高中试卷答案网广东省东莞市2022-2023学年高二下学期期末质量检查英语试题
一、第二部分，阅读理解，第一节（共10小题；每小题2.5分，满分25分）
阅读理解
Henry Max was born in Houston, Texas in 1915. While growing up, he became known as Red Max because his hair was bright red. The color became a trademark for him. He was famous for putting out dangerous oil well fires around the world.
During World War II, Max served on a trained army team that removed and destroyed bombs. After the war, he returned to Houston and Max started his own company. His job was putting out fires in oil wells.
Putting out oil well fires can be difficult. This is because oil well fires are extinguished, or put out, at the wellhead just above ground. Normally, explosives are used to stop the fire from burning. The explosion robs the fire of oxygen. But, once the fire is out, the well still needs to be covered, or capped, to stop the flow of oil. This is the most dangerous part of the process. Any new heat or fire could cause the leaking well and the surrounding area to explode.
In 1988, Max fought what was possibly the world's worst off-shore accident. It was at the Piper Alpha drilling structure in the North Sea. The structure produced oil and gas from 24 wells. 167 local people were killed when the structure exploded after a gas leak. Red Max had to stop the fires and cap the wells. He faced winds blowing more than 120 kilometers an hour, and ocean waves at least 20 meters high.
The Red Max Company capped more than 100 wells. The crews put out about 700 fires, which saved millions of barrels of oil.
1．What made Red Max well known internationally
A．His job. B．His character.
C．His birthplace. D．His hair.
2．How do people usually put out fire in oil wells
A．By army. B．By covering.
C．By leaking oil. D．By explosives.
3．What do we know about the fire at the Piper Alpha drilling structure in 1988
A．It was caused by a gas leak.
B．167 of Max's members were killed.
C．It was the world's worst accident.
D．Ocean waves stopped the rescue work
阅读理解
The forest was full of shadows as Sylvie hurried through it one summer evening in Dune. The child hurried the cow through the dark forest to her grandmother's home.
Suddenly the air was cut by a sharp whistle not far away. Sylvie knew it wasn't a friendly bird's whistle. She hid in some bushes. But she was too late.
"Hello, little girl," a young man called out cheerfully. "I've lost my way. Can I spend the night at your house " he asked.
Sylvie didn't answer. The stranger began walking with Sylvie as she followed her cow through the forest. She was glad when she could see her grandmother standing near the farm house. The stranger explained his problem to Sylvie's grandmother.
"Of course you can stay with us." she said. The young man explained he was a scientist, who collected birds.
"Do you put them in a cage " Sylvie asked.
"No," he answered slowly, "I shoot them and preserve them with special chemicals."
"I've been looking for a white heron (苍鹭),"he said, "It's a very rare white bird."
But Sylvie's heart began to beat fast. She knew that strange white bird! Early the next morning, she quietly hurried through the forest. She finally reached a huge pine tree, and climbed to the top. Sylvie's bare feet and tiny fingers grabbed the tree's rough trunk. Sharp dry branches scratched her like cat's claws.
Suddenly, a bird with broad white wings landed on a pine branch next to her. The white heron smoothed its feathers and called to its mate. She knew the wild bird's secret now.
Were the birds better friends than their hunters Who can know
4．What made Sylvie hide in some bushes
A．A young man. B．A missing cow.
C．A sharp whistle. D．An unfriendly bird.
5．Why did Sylvie's heart begin to beat fast
A．She was scared by the young man.
B．The white heron might be in danger.
C．She was familiar with that white heron.
D．The man would spend a night with them.
6．What may be the most possible ending of the story
A．The young man killed the white heron.
B．Sylvie kept the secret of the white heron.
C．Sylvie and the scientist became good friends.
D．The young man knew where the white heron was.
阅读理解
Just a year ago, Sarah fulfilled the dream of owning her own bakery, which was very popular in the local and provided a well-off life for Sarah and her family. But last February all fell apart, after a car accident left Sarah disabled. "I could barely talk or move," she sobbed.
Darkness and depression drowned Sarah, help seemed out of reach； she couldn't afford a psychologist. Even worse, she had no health insurance.
So her doctor suggested a mental-health app which offers free chatbot service. It is described as a "friendly" and "mental" tool, asking the patient some questions, like "How are you feeling " or "What's bothering you " After the patient responds to the questions, the computer analyzes the words and phrases in the answers, and then delivers supportive messages which have been prewritten by trained human psychologists.
That is how Sarah found herself on a new frontier of technology and mental health Advances in artificial intelligence are increasingly being looked to as a way to help people who suffer from mild depression or anxiety.
There are, of course, still plenty of doubts about whether machines can read or respond to the human emotions accurately. "Artificial intelligence is still not at a point where they can copy the complexities of human emotions, let alone imitate mental care," a psychology professor in a mental health center said.
However, supporters of chatbot treatment say the approach may also be the only realistic and affordable way. It meets a huge worldwide need for more mental health care at a time when there are simply not enough professionals to help all the people who could benefit.
7．What can we know about Sarah from the first two paragraphs
A．Her family fell apart in an accident.
B．She was nearly drowned in an accident.
C．She suffered a series of misfortunes then.
D．Her dream came true despite an accident.
8．How does the chatbot work according to the passage
A．It answers personal questions.
B．It offers free face-to-face service.
C．It treats patients with medical care.
D．It stores related messages in advance.
9．Why do people doubt about the chatbot
A．It is unable to respond to human emotions.
B．It may not react to human emotions correctly.
C．It copies the complexities of human emotions.
D．It imitates mental care from human psychologists.
10．Which of the following may be the purpose of this passage
A．To introduce a free mental-care chatbot.
B．To encourage readers to learn from Sarah.
C．To suggest a new way to do mental research.
D．To call for more attention on mental health care.
二、第二部分，阅读理解，第二节（共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分）
阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。选项中有两项为多余选项。
How Can Teens Volunteer in the Communities
Encouraging teens to volunteer in the community has lasting rewards, including increased self-confidence and a sense of belonging. 11．
●Community Service
Teens can volunteer at museums, parks and stations. They can also visit the elderly in nursing homes to provide companionship to people who might not have been visited by family or friends in a while. Organizations differ on their standards for teen volunteers. 12．
●Environmental Cleanup
13． They can just get into their neighborhood and help clean it up. Teens can help beautify their neighborhood by picking up trash, planting flowers or stating a community garden. Teens can also start recycling projects, and encourage their neighbors to participate in efforts to clean up the environment and live a more sustainable lifestyle.
●Tutoring
Teens who want to help in their communities can volunteer by tutoring others. They can participate in peer tutoring at their school, or offer their services at a local library. 14． Language tutoring provided by companies usually charge a great deal for their services, so immigrants of the community will be especially grateful to receive free tutoring.
15． It also helps teens expand their mind, look good on college and job applications, and find potential career paths.
A. Many communities offer service programs.
B. Teens don't have to join formal organizations.
C. Here are common ways for teens to help the communities.
D. So check with them first to find out different requirements.
E. Volunteering allows teens to have a positive influence on others.
F. They can persuade the immigrants to join in some volunteering activities.
G. Teens can also reach out to immigrants whose first language isn't English.
三、第三部分，语言知识运用，第一节，完形填空（共15小题；每小题1.5分，满分22.5分）
阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的四个选项（A、B、C和D）中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
Nicole Edna walked onto the crowded airplane holding her tiny baby, the kind who cried for the entire flight. She was afraid she would be the least 16． passenger. And that was before her baby got sick and vomited (呕吐) all over her 17． and seat cushion. "I was afraid that they would have to bring the plane back to replace the seat and seat belt, and everyone would 18． me," she later wrote in the social media.
But a simple act of kindness soon 19． her day, and then some. An airline hostess not only helped Edna by holding and 20． her baby but also lent a pair of yoga pants to the 21． mother to change into. Besides, she gave her several packs of tissues to clear up the mess. "I 22． believe that what she has done reflects our great virtue and I wish her all the best in the rest of her life," Edna wrote.
Bitten by the kindness bug, Edna 23． her story and asked others to share their own tales of 24． kindness in the social media. Those appreciations, 25． , inspired others to respond with more personal 26． , as well as with simple notes of support and gratitude. The result is a 27． dialogue for our times, which is a new change from the common idea that our online 28． tend to be ruined by mean and angry voices. In this story, niceness 29． . The power of unexpected kind acts does make a 30． in the world.
16．A． welcome B． patient C． reliable D． independent
17．A． bag B． table C． pants D． shoes
18．A． help B． spot C． beg D． blame
19．A． saved B． took C． began D． lost
20．A． shaking B． comforting C． kissing D． pressing
21．A． excited B． impolite C． satisfied D． exhausted
22．A． nearly B． obviously C． firmly D． blindly
23．A． posted B． downloaded C． withdrew D． read
24．A． popular B． unexpected C． romantic D． regular
25．A． at most B． in turn C． at ease D． in detail
26．A． items B． growth C． stories D． wealth
27．A． wonderful B． private C． formal D． fluent
28．A． lessons B． surveys
C． meetings D． conversations
29．A． hides B． lies C． wins D． changes
30．A． promise B． deal C． mess D． difference
四、第三部分，语言知识运用，第二节，语法填空，根据句子结构的语法性，在下面空格处填入一个适当的词或使用括号中所给词的适当形式填空（共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分）
31． Club members usually gather at the court and play tennis a weekly basis.
32． The picture drawn by Qi Baishi is just one of the treasures in their (possess).
33． A nearby volcano erupted (violent), sending out a hail of molten rock and boiling mud.
34． I have a fever and I have make appointment with my doctor tomorrow.
35． The participants are waiting anxiously, and the final result of the drama competition (declare) in 30 minutes.
36． These singers, some of are popular with young students, will join the contest.
37． (acquire) the advanced technology, the engineers make full use of every chance available.
38． In the freshman year, it took Adam some time he got everything ready for his further study.
39．After a whole day's work, Luke (drag) his tired body home and then had a rest.
40． David considers necessary for a language learner to practise listening and speaking every day.
五、第四部分，写作，第一节，句子考查，根据下面各个句子的要求，完成、改写或翻译句子。（第51～55小题每空0.5分，第56～58小题每题3分，满分15分）（共三节，满分55分）
41． In 2021, my father retired and I (接管) the company from him as general manager.
42． The human mind (优越于) machines because machines are only tools of mankind.
43．Cuba is a warm country. It is known for its exciting music and dancing. (用分词合并句子)
Cuba is a warm country its exciting music and dancing.
44． He adjusted his life goal only after he discovered his personal interests. (用倒装句改写)
Only after he discovered his personal interests he his life goal.
45． The nursery rhyme has become a hit because it has a lovely rhythm. (用从句改写)
The reason the nursery rhyme has become a hit it has a lovely rhythm.
46． I didn't realize the importance of doing sports until I visited the exhibition. (用强调句改写)
47． The hero's tales have inspired many explorers to search for sea routes. (用被动语态改写)
48． 他在环境保护方面做出了巨大的贡献，这值得我们尊重。 (用非限制性定语从句翻译句子)
六、第四部分，写作，第二节，应用文写作（满分15分）
49．劳动是我国的传统美德。假定你是李华，你校将举办劳动教育活动周，请以"Labor - A Traditional Virtue"为主题，写一篇演讲稿，内容包括：
1. 一次劳动体验；
2. 你对劳动的理解。
注意：1. 写作词数应为80左右；
2. 请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
Good morning, everyone.
七、第四部分，写作，第三节 读后续写（满分25分）
50． 阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。
Jack was a hardworking student. By the middle of seventh grade, he was one of the top kids at school. He was attentive in class, did all his homework and felt good about himself. So he hadn't been too concerned when he was about to study in senior high school.
Right before the first day of senior high school, Dad sat him down at the dining table and had a serious talk with him. They talked about college. Specifically, Dad told Jack that college was expensive. College cost more money than a year's rent on their apartment. College cost more money than either Dad or Mom made in a year.
Jack didn't understand why anyone would want to go to college if it cost that much. Dad explained that not everyone paid that much. Some students, as Dad said, who worked very hard and got good grades, paid less or paid nothing at all to go to college. It was called a scholarship. Jack's eyes were wide open when he heard about this. Jack nodded, promising his dad that he would work harder and get a scholarship.
Just then, Mom walked in. "You are scaring him," she said, "Relax, son. Just do your best. Don't put too much pressure on yourself."
Dad shook his head, "That's not enough. He needs to make sure he has options in the future."
"Of course, he will," Mom said, "As long as he tries his best, he'll have a good future."
Even though Jack knew what his mom was trying to say, he still decided that he wanted to give it a try. If he tried his best, if he worked hard enough in senior high school, then he could get into college without having to pay a ton of money. That night, he promised himself that he would try to get a scholarship.
注意：1. 续写词数应为150左右；2. 请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
After high school started, however, things didn't go easily as expected.
……
Seeing the disappointment on his face, Dad and Mom sat him down again.
答案解析部分
【答案】1．A
2．D
3．A
【知识点】细节理解题；人物传记类；记叙文
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇记叙文，讲述了因扑灭世界各地危险的油井火灾而闻名的Henry Max。
【点评】考查阅读理解，包含细节理解题，是一篇人物类阅读，注意先略读文章，掌握文章大意，再分析题干及选项，到文中找到相关内容并进行理解。
1．考查细节理解。根据第一段中的" He was famous for putting out dangerous oil well fires around the world. "他因扑灭世界各地危险的油井火灾而闻名；以及第二段中的"His job was putting out fires in oil wells."他的工作是扑灭油井的大火。可知，Red Maxwell是因其工作而闻名世界，故选A。
2．考查细节理解。根据第三段中的"Normally, explosives are used to stop the fire from burning. The explosion robs the fire of oxygen."通常情况下，炸药是用来灭火的。爆炸使火中的氧气消失。可知，人们通常使用炸药来扑灭油井中的火。故选D。
3．考查细节理解。根据第四段中的" 167 local people were killed when the structure exploded after a gas leak. "建筑因油气泄漏而爆炸，造成167名当地居民死亡，可知，北海的Piper Alpha钻井结构大火是因油气泄漏爆炸而引|起的，故选A。
【答案】4．C
5．B
6．B
【知识点】推理判断题；细节理解题；故事阅读类；记叙文
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇记叙文，讲述了一个小女孩为了保护白苍鹭没有告诉给猎鸟者那只白苍鹭的行踪，让白苍鹭自由生活的故事。
【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解和推理判断两个题型的考查，是一篇故事类阅读，考生需要准确捕捉细节信息，并根据上下文进行逻辑推理，从而选出正确答案。
4．考查细节理解。根据第二段中的" Suddenly the air was cut by a sharp whistle not far away. Sylvie knew it wasn't a friendly bird's whistle. She hid in some bushes. "突然，不远处一阵尖锐的哨声划破了空气。Sylvie 知道那不是友好的鸟哨。她躲在灌木丛里)"可知，使西尔维躲在灌木丛里的是一声尖锐的哨声。故选C。
5．考查推理判断。根据第七段"‘No,' he answered slowly, ‘I shoot them and preserve them with special chemicals.'""不，"他慢慢地回答,"我射杀它们，用特殊的化学物质保存它们。"；第八段"‘T've been looking for a white heron (苍鹭),'he said,‘It's a very rare white bird.'""我一直在找白鹭，"他说，"这是一种非常罕见的白鸟"；以及第九段中的"But Sylvie's heart began to beat fast. She knew that strange white bird! "但是Sylvie的心开始加速跳动。她认识那只奇怪的白鸟!。可知，猎人在寻找并捕猎非常罕见的白鹭，Sylvie知道这只鸟，因此西尔维的心开始加速跳动，因为猎人可能逮到它，白鸳可能有危险。故选B。
6．考查推理判断。根据倒数第二段"Suddenly, a bird with broad white wings landed on a pine branch next to her. The white heron smoothed its feathers and called to its mate. She knew the wild bird's secret now."突然，一只长着宽大白色翅膀的鸟落在她旁边的一根松枝上。白鹭抚平羽毛，向它的伴侣呼唤。她现在知道了野鸟的秘密；以及最后一段" Were the birds better friends than their hunters Who can know "鸟儿的朋友比它们的猎人好吗 谁知道呢 可知，小女孩选择了鸟作朋友，没打算告诉年轻人白鹭的秘密，所以这个故事最有可能的结局是西尔维保守着白鹭的秘密。故选B。
【答案】7．C
8．D
9．B
10．D
【知识点】推理判断题；细节理解题；说明文；科普类
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文，通过 Sarah 的例子介绍了一款提供免费聊天机器人服务，以及聊天机器人的工作方式以及人们对此的看法。
【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解和推理判断两个题型的考查，是一篇科技类阅读，通读全文，理解文章大意，阅读题目后返回原文阅读并找出与题目相对应的内容，仔细核对，选择符合原文原意的答案，完成后再次阅读并检查。
7．考查细节理解。根据第一段中的" But last February all fell apart, after a car accident left Sarah disabled.‘I could barely talk or move,' she sobbed."但去年2月，一场车祸使Sarah残疾，一切都崩溃了。"我几乎不能说话或移动，"她抽泣着说；以及第二段"Darkness and depression drowned Sarah, help seemed out of reach； she couldn't afford a psychologist. Even worse, she had no health insurance."黑暗和沮丧淹没了Sarah,救援似乎遥不可及；她请不起心理医生。更糟糕的是，她没有医疗保险。可知，Sarah遭受了一连串的不幸。故选C。
8．考查细节理解。根据第三段"So her doctor suggested a mental-health app which offers free chatbot service. It is described as a ‘friendly' and‘mental' tool, asking the patient some questions, like ‘How are you feeling ' or ‘What's bothering you ' After the patient responds to the questions, the computer analyzes the words and phrases in the answers, and then delivers supportive messages which have been prewritten by trained human psychologists."因此，她的医生建议她使用一款提供免费聊天机器人服务的心理健康应用。它被描述为一种"友好"和"精神"的工具，会问病人一些问题，比如"你感觉怎么样 "或者"你在烦恼什么 "在患者回答问题后，计算机分析答案中的单词和短语，然后传递由训练有素的人类心理学家预先编写的支持信息。可知，聊天机器人通过预先存储相关信息工作。故选D。
9．考查推理判断。根据倒数第二段中的"‘Artificial intelligence is still not at a point where they can copy the complexities of human emotions, let alone imitate mental care,' a psychology professor in a mental health center said."一位心理健康中心的心理学教授说:"人工智能还没有达到能够复制人类复杂情感的程度，更不用说模仿心理护理了。"可知，人们会怀疑聊天机器人是因为它可能无法对，人类的情绪做出正确的反应。故选B。
10．考查推理判断。根据第三段中的" So her doctor suggested a mental-health app which offers free chatbot service. "因此,她的医生建议她使用一款提供免费聊天机器人服务的心理健康应用；结合文章通过 Sarah 的例子介绍了一款提供免费聊天机器人服务,以及聊天机器人的工作方式以及人们对此的看法。可推知，这篇文章的目的是介绍一个免费的心理护理聊天机器人。故选A。
【答案】11．C；12．D；13．B；14．G；15．E
【知识点】说明文；七选五；日常生活类
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文，列举了一些青少年帮助社区的常见方法。
【点评】考查七选五，本文是一篇生活类阅读，要求在理解细节信息的基础上，着重考查对上下文的理解和推理判断能力。
11．根据空前"Encouraging teens to volunteer in the community has lasting rewards, including increased self-confidence and a sense of belonging."鼓励青少年在社区做志愿者会有持久的回报，包括增强自信心和归属感；结合后文列举了一些青少年帮助社区的方法。 C. Here are common ways for teens to help the communities. "这里有一些青少年帮助社区的常见方法"符合语境，有承上启下的作用。故选C。
12．根据空前"Teens can volunteer at museums, parks and stations. They can also visit the elderly in nursing homes to provide companionship to people who might not have been visited by family or friends in a while. Organizations differ on their standards for teen volunteers."青少年可以在博物馆、公园和车站做志愿者。他们还可以拜访养老院的老人，为那些可能有一段时间没有家人或朋友拜访的人提供陪伴。各组织对青少年志愿者的标准各不相同。可知，上文提到了各组织对青少年志愿者的标准各不相同，本句为本段最后一句，应说明所以先和他们核实一下，找出不同的要求。 D. So check with them first to find out different requirements. "所以先和他们核实一下，找出不同的要求"符合语境，故选D。
13．根据空后"They can just get into their neighborhood and help clean it up. Teens can help beautify their neighborhood by picking up trash, planting flowers or starting a community garden. Teens can also start recycling projects, and encourage their neighbors to participate in efforts to clean up the environment and live a more sustainable lifestyle."他们可以进入他们的社区，帮助清理。青少年可以通过捡垃圾、种花或开辟社区花园来帮助美化他们的社区。青少年也可以开始回收项目，并鼓励他们的邻居参与到清洁环境的努力中来，过上更可持续的生活方式。可知，后文提到了通过进入社区和开始回收项目来帮助清理，说明不必加入太正式的组织， B. Teens don't have to join formal organizations. "青少年不必参加正式的组织"符合语境，故选B。
14．根据空前"Teens who want to help in their communities can volunteer by tutoring others. They can participate in peer tutoring at their school, or offer their services at a local library."想要在社区中提供帮助的青少年可以通过辅导他人来做志愿者。他们可以参加学校的同伴辅导，或者在当地图书馆提供服务；以及空后"Language tutoring provided by companies usually charge a great deal for their services, so immigrants of the community will be especially grateful to receive free tutoring."公司提供的语言辅导通常收费很高，所以社区的移民会特别感激得到免费的辅导。可知，本句是在说明志愿者可以为移民提供语言辅导， G. Teens can also reach out to immigrants whose first language isn't English. "青少年也可以向母语不是英语的移民伸出援手"符合语境，故选G。
15．根据空前"Language tutoring provided by companies usually charge a great deal for their services, so immigrants of the community will be especially grateful to receive free tutoring."公司提供的语言辅导通常收费很高，所以社区的移民会特别感激得到免费的辅导；以及空后文"It also helps teens expand their mind, look good on college and job applications, and find potential career paths."它还能帮助青少年拓展思维，在大学和工作申请中表现得更好，并找到潜在的职业道路。可知，本句是在说明志愿活动对青少年的好处， E. Volunteering allows teens to have a positive influence on others. "志愿活动可以让青少年对他人产生积极的影响"符合语境，故选E。
【答案】16．A；17．C；18．D；19．A；20．B；21．D；22．C；23．A；24．B；25．B；26．C；27．A；28．D；29．C；30．D
【知识点】故事阅读类；记叙文
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇记叙文，讲述了一位空姐帮助乘客Nicole Edna照顾孩子，清理呕吐物的善行。
【点评】考查完形填空，本题考点涉及动词，名词，形容词，副词，固定短语等多个知识点的考查，是一篇故事类阅读，要求考生在理解细节信息的基础上，进一步根据上下文的逻辑关系，进行分析推理，从而选出正确答案。
16．句意：她担心自己会是最不受欢迎的乘客。A.welcome"受欢迎的"；B.patient"耐心的"；C. reliable "可靠的"；D.independent"独立的"。根据下文"her baby got sick and vomited （呕吐） all over her 2 and seat cushion"可知，因为她孩子吐在了座位垫子上，所以她担心自己会是最不受欢迎的乘客。故选A。
17．句意：那是在她的孩子生病呕吐在她的裤子和坐垫上之前。A.bag"包"；B.table"桌子"；C.pants "裤子"；D.shoes"鞋"。根据下文"lent a pair of yoga pants"可知，后来乘务人员借裤子给她，说明孩子吐在她裤子上了。故选C。
18．句意：我担心他们不得不把飞机带回来更换座椅和安全带，每个人都会责怪我。A.help"帮助"；B.spot"发现"；C.beg"乞求"；D.blame"责备"。根据空前"I was afraid that they would have to bring the plane back to replace the seat and seat belt"可知我害怕他们要把飞机开回来更换座位和安全带，说明所有人都会责怪我。故答案为D。
19．句意：但一个简单的善举很快就挽救了她的一天。A.saved"救"；B.took"拿走"；C.began"开始"；D.lost"丢失"。根据下文"An airline hostess not only helped Edna by holding and 5 her baby but also lent a pair of yoga pants to the 6 mother to change into"可知，一位乘务员帮助她，所以是挽救了她的一天。故选A。
20．句意：一位空姐不仅帮助Edna抱着她的孩子，安慰她，还借给这位疲惫的妈妈一条瑜伽裤让她换上。A.shaking"摇晃"；B.comforting"安慰"；C. kissing "吻"；D. pressing "按，压"。根据上文额"her tiny baby，the kind who cried for the whole flight"可知，她的孩子哭，所以空姐帮忙安慰孩子。故选B。
21．句意：一位空姐不仅帮助Edna抱着她的孩子，安慰她，还借给这位疲惫的妈妈一条瑜伽裤让她换上。A. excited "激动的"；B.impolite"不礼貌的"；C.satisfied"满意的"；D. exhausted"累的。精疲力尽的"。根据上文"her tiny baby，the kind who cried for the whole flight"可知，她的孩子哭很久，所以这位妈妈肯定觉得很累。故选D。
22．句意：Edna写道："我坚信她所做的一切反映了我们伟大的美德，我祝愿她在余生中一切顺利。"A.nearly"将近"；B.obviously"显然"；C.firmly"坚定地"；D. blindly "盲目地"。根据空后"believe that what she has done reflects our great virtue"可知，Edna坚信空姐所做的一切反映了我们伟大的美德，空格处意为"坚定地"。故选C。
23．句意：Edna热衷于行善，她在社交媒体上发布了自己的故事，并要求其他人分享自己意想不到的善举。A.posted"发帖子"；B.downloaded"下载"；C. withdrew "撤退"；D. read "读"。根据空后"in the social media"可知，她在网上发帖。故选A。
24．句意：Edna热衷于行善，她在社交媒体上发布了自己的故事，并要求其他人分享自己意想不到的善举。A.popular"流行的"；B.unexpected"出乎意料的"；C.romantic"浪漫的"；D.regular"有规律的"。根据上文"An airline hostess not only helped Edna by holding and 5 her baby but also lent a pair of yoga pants to the 6 mother to change into.Besides，she gave her several packs of tissues to clear up the mess"可知，空姐的善行是作为乘客的Edna没有料到的，最后一段的"unexpected kind acts"也是提示。故选B。
25．句意：这些赞赏反过来又激励其他人用更多的个人故事以及简单的支持和感激的音符来回应。A.at most"最多"；B.in turn"依次，轮流"；C. at ease "舒适地"；D.in detail"详细地"。根据空后"inspired others to respond with more personal 11 well as with simple notes of support and gratitude"可知，这些赞赏又反过来激励其他人。故选B。
26．句意：这些赞赏反过来又激励其他人用更多的个人故事以及简单的支持和感激的音符来回应。A.items"项目"；B.growth"成长"；C.stories"故事"；D. wealth "健康"。根据上文"asked others to share their own tales of 9 kindness in the social media"可知，此处应该是说Edna叫其他人也分享自己的故事。故选C。
27．句意：结果是我们这个时代的精彩对话，这是一个从我们的网络对话往往被卑鄙和愤怒的声音破坏的普遍观念的新的变化。A.wonderful"极好的"；B.private"私下的"；C.formal"正式的"；D.fluent"流利的"。根据空后"which is a new change from the common idea that our online 13 tend to be ruined by mean and angry voices"可知，这会带来一些观念上的变化，是我们这个时代的一个很好的对话。故选A。
28．句意：结果是我们这个时代的精彩对话，这是一个从我们的网络对话往往被卑鄙和愤怒的声音破坏的普遍观念的新的变化。A. lessons"课"；B.surveys"调查"；C.meetings"会议"；D.conversations"对话"。根据空前"dialogue for our times"可知，这是一个从我们的网络对话往往被卑鄙和愤怒的声音破坏的普遍观念的新的变化。故选D。
29．句意：在这个故事中，善良获胜。A.hides"躲藏"；B. lies "在于"；C.wins"赢"；D.changes "改变"。根据上文"But a simple act of kindness soon 4 her day，and then some"可知，空姐的善良救了Edna的一天，所以在这个故事中，善良获胜了。故选C。
30．句意：意想不到的善意行为的力量确实会改变世界。A.promise"承诺"；B.deal"交易"；C.mess"杂乱"；D.difference"不同"。根据上文"But a simple act of kindness soon 4 her day，and then some"可知，善良的行为挽救了Edna的一天，所以是改变世界的一种力量。故选D。
31．【答案】on
【知识点】固定短语；简单介词
【解析】【分析】句意：俱乐部成员通常每周都会聚集在球场上打网球。on a weekly basis固定短语，"每周一次"，故填on。
【点评】考查介词，以及固定短语on a weekly basis。
32．【答案】possessions
【知识点】可数名词
【解析】【分析】句意：齐白石画的这幅画只是他们家中的一件珍品。此处名词作介词宾语， possess "拥有"，动词，其名词"财产"应用 possession ，常用复数形式，故填 possessions 。
【点评】考查名词，本题涉及名词作介词宾语。
33．【答案】violently
【知识点】副词的用法
【解析】【分析】句意：附近的一座火山猛烈喷发，喷出熔岩和沸腾的泥浆。此处副词作状语， violent "猛烈的，剧烈的"，形容词，其副词"猛烈地，剧烈地"，应用 violently ，修饰动词 erupted ，故填 violently。
【点评】考查副词，本题涉及副词修饰谓语动词。
34．【答案】an
【知识点】固定短语；不定冠词
【解析】【分析】句意：我发烧了，明天我得预约医生。此处是泛指，应用不定冠词，make an appointment with固定短语，"与......有约定"，故填an。
【点评】考查冠词，以及固定短语make an appointment with。
35．【答案】will be declared
【知识点】动词的语态；一般将来时
【解析】【分析】句意：参赛者焦急地等待着，戏剧比赛的最终结果将在30分钟后揭晓。此处是谓语动词，与主语 the final result of the drama competition 是被动关系，应用被动语态，结合时间状语 in 30 minutes "30分钟后"，可知应用一般将来时，故填 will be declared 。
【点评】考查时态语态，本题涉及一般将来时的被动语态。
36．【答案】whom
【知识点】“介词关系代词（which/whom)”引导定语从句的用法
【解析】【分析】句意：这些歌手，其中一些深受年轻学生欢迎，将参加比赛。 some of are popular with young students是非限制性定语从句，修饰先行词 These singers ，在从句中作介词of的宾语，应用关系代词whom，故填whom。
【点评】考查定语从句，本题涉及关系代词whom引导的非限制性定语从句。
37．【答案】To acquire
【知识点】动词不定式
【解析】【分析】句意：为了获得先进的技术，工程师们充分利用一切可能的机会。此处不定式作目的状语，位于句首，首字母大写，故填 To acquire 。
【点评】考查非谓语动词，本题涉及不定式作目的状语。
38．【答案】before
【知识点】时间状语从句
【解析】【分析】句意：在大一的时候，亚当花了一段时间才为进一步学习做好一切准备。 he got everything ready for his further study 是时间状语从句，结合句意，应用before引导，故填 before 。
【点评】考查状语从句，本题涉及before引导的时间状语从句。
39．【答案】dragged
【知识点】一般过去时
【解析】【分析】句意：经过一整天的工作，卢克拖着疲惫的身体回家，然后休息了一下。此处是谓语动词，与 had a rest 并列，应用一般过去时，故填 dragged 。
【点评】考查时态，本题涉及一般过去时。
40．【答案】it
【知识点】it的用法
【解析】【分析】句意：大卫认为语言学习者每天练习听和说是必要的。此处it作形式宾语，不定式 to practise listening and speaking every day作真正的宾语，故填it。
【点评】考查代词，本题涉及it作形式宾语。
41．【答案】took；over
【知识点】固定短语；一般过去时；汉译英
【解析】【分析】句意：2021年，我父亲退休，我接替他担任公司总经理。" 接管 "应用动词短语take over，是谓语动词，结合 my father retired ，可知应用一般过去时，故填took；over。
【点评】考查汉译英，本题涉及一般过去时以及固定短语take over。
42．【答案】is；superior；to
【知识点】固定短语；一般现在时；汉译英
【解析】【分析】句意：人类的头脑比机器优越，因为机器只是人类的工具。" 优越于 "应用动词短语be superior to，是谓语动词，结合原因状语从句 because machines are only tools of mankind 的时态，应用一般现在时，故填is；superior；to。
【点评】考查汉译英，本题涉及一般现在时以及固定短语be superior to。
43．【答案】known；for
【知识点】动词过去分词
【解析】【分析】句意：古巴是一个温暖的国家，以其激动人心的音乐和舞蹈而闻名。根据原句和设空在名词country之后，此处可用过去分词known for合并句子，作后置定语，表示"以....而闻名"，故填known for。
【点评】考查句型转换，本题涉及过去分词作定语，以及固定短语known for。
44．【答案】did；discover
【知识点】一般过去时；倒装句
【解析】【分析】句意：他在发现自己的兴趣爱好后才调整了自己的人生目标。only+状语/状语从句位于句首时，句子的主语和谓语或主句中的主语和谓语要部分倒装，此处为一般过去时,主语he之前应用助动词
did，主语he之后用动词原形 discover 。故填did； discover 。
【点评】考查句型转换，本题涉及部分倒装和一般过去时。
45．【答案】why；is；that
【知识点】一般现在时；关系副词引导定语从句的用法；固定句式
【解析】【分析】句意：这首童谣因为节奏优美而大受欢迎。此处改为句型the reason why...is that..."....的原因......."，其中why引导定语从句，修饰先行词The reason， 在从句中作状语，结合原句可知陈述事实用一般现在时，系动词is之后用that引导表语从句。故填why；is;；that。
【点评】考查句型转换，本题涉及一般现在时，限制性定语从句，表语从句和固定句式the reason why...is that...。
46．【答案】Not until I visited the exhibition did I realize the importance of doing sports.
【知识点】强调句
【解析】【分析】句意：直到我参观了展览，我才意识到运动的重要性。原句是not until引导的时间状语从句，改写为强调句型的结构是: It is/was not until+时间状语从句+that+其他，原句是一般过去时，因此be动词用was,故答案为It was not until I visited the exhibition that I realized the importance of doing sports.
【点评】考查句型转换，本题涉及 强调句 的应用。
47．【答案】Many explorers have been inspired by the hero's tales to search for sea routes.
【知识点】动词的语态
【解析】【分析】句意：这个英雄的故事激励了许多探险家去寻找海上航线。将主动语态变为被动语态时，将原句宾语many explorers变为主语，谓语动词变为have been inspired，主语变为由介词by引出作宾语。故答案为：Many explorers have been inspired by the hero's tales to search for sea routes.
【点评】考查句型转换，本题涉及主动语态被被动语态。
48．【答案】He has made a great/significant contributions to environmental protection, which deserves/is worth our respect.
【知识点】固定短语；一般现在时；现在完成时；非限制性定语从句；汉译英
【解析】【分析】根据句意和结构可知这句话的主句主语是he，谓语用现在完成时has made，宾语是tremendous contributions"巨大的贡献"， "在环境保护方面"翻译成in environmental protection，从句是which引导的非限制性定语从句，指代上文内容，从句谓语由系动词is+形容词短语worthy of构成，宾语是our respect"我们的尊敬"。故答案为：He has made tremendous contributions in environmental protection，which is worthy of our respect.
【点评】考查汉译英，本题涉及现在完成时，一般现在时，非限制性定语从句以及固定短语make tremendous contributions和be worthy of。
49．【答案】 Good morning, everyone.
Today, I'd like to share with you a topic that is close to our daily lives - labor. As a student, I have participated in various labor activities, and I would like to share one of my most memorable experiences.
It was during our school's annual cleanup day. Our class was assigned to clean the schoolyard. At first, I must admit, I wasn't looking forward to it. I thought it would be a boring and tiring task. But as we started working, I began to realize the importance of labor.
As we picked up litter and organized the grounds, I saw the transformation of our schoolyard. I realized that our small efforts could make a significant difference. This experience made me understand that labor is not just about completing tasks, but also about taking care of our surroundings and contributing to the community.
Labor is a traditional virtue in our country, and it is something that we should all embrace. It teaches us responsibility, perseverance, and teamwork. Through labor, we can develop a strong work ethic and learn the value of hard work.
I believe that labor education is essential for our growth as individuals and as a society. It helps us appreciate the efforts of others and encourages us to contribute to the common good.
In conclusion, let us all embrace the spirit of labor and take part in various labor activities. Remember, even the smallest of efforts can make a significant impact. Thank you.
Appreciate your attention.
【知识点】提纲作文；文字式应用文；半开放性作文
【解析】【分析】本题是一篇应用文写作，要求考生以李华的身份 以"Labor - A Traditional Virtue"为主题，写一篇演讲稿 。写作背景： 劳动是我国的传统美德，你校将举办劳动教育活动周。写作要点已经给出，属于提纲类作文，内容包括：1. 一次劳动体验；2. 你对劳动的理解。 考生需要根据写作要求，确定关键词（组），并进行遣词造句，注意主谓一致和时态问题。最后连句成文，注意使用恰当的连词进行句子之间的衔接与过渡，书写一定要规范清晰，保持整洁美观的卷面是非常重要的。
【点评】本题对于考生的综合能力要求较高，要求考生有很强的谋篇布局的能力和组织要点的能力。需要注意紧扣文章主题，给出的要点都需要包括。写作时注意准确运用时态，上下文意思连贯，符合逻辑关系。尽量使用自己熟悉的单词句式，同时也要注意使用高级词汇和高级句型使文章显得更有档次。
50．【答案】 After high school started，however，things didn't go easily as expected.Jack soon realized that the workload and academic expectations in senior high school were much higher than what he had experienced in middle school.The subjects became more challenging，and the competition among students intensified.Despite his initial enthusiasm and determination，Jack found himself struggling to keep up with the demanding coursework.He spent long hours studying，completing assignments，and seeking extra help，but the pressure started taking a toll on him，both physically and emotionally.Jack began to doubt whether he would be able to achieve his goal of earning a scholarship.
Seeing the disappointment on his face，Dad and Mom sat him down again.Their expressions were filled with concern.They reassured Jack that his worth and future success were not solely dependent on getting a scholarship.They emphasized the importance of personal growth，character development，and finding joy in learning.Dad acknowledged that college was expensive，but he reminded Jack that there were alternative paths to success and happiness.Mom encouraged him to persevere，reminding him that his best efforts would always be enough.They both expressed their unwavering support and love，assuring Jack that regardless of the outcome，they believed in him and his abilities.With their words of encouragement，Jack found a renewed sense of purpose and determination to overcome the challenges ahead，even if it meant redefining what success meant to him.
【知识点】文字式记叙文；开放性作文；读后续写
【解析】【分析】本篇书面表达是读后续写。通过阅读文章可知，讲述了Jack是一个勤奋的学生，他的成绩也很好。但是Jack的家庭比较贫困，上大学的话, 学费是一件难事。爸爸和Jack说可以通过获得奖学金的方法上大学。Jack 下定决心要得到奖学金。段落续写：①由第一段首句内容"然而，高中开始后,
事情并没有像预期的那样顺利。"可知，第一段可描述Jack意识到高中的学业难度和压力比他想象的难。尽管他很努力，但他也开始质疑自己是否能获得奖学金。②由第二段首句内容"看到他脸.上失望的表情，爸爸和妈妈又让他坐下。"可知，第二段可描述爸爸妈妈安慰Jack让他意识到未来的成功和价值并不只取决于获得奖学金。成功和幸福的道路有很多。有了爸爸妈妈的鼓励，Jack决心克服困难和挑战。写作时注意准确运用时态，上下文意思连贯，符合逻辑关系，尽量使用自己熟悉的单词句式，同时也要注意使用高级词汇和高级句型使文章显得更有档次。
【点评】本书面表达要点齐全，上下文连贯，使用一定数量的句式结构，让句子更加生动丰满，同时运用了许多高级词汇和固定短语，提高文章的档次，体现了对英语的熟练的驾驭能力。例如：Jack soon realized that the workload and academic expectations in senior high school were much higher than what he had experienced in middle school.运用了宾语从句；The subjects became more challenging，and the competition among students intensified.运用了并列句；He spent long hours studying，completing assignments，and seeking extra help，but the pressure started taking a toll on him，both physically and emotionally.运用了转折并列句；Jack began to doubt whether he would be able to achieve his goal of earning a scholarship.运用了宾语从句；They reassured Jack that his worth and future success were not solely dependent on getting a scholarship.运用了宾语从句；Dad acknowledged that college was expensive，but he reminded Jack that there were alternative paths to success and happiness.运用了宾语从句，转折并列句，there be 句式；Mom encouraged him to persevere，reminding him that his best efforts would always be enough.运用了现在分词作状语，宾语从句；They both expressed their unwavering support and love，assuring Jack that regardless of the outcome，they believed in him and his abilities.运用了现在分词作状语，宾语从句；With their words of encouragement，Jack found a renewed sense of purpose and determination to overcome the challenges ahead，even if it meant redefining what success meant to him.运用了让步状语从句，宾语从句。
广东省东莞市2022-2023学年高二下学期期末质量检查英语试题
一、第二部分，阅读理解，第一节（共10小题；每小题2.5分，满分25分）
阅读理解
Henry Max was born in Houston, Texas in 1915. While growing up, he became known as Red Max because his hair was bright red. The color became a trademark for him. He was famous for putting out dangerous oil well fires around the world.
During World War II, Max served on a trained army team that removed and destroyed bombs. After the war, he returned to Houston and Max started his own company. His job was putting out fires in oil wells.
Putting out oil well fires can be difficult. This is because oil well fires are extinguished, or put out, at the wellhead just above ground. Normally, explosives are used to stop the fire from burning. The explosion robs the fire of oxygen. But, once the fire is out, the well still needs to be covered, or capped, to stop the flow of oil. This is the most dangerous part of the process. Any new heat or fire could cause the leaking well and the surrounding area to explode.
In 1988, Max fought what was possibly the world's worst off-shore accident. It was at the Piper Alpha drilling structure in the North Sea. The structure produced oil and gas from 24 wells. 167 local people were killed when the structure exploded after a gas leak. Red Max had to stop the fires and cap the wells. He faced winds blowing more than 120 kilometers an hour, and ocean waves at least 20 meters high.
The Red Max Company capped more than 100 wells. The crews put out about 700 fires, which saved millions of barrels of oil.
1．What made Red Max well known internationally
A．His job. B．His character.
C．His birthplace. D．His hair.
2．How do people usually put out fire in oil wells
A．By army. B．By covering.
C．By leaking oil. D．By explosives.
3．What do we know about the fire at the Piper Alpha drilling structure in 1988
A．It was caused by a gas leak.
B．167 of Max's members were killed.
C．It was the world's worst accident.
D．Ocean waves stopped the rescue work
【答案】1．A
2．D
3．A
【知识点】细节理解题；人物传记类；记叙文
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇记叙文，讲述了因扑灭世界各地危险的油井火灾而闻名的Henry Max。
【点评】考查阅读理解，包含细节理解题，是一篇人物类阅读，注意先略读文章，掌握文章大意，再分析题干及选项，到文中找到相关内容并进行理解。
1．考查细节理解。根据第一段中的" He was famous for putting out dangerous oil well fires around the world. "他因扑灭世界各地危险的油井火灾而闻名；以及第二段中的"His job was putting out fires in oil wells."他的工作是扑灭油井的大火。可知，Red Maxwell是因其工作而闻名世界，故选A。
2．考查细节理解。根据第三段中的"Normally, explosives are used to stop the fire from burning. The explosion robs the fire of oxygen."通常情况下，炸药是用来灭火的。爆炸使火中的氧气消失。可知，人们通常使用炸药来扑灭油井中的火。故选D。
3．考查细节理解。根据第四段中的" 167 local people were killed when the structure exploded after a gas leak. "建筑因油气泄漏而爆炸，造成167名当地居民死亡，可知，北海的Piper Alpha钻井结构大火是因油气泄漏爆炸而引|起的，故选A。
阅读理解
The forest was full of shadows as Sylvie hurried through it one summer evening in Dune. The child hurried the cow through the dark forest to her grandmother's home.
Suddenly the air was cut by a sharp whistle not far away. Sylvie knew it wasn't a friendly bird's whistle. She hid in some bushes. But she was too late.
"Hello, little girl," a young man called out cheerfully. "I've lost my way. Can I spend the night at your house " he asked.
Sylvie didn't answer. The stranger began walking with Sylvie as she followed her cow through the forest. She was glad when she could see her grandmother standing near the farm house. The stranger explained his problem to Sylvie's grandmother.
"Of course you can stay with us." she said. The young man explained he was a scientist, who collected birds.
"Do you put them in a cage " Sylvie asked.
"No," he answered slowly, "I shoot them and preserve them with special chemicals."
"I've been looking for a white heron (苍鹭),"he said, "It's a very rare white bird."
But Sylvie's heart began to beat fast. She knew that strange white bird! Early the next morning, she quietly hurried through the forest. She finally reached a huge pine tree, and climbed to the top. Sylvie's bare feet and tiny fingers grabbed the tree's rough trunk. Sharp dry branches scratched her like cat's claws.
Suddenly, a bird with broad white wings landed on a pine branch next to her. The white heron smoothed its feathers and called to its mate. She knew the wild bird's secret now.
Were the birds better friends than their hunters Who can know
4．What made Sylvie hide in some bushes
A．A young man. B．A missing cow.
C．A sharp whistle. D．An unfriendly bird.
5．Why did Sylvie's heart begin to beat fast
A．She was scared by the young man.
B．The white heron might be in danger.
C．She was familiar with that white heron.
D．The man would spend a night with them.
6．What may be the most possible ending of the story
A．The young man killed the white heron.
B．Sylvie kept the secret of the white heron.
C．Sylvie and the scientist became good friends.
D．The young man knew where the white heron was.
【答案】4．C
5．B
6．B
【知识点】推理判断题；细节理解题；故事阅读类；记叙文
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇记叙文，讲述了一个小女孩为了保护白苍鹭没有告诉给猎鸟者那只白苍鹭的行踪，让白苍鹭自由生活的故事。
【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解和推理判断两个题型的考查，是一篇故事类阅读，考生需要准确捕捉细节信息，并根据上下文进行逻辑推理，从而选出正确答案。
4．考查细节理解。根据第二段中的" Suddenly the air was cut by a sharp whistle not far away. Sylvie knew it wasn't a friendly bird's whistle. She hid in some bushes. "突然，不远处一阵尖锐的哨声划破了空气。Sylvie 知道那不是友好的鸟哨。她躲在灌木丛里)"可知，使西尔维躲在灌木丛里的是一声尖锐的哨声。故选C。
5．考查推理判断。根据第七段"‘No,' he answered slowly, ‘I shoot them and preserve them with special chemicals.'""不，"他慢慢地回答,"我射杀它们，用特殊的化学物质保存它们。"；第八段"‘T've been looking for a white heron (苍鹭),'he said,‘It's a very rare white bird.'""我一直在找白鹭，"他说，"这是一种非常罕见的白鸟"；以及第九段中的"But Sylvie's heart began to beat fast. She knew that strange white bird! "但是Sylvie的心开始加速跳动。她认识那只奇怪的白鸟!。可知，猎人在寻找并捕猎非常罕见的白鹭，Sylvie知道这只鸟，因此西尔维的心开始加速跳动，因为猎人可能逮到它，白鸳可能有危险。故选B。
6．考查推理判断。根据倒数第二段"Suddenly, a bird with broad white wings landed on a pine branch next to her. The white heron smoothed its feathers and called to its mate. She knew the wild bird's secret now."突然，一只长着宽大白色翅膀的鸟落在她旁边的一根松枝上。白鹭抚平羽毛，向它的伴侣呼唤。她现在知道了野鸟的秘密；以及最后一段" Were the birds better friends than their hunters Who can know "鸟儿的朋友比它们的猎人好吗 谁知道呢 可知，小女孩选择了鸟作朋友，没打算告诉年轻人白鹭的秘密，所以这个故事最有可能的结局是西尔维保守着白鹭的秘密。故选B。
阅读理解
Just a year ago, Sarah fulfilled the dream of owning her own bakery, which was very popular in the local and provided a well-off life for Sarah and her family. But last February all fell apart, after a car accident left Sarah disabled. "I could barely talk or move," she sobbed.
Darkness and depression drowned Sarah, help seemed out of reach； she couldn't afford a psychologist. Even worse, she had no health insurance.
So her doctor suggested a mental-health app which offers free chatbot service. It is described as a "friendly" and "mental" tool, asking the patient some questions, like "How are you feeling " or "What's bothering you " After the patient responds to the questions, the computer analyzes the words and phrases in the answers, and then delivers supportive messages which have been prewritten by trained human psychologists.
That is how Sarah found herself on a new frontier of technology and mental health Advances in artificial intelligence are increasingly being looked to as a way to help people who suffer from mild depression or anxiety.
There are, of course, still plenty of doubts about whether machines can read or respond to the human emotions accurately. "Artificial intelligence is still not at a point where they can copy the complexities of human emotions, let alone imitate mental care," a psychology professor in a mental health center said.
However, supporters of chatbot treatment say the approach may also be the only realistic and affordable way. It meets a huge worldwide need for more mental health care at a time when there are simply not enough professionals to help all the people who could benefit.
7．What can we know about Sarah from the first two paragraphs
A．Her family fell apart in an accident.
B．She was nearly drowned in an accident.
C．She suffered a series of misfortunes then.
D．Her dream came true despite an accident.
8．How does the chatbot work according to the passage
A．It answers personal questions.
B．It offers free face-to-face service.
C．It treats patients with medical care.
D．It stores related messages in advance.
9．Why do people doubt about the chatbot
A．It is unable to respond to human emotions.
B．It may not react to human emotions correctly.
C．It copies the complexities of human emotions.
D．It imitates mental care from human psychologists.
10．Which of the following may be the purpose of this passage
A．To introduce a free mental-care chatbot.
B．To encourage readers to learn from Sarah.
C．To suggest a new way to do mental research.
D．To call for more attention on mental health care.
【答案】7．C
8．D
9．B
10．D
【知识点】推理判断题；细节理解题；说明文；科普类
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文，通过 Sarah 的例子介绍了一款提供免费聊天机器人服务，以及聊天机器人的工作方式以及人们对此的看法。
【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解和推理判断两个题型的考查，是一篇科技类阅读，通读全文，理解文章大意，阅读题目后返回原文阅读并找出与题目相对应的内容，仔细核对，选择符合原文原意的答案，完成后再次阅读并检查。
7．考查细节理解。根据第一段中的" But last February all fell apart, after a car accident left Sarah disabled.‘I could barely talk or move,' she sobbed."但去年2月，一场车祸使Sarah残疾，一切都崩溃了。"我几乎不能说话或移动，"她抽泣着说；以及第二段"Darkness and depression drowned Sarah, help seemed out of reach； she couldn't afford a psychologist. Even worse, she had no health insurance."黑暗和沮丧淹没了Sarah,救援似乎遥不可及；她请不起心理医生。更糟糕的是，她没有医疗保险。可知，Sarah遭受了一连串的不幸。故选C。
8．考查细节理解。根据第三段"So her doctor suggested a mental-health app which offers free chatbot service. It is described as a ‘friendly' and‘mental' tool, asking the patient some questions, like ‘How are you feeling ' or ‘What's bothering you ' After the patient responds to the questions, the computer analyzes the words and phrases in the answers, and then delivers supportive messages which have been prewritten by trained human psychologists."因此，她的医生建议她使用一款提供免费聊天机器人服务的心理健康应用。它被描述为一种"友好"和"精神"的工具，会问病人一些问题，比如"你感觉怎么样 "或者"你在烦恼什么 "在患者回答问题后，计算机分析答案中的单词和短语，然后传递由训练有素的人类心理学家预先编写的支持信息。可知，聊天机器人通过预先存储相关信息工作。故选D。
9．考查推理判断。根据倒数第二段中的"‘Artificial intelligence is still not at a point where they can copy the complexities of human emotions, let alone imitate mental care,' a psychology professor in a mental health center said."一位心理健康中心的心理学教授说:"人工智能还没有达到能够复制人类复杂情感的程度，更不用说模仿心理护理了。"可知，人们会怀疑聊天机器人是因为它可能无法对，人类的情绪做出正确的反应。故选B。
10．考查推理判断。根据第三段中的" So her doctor suggested a mental-health app which offers free chatbot service. "因此,她的医生建议她使用一款提供免费聊天机器人服务的心理健康应用；结合文章通过 Sarah 的例子介绍了一款提供免费聊天机器人服务,以及聊天机器人的工作方式以及人们对此的看法。可推知，这篇文章的目的是介绍一个免费的心理护理聊天机器人。故选A。
二、第二部分，阅读理解，第二节（共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分）
阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。选项中有两项为多余选项。
How Can Teens Volunteer in the Communities
Encouraging teens to volunteer in the community has lasting rewards, including increased self-confidence and a sense of belonging. 11．
●Community Service
Teens can volunteer at museums, parks and stations. They can also visit the elderly in nursing homes to provide companionship to people who might not have been visited by family or friends in a while. Organizations differ on their standards for teen volunteers. 12．
●Environmental Cleanup
13． They can just get into their neighborhood and help clean it up. Teens can help beautify their neighborhood by picking up trash, planting flowers or stating a community garden. Teens can also start recycling projects, and encourage their neighbors to participate in efforts to clean up the environment and live a more sustainable lifestyle.
●Tutoring
Teens who want to help in their communities can volunteer by tutoring others. They can participate in peer tutoring at their school, or offer their services at a local library. 14． Language tutoring provided by companies usually charge a great deal for their services, so immigrants of the community will be especially grateful to receive free tutoring.
15． It also helps teens expand their mind, look good on college and job applications, and find potential career paths.
A. Many communities offer service programs.
B. Teens don't have to join formal organizations.
C. Here are common ways for teens to help the communities.
D. So check with them first to find out different requirements.
E. Volunteering allows teens to have a positive influence on others.
F. They can persuade the immigrants to join in some volunteering activities.
G. Teens can also reach out to immigrants whose first language isn't English.
【答案】11．C；12．D；13．B；14．G；15．E
【知识点】说明文；七选五；日常生活类
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文，列举了一些青少年帮助社区的常见方法。
【点评】考查七选五，本文是一篇生活类阅读，要求在理解细节信息的基础上，着重考查对上下文的理解和推理判断能力。
11．根据空前"Encouraging teens to volunteer in the community has lasting rewards, including increased self-confidence and a sense of belonging."鼓励青少年在社区做志愿者会有持久的回报，包括增强自信心和归属感；结合后文列举了一些青少年帮助社区的方法。 C. Here are common ways for teens to help the communities. "这里有一些青少年帮助社区的常见方法"符合语境，有承上启下的作用。故选C。
12．根据空前"Teens can volunteer at museums, parks and stations. They can also visit the elderly in nursing homes to provide companionship to people who might not have been visited by family or friends in a while. Organizations differ on their standards for teen volunteers."青少年可以在博物馆、公园和车站做志愿者。他们还可以拜访养老院的老人，为那些可能有一段时间没有家人或朋友拜访的人提供陪伴。各组织对青少年志愿者的标准各不相同。可知，上文提到了各组织对青少年志愿者的标准各不相同，本句为本段最后一句，应说明所以先和他们核实一下，找出不同的要求。 D. So check with them first to find out different requirements. "所以先和他们核实一下，找出不同的要求"符合语境，故选D。
13．根据空后"They can just get into their neighborhood and help clean it up. Teens can help beautify their neighborhood by picking up trash, planting flowers or starting a community garden. Teens can also start recycling projects, and encourage their neighbors to participate in efforts to clean up the environment and live a more sustainable lifestyle."他们可以进入他们的社区，帮助清理。青少年可以通过捡垃圾、种花或开辟社区花园来帮助美化他们的社区。青少年也可以开始回收项目，并鼓励他们的邻居参与到清洁环境的努力中来，过上更可持续的生活方式。可知，后文提到了通过进入社区和开始回收项目来帮助清理，说明不必加入太正式的组织， B. Teens don't have to join formal organizations. "青少年不必参加正式的组织"符合语境，故选B。
14．根据空前"Teens who want to help in their communities can volunteer by tutoring others. They can participate in peer tutoring at their school, or offer their services at a local library."想要在社区中提供帮助的青少年可以通过辅导他人来做志愿者。他们可以参加学校的同伴辅导，或者在当地图书馆提供服务；以及空后"Language tutoring provided by companies usually charge a great deal for their services, so immigrants of the community will be especially grateful to receive free tutoring."公司提供的语言辅导通常收费很高，所以社区的移民会特别感激得到免费的辅导。可知，本句是在说明志愿者可以为移民提供语言辅导， G. Teens can also reach out to immigrants whose first language isn't English. "青少年也可以向母语不是英语的移民伸出援手"符合语境，故选G。
15．根据空前"Language tutoring provided by companies usually charge a great deal for their services, so immigrants of the community will be especially grateful to receive free tutoring."公司提供的语言辅导通常收费很高，所以社区的移民会特别感激得到免费的辅导；以及空后文"It also helps teens expand their mind, look good on college and job applications, and find potential career paths."它还能帮助青少年拓展思维，在大学和工作申请中表现得更好，并找到潜在的职业道路。可知，本句是在说明志愿活动对青少年的好处， E. Volunteering allows teens to have a positive influence on others. "志愿活动可以让青少年对他人产生积极的影响"符合语境，故选E。
三、第三部分，语言知识运用，第一节，完形填空（共15小题；每小题1.5分，满分22.5分）
阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的四个选项（A、B、C和D）中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
Nicole Edna walked onto the crowded airplane holding her tiny baby, the kind who cried for the entire flight. She was afraid she would be the least 16． passenger. And that was before her baby got sick and vomited (呕吐) all over her 17． and seat cushion. "I was afraid that they would have to bring the plane back to replace the seat and seat belt, and everyone would 18． me," she later wrote in the social media.
But a simple act of kindness soon 19． her day, and then some. An airline hostess not only helped Edna by holding and 20． her baby but also lent a pair of yoga pants to the 21． mother to change into. Besides, she gave her several packs of tissues to clear up the mess. "I 22． believe that what she has done reflects our great virtue and I wish her all the best in the rest of her life," Edna wrote.
Bitten by the kindness bug, Edna 23． her story and asked others to share their own tales of 24． kindness in the social media. Those appreciations, 25． , inspired others to respond with more personal 26． , as well as with simple notes of support and gratitude. The result is a 27． dialogue for our times, which is a new change from the common idea that our online 28． tend to be ruined by mean and angry voices. In this story, niceness 29． . The power of unexpected kind acts does make a 30． in the world.
16．A． welcome B． patient C． reliable D． independent
17．A． bag B． table C． pants D． shoes
18．A． help B． spot C． beg D． blame
19．A． saved B． took C． began D． lost
20．A． shaking B． comforting C． kissing D． pressing
21．A． excited B． impolite C． satisfied D． exhausted
22．A． nearly B． obviously C． firmly D． blindly
23．A． posted B． downloaded C． withdrew D． read
24．A． popular B． unexpected C． romantic D． regular
25．A． at most B． in turn C． at ease D． in detail
26．A． items B． growth C． stories D． wealth
27．A． wonderful B． private C． formal D． fluent
28．A． lessons B． surveys
C． meetings D． conversations
29．A． hides B． lies C． wins D． changes
30．A． promise B． deal C． mess D． difference
【答案】16．A；17．C；18．D；19．A；20．B；21．D；22．C；23．A；24．B；25．B；26．C；27．A；28．D；29．C；30．D
【知识点】故事阅读类；记叙文
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇记叙文，讲述了一位空姐帮助乘客Nicole Edna照顾孩子，清理呕吐物的善行。
【点评】考查完形填空，本题考点涉及动词，名词，形容词，副词，固定短语等多个知识点的考查，是一篇故事类阅读，要求考生在理解细节信息的基础上，进一步根据上下文的逻辑关系，进行分析推理，从而选出正确答案。
16．句意：她担心自己会是最不受欢迎的乘客。A.welcome"受欢迎的"；B.patient"耐心的"；C. reliable "可靠的"；D.independent"独立的"。根据下文"her baby got sick and vomited （呕吐） all over her 2 and seat cushion"可知，因为她孩子吐在了座位垫子上，所以她担心自己会是最不受欢迎的乘客。故选A。
17．句意：那是在她的孩子生病呕吐在她的裤子和坐垫上之前。A.bag"包"；B.table"桌子"；C.pants "裤子"；D.shoes"鞋"。根据下文"lent a pair of yoga pants"可知，后来乘务人员借裤子给她，说明孩子吐在她裤子上了。故选C。
18．句意：我担心他们不得不把飞机带回来更换座椅和安全带，每个人都会责怪我。A.help"帮助"；B.spot"发现"；C.beg"乞求"；D.blame"责备"。根据空前"I was afraid that they would have to bring the plane back to replace the seat and seat belt"可知我害怕他们要把飞机开回来更换座位和安全带，说明所有人都会责怪我。故答案为D。
19．句意：但一个简单的善举很快就挽救了她的一天。A.saved"救"；B.took"拿走"；C.began"开始"；D.lost"丢失"。根据下文"An airline hostess not only helped Edna by holding and 5 her baby but also lent a pair of yoga pants to the 6 mother to change into"可知，一位乘务员帮助她，所以是挽救了她的一天。故选A。
20．句意：一位空姐不仅帮助Edna抱着她的孩子，安慰她，还借给这位疲惫的妈妈一条瑜伽裤让她换上。A.shaking"摇晃"；B.comforting"安慰"；C. kissing "吻"；D. pressing "按，压"。根据上文额"her tiny baby，the kind who cried for the whole flight"可知，她的孩子哭，所以空姐帮忙安慰孩子。故选B。
21．句意：一位空姐不仅帮助Edna抱着她的孩子，安慰她，还借给这位疲惫的妈妈一条瑜伽裤让她换上。A. excited "激动的"；B.impolite"不礼貌的"；C.satisfied"满意的"；D. exhausted"累的。精疲力尽的"。根据上文"her tiny baby，the kind who cried for the whole flight"可知，她的孩子哭很久，所以这位妈妈肯定觉得很累。故选D。
22．句意：Edna写道："我坚信她所做的一切反映了我们伟大的美德，我祝愿她在余生中一切顺利。"A.nearly"将近"；B.obviously"显然"；C.firmly"坚定地"；D. blindly "盲目地"。根据空后"believe that what she has done reflects our great virtue"可知，Edna坚信空姐所做的一切反映了我们伟大的美德，空格处意为"坚定地"。故选C。
23．句意：Edna热衷于行善，她在社交媒体上发布了自己的故事，并要求其他人分享自己意想不到的善举。A.posted"发帖子"；B.downloaded"下载"；C. withdrew "撤退"；D. read "读"。根据空后"in the social media"可知，她在网上发帖。故选A。
24．句意：Edna热衷于行善，她在社交媒体上发布了自己的故事，并要求其他人分享自己意想不到的善举。A.popular"流行的"；B.unexpected"出乎意料的"；C.romantic"浪漫的"；D.regular"有规律的"。根据上文"An airline hostess not only helped Edna by holding and 5 her baby but also lent a pair of yoga pants to the 6 mother to change into.Besides，she gave her several packs of tissues to clear up the mess"可知，空姐的善行是作为乘客的Edna没有料到的，最后一段的"unexpected kind acts"也是提示。故选B。
25．句意：这些赞赏反过来又激励其他人用更多的个人故事以及简单的支持和感激的音符来回应。A.at most"最多"；B.in turn"依次，轮流"；C. at ease "舒适地"；D.in detail"详细地"。根据空后"inspired others to respond with more personal 11 well as with simple notes of support and gratitude"可知，这些赞赏又反过来激励其他人。故选B。
26．句意：这些赞赏反过来又激励其他人用更多的个人故事以及简单的支持和感激的音符来回应。A.items"项目"；B.growth"成长"；C.stories"故事"；D. wealth "健康"。根据上文"asked others to share their own tales of 9 kindness in the social media"可知，此处应该是说Edna叫其他人也分享自己的故事。故选C。
27．句意：结果是我们这个时代的精彩对话，这是一个从我们的网络对话往往被卑鄙和愤怒的声音破坏的普遍观念的新的变化。A.wonderful"极好的"；B.private"私下的"；C.formal"正式的"；D.fluent"流利的"。根据空后"which is a new change from the common idea that our online 13 tend to be ruined by mean and angry voices"可知，这会带来一些观念上的变化，是我们这个时代的一个很好的对话。故选A。
28．句意：结果是我们这个时代的精彩对话，这是一个从我们的网络对话往往被卑鄙和愤怒的声音破坏的普遍观念的新的变化。A. lessons"课"；B.surveys"调查"；C.meetings"会议"；D.conversations"对话"。根据空前"dialogue for our times"可知，这是一个从我们的网络对话往往被卑鄙和愤怒的声音破坏的普遍观念的新的变化。故选D。
29．句意：在这个故事中，善良获胜。A.hides"躲藏"；B. lies "在于"；C.wins"赢"；D.changes "改变"。根据上文"But a simple act of kindness soon 4 her day，and then some"可知，空姐的善良救了Edna的一天，所以在这个故事中，善良获胜了。故选C。
30．句意：意想不到的善意行为的力量确实会改变世界。A.promise"承诺"；B.deal"交易"；C.mess"杂乱"；D.difference"不同"。根据上文"But a simple act of kindness soon 4 her day，and then some"可知，善良的行为挽救了Edna的一天，所以是改变世界的一种力量。故选D。
四、第三部分，语言知识运用，第二节，语法填空，根据句子结构的语法性，在下面空格处填入一个适当的词或使用括号中所给词的适当形式填空（共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分）
31． Club members usually gather at the court and play tennis a weekly basis.
【答案】on
【知识点】固定短语；简单介词
【解析】【分析】句意：俱乐部成员通常每周都会聚集在球场上打网球。on a weekly basis固定短语，"每周一次"，故填on。
【点评】考查介词，以及固定短语on a weekly basis。
32． The picture drawn by Qi Baishi is just one of the treasures in their (possess).
【答案】possessions
【知识点】可数名词
【解析】【分析】句意：齐白石画的这幅画只是他们家中的一件珍品。此处名词作介词宾语， possess "拥有"，动词，其名词"财产"应用 possession ，常用复数形式，故填 possessions 。
【点评】考查名词，本题涉及名词作介词宾语。
33． A nearby volcano erupted (violent), sending out a hail of molten rock and boiling mud.
【答案】violently
【知识点】副词的用法
【解析】【分析】句意：附近的一座火山猛烈喷发，喷出熔岩和沸腾的泥浆。此处副词作状语， violent "猛烈的，剧烈的"，形容词，其副词"猛烈地，剧烈地"，应用 violently ，修饰动词 erupted ，故填 violently。
【点评】考查副词，本题涉及副词修饰谓语动词。
34． I have a fever and I have make appointment with my doctor tomorrow.
【答案】an
【知识点】固定短语；不定冠词
【解析】【分析】句意：我发烧了，明天我得预约医生。此处是泛指，应用不定冠词，make an appointment with固定短语，"与......有约定"，故填an。
【点评】考查冠词，以及固定短语make an appointment with。
35． The participants are waiting anxiously, and the final result of the drama competition (declare) in 30 minutes.
【答案】will be declared
【知识点】动词的语态；一般将来时
【解析】【分析】句意：参赛者焦急地等待着，戏剧比赛的最终结果将在30分钟后揭晓。此处是谓语动词，与主语 the final result of the drama competition 是被动关系，应用被动语态，结合时间状语 in 30 minutes "30分钟后"，可知应用一般将来时，故填 will be declared 。
【点评】考查时态语态，本题涉及一般将来时的被动语态。
36． These singers, some of are popular with young students, will join the contest.
【答案】whom
【知识点】“介词关系代词（which/whom)”引导定语从句的用法
【解析】【分析】句意：这些歌手，其中一些深受年轻学生欢迎，将参加比赛。 some of are popular with young students是非限制性定语从句，修饰先行词 These singers ，在从句中作介词of的宾语，应用关系代词whom，故填whom。
【点评】考查定语从句，本题涉及关系代词whom引导的非限制性定语从句。
37． (acquire) the advanced technology, the engineers make full use of every chance available.
【答案】To acquire
【知识点】动词不定式
【解析】【分析】句意：为了获得先进的技术，工程师们充分利用一切可能的机会。此处不定式作目的状语，位于句首，首字母大写，故填 To acquire 。
【点评】考查非谓语动词，本题涉及不定式作目的状语。
38． In the freshman year, it took Adam some time he got everything ready for his further study.
【答案】before
【知识点】时间状语从句
【解析】【分析】句意：在大一的时候，亚当花了一段时间才为进一步学习做好一切准备。 he got everything ready for his further study 是时间状语从句，结合句意，应用before引导，故填 before 。
【点评】考查状语从句，本题涉及before引导的时间状语从句。
39．After a whole day's work, Luke (drag) his tired body home and then had a rest.
【答案】dragged
【知识点】一般过去时
【解析】【分析】句意：经过一整天的工作，卢克拖着疲惫的身体回家，然后休息了一下。此处是谓语动词，与 had a rest 并列，应用一般过去时，故填 dragged 。
【点评】考查时态，本题涉及一般过去时。
40． David considers necessary for a language learner to practise listening and speaking every day.
【答案】it
【知识点】it的用法
【解析】【分析】句意：大卫认为语言学习者每天练习听和说是必要的。此处it作形式宾语，不定式 to practise listening and speaking every day作真正的宾语，故填it。
【点评】考查代词，本题涉及it作形式宾语。
五、第四部分，写作，第一节，句子考查，根据下面各个句子的要求，完成、改写或翻译句子。（第51～55小题每空0.5分，第56～58小题每题3分，满分15分）（共三节，满分55分）
41． In 2021, my father retired and I (接管) the company from him as general manager.
【答案】took；over
【知识点】固定短语；一般过去时；汉译英
【解析】【分析】句意：2021年，我父亲退休，我接替他担任公司总经理。" 接管 "应用动词短语take over，是谓语动词，结合 my father retired ，可知应用一般过去时，故填took；over。
【点评】考查汉译英，本题涉及一般过去时以及固定短语take over。
42． The human mind (优越于) machines because machines are only tools of mankind.
【答案】is；superior；to
【知识点】固定短语；一般现在时；汉译英
【解析】【分析】句意：人类的头脑比机器优越，因为机器只是人类的工具。" 优越于 "应用动词短语be superior to，是谓语动词，结合原因状语从句 because machines are only tools of mankind 的时态，应用一般现在时，故填is；superior；to。
【点评】考查汉译英，本题涉及一般现在时以及固定短语be superior to。
43．Cuba is a warm country. It is known for its exciting music and dancing. (用分词合并句子)
Cuba is a warm country its exciting music and dancing.
【答案】known；for
【知识点】动词过去分词
【解析】【分析】句意：古巴是一个温暖的国家，以其激动人心的音乐和舞蹈而闻名。根据原句和设空在名词country之后，此处可用过去分词known for合并句子，作后置定语，表示"以....而闻名"，故填known for。
【点评】考查句型转换，本题涉及过去分词作定语，以及固定短语known for。
44． He adjusted his life goal only after he discovered his personal interests. (用倒装句改写)
Only after he discovered his personal interests he his life goal.
【答案】did；discover
【知识点】一般过去时；倒装句
【解析】【分析】句意：他在发现自己的兴趣爱好后才调整了自己的人生目标。only+状语/状语从句位于句首时，句子的主语和谓语或主句中的主语和谓语要部分倒装，此处为一般过去时,主语he之前应用助动词
did，主语he之后用动词原形 discover 。故填did； discover 。
【点评】考查句型转换，本题涉及部分倒装和一般过去时。
45． The nursery rhyme has become a hit because it has a lovely rhythm. (用从句改写)
The reason the nursery rhyme has become a hit it has a lovely rhythm.
【答案】why；is；that
【知识点】一般现在时；关系副词引导定语从句的用法；固定句式
【解析】【分析】句意：这首童谣因为节奏优美而大受欢迎。此处改为句型the reason why...is that..."....的原因......."，其中why引导定语从句，修饰先行词The reason， 在从句中作状语，结合原句可知陈述事实用一般现在时，系动词is之后用that引导表语从句。故填why；is;；that。
【点评】考查句型转换，本题涉及一般现在时，限制性定语从句，表语从句和固定句式the reason why...is that...。
46． I didn't realize the importance of doing sports until I visited the exhibition. (用强调句改写)
【答案】Not until I visited the exhibition did I realize the importance of doing sports.
【知识点】强调句
【解析】【分析】句意：直到我参观了展览，我才意识到运动的重要性。原句是not until引导的时间状语从句，改写为强调句型的结构是: It is/was not until+时间状语从句+that+其他，原句是一般过去时，因此be动词用was,故答案为It was not until I visited the exhibition that I realized the importance of doing sports.
【点评】考查句型转换，本题涉及 强调句 的应用。
47． The hero's tales have inspired many explorers to search for sea routes. (用被动语态改写)
【答案】Many explorers have been inspired by the hero's tales to search for sea routes.
【知识点】动词的语态
【解析】【分析】句意：这个英雄的故事激励了许多探险家去寻找海上航线。将主动语态变为被动语态时，将原句宾语many explorers变为主语，谓语动词变为have been inspired，主语变为由介词by引出作宾语。故答案为：Many explorers have been inspired by the hero's tales to search for sea routes.
【点评】考查句型转换，本题涉及主动语态被被动语态。
48． 他在环境保护方面做出了巨大的贡献，这值得我们尊重。 (用非限制性定语从句翻译句子)
【答案】He has made a great/significant contributions to environmental protection, which deserves/is worth our respect.
【知识点】固定短语；一般现在时；现在完成时；非限制性定语从句；汉译英
【解析】【分析】根据句意和结构可知这句话的主句主语是he，谓语用现在完成时has made，宾语是tremendous contributions"巨大的贡献"， "在环境保护方面"翻译成in environmental protection，从句是which引导的非限制性定语从句，指代上文内容，从句谓语由系动词is+形容词短语worthy of构成，宾语是our respect"我们的尊敬"。故答案为：He has made tremendous contributions in environmental protection，which is worthy of our respect.
【点评】考查汉译英，本题涉及现在完成时，一般现在时，非限制性定语从句以及固定短语make tremendous contributions和be worthy of。
六、第四部分，写作，第二节，应用文写作（满分15分）
49．劳动是我国的传统美德。假定你是李华，你校将举办劳动教育活动周，请以"Labor - A Traditional Virtue"为主题，写一篇演讲稿，内容包括：
1. 一次劳动体验；
2. 你对劳动的理解。
注意：1. 写作词数应为80左右；
2. 请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
Good morning, everyone.
【答案】 Good morning, everyone.
Today, I'd like to share with you a topic that is close to our daily lives - labor. As a student, I have participated in various labor activities, and I would like to share one of my most memorable experiences.
It was during our school's annual cleanup day. Our class was assigned to clean the schoolyard. At first, I must admit, I wasn't looking forward to it. I thought it would be a boring and tiring task. But as we started working, I began to realize the importance of labor.
As we picked up litter and organized the grounds, I saw the transformation of our schoolyard. I realized that our small efforts could make a significant difference. This experience made me understand that labor is not just about completing tasks, but also about taking care of our surroundings and contributing to the community.
Labor is a traditional virtue in our country, and it is something that we should all embrace. It teaches us responsibility, perseverance, and teamwork. Through labor, we can develop a strong work ethic and learn the value of hard work.
I believe that labor education is essential for our growth as individuals and as a society. It helps us appreciate the efforts of others and encourages us to contribute to the common good.
In conclusion, let us all embrace the spirit of labor and take part in various labor activities. Remember, even the smallest of efforts can make a significant impact. Thank you.
Appreciate your attention.
【知识点】提纲作文；文字式应用文；半开放性作文
【解析】【分析】本题是一篇应用文写作，要求考生以李华的身份 以"Labor - A Traditional Virtue"为主题，写一篇演讲稿 。写作背景： 劳动是我国的传统美德，你校将举办劳动教育活动周。写作要点已经给出，属于提纲类作文，内容包括：1. 一次劳动体验；2. 你对劳动的理解。 考生需要根据写作要求，确定关键词（组），并进行遣词造句，注意主谓一致和时态问题。最后连句成文，注意使用恰当的连词进行句子之间的衔接与过渡，书写一定要规范清晰，保持整洁美观的卷面是非常重要的。
【点评】本题对于考生的综合能力要求较高，要求考生有很强的谋篇布局的能力和组织要点的能力。需要注意紧扣文章主题，给出的要点都需要包括。写作时注意准确运用时态，上下文意思连贯，符合逻辑关系。尽量使用自己熟悉的单词句式，同时也要注意使用高级词汇和高级句型使文章显得更有档次。
七、第四部分，写作，第三节 读后续写（满分25分）
50． 阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。
Jack was a hardworking student. By the middle of seventh grade, he was one of the top kids at school. He was attentive in class, did all his homework and felt good about himself. So he hadn't been too concerned when he was about to study in senior high school.
Right before the first day of senior high school, Dad sat him down at the dining table and had a serious talk with him. They talked about college. Specifically, Dad told Jack that college was expensive. College cost more money than a year's rent on their apartment. College cost more money than either Dad or Mom made in a year.
Jack didn't understand why anyone would want to go to college if it cost that much. Dad explained that not everyone paid that much. Some students, as Dad said, who worked very hard and got good grades, paid less or paid nothing at all to go to college. It was called a scholarship. Jack's eyes were wide open when he heard about this. Jack nodded, promising his dad that he would work harder and get a scholarship.
Just then, Mom walked in. "You are scaring him," she said, "Relax, son. Just do your best. Don't put too much pressure on yourself."
Dad shook his head, "That's not enough. He needs to make sure he has options in the future."
"Of course, he will," Mom said, "As long as he tries his best, he'll have a good future."
Even though Jack knew what his mom was trying to say, he still decided that he wanted to give it a try. If he tried his best, if he worked hard enough in senior high school, then he could get into college without having to pay a ton of money. That night, he promised himself that he would try to get a scholarship.
注意：1. 续写词数应为150左右；2. 请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
After high school started, however, things didn't go easily as expected.
……
Seeing the disappointment on his face, Dad and Mom sat him down again.
【答案】 After high school started，however，things didn't go easily as expected.Jack soon realized that the workload and academic expectations in senior high school were much higher than what he had experienced in middle school.The subjects became more challenging，and the competition among students intensified.Despite his initial enthusiasm and determination，Jack found himself struggling to keep up with the demanding coursework.He spent long hours studying，completing assignments，and seeking extra help，but the pressure started taking a toll on him，both physically and emotionally.Jack began to doubt whether he would be able to achieve his goal of earning a scholarship.
Seeing the disappointment on his face，Dad and Mom sat him down again.Their expressions were filled with concern.They reassured Jack that his worth and future success were not solely dependent on getting a scholarship.They emphasized the importance of personal growth，character development，and finding joy in learning.Dad acknowledged that college was expensive，but he reminded Jack that there were alternative paths to success and happiness.Mom encouraged him to persevere，reminding him that his best efforts would always be enough.They both expressed their unwavering support and love，assuring Jack that regardless of the outcome，they believed in him and his abilities.With their words of encouragement，Jack found a renewed sense of purpose and determination to overcome the challenges ahead，even if it meant redefining what success meant to him.
【知识点】文字式记叙文；开放性作文；读后续写
【解析】【分析】本篇书面表达是读后续写。通过阅读文章可知，讲述了Jack是一个勤奋的学生，他的成绩也很好。但是Jack的家庭比较贫困，上大学的话, 学费是一件难事。爸爸和Jack说可以通过获得奖学金的方法上大学。Jack 下定决心要得到奖学金。段落续写：①由第一段首句内容"然而，高中开始后,
事情并没有像预期的那样顺利。"可知，第一段可描述Jack意识到高中的学业难度和压力比他想象的难。尽管他很努力，但他也开始质疑自己是否能获得奖学金。②由第二段首句内容"看到他脸.上失望的表情，爸爸和妈妈又让他坐下。"可知，第二段可描述爸爸妈妈安慰Jack让他意识到未来的成功和价值并不只取决于获得奖学金。成功和幸福的道路有很多。有了爸爸妈妈的鼓励，Jack决心克服困难和挑战。写作时注意准确运用时态，上下文意思连贯，符合逻辑关系，尽量使用自己熟悉的单词句式，同时也要注意使用高级词汇和高级句型使文章显得更有档次。
【点评】本书面表达要点齐全，上下文连贯，使用一定数量的句式结构，让句子更加生动丰满，同时运用了许多高级词汇和固定短语，提高文章的档次，体现了对英语的熟练的驾驭能力。例如：Jack soon realized that the workload and academic expectations in senior high school were much higher than what he had experienced in middle school.运用了宾语从句；The subjects became more challenging，and the competition among students intensified.运用了并列句；He spent long hours studying，completing assignments，and seeking extra help，but the pressure started taking a toll on him，both physically and emotionally.运用了转折并列句；Jack began to doubt whether he would be able to achieve his goal of earning a scholarship.运用了宾语从句；They reassured Jack that his worth and future success were not solely dependent on getting a scholarship.运用了宾语从句；Dad acknowledged that college was expensive，but he reminded Jack that there were alternative paths to success and happiness.运用了宾语从句，转折并列句，there be 句式；Mom encouraged him to persevere，reminding him that his best efforts would always be enough.运用了现在分词作状语，宾语从句；They both expressed their unwavering support and love，assuring Jack that regardless of the outcome，they believed in him and his abilities.运用了现在分词作状语，宾语从句；With their words of encouragement，Jack found a renewed sense of purpose and determination to overcome the challenges ahead，even if it meant redefining what success meant to him.运用了让步状语从句，宾语从句。
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