高中试卷答案网陕西省宝鸡市2024届高三上学期阶段性检测（二）英语试卷
学校：___________姓名：___________班级：___________考号：___________
一、阅读理解
Oil spills(泄漏) are common. When they happen, they can cause a lot of damage.
How Oil Spills Happen
Oil is a fossil fuel. It’s used in gasoline. That powers boats, cars, and trucks. It’s also used to make things. Some plastics, paints, and makeups are made with oil. Oil can be found below the ocean floor. Machines drill beneath the ocean. Then the oil is pumped out. This is called extraction(开采). It’s one way oil can accidentally leak. Oil spills can also be caused by transporting or moving oil.
Impacting the Environment
In the United States, thousands of oil spills happen each year. It can take years to clean up after a large spill. But even small leaks and spills can cause damage. Oil spills can have long-lasting effects. They hurt wildlife. Birds get oil on their feathers. They can't fly. Sea otters (海獭) get oil in their fur. This makes it (hard for them to stay warm- Oil creates poisonous gas. This makes it hard for whales to breathe.
Larger oil spills are a danger for people and wildlife. Spilled oil must be removed from the environment. Emergency response teams are called in to do the work. There are several ways to clean up oil spills.
Shoreline flushing(冲刷). Pipes flush oil from the shore. The oil is washed into the water. It's more easily collected there.
Booms. Booms are floating barriers. They are used to stop oil from spreading on the water’s surface.
Sorbents. Sorbents act like sponges(海绵) .They absorb oil but do not pick up water.
Burning. Newly spilled oil can be set on fire. This helps remove the oil that is floating on the water.
1、What can we know about oil spills
A.They are uncommon. B.They are easy to clean up.
C.They affect the environment. D.They are not a danger for people.
2、What's the influence of oil spills on sea otters
A. They can’t swim. B.They can't breathe.
C. They can't find enough food. D.They can hardly stay warm.
3、What can be used to keep oil rom spreading on the water's surface
A.Pipes. B. Booms. C. Sponges. D. Boats.
A famously strange statue in the city of Oxford, England recently received official protection as a historic landmark. But, Magnus Hanson-Heine, the son of the man who built the artwork, is not happy about the special recognition.
The statue is a 7. 6-metre-tall model of a shark. The strange part is in the statue’s positioning up on the top of the Hanson-Heine house. It appears from the street as if the huge fish dove straight through the home's roof. Magnus Hanson-Heine's father, Bill Heine, put up the sculpture in 1986 as a protest against war and nuclear weapons. He worked on the art programme with his friend, sculptor John Buckley.
Bill Heine was an American who studied law at the University of Oxford and made the town his home. He got the idea for the sculpture after he heard American warplanes fly over his house one night in April 1986. The next morning, he learned that the planes had been on their way to bomb Tripoli, Libya.
The men exhibited the sculpture on August 9 to mark the 41st anniversary of the atomic bomb attack on Hiroshima, Japan. “The image of a shark crashing through the home captured the shock the common people must feel when bombs crash into their homes,” Magnus Hanson-Heine said.
Magnus Hanson-Heine calls the local government’s declaration about the sculpture funny. His father, he explained, never sought nor accepted permission to put up the shark. “In fact, he strongly believed,” his son said, “that the government should not decide what art the public should see.” And, Hanson-Heine noted, the same local council that has declared the shark historic and protected, had spent years seeking its removal.
“The shark's anti-war message is just as important today,” Hanson-Heine said. “While that message is serious the strange sculpture that rises over the otherwise normal street brings some fun and laughter as well.”
4、Why did Bill Heine build the artwork
A.To beautify his own house.
B.To cause some fun and laughter.
C.To fight against war and nuclear weapons.
D.To mark the atomic bomb attack on Hiroshima, Japan.
5、What do we know about Bill Heine
A.He was from America.
B.He made the lawyer his profession.
C.It took him nearly half a year to finish the statue.
D.His attempt to place the shark on the roof was once refused.
6、Why was Hanson-Heine dissatisfied with the local government
A.The government didn't allow his father to keep sharks.
B.The local government had been trying to remove the artwork.
C.The government did not discuss it with him before making the decision.
D.The artwork was extremely common and did not need-government protection.
7、Which is the best description of the sculpture
A.It is a 6. 7-metre-tall shark model.
B.It was put up by Magnus Hanson-Heine and his father.
C.It was inspired by the sharks raised by Magnus Hanson-Heine's father.
D.The image caught people's shock when bombs hit their homes.
For 14 years, Kerry Mellin commuted(通勤) 40 miles to her job. On a good day, the drive took 75 minutes. “On bad traffic days, it was easily two hours,” she says. “The road rage was real. I felt trapped and my back pain was killing me.”
No productivity expert advocates the benefits of morning anger and back pain. But exactly how a long trip such as Mellin’s affects the workday hasn’t been fully understood. New research from Dartmouth helps quantify the cost of commuting on performance. “Your commute predicts your day,” says Andrew Campbell, lead researcher of the study.
Before the pandemic, 275 information workers (45% of them were employed by tech companies) across the US were equipped with fitness tracking devices; subjects were monitored around the clock for a year. Most of them, 94%, commuted by car, with trips averaging 40 to 60 minutes. The sensors tracked details such as heart rate and sleep, as well as environmental information like weather.
The data showed that a rough morning commute acts as a first falling domino(多米诺骨牌) , with ill effects felt down the line. “Commuting, especially if it’s not well-planned and predictable, raises stress levels,” says co-author Pino Audia, a professor of management and organizations at Dartmouth's Tuck School of Business
The researchers found that commutes involving more physical activity, such as walking or bicycling, connected with less stress and better performance at work. Performance was measured by tracking dozens of behaviours both productive (helping co-workers, volunteering for assignments, skipping breaks to finish work) and counterproductive (leaving early, excessive breaks, working slowly).
Participants self-reported, and 110 of the 275 were considered “low performers”. (There was no conclusion for why the connection exists; the researchers’ focus was simply on measuring it.)
Another finding: no matter how a worker commuted, those who left their homes or offices at the same times each morning and afternoon and took the same route performed better than commuters who alternated departures and varied their routes. This confirms the Dartmouth team's previous findings that higher performers have more consistent daily routines.
8、What does the underlined word “rage” in paragraph 1 mean
A. Traffic. B. Accident. C. Anger. D. Construction.
9、What's the main idea of paragraph 3
A. The result of the research. B. The process of the research.
C. The Subject of the research. D. The limitation of the research.
10、What can we infer from the text
A.Slow workers prefer to play dominoes.
B.Pino Audia is good at planning his commuting.
C.A bad commute can set the tone for the entire day.
D.Workers should leave their homes early to avoid traffic jam.
11、What's the finding of the new research
A.Walking is beneficial to workers' health.
B.Physical activity will help avoid stress.
C.Higher performers have more consistent daily routines.
D.Cycling to work will probably bring productive behaviours.
Pollution of the world’s rivers from medicines and pharmaceutical (制药的) products poses a “threat to environmental and global health”, a report says.
Various drugs were widely detected in a University of York study. The research is among the most extensive conducted on a global scale. Rivers in Pakistan, Bolivia and Ethiopia were among the most polluted. Rivers in Iceland, Norway and Amazon Rainforest were the least polluted.
The impact of many of the most common pharmaceutical substances in rivers is still largely unknown. But it is already well established that dissolved human contraceptives(避孕药) can impact the development and reproduction of fish, and scientists fear the increased presence of antibiotics(抗生素) in rivers could limit their effectiveness as medicines.
The study took samples from more than 1,000 test sites in more than 100 countries. Overall, more than a quarter of the 258 rivers sampled had what are known as “active pharmaceutical ingredients” present at a level considered unsafe .for life in water.
“Typically, what happens is, we take these chemicals, they have some desired effects on us and then they leave our bodies,” Dr. John Wilkinson, who led the research, said. “What we know now is that even the most modern efficient wastewater treatment plants aren’t completely capable of removing these substances before they end up in rivers or lakes.”
The most polluted sites were largely in low-income to middle-income countries, and in areas where there was poor wastewater management and pharmaceutical production. "This is most concerning because you have the weakest populations with the least access to healthcare exposed to this," said Dr. Mohamed Abdallah from the UK's Birmingham University.
On the question of what can be done, Dr. Wilkinson suggested, "One of the few things that could have an effect right now is the proper use of medicines." That would mean making it harder to get hold of medicines like antibiotics, and tougher restrictions on doses(剂量).
12、In which county were rivers the least polluted
A. Pakistan. B. Bolivia. C. Ethiopia. D. Iceland.
13、How does the author support his point in paragraph 4
A. By listing figures. B. By giving examples.
C. By comparing different facts. D. By debating and concluding.
14、What’s Dr. Mohamed Abdallah’s attitude to people in poor countries
A. Positive. B. Hateful. C. Worried. D. Unconcerned.
15、What’s the best title of the text
A.How to Deal with the Pollution in the Rivers
B.The Proper Use of Medicines such as Antibiotics
C.Most Rivers in the World Have Been Polluted Seriously
D.Pharmaceutical Products Left in Rivers Threaten Creatures and People's Health
二、七选五
16、Persistence(坚持) is a hot topic among education researchers these days and for good reason: It's critical for success in school and beyond. Here are five tips for developing this quality in your child.
Let them play.
Just like adults, kids tend to work harder when they love what they're doing. What’s the best way to help your child discover what they're passionate about ①______ So if your child's curiosity is inspired by any topic from acrobatics (杂技) to zoology, you can support their interest by offering additional exposure to that subject.
Help them practise self-control.
②______ Studies have shown that higher levels of self-control early in life predict how well kids do academically, as well as a host of other positive outcomes including adult earnings, savings, and physical health.
Aim high.
Many studies have shown that kids work harder and do better when their teacher has high expectations for them. ③______ High achievers who persevere in the face of challenges tend to come from families with high standards for their academic success and a home environment that supports learning.
Praise the process.
A previous research shows that when children are praised for their intelligence or talents they avoid challenges. But when children are praised for hard work that paid off, they are more likely to seek out challenges and keep going when things get tough. ④______.
Extracurricular help.
Activities outside of regular school hours, such as sports, drama, debate, or music, are a great context for learning how to work hard at something over time. Research shows that students who participate in extracurricular activities get better grades and have higher self- esteem(自尊) , lower rates of depression, and lower dropout rates than students who don't.
⑤______ Kids who stick with the same activity for two years are more likely to increase their possibilities of employment soon after college.
A. Parental expectations matter, too.
B. Let them explore freely and widely.
C. They are more motivated and successful.
D. Switching from person-praise to process-praise is easy.
L. Hard goals can help your child focus their attention and work harder.
F. Self-control is closely related to the ability to work toward a goal over time.
G. Kids who devote one year to the same activity are more likely to graduate from college.
三、完形填空（20空）
As she approached 97, Gwen Erickson from Minnesota began raising one of America's most popular, yet endangered, butterflies —the Monarch. Last year the grandmother 1 to raise 27 butterflies and this year the 2 has gone up to 61.
While some might say that nature should be left to 3 itself, the butterflies' population is 4 rapidly and is in need of a little extra help. 5 , that love and devotion is exactly what the 97-year-old is able to 6 for her little winged friends.
The whole process is a little 7 , beginning with collecting eggs from the milkweed leaves that grow in her backyard. Four days after Erickson placed the eggs in jars on her living-room table, the caterpillar(毛毛虫) appeared, and then, within several weeks, formed a chrysalis(蛹) .A fortnight later the beautiful butterfly 8 . Erickson then released the butterflies into the wild, but a couple seemed a little 9 to leave their loving home and 10 the senior by flying around the house.
When 11 her first attempt to raise the butterflies, Erickson said she hoped it could enable her grandchildren to 12 an interest in these beautiful insects. 13 , it's her who has found the pleasure in raising butterflies Ln the end.
Normally Erickson doesn't like to talk about herself and what she does, but she does this time as she wants to 14 others to care for this endangered species. Happily a friend and her son have joined her in her newfound 15 and hopefully we will see a(n) 16 in those decreasing numbers.
This new 17 , started so late in life, is a fine example of people 18 the. Smaller things in life. And it 19 us that it's never too late to be 20 in life.
17、A. decided B. desired C. managed D. expected
18、A. number B. size C. type D. variety
19、A. suit B. study C. feed D. sustain
20、A. aging B. declining C. increasing D. moving
21、A. Regretfully B. Hopefully C. Thankfully D. Unfortunately
22、A. provide B. fight C. seek D. charge
23、A. money-saving B. labour-demanding C. energy-efficient D. time-consuming
24、A. sped up B. turned up C. woke up D. grew up
25、A. impatient B. delighted C. nervous D. unwilling
26、A. accompanied B. attended C. greeted D. followed
27、A. evaluating B. analyzing C. recalling D. conducting
28、A. revise B. develop C. keep D. express
29、A. Therefore B. Moreover C. Meanwhile D. However
30、A. allow B. encourage C. persuade D. invite
31、A. passion B. business C. dream D. world
32、A. opportunity B. result C. change D. inspiration
33、A. hobby B. habit C. routine D. exercise
34、A. relying on B. asking for C. calling on D. caring for
35、A. promises B. reminds C. warns D. convinces
36、A. successful B. generous C. optimistic D. purposeful
四、短文填空
37、One of the most important parts of a college application for American high school students is their list of “extra-curricular activities”. A student might be-a member of a sports- team or spend time taking part ①________ a school's theatre programme. American high school students usually finish ②________ (they) college application in January. They also visit universities and take tests like the SAT. But this year is different. Because of COVTD-19, they take video campus tours. Universities that used to talk to possible students ③________ (personal) do so by video call, instead. Along with ④________ (write) applications universities ask students to send a video ⑤________ (introduce). Some Schools ask students to write about how the pandemic(流行病) has changed their lives.
One student ⑥________ life has been different is 18-year-old Bekele. She says she wants to be an engineer and is eager ⑦________ (go) to a university that offers good science classes. Attending school online ⑧________ (be) hard for her over the last 10 months, especially in science ⑨________ maths classes that require a lot of help from teachers. She also misses the support of adults at her school who can help with college application. She is really worried about ⑩________ (complete) her application.
五、短文改错
38、假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文, 请你修改你同桌写的以下作文。文中共有 10处语言错误, 每句中最多有两处。每处错误仅涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。
增加:在缺词处加一个漏字符号(∧), 并在其下面写出该加的词。
删除:把多余的词用斜线(\)划掉。
修改:在错的词下划一横线, 并在该词下面写出修改后的词。
注意：
1.每处错误及其修改均仅限一词；
2.只允许修改10处, 多者(从第11处起)不计分。
Madison Glinski was very kind. She started to play the violin when she was 4 year old. Last, year, Madison makes a New Year’s resolution(正式决定) to help poor children. She decided try to raise 500 for a children's hospital. At the first she just had her violin case open for donations. Then she made a sign say that she was doing it for poor children. After the sign was made, more and more generously people gave their money away. Sometimes people left 20, that was astonishing. Madison also raised money by selling his own toys. Madison had a special passion for helping other. Though she had only a small amount of money, Madison bought lots of toys, shoes and clothes for the poor children on Africa.
六、书面表达
39、假定你是杭州红星中学的高三学生李华。为了让来校交流的美国学生更好地了解中国和中国文化, 你校组织美国学生到京杭大运河的杭州段参观。现在学校招聘导游, 请你用英语写一封信给国际部负责人,应聘这个职位。内容包括：
1.写信目的；
2.你的优势；
3.你的期待。
参考词汇：京杭大运河 the Beijing-Hangzhou Grand Canal
注意:
1.词数100左右;
2.可以适当增加细节, 以使行文连贯。
Dear Sir or Madam,
____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Yours,
Li Hua
参考答案
1、答案：C
解析：细节理解题。根据“Impacting the Environment”可知答案。
2、答案：D
解析：细节理解题。根据“Sea otters get oil in their fur. This makes it hard for them to stay warm.”可知答案。
3、答案：B
解析：细节理解题。根据“Booms are floating barriers. They are used to stop oil from spreading on the water’s surface.”可知答案。
4、答案：C
解析：细节理解题。根据第二段“Magnus Hanson-Heine’s father, Bill Heine, put up the sculpture in 1986 as a protest against war and nuclear weapons. ”可知, 这座雕塑制作的目的是抗议战争和核武器。
5、答案：A
解析：细节理解题。根据第三段“Bill Heine was an American who studied law at the University of Oxford and made the town his home.”可知, 比尔 海涅是一个美国人, 他曾在牛津大学学习法律, 并把家安在了这个镇上。由于语篇中没有提及他的职业, 不能确定他是否为律师, 但可以确定他来自美国。
6、答案：B
解析：细节理解题。根据第五段 “Hanson-Heine noted, the same local council that has declared the shark historic and protected, had spent years seeking its removal”可知, 宣布这座鳘鱼雕像具有历史意义并受到保护的地方议会, 多年来一直在寻求方法把它移走。由此推知, 这是汉森 海浬对当地政府不满的原因之一。
7、答案：D
解析：推理判断题。根据第四段“‘The image of a shark crashing through the home captured the shock the common people must feel when bombs crash into their homes,’ Magnus Hanson-Heine said.”可知, 马格努 斯 汉森 海涅认为鲨鱼冲进房屋的画面能够让普通百姓体会到炸弹砸进他们家时的震惊感受。
8、答案：C
解析：词义猜测题。根据第二段“No productivity expert advocates the benefits of morning anger and back pain.”中“anger”的提示可知答案。
9、答案：B
解析：段落大意题。第三段主要讲此次研究的过程, 故选B。
10、答案：C
解析：推理判断题。根据第四段 “The data showed that a rough morning commute acts as a first falling domino, with ill effects felt down the line”可知, 数据显示, 早上糟糕的通勤就像是第一个倒下的多米诺骨牌, 对整个过程都会产生不良影响。由此可以推测出：糟糕的通勤状况会为一整天定下基调。
11、答案：D
解析：细节理解题。根据第五段“The researchers found that commutes involving more physical activity, such as walking or bicycling, connected with less stress and better performance at work.”可知, 骑自行车上班可能会使工作效率变高。
12、答案：D
解析：细节理解题。根据第二段“Rivers in Iceland, Norway and Amazon Rainforest were the least polluted.” 可知答案。
13、答案：A
解析：推理判断题。根据本段中出现的“1, 000 test sites” “100 countries”“258 rivers”等词可以推测出作者是通过列数字的方式来证明自己的观点的。
14、答案：C
解析：观点态度题。根据 Dr. Mohamed Abdallah 所说的话“This is most concerning because you have the weakest populations with the least access to healthcare exposed to this”可以得知, Dr Mohamed Abdallah 对于贫穷国家的人们的态度是担忧的。
15、答案：D
解析：标题归纳题。文章主要讲:药品残留威胁水生生物和人类健康。故选D。
16、答案：①-⑤BFACG
解析：本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了培养孩子坚韧、不放弃这种品质的五个技巧。
①B此空前一句讲：帮助你的孩子发现他们热衷于什么的最佳方式是什么？ B项：让他们自由而广泛地探索。B项符合语境, 故选B。
②F根据关键词“self-control”可知此空选F。
③A此空前一句讲:许多研究表明, 当老师对孩子有很高的期望时, 孩子们学习更努力, 表现更好。后一句 提到家庭的作用, 尤其是其中的families和home。A项：家长们的期望也很重要。A项符合语境, 故选A。
④C此空前一句讲:但是, 当孩子们因努力工作而受到表扬并获得回报时, 他们更有可能寻求挑战, 并在遇到 困难时继续前进。C项：他们更有动力, 更成功。C项符合语境, 故选C。
⑤G根据句式结构可知, 此空选G和后一句构成递进。
17、答案：C
解析：根据下文的“and this year the ______ has gone up to 61”可知, 去年, Gwen Erickson 成功养活了27只蝴蝶。故此处应填managed。
18、答案：A
解析：根据本空前的“raise 27 butterflies”可知, 此处是说蝴蝶的数量(number)增加到了61只。
19、答案：D
解析：—些人认为应让自然去维持(sustain)其自身的运转, 不应人为地干涉。
20、答案：B
解析：根据文章首句中的“one of America’s most popular, yet endangered, butterflies —the Monarch”可知, 这种蝴蝶的数量正在迅速减少(declining)。
21、答案：C
解析：值得庆幸的是(Thankfully), 这种爱和奉献正是这位97岁的老人能够给予她的蝴蝶朋友们的。
22、答案：A
解析：参见上题解析。
23、答案：D
解析：根据下文“A fortnight later the beautiful butterfly ______”可知, 整个过程有点耗时(time-consuming)。
24、答案：B
解析：根据语境可知, 这里是指毛毛虫最终破“蛹”而出, 化为美丽的蝴蝶。turn up意为“出现”, 符合语境。
25、答案：D
解析：根据下文的“by flying around the house”可知, 在Erickson将她所养的帝王蝶放飞之后, 有一些似乎有 点不愿意(unwilling)离开。
26、答案：A
解析：那些不愿离开的帝王蝶一直绕着Erickson的房子飞舞, 陪伴着(accompanied)它们的“恩人”。
27、答案：C
解析：根据本空后的“her first attempt to raise the butterflies”可知, 这里是指 Erickson 回忆(recalling)她第一次试着去养帝王蝶时的情形。
28、答案：B
解析：根据空后内容可推知, 最初Erickson试着去养帝王蝶是希望她的孙辈们能够对这一美丽的物种产生(develop)兴趣。
29、答案：D
解析：根据语境可知, 空格前后句在内容上是转折关系, 故此处应填表示转折的However。
30、答案：B
解析：通常Erickson不喜欢谈论自己和她所做的事情, 但她现在这么做了, 是希望能够鼓励(encourage)其他 人一起来关注这一濒临灭绝的物种。
31、答案：A
解析：此处指她喜欢做的事, 即拯救帝王蝶。
32、答案：C
解析：根据本空前的“hopefully”以及上文的“Last year the grandmother to raise 27 butterflies and this year the ______ has gone up to 61. ”可知, 经过人们的努力拯救, 这一正在急剧减少的物种的数量有望出现变化（change)。
33、答案：A
解析：本空后的“started so late in life”与文章的首句相呼应, 由此可知, 此处指Erickson养帝王蝶这一爱好 (hobby)。
34、答案：D
解析：这一特殊爱好是人类关爱(caring for)生活中的小东西的美好事例。
35、答案：B
解析：老太太在九十七岁的高龄还在为拯救帝王蝶这一濒危物种忙碌, 这是有目标的(purposeful)生活的体现。所以, Erickson的举动也提醒(reminds)我们, 为了目标而努力多晚都不迟。
36、答案：D
解析：参见上题解析。
37、答案：①in②their③personally④written⑤introduction⑥whose⑦to go⑧has been⑨and⑩completing
解析：本文是一篇说明文。在美国, 高中生会在一月结束大学申请, 但疫情改变了他们的申请方式。
①in考查介词。take part后有宾语时, 需用介词in。
②their考查代词。此处应用形容词性物主代词修饰college application。
③personally考查副词。空格中所填词修饰动词talk, 故应填副词形式。
④written考查非谓语动词。此处为过去分词作定语, 修饰名词applications, 意为“书面的”。
⑤introduction考查词性转换。此处应用名词作宾语, 故填introduction。
⑥whose考查定语从句。分析句子结构可知, 此处缺少关系词, 先行词是One student, 关系词在定语从句中 充当定语, 故填whose。
⑦to go考查非谓语动词。be eager to do sth.表示“渴望做某事”。
⑧has been考查时态。根据时间状语“over the last 10 months”可知, 该句应用现在完成时。
⑨and考查连词。此处表示并列关系, 故用连词and。
⑩completing考查非谓语动词。介词后应用动词-ing形式作宾语, 故填completing。
38、答案：
Madison Glinski was very kind. She started to play the violin when she was 4 old. Last, year, Madison a New Year’s resolution(正式决定) to help poor children. She decided try to raise 500 for a children's hospital. At first she just had her violin case open for donations. Then she made a sign that she was doing it for poor children. After the sign was made, more and more people gave their money away. Sometimes people left 20, was astonishing. Madison also raised money by selling own toys. Madison had a special passion for helping . Though she had only a small amount of money, Madison bought lots of toys, shoes and clothes for the poor children Africa.
解析：（1）考查名词复数。句意：她4岁时开始拉小提琴。year是可数名词，前面有基数词4，应用名词复数形式。故year改为years。
（2）考查动词时态。句意：去年，麦迪逊制定了帮助贫困儿童的新年决心。根据Last year可知，此处陈述过去发生的事情，应用一般过去时。故makes改为made。
（3）考查不定式。句意：她决定设法为一家儿童医院筹集500英镑。固定搭配decide to do sth."决定做某事"，不定式作宾语。故decided后加to。
（4）考查介词短语。句意：起初，她只是打开小提琴盒接受捐赠。介词短语at first"起初"，冠词the多余。故删除the。
（5）考查现在分词。句意：然后她做了一个牌子，写着她这样做是为了贫穷的孩子。say与sign是逻辑主谓关系，应用现在分词，作后置定语。故say改为saying。
（6）考查形容词。句意：这个牌子制作出来后，越来越多的慷慨的人把钱捐出去。此处修饰名词people，应用形容词generous"慷慨的"，作定语。故generously改为generous。
（7）考查定语从句。句意：有时人们会留下20英镑，这让人吃惊。此处是非限定定语从句，关系词指代前面句子陈述的内容，在从句中作主语，应用关系代词which引导，that不能引导非限定性定语从句。故that改为which。
（8）考查代词。句意：麦迪逊还通过出售自己的玩具来筹集资金。根据语境可知，Madison是个女孩，应用代词her。故his改为her。
（9）考查代词。句意：麦迪逊对帮助他人有着特殊的热情。此处表示"其他人"，应用代词others。故other改为others。
（10）考查介词。句意：虽然她只有很少的钱，麦迪逊买了很多玩具，鞋子和衣服在非洲的贫困儿童。此处表示"在非洲"，应用介词in。故on改为in。
39、答案：
Dear Sir or Madam,
I’m Li Hua. Having learned that a tour guide is needed for the Hangzhou segment of the Grand Canal visit organized for exchange students to be familiar with China and Chinese culture, I’m writing to apply for the position. The reasons why I am qualified for the position are as follows.
First of all, my spoken English is very fluent. With a one-year experience as an exchange student in America, I can communicate well with foreigners. What’s more, I have a lot of knowledge about the Beijing- Hangzhou Grand Canal, including its construction age, main functions and present state. So, I can give students a more detailed introduction to this magnificent canal.
I’d appreciate it if you could take my application into account. I’m looking forward to your early reply.
Yours,
Li Hua
解析：
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