelope ____.
A．providing B．provided
C．having provided D．provide
二、第二节：完形填空（共20小题；每小题1.5分，满分30分）
阅读下面短文，从短文后所给各题的四个选项（A、B、C和D）中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
Whenever we hear about "the homeless", most of us think of the Developing world. But the 16． is that homelessness is everywhere. For example, how many of us would expect to see people living on the streets of a 17． country like Germany
Kurt Muller and his wife Rita have spent eleven years making 18． for the homeless of Berlin, Germany's capital. They first 19． one long hot summer when most Germans were 20． on holiday. Kurt and his wife stayed at home, made sandwiches, 21． a table in the street and gave food to the homeless.
The Mullers soon realized that food and clothing weren't 22． . "What these people also need is warmth and 23． ," says Rita. The Mullers didn't 24． to give their phone number to the street people and told them to phone anytime. Rita 25． there was somebody at home to answer the phone and their home was always 26． to anyone who couldn't face another night on the street.
The couple were soon 27． all their time and money, so Kurt visited food and clothing companies to 28． donations. Today, over thirty companies 29． donate food and other goods to the cause and volunteers help to 30． them to the homeless. The public also give clothes and money and a shoe producer 31． new shoes.
Kurt and Rita receive no 32． for their hard work. " We feel like parents," says Rita, "and parents shouldn't 33． money for helping their children. The love we get on the streets is our salary." Though Rita admits she often gets 34． . She says she will continue with her work because she likes the feeling of having made a 35． in the world.
16．A． result B． truth C． reason D． idea
17．A． traditional B． developing C． typical D． wealthy
18．A． preparations B． houses
C． meals D． suggestions
19．A． began B． met C． called D． left
20．A． asleep B． alone C． across D． away
21．A． brought up B． set up
C． put aside D． gave away
22．A． enough B． necessary C． helpful D． expensive
23．A． fame B． freedom C． courage D． caring
24．A． hesitate B． agree C． pretend D． intend
25．A． make sense B． found out
C． make sure D． worked out
26．A． open B． crowded C． noisy D． near
27．A． costing B． wasting C． taking D． spending
28．A． pay for B． ask for
C． look into D． carry out
29．A． completely B． calmly C． regularly D． roughly
30．A． advertise B． sell C． deliver D． lend
31．A． donates B． produces C． designs D． collects
32．A． permission B． payment C． direction D． support
33．A． borrow B． raise C． save D． expect
34．A． surprised B． excited C． tired D． amused
35．A． profit B． difference C． decision D． rule
三、阅读理解（共20 小题，每小题2分，满分40分)
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项(A, B, C和D)中，选出最佳选项.
Are you looking for some new and exciting places to take your kids to Try some of these places: www..cn
·Visit art museums. They offer a variety of activities to excite your kids' interest. Many offer workshops for making land-made pieces, traveling exhibits, book signings(签名) by children's favorite writer, and even musical performances and other arts.
·Head to a natural history museum. This is where kids can discover the past from dinosaur models to rock collections and pictures of stars in the sky. Also, ask what kind of workshops and educational programs are prepared for kids and any special events that are coming up.
·Go to a Youtheater. Look for one in your area offering plays for child and family visitors. Preshow play shops are conducted by area artists and educators where kids can discover the secret about performing arts. Puppet(木偶)making and stage make-up are just a couple of the special offerings you might find.
·Try hands-on science. Visit one of the many hands-on science museums around the country. These science play-lands are great fun for kids and grown-ups alike. They'll keep your child mentally and physically active the whole day through while pushing buttons, experimenting, and building. When everyone is tired, enjoy a fun family science show, commonly found in these museums.
36．If a child is interested in the universe, he probably will visit ____.
A．a Youtheater B．an art museum
C．a natural history museum D．a hands-on science museum
37．What can kids do at a Youtheater
A．Look at rock collections. B．See dinosaur models.
C．Watch puppet making. D．Give performances.
38．What does "hands-on science" mean in the last paragraph
A．Science games designed by kids.
B．Learning science by doing things.
C．A show of kids' science work.
D．Reading science books.
39．Where does this text probably come from
A．A science textbook. B．A tourist map.
C．A museum guide. D．A news report.
阅读理解
Honey(蜂蜜)from the African forest is not only a kind of natural sugar, it is also delicious. Most people, and many animals, like eating it. However, the only way for them to get that honey is to find a wild bees' nest and take the honey from it. Often, these nests are high up in trees, and it is difficult to find them. In parts of Africa, though, people and animals unexpected helper — a little bird called a honey guide.
The honey guide does not actually like honey, but it does like the wax (蜂蜡) in the beehives (蜂房). The little bird cannot reach this wax, which is deep inside the bees' nest. So, when it finds a suitable nest, it looks for someone to help it. The honey guide gives a loud cry that attracts the attention of both passing animals and people. Once it has their attention, it flies through the forest, waiting from time to time for the curious animal or person as it leads them to the nest. When they finally arrive at the nest, the follower reaches in to get at the delicious honey as the bird patiently waits and watches. Some of the honey, and the wax, always falls to the ground, and this is when the honey guide takes its share.
Scientists do not know why the honey guide likes eating the wax, but it is very determined in its efforts to get it. The birds seem to be able to smell wax from a long distance away. They will quickly arrive whenever a beekeeper is taking honey from his beehives, and will even enter churches when beeswax candles are being lit.
40．Why is it difficult to find a wild bees' nest
A．It's small in size. B．It's hidden in trees.
C．It's covered with wax. D．It's hard to recognize.
41．What do the words "the follower" in Paragraph 2refer to
A．A bee. B．A bird.
C．A honey seeker. D．A beekeeper.
42．The honey guide is special in the way ____·
A．it gets its food B．it goes to church
C．it sings in the forest D．it reaches into bees' nests
43．What can be the best title for the text
A．Wild Bees B．Wax and Honey
C．Beekeeping in Africa D．Honey-Lover's Helper
阅读理解
About twenty of us had been fortunate enough to receive invitations to a film-studio(影棚)to take part in a crowd-scene. Although our "act" would last only for a short time, we could see quite a number of interesting things.
We all stood at the far end of the studio as workmen prepared the scene, setting up trees at the edge of a winding path. Very soon, bright lights were turned on and the big movie-camera was wheeled into position. The director shouted something to the camera operator and then went to speak to the two famous actors nearby. Since it was hot in the studio, it came as a surprise to us to see one of the actors put on a heavy overcoat and start walking along the path. A big fan began blowing tiny white feathers down on him, and soon the trees were covered in "snow". Two more fans were turned on, and a "strong wind" blew through the trees. The picture looked so real that it made us feel cold.
The next scene was a complete contrast (对比). The way it was filmed was quite unusual. Pictures in front taken on an island in the Pacific were shown on a glass screen. An actor and actress stood of the scene so that they looked trick like this, palm trees, sandy beaches, as if they were at the water's edge on an island. By a simple and blue, clear skies had been brought into the studio!
Since it was our turn next, we were left wondering what scene would be prepared for us. For a full three minutes in our lives we would be experiencing the excitement of being film "stars"!
44．Who is the author
A．A cameraman. B．.A film director.
C．A crowd-scene actor. D．A workman for scene setting.
45．What made the author feel cold
A．The heavy snowfall. B．The man-made scene.
C．The low temperature. D．The film being shown.
46．What would happen in the "three minutes" mentioned in the last paragraph
A．A new scene would be filmed.
B．More stars would act in the film.
C．The author would leave the studio.
D．The next scene would be prepared.
阅读理解
Grown-ups are often surprised by how well they remember something they learned as children but have never practiced still swim as well as ever ever since. A man when he gets back who has not had a chance to go swimming for years can in the water. He can get on a bicycle after many years and still ride away. He can play catch and hit a ball as well as his son. A mother who has not thought about the words for years can teach her daughter the poem that begins "Twinkle, twinkle, little star"。remember the story of Cinderella or Goldilocks and the Three Bears.
One explanation is the law of overlearning , which can be stated as follows: Once we have learned something, additional learning trials increase the length of time we will remember it.
In childhood we usually continue to practice such skills as swimming, bicycle riding, and playing baseball long after we have learned them. We continue to listen to and remind ourselves of words such as "Twinkle, twinkle, little star" and childhood tales such as Cinderella and Goldilocks. We not only learn but overlearn.
The multiplication tables(乘法口诀表)are an exception to the general rule that we forget rather quickly the things that we learn in school, because they are another of the things we overlearn in childhood.
The law of overlearning explains why cramming(突击学习)for an examination, though it may result in a passing grade, is not a satisfactory way to learn a college course. By cramming, a student may learn the subject well enough to get by on the examination, but he is likely soon to forget almost everything he learned. A little overlearning, on the other hand, is really necessary for one's future development.
47．What is the main idea of paragraph I
A．People remember well what they learned in childhood.
B．Children have a better memory than grown-ups.
C．Poem reading is a good way to learn words.
D．Stories for children arc easy to remember.
48．The author explains the law of overlearning by____.
A．presenting research findings B．selling down general rules
C．making a comparison D．using examples
49．According to the author, being able to use multiplication tables is____.
A．a result of overlearning
B．a special case of cramming
C．a skill to deal with math problems
D．a basic step towards advanced studies
50．What is the author's opinion on cramming
A．It leads to failure in college exams.
B．It's helpful only in a limited way.
C．It's possible to result in poor memory.
D．It increases students' learning interest.
51．（2012·山东）阅读理解
The Pacific island nation of Nauru used to be a beautiful place. Now it is an ecological disaster area. Nauru's heartbreaking story could have one good consequence — other countries might learn from its mistakes.
For thousands of years, Polynesian people lived the remote island of Nauru, far from western civilization. The first European to arrive was John Fearn in 1798. He was the British captain of the Hunter, a whaling ship. He called the island Pleasant Island.
However, because it was very remote, Nauru had little communication with Europeans at first. The whaling ships and other traders began to visit, bringing guns and alcohol. These elements destroyed the social balance of the twelve family groups on the island. A ten-year civil war started, which reduced the population from 1,400 to 900.
Nauru's real troubles began in 1899 when a British mining company discovered phosphate (磷酸盐)on the island. In fact, it found that the island of Nauru was nearly all phosphate, which a very important fertilizer for farming. The company began mining the phosphate.
A phosphate mine is not a hole in the ground; it is a strip mine. When a company strip-mines, it removes the top layer of soil. Then it takes away the material it wants. Strip mining totally destroys the land. Gradually, the lovely island of Nauru started to look like the moon.
In 1968, Nauru became one of the richest countries in the world. Every year the government received millions and millions of dollars for its phosphate.
Unfortunately, the leaders invested the money unwisely and lost millions of dollars. In addition, they used millions more dollars for personal expenses. Soon people realized that they had a terrible problem — their phosphate was running out. Ninety percent of their island was destroyed and they had nothing. By 2000, Nauru was financially ruined. Experts say that it would take approximately $433,600,000 and more than 20 years to repair the island. This will probably never happen.
（1）What might be the author's purpose in writing the text
A．To seek help for Nauru's problems.
B．To give a warning to other countries
C．To show the importance of money
D．To tell a heartbreaking story of a war.
（2）What was Nauru like before the Europeans came
A．Rich and powerful B．Modern and open
C．Peaceful and attractive D．Greedy and aggressive
（3）The ecological disaster in Nauru resulted from _______.
A．soil pollution B．phosphate overmining
C．farming activity D．whale hunting
（4）Which of the following was a cause of Nauru's financial problem
A．Its leaders misused the money
B．It spent too much repairing the island
C．Its phosphate mining cost much money
D．It lost millions of dollars in the civil war.
（5）What can we learn about Nauru from the last paragraph
A．The ecological damage is difficult to repair.
B．The leaders will take the experts' words seriously.
C．The island was abandoned by the Nauruans
D．The phosphate mines were destroyed
四、第Ⅱ卷(非选择题，共35分)第四部分：写作(共两节，满分35分)任务型读写(共10小题；每小题1分，满分10分)
任务型阅读
When it comes to the world of computers, green computing is becoming one of the most popular trends. But, what is exactly is green computing
The term "green computing" is one that is being used in many different markets and areas all over the world in today's global technology. Yet, many computer users out there aren't sure what it means. Green computing is actually pretty easy to explain and to do—it is basically learning to use computer resources more efficiently to help the environment as well as making energy savings. The main goal of a green computing program is to reduce the use of energy and materials that harm the environment. Green computing helps to promote the use of biodegradable products and recycle computer parts whenever possible.
Green computing started as early as 1992, when the EPA created Energy Star, which is a voluntary labeling program that promotes energy efficient computing equipment and technologies.
It was because of this program that many computer manufacturers launched sleep mode and millions of computer users around the world began to adopt this policy to help save energy when they were not using their computers. The term "green computing" began to be used around the same time as well, and began to become a goal that more companies strive to meet over the years. There are several government agencies that have continued to help strive for better standards for computers and companies to help promote green promoting. Energy Star was actually revised in October of 2006 to make the requirements stricter for computers，and also implemented a ranking system for products. Because of these new requirements, there are over 20 states that have now established a special recycling program for old computers and electronics to help with green computing.
Many of today's IT systems are beginning to rely on both people and hardware to help push their computer systems toward a more green computing system to help both the company and others. This is a hard balance to achieve, as it has to satisfy users, management, and regulatory compliance(顺从). Even the disposal of computer waste is all managed so that everyone in the circle is happy with the outcome. Many companies are learning the best ways that they call go greener when it comes to their computing and also help their business in the process. While many home computer users may not be quite as familiar with green computing as large firms, this term is starting to become more mainstream all around the world and the requirements for new, better computers to help both the companies and the end users of the equipment, as well as our environment, are becoming more and more urgent.
Green computing
　52． 　 Learning to make 　53． 　 use of computer resources so as to save energy and protect the environment.
Main goal To reduce the use of energy and materials that do 　54． 　 to the environment.
　55． 　 ●In 1992 the EPA created Energy Star program, 　56． 　 energy efficient computing equipment and technologies. ●Then many computer manufacturers launched sleep mode and many computer users 　57． 　 the policy to save energy. ●In 2006 Energy Star made the computer requirements 　58． 　 and implemented a ranking system for products. ●At 　59． 　, over 20 states have established a special recycling program for old computers and electronics.
Present situation ●Green computing requires the 　60． 　 of users, management, and regulatory compliance. ●Green computing is becoming more mainstream 　61． 　. ●New, beret computers will help both companies and users, and protect the environment.
五、书面表达（满分25分）
62．假定你是李华，准备参加学校举办的主题为"我的理想"的英语作文竞赛。请按要求用英语写一篇题为My dream的短文。主要内容包括：1.你的理想是……；
2.你有这一理想的缘由；3.为实现理想而努力的决心。
注意：1.词数：120左右；2.可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。
答案解析部分
1．【答案】A
【知识点】代词
【解析】【分析】句意：你看完书后，把书给Lucy或Helen，或谁都行。此处whoever是代词，”任何人，无论谁“，它作to的宾语。故选A。
【点评】考查代词辨析，区分whoever，wherever，whatever，however的含义和用法。
2．【答案】D
【解析】【分析】A．You are welcome.不用谢；B．That's right好，对了；C．I have no idea我不知道；D．Never mind没关系，不要紧；句意：—很抱歉我迟到了。路上堵车了。——没关系。你来了就好，进来坐吧。根据句意，选D。
【点评】考查情境交际。此题从题意可以得出答案，应牢记交际语的准确意义。
3．【答案】C
【知识点】非限制性定语从句
【解析】【分析】句意：Maria已经写了两部小说，它们都被制作成了电视剧。句中有逗号，说明是非限制性定语从句，them不能引导定语从句，that不用于非限制性定语从句和介词之后，what不用于定语从句，排除A、B、D；both of which相当于and both of them，故选C。
【点评】考查定语从句，本题涉及关系代词which引导的非限制性定语从句。
4．【答案】D
【知识点】名词
【解析】【分析】句意：我对他的第一印象是他是个友善的考虑周到的年轻人。A. expression”表达“；B. attention”注意“；C. satisfaction ”满意“；D. impression”印象“。选D。
【点评】考查名词辨析，区分expression， attention，satisfaction，impression的含义。
5．【答案】B
【知识点】主语从句
【解析】【分析】句意：在这个商店中用现金或信用卡支付都可以。此处it是形式主语，后面whether...or…引导的主语从句是真正的主语，whether...or…“是...…还是...…都行”。故选B。
【点评】考查名词性从句，本题涉及whether引导的主语从句。
6．【答案】A
【知识点】非谓语动词
【解析】【分析】句意：乔治战争后回到家，结果被告知妻子已经离开了。此处only to do/be done表示意料之外的结果；现在分词作结果状语则表示自然的结果。这里George和tell之间是被动关系，因此用to be told。故选A。
【点评】考查非谓语动词，本题涉及不定式短语作结果状语。
7．【答案】A
【知识点】引导时间状语从句的连词
【解析】【分析】句意：当玛丽为她喝醉了朋友道歉时，他礼貌地微笑着。此处是as引导这个时间状语从句，这里smile和apologize同时进行，as“当…..的时候”。选A。
【点评】考查状语从句，本题涉及as引导的条件状语从句。
8．【答案】C
【知识点】一般过去时
【解析】【分析】句意：Jack发了几份电子邮件之后，他才开始研究他的项目。根据前半句的谓语动词用了过去完成时，可知后半句用一般过去时，这样才能符合“过去的过去”这一条件。故选C。
【点评】考查动词时态，本题涉及一般过去时的应用。
9．【答案】B
【知识点】不定冠词
【解析】【分析】句意：在那些艰难的岁月里，能买得起一杯饮料是一种莫大的安慰。此处考查抽象名词具体化。第一空中的a drink意为：一杯饮料；第二空中的a comfort意为：一件令人安慰的事。故选B。
【点评】考查冠词解析，本题考查不定冠词的应用。
10．【答案】D
【知识点】虚拟语气在条件状语从句中的运用
【解析】【分析】句意：如果我们没有做好充分的准备，会议就不会这样成功。在虚拟条件句中，表示与过去事实相反的情况，从句用过去完成时，主句用would have done的形式。故选D。
【点评】考查虚拟语气在条件中的应用，本题涉及对过去事实的假设。
11．【答案】C
【知识点】情景交际及习惯表达
【解析】【分析】句意：——我不了解你。我讨厌这种天气。——我也是。我无法忍受整天下雨。当表示后者与前者具有相同特征的时候，后者用倒装的形式；肯定用so，否定用nor或neither构成。根据后面一句中的I can't stand all this rain可知，此处与上一句中的I'm sick and tired of the weather表达同样的感受，因此应该用So am I，表示“我也是”。故选C。
【点评】考查日常交际，区分I don't care，It's hard to say，So am I，I hope not的含义和使用环境。
12．【答案】B
【知识点】引导地点状语从句的连词
【解析】【分析】句意：大量的建筑物在一年前除了废墟什么也没有的地方出现了。此题考查地点状语从句，用where。其他连词带入句子意义表达不对。故选B。
【点评】考查状语从句，本题涉及where引导的地点状语从句。
13．【答案】A
【知识点】形容词的词义辨析
【解析】【分析】句意：要讲道理，你不能指望我在如此短的时间里完成所有的工作。A.reasonable”有道理的“；B.confident”信心“；C.creative”有创造力的”；D.grateful“感激的”。根据句意，选A。
【点评】考查形容词辨析，区分reasonable,confident,creative,grateful的含义。
14．【答案】D
【知识点】过去进行时
【解析】【分析】句意：听到自己最信任的两个职员要离去，经理很关注。此处用过去进行时表示过去将来时。这里were leaving表示：过去要离开。故选D。
【点评】考查动词时态，本题涉及过去进行时的应用。
15．【答案】B
【知识点】动词过去分词
【解析】【分析】句意：填好表格，并签名后，请将表格用提供的信封寄给我们。envelope与provide是逻辑上的动宾关系，因此应该用过去分词作后置定语，表示被动。故选B。
【点评】考查非谓语动词，本题涉及过去分词作定语。
【答案】16．B；17．D；18．C；19．A；20．D；21．B；22．A；23．D；24．A；25．C；26．A；27．D；28．B；29．C；30．C；31．A；32．B；33．D；34．C；35．B
【知识点】故事阅读类；记叙文
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇记叙文，讲述了一对有爱心的德国夫妇舍弃了外出度假的时光，为那些无家可归的人做饭，提供住宿。在花完自己的积蓄后他们还向一些公司求助，呼吁更多的人们去关注那些无家可归的人。他们希望在这个世界上可以多一份关爱，少一份痛苦。
【点评】考查完形填空，本题考点涉及动词，名词，形容词，副词，固定短语等多个知识点的考查，是一篇故事类阅读，要求考生在理解细节信息的基础上，进一步根据上下文的逻辑关系，进行分析推理，从而选出正确答案。
16．句意：但现实就是无家可归的人到处都是。A. result"结果"；B. truth"事实，真理"；C. reason"理由"；D. idea"主意"。根据空前"But"可推断后句内容和前句内容"每当我们听到无家可归这个词，我们大多数人就会想到发展中国家"是转折关系，前面说人们的想法，所以后面应该是事实，故选B。
17．句意：例如，我们中有多少人会期望看到像德国这样的发达国家的人露宿街头。A. traditional"传统的"；B. developing"发展中的"；C. typical "典型的"；D. wealthy"富裕的"。根据空后"like Germany"可知此处指像德国这样的典型的发达国家，故选D。
18．句意：库尔特·穆勒和他的妻子丽塔花了11年的时间为德国首都柏林的无家可归者制作食物。A. preparations"筹备"；B. houses"房子"；C. meal"餐，饭"；D. suggestions"建议"。根据下文"Kurt Muller and his wife stayed at home, made sandwiches"可知他们为德国首都柏林的无家可归者做饭已经十一年了，故选C。
19．句意：他们开始于一个漫长炎热的夏天，那时大多数德国人都外出度假。A. began"开始"；B. met"遇到"；C. called"打电话，叫"；D. left"离开"。根据空前"first"可知此处指他们开始为这些无家可归人们做饭是在一个漫长而炎热的夏天，故选A。
20．句意：当大部分的德国人都离开去度假的时候 。A. asleep"睡着的"；B. alone"单独的"；C. across"穿过"；D. away"离开，远去"。他们是从一个漫长而炎热的夏天开始，而在这个时候大多数德国人都外出度假了，选D。
21．句意：库尔特和他的妻子呆在家里，做三明治，在街上摆好桌子，给无家可归的人分发食物。A. brought up"提出，抚养"；B. set up"搭建，安装，布置，临时搭起"；C. put aside"放一边，储存"；D. gave away"无偿赠送，暴露"。Kurt和他的妻子呆在家里做三明治，然后到街上去分给那些无家可归的人，可推断他们在街上布置好桌子，故选B。
22．句意：他们很快意识到食物和衣服是不够的。"这些人还需要温暖和关怀，"丽塔说。A. enough"足够的"；B. necessary"有必要的"；C. helpful"帮助的"；D. worthwhile"值得的"。根据下文"What these people also need…"人们还需要的是......，可知，此处应该表达的是穆勒夫妇意识到只有食物和衣服并不够。故选A。
23．句意：他们还需要温暖和关怀。A. fame"名望"；B. freedom"自由"；C. courage"勇气"；D. caring"关心"。从and前面的warmth判断流浪者们除了食物衣服这些物质帮助，还需要温暖和关怀。故选D。
24．句意：穆勒夫妇毫不犹豫地把他们的电话号码给了街上的人，并告诉他们随时打电话。A. hesitate "犹豫"；B. agree"同意"； C. pretend"假装"； D. intend "打算"。穆勒夫妇倾尽所有去帮助这些无家可归的人们，由此判断他们是毫不犹豫地把电话号码给那些街上的人，并告诉他们随时给他打电话。故选A。
25．句意：Rita确保家里有人接电话。A. make sense " 讲得通，有意义"；B. found out"弄清楚"； C. made sure"确保"；D. worked out"计算出"。根据上文Muller一家总是愿意把电话号码给街上的人并告诉他们随时可以打电话，可知Rita要确保家里有接电话的人。故选C。
26．句意：而且他们的家总是对那些无法在街上再过一晚的人开放。A. open"开放的"；B. crowded "拥挤的"；C. noisy"嘈杂的，吵闹的"；D. near "附近的"。根据上文可知他们一家随时在都会帮助那些无家可归的人们，所以此处是指她家对那些不想在街上再呆一夜的人是随时敞开着的。be open to固定短语，"对某人是敞开的；对……开放"，故选A。
27．句意：这对夫妇很快就花光了所有的时间和金钱，A. costing "花费"；B. wasting "浪费"；C. taking" 带走"；D. spending "花费"。穆勒夫妇很快就要把他们的钱花光了。此处用动词过去进行时表示过去将要发生的动作。waste不符合句意；cost主语不能是sb，常用句式是：（某物）花费（某人）钱数；take也可表示花费，但其主语一般是sth.或形式主语it，常用句式是：It takes sb sometime to do sth。spend花费，主语是人，常用句式是：Sb spends sometime /money on sth/(in)doing sth.。故选D。
28．句意：于是Kurt拜访了食物和服装公司来要求他们捐赠。A. pay for" 付款" ；B. ask for "要求，请求"； C. look into "调查"； D. carry out "贯彻，执行"。根据语境可知他们向一些服装厂和食品厂去请求捐助，选B。
29．句意：今天，有三十多家公司定期为该事业捐赠食品和其他物品。A. completely "完全地，完整地"；B. calmly"镇定地，平静地"；C. regularly"经常性地，定期"；D. roughly"大约，粗暴地"。现在，三十多家公司定期地为他们的事业捐赠食品和其他物品，故选C。
30．句意：志愿者们帮助把它们送到无家可归的人那里。 A. advertise"做广告"；B. sell "卖出"；C. deliver "发送，发表"； D. lend"借给"。根据语境可知志愿者们是来帮助他们向无家可归者分发这些食品物品，选C。
31．句意：公众也会捐赠衣服和钱，鞋厂也会捐赠新鞋。A. donates"捐赠"；B. produces"生产"；C. designs"设计"；D. collects"收集"。根据语境判断除了公司捐赠以外，公众也给衣服和钱，而且一家制鞋商还捐赠新鞋，故选A。
32．句意：库尔特和丽塔辛勤工作但没有得到报酬。A. permission"许可"；B. payment"报酬，付款"；C. direction"方向"；D. support"支持"。根据空后"and parents shouldn't expect money for helping their children."可知此处指穆勒夫妇没有因为他们的艰难工作而得到报酬，故选B。
33．句意：父母不应该指望从孩子的身上得到钱。A. borrow "借入"；B. raise"提高"；C. save"保存"；D. expect"期望"。根据语境可以判断他们感觉自己就像父母一样，父母是不应该因为帮助自己的孩子而期望得到钱的。故选D。
34．句意：尽管丽塔承认她经常感到累，但她说她会继续工作，因为她喜欢那种在世界上有所作为的感觉。A. surprised"惊讶的"；B. excited"兴奋的"；C. tired"累的"；D. amused "娱乐的"。根据后面的主句内容可以判断尽管Rita承认常常会感到累，但她说她会继续这工作，故选C。
35．句意：她会继续工作下去，因为她喜欢能够在世界上发挥自己作用的感觉。A. profit "利润"； B. difference "差异"； C. decision"决定"； D. rule"规则"。此处指他们的所作所为给别人的生活带来了改变，make a difference固定短语，"有影响，起作用"，故选B。
【答案】36．C
37．C
38．B
39．C
【知识点】推理判断题；词义猜测题；细节理解题；时文广告类；应用文
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇应用文，介绍了孩子会感兴趣的一些博物馆以及博物馆里一些孩子会感兴趣的地方和博物馆中孩子可以参加的活动的介绍。
【点评】考查阅读理解，包含细节理解题、词义猜测题和推理判断题，是一篇介绍类阅读，注意先略读文章，掌握文章大意，再分析题干及选项，到文中找到相关内容并进行理解。
36．考查细节理解。根据第三段中的" ·Head to a natural history museum. This is where kids can discover the past from dinosaur models to rock collections and pictures of stars in the sky. "可知，在这里，孩子们可以发现过去，从恐龙模型到岩石收藏和天空中星星的图片。所以如果一个孩子对宇宙感兴趣，他可能会去一个自然历史博物馆。故选C。
37．考查细节理解。根据第四段中的"Go to a Youtheater"去Youtheater；以及"Puppet(木偶)making and stage make-up are just a couple of the special offerings you might find"木偶制作和舞台化妆是你可能会发现的一些特别的项目。可知孩子们在Youtheater可以看到木偶制作。故选C。
38．考查词义猜测。根据最后一段中的"They'll keep your child mentally and physically active the whole day through while pushing buttons, experimenting, and building"他们会让你的孩子一整天都保持精神和身体上的活跃，孩子们在按钮，进行实验和建造东西。所以孩子们是通过动手做东西学习科学。可推知"hands-on science"是"通过动手做东西学习科学"。故选B。
39．考查推理判断。根据第一段中的"Are you looking for some new and exciting places to take your kids to Try some of these places"你是否正在寻找一些新的和有趣的地方要带你的孩子去呢 试试这些地方。以及下文对博物馆的具体介绍可以判断出，这篇文章来自于博物馆指南。故选C。
【答案】40．B
41．C
42．A
43．D
【知识点】推理判断题；细节理解题；说明文；科普类；标题选择
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文，介绍了一种帮助人们寻找到蜂蜜的鸟儿a honey guide的情况。
【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解，推理判断和标题归纳三个题型的考查，是一篇科普类阅读，要求考生在捕捉细节信息的基础上，进一步根据上下文的逻辑关系，进行分析，推理，概括和归纳，从而选出正确答案。
40．考查细节理解。根据第一段中的"Often, these nests are high up in trees, and it is difficult to find them. "通常，这些巢穴都在树上，很难找到。可知这些蜂巢都在高高的树上，所以很难找到。故选B。
41．考查推理判断 。根据第二段中的"Once it has their attention, it flies through the forest, waiting from time to time for the curious animal or person as it leads them to the nest. When they finally arrive at the nest, the follower reaches in to get at the delicious honey as the bird patiently waits and watches."一旦引起它们的注意，它就会穿过森林，不时地等待好奇的动物或人把它们带到巢穴。当它们最终到达巢穴时，跟随者伸手去拿美味的蜂蜜，而这只鸟则耐心地等待和观看。可推知the follower就是指那些寻找蜂蜜的人。故选C。
42．考查推理判断。根据第二段中的"So, when it finds a suitable nest, it looks for someone to help it. The honey guide gives a loud cry that attracts the attention of both passing animals and people. Once it has their attention, it flies through the forest, waiting from time to time for the curious animal or person as it leads them to the nest. When they finally arrive at the nest, the follower reaches in to get at the delicious honey as the bird patiently waits and watches. Some of the honey, and the wax, always falls to the ground, and this is when the honey guide takes its share.因此，当它找到一个合适的巢穴时，它会寻找人来帮助它。蜂蜜向导发出的一声响亮的叫声吸引了路过的动物和人们的注意。一旦引起它们的注意，它就会穿过森林，不时地等待好奇的动物或人把它们带到巢穴。当它们最终到达巢穴时，跟随者伸手去拿美味的蜂蜜，而这只鸟则耐心地等待和观看。一些蜂蜜和蜜蜡总是掉在地上，而这正是蜂蜜指南分享的时候。可知这种鸟儿非常喜欢蜂巢里的蜡。但是它们得到这些蜡的过程却是非常的独特。通过吸引别人来找到蜂巢，再等到自己的食物。故选A。
43．考查标题归纳。纵观全文可知，本文介绍了一种帮助人们寻找到蜂蜜的鸟儿a honey guide的情况。故选D。
【答案】44．C
45．B
46．A
【知识点】推理判断题；细节理解题；故事阅读类；记叙文
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇记叙文，讲述了作者作为群众演员参与的一次电影拍摄经历，几分钟的拍摄时间让作者体验到了当明星的感觉。
【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解和推理判断两个题型的考查，是一篇故事类阅读，通读全文，理解文章大意，阅读题目后返回原文阅读并找出与题目相对应的内容，仔细核对，选择符合原文原意的答案，完成后再次阅读并检查。
44．考查细节理解。根据第一段中的"About twenty of us had been fortunate enough to receive invitations to a film-studio（影棚）to take part in crowd-scene."我们中大约有二十个人很幸运地收到了去一家电影制片厂参加人群场景的邀请。可知，作者是群众演员。故选C。
45．考查细节理解。根据第二段中的"A big fan began blowing tiny white feathers down on him, and soon the trees were covered in‘snow'. Two more fans were turned on, and a‘strong wind' blew through the trees. The picture looked so real that it made us feel cold."一把大风扇开始把白色的小羽毛吹向他，很快树上就被"雪"覆盖了。又打开了两个风扇，一股"强风"吹过树林。这张照片看起来很真实，让我们感到很冷。可知，虽然很热，但是场景里面起的"风"，下的"雪"让作者感到凉爽。"人造场景"符合以上说法。故选B。
46．考查推理判断。根据最后一段"Since it was our turn next, we were left wondering what scene would be prepared for us 和we would be experiencing the excitement of being film ‘Stars'!"由于接下来轮到我们了，我们想知道会为我们准备什么场景。在我们生命中整整三分钟的时间里，我们都将体验成为电影"明星"的兴奋！可知，这三分钟指的是接下来作者要参与拍摄的场景。"一个新的场景即将被拍摄"符合以上说法。故选A。
【答案】47．A
48．D
49．A
50．B
【知识点】推理判断题；细节理解题；段落大意；学习教育类；议论文
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇议论文，论述了过度学习，并列举了多个有关的事例来证明过度学习的学习效果和作用。
【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解，推理判断和段落大意三个题型的考查，是一篇教育类阅读，首先要仔细阅读短文，掌握大意，然后结合具体的题目，再读短文，从中找出相关信息，就可以确定正确答案。
47．考查段落大意。根据第一段中的"Grown-ups are often surprised by how well they remember something they learned as children but have never practiced ever since．"成年人经常惊讶于他们对小时候学到的东西记得如此之好，但从那以后就再也没有像现在这样练习过静态游泳了。可知，本段讲述的是人们经常能够记住我们小时候所学的内容，接下来还举了另外几个例子来说明。故选A。
48．考查推理判断。根据第三段中的"In childhood we usually continue to practice such skills as swimming，bicycle riding，and playing baseball long after we have learned them."在童年时代，我们通常会在学会游泳、骑自行车和打棒球等技能后很长时间内继续练习。可知作者是通过举例说明的方法来解释过度学习的原理的，故选D。
49．考查细节理解。根据倒数第二段中的" because they are another of the things we overlearn in childhood. "因为它们是我们童年时过度学习的另一种东西。故选A。
50．考查推理判断。根据最后一段中的"The law of overlearning explains why cramming for an examination, though it may result in a passing grade, is not a satisfactory way to learn a college course. By cramming, a student may learn the subject well enough to get by on the examination, but he is likely soon to forget almost everything he learned."过度学习的法则解释了为什么为了考试而死记硬背，虽然可能会导致及格，却不是一种令人满意的学习大学课程的方法。通过死记硬背，一个学生可能把这门课学得足够好，可以通过考试，但他很可能很快就会忘记他所学的几乎所有东西。可知作者认为突击学习的效果只能延续很短的时间，所以说只在有限的方面起作用。故选B。
51．【答案】（1）B
（2）C
（3）B
（4）A
（5）A
【知识点】推理判断题；细节理解题；旅游观光类；记叙文
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇记叙文，讲述了太平洋岛国瑙鲁如何从一个环境优美的天堂岛变成一个生态失衡、满目疮痍的小岛。
（1）考查写作意图。根据第一段中的“Now it is an ecological disaster area. Nauru's heartbreaking story could have one good consequence—other countries might learn from its mistakes.”可知，作者的目的是给当前很多只注重发展经济而忽略环境保护的国家一个警告。故选B。
（2）考查细节理解。根据第一段提到的“太平洋上的国家瑙鲁岛曾经是一个美丽的地方”看出，瑙鲁岛attractive；根据第二段中的“ For thousands of years, Polynesian people lived the remote island of Nauru, far from western civilization. ”以及第三段中的“ However, because it was very remote, Nauru had little communication with Europeans at first.”可知，上千年来，瑙鲁岛的人们生活在偏远的小岛上，过着平静的生活。故选C。
（3）考查推理判断。根据最后一段中的“Soon people realized that they had a terrible problem－their phosphate was running out. Ninety percent of their island was destroyed and they had nothing.”可知“磷酸盐逐渐减少，开采殆尽”。由此可以看出，“磷酸盐的过量开采”导致了生态灾难。故选B。
（4）考查细节理解。根据最后一段中的“Unfortunately, the leaders invested the money unwisely and lost millions of dollars. In addition, they used millions more dollars for personal expenses. ”可知，是领导人不正确使用资金导致了财政问题。故选A。
（5）考查推理判断。根据最后一段中的“Experts say that it would take approximately $433,600,000 and more than 20 years to repair the island，瑙鲁岛上的生态损失弥补起来需要大量的资金和时间，即选项所说的“修复起来很难”。故选A。
【点评】本题考点涉及主旨大意、细节理解和推理判断三个题型的考查，要求考生在捕捉细节信息的基础上，进一步根据上下文的逻辑关系，进行分析、推理、概括和归纳，从而选出正确答案。
【答案】52．Definition；53．better；54．harm/damage；55．Development/History；56．promoting；57．adopted；58．stricter；59．present；60．satisfaction；61．worldwide
【知识点】说明文；读写任务；科普类
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文，介绍了"绿色计算"的含义和目的，以及它的发展史和现状。
【点评】本题考点涉及总结归纳，句意转型，词性转换，原词重现等四个题型的考查，是一篇科普类阅读，考生需要准确捕捉细节信息。根据上下文的逻辑关系，结合相关的语法知识和词汇知识，写出正确答案。
52．考查总结归纳。根据第二段中的" Green computing is actually pretty easy to explain and to do—it is basically learning to use computer resources more efficiently to help the environment as well as making energy savings. "绿色计算实际上很容易解释和实现——它基本上是学习更有效地使用计算机资源来帮助环境以及节约能源。可知此处是对Green computing 的解释，故填 Definition 。
53．考查句义转换、根据第二段中的"it is basically learning to use computer resources more efficiently to help the environment as well as making energy savings. "它基本上是学习更有效地使用计算机资源来帮助环境以及节约能源。可知更加高效地使用计算机资源。make better use of"更有效地使用"，故填 better 。
54．考查词性转换。根据第二段中的" The main goal of a green computing program is to reduce the use of energy and materials that harm the environment. "绿色计算计划的主要目标是减少对环境有害的能源和材料的使用。harm 动词，与do harm/damage to同义，故填 harm/damage 。
55．考查总结归纳，根据第三段"Green computing started as early as 1992, when the EPA created Energy Star, which is a voluntary labeling program that promotes energy efficient computing equipment and technologies. "绿色计算早在1992年就开始了，当时美国环保局创建了"能源之星"，这是一个自愿的标签计划，旨在推广节能计算设备和技术。可知从1992年至今，介绍了发展过程，故填Development/History 。
56．考查词形转换。根据第三段中的"which is a voluntary labeling program that promotes energy efficient computing equipment and technologies. "这是一个自愿的标签计划，旨在推广节能计算设备和技术。此处应用promote的现在分词作伴随状语，故填promoting 。
57．考查原词重现。根据第四段中的" It was because of this program that many computer manufacturers launched sleep mode and millions of computer users around the world began to adopt this policy to help save energy when they were not using their computers. "正是因为这个程序，许多电脑制造商推出了睡眠模式，全世界数百万电脑用户开始采用这个政策，以帮助他们在不使用电脑时节省能源。故填 adopted 。
58．考查原词重现。根据第四段中的" Energy Star was actually revised in October of 2006 to make the requirements stricter for computers "能源之星实际上在2006年10月进行了修订，使计算机的要求更加严格，故填 stricter 。
59．考查句意转换。根据第四段中的"Because of these new requirements, there are over 20 states that have now established a special recycling program for old computers and electronics to help with green computing."由于这些新的要求，现在有20多个州已经为旧电脑和电子产品制定了一个特殊的回收计划，以帮助实现绿色计算。可知now改为present ，故填 present 。
60．考查词性转换。根据第五段中的"This is a hard balance to achieve, as it has to satisfy users, management, and regulatory compliance(顺从). "这是一个很难实现的平衡，因为它必须满足用户、管理层和法规遵从性。此处应用satisfy的名词，故填satisfaction 。
61．考查句意转换，根据第五段中的" this term is starting to become more mainstream all around the world "这个词开始在世界各地变得越来越主流，可知all around the world相当于worldwide ，故填 worldwide 。
62．【答案】My dream
My dream is to become a school teacher in the future.
In fact，I have the dream of becoming a teacher since my childhood. In my opinion，without teachers，no society could make progress. There is no doubt that teachers play an important role in children's growth. Not only do teachers pass on knowledge to children，but they also teach children how to behave pared with other jobs，teaching is harder and the pay is lower. But to me，what great fun it is to be with children！They make me feel young forever.
I'll study harder and try my best to realize my dream.
【知识点】提纲作文；文字式应用文；半开放性作文
【解析】【分析】本体是一篇英文信件，要求考生以李华的身份 写一篇题为My dream的短文 。写作背景：你 准备参加学校举办的主题为"我的理想"的英语作文竞赛。 写作要点已经给出，属于提纲类作文，内容包括： 1.你的理想是……； 2.你有这一理想的缘由；3.为实现理想而努力的决心。提示中的内容比较泛泛，需要适当补充。本题对于考生的综合能力要求较高，要求考生有很强的谋篇布局的能力和组织要点的能力。需要注意紧扣文章主题，给出的要点都需要包括。写作时注意准确运用时态，上下文意思连贯，符合逻辑关系。尽量使用自己熟悉的单词句式，同时也要注意使用高级词汇和高级句型使文章显得更有档次。
【点评】本篇作文要点齐全，结构完整，条理清晰，应用了较多的语法结构和词汇，熟练地使用了语句间的连接成分，使整个文章结构紧凑，很好地完成了写作任务。例如：In my opinion，without teachers，no society could make progress. 运用了虚拟语气；There is no doubt that teachers play an important role in children's growth. 运用了固定句式There is no doubt that ....；Not only do teachers pass on knowledge to children，but they also teach children how to behave themselves.运用了并列句，倒装句； Compared with other jobs，teaching is harder and the pay is lower. 运用了并列句；But to me，what great fun it is to be with children！运用了感叹句，it作形式主语。

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