高中试卷答案网定远育才学校2022-2023学年度第一学期高三期中考试
高三英语
第一部分 听力(共两节，满分30分)
第一节 (共5小题;每小题1.5分，满分7.5分)
听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的 A、B、C 三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。
1. What month is it now
A. January. B. February. C. March.
2. What do we know about the boy
A. He prefers eating cold food.
B. He ate something else in advance.
C. He doesn’t like his mom’s cooking.
3. Where did the woman go before the meal
A. To her home. B. To a cinema. C. To a cafe.
4. Where does the conversation take place
A. On a train. B. In an elevator. C. In a taxi.
5. How did the man get his shirt
A. From his father. B. From an e-mall.
C. From a souvenir shop.
听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有2至4个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听每段对话或独白前，你将有5秒钟的时间阅读各个小题;听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。
听第6段材料，回答第6、7题。
6. Who will be the audience for the man’s presentation
A. His tutor. B. Senior students. C. Freshmen.
7. Where is the presentation going to be held
A. In the school library. B. In the school theatre. C. In the Students’ Union.
听第7段材料，回答第8、9题。
8. When is the garbage can emptied usually
A. Wednesday. B. Thursday. C. Friday.
9. Where was the announcement posted
A. On a website. B. On a notice board. C. On the newspaper.
听第8段材料，回答第10至12题。
10. How long has the fridge been used approximately
A. 9 years. B. 10 years. C. 11 years.
11. What’s wrong with the fridge
A. It’s too noisy. B. It stops working. C. It costs too much.
12. What was the matter with the door of the fridge
A. It fell down. B. It didn’t stay shut. C. It couldn’t be opened.
听第9段材料，回答第13至16题。
13. What job does the girl decide to take
A. Receptionist. B. Manager Assistant. C. Office assistant.
14. What’s the duty of the job
A. Answering phone calls. B. Making phone calls. C. Talking face to face.
15. What’s the time of the interview
A. 10:30 a.m. Friday. B. 10:30 a.m. Thursday. C. 11:30 a.m. Friday.
16. Where does this conversation take place
A. Over the phone. B. On social media. C. In the office.
听第10段材料，回答第17至20题。
17. When did the speaker buy his ticket
A. Three months in advance.
B. Five to ten days in advance.
C. Three weeks in advance.
18. How much does a guide generally pay for a plane ticket
A. Half of the regular fare.
B. One quarter of the regular fare.
C. Two-thirds of the regular fare.
19. Where can senior and youth passes be used
A. In India. B. In Europe. C. In Japan.
20. What does the speaker mainly talk about
A. How to buy train tickets. B. How to travel on a plane. C. How to travel for less.
第二部分 阅读理解(共两节，满分50分)
第一节 (共15题;每小题2.5分，满分37.5分)
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项(A, B,C或D)中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。
A
History Fair Competition
Understanding history is vital to understanding ourselves as a people and as a nation. History is much more than the study of dusty old objects and events long past. It is an essential part of who we are today and who we will become. Thornton Middle School History Fair Competition makes understanding history exciting, engaging, and fun!
This Year’s Theme
All participants must address how communication or transportation technology has promoted the quality of life for Americans throughout history. To many people, technology means computers, hand—held devices, or vehicles that travel to distant planets. However, technology is also the application of scientific knowledge to solve a problem, touching lives in countless ways.
Individuals or groups may enter one of the following categories:
Performance
Documentary
Essay Writing
Category Requirements
Performance: A dramatic presentation of the topic no more than 10 minutes long. If special clothes are used, they should truly represent a given period.
Documentary: A visual presentation ( such as a video,slide show,or computer project) no more than 10minutes long. A desktop computer,screen,projector,and loudspeakers will be available. Students must provide their presentations on CDs before Friday,March 23.
Essay Writing: An academic paper of 2,000 to 2,500 words. No illustrations(图解) are allowed. Please do not include covers. A list of references must be included.
Important Dates
January 5 Submit a topic proposal to your history teacher. The teacher may require a second proposal if the first is off—topic or unclear.
February 19 A committee of teachers will evaluate materials and give opinions. Students then have an opportunity to improve their products.
March 9 Submit a final draft of your essay.
March 15 Performance and documentary committee preview
March 24 Thornton Middle School History Fair Competition
7:00A.M—9:00 A.M Participants signing in at the gym
10: 00A.M. 6:petition and judges' review
7: 00P.M. Awards ceremony and picnic
1. What's the main purpose of understanding history
A. To preserve national traditions.
B. To prepare for a history competition.
C. To better know the present and future.
D. To further explore historical mysteries.
2. What is the theme of this year's competition
A. Technology advances science.
B. Science interacts with technology.
C. Science has made the study of history easy.
D. Technology has improved the life of Americans.
3. What will the committee of teachers do on February 19
A. Make comments on the materials.
B. Improve the participant's second proposal.
C. Preview performances and documentaries.
D. Collect a second proposal from the participant.
【答案】1. C 2. D 3. A
【解析】
【分析】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了桑顿中学历史公平竞赛的参赛形式和要求以及重要的时间点。
【1题详解】
细节理解题。根据第一段“It is an essential part of who we are today and who we will become.（这是我们今天是谁，以及我们将成为谁的重要组成部分。）”可知，理解历史的主要目的是更好地了解现在和未来。故选C。
【2题详解】
细节理解题。根据“This Year’s Theme”下的“All participants must address how communication or transportation technology has promoted the quality of life for Americans throughout history.（所有与会者都必须说明历史上的通信或交通技术如何促进了美国人的生活质量。）”可知，今年比赛的主题是科技改善了美国人的生活。故选D。
【3题详解】
细节理解题。根据Important Dates下的“February 19 A committee of teachers will evaluate materials and give opinions.（2月19日一个委员会的教师将评估材料和给意见。）”可知，2月19日教师委员会将对材料发表评论。故选A。
B
Virtual realty can improve brain activity that may be crucial for leaning, memory and even treating Alzheimer’s, a study on rats has found.
After monitoring the rats’ brain activity, researchers from the University of California Los Angeles discovered electrical activity in a region known as the hippocampus neurons (海马体神经元) differed depending on whether the rats were placed in real-world or VR environments. The new findings are significant as the hippocampus is a primary driver of learning and memory in the brain.
When rats walk around in real life, electrical activity in the hippocampus appears to synchronize (同步发生) at a rate of eight heartbeats per second. Heartbeats at this frequency are generally known as “theta ( ) waves”, with stronger waves seeming to improve the brain's ability to learn and keep sensory information. When placed in a VR environment, the rat’s waves became stronger.
“It turns out that amazing things happen when the rat is in virtual reality” said Prof Mayank Mehta from UCLA. The scientists also found that VR environments could change different electrical rhythms (节律) in different parts of the neurons, which indicates that scientists may be able to control human brain rhythms.
“This is a new technology that has great potential,” Mehta said. The study also indicates why VR may stimulate these unique brain waves. A big part of it, Mehta puts, may be down to the very different set of stimuli presented in VR.
Imagine that you’re approaching a doorway in real life. Your eyes see the door getting larger. But how do you know that you’re moving forward and the door isn’t coming to you The answer is that your brain uses information such as the acceleration of your head through space or the shift of weight from one foot to the other－information that may not be present during a VR experience.
4. According to the passage, why are the new findings important
A. VR’s contributions to learning have finally been identified.
B. VR can affect electrical activity in the hippocampus neurons.
C. VR produces the same effects on brains as real environments.
D. VR is likely to become another driver for learning and memory.
5. What can we learn about waves
A. They don’t respond to different brain rhythms.
B. They remain stable in different environments.
C. They affect how human perceive knowledge.
D. They have lite to do with the rate of heartbeats.
6. What does the underlined word “it” in Paragraph 5 refer to
A. The potential of the new technology.
B. The control of human brain rhythms.
C. The change in different parts of neurons.
D. The stimulation of the unique brain waves.
7. How does the author introduce VR’s different set of stimuli
A. By conducting further tests on rats. B. By comparing different environments.
C. By providing a detailed analysis D. By explaining the theory of VR.
【答案】4. B 5. C 6. D 7. B
【解析】
【分析】本文是一篇说明文。一项对老鼠的研究发现，VR(虚拟现实环境)可以改善大脑活动，这可能对学习、记忆甚至治疗阿尔茨海默氏症至关重要。
【4题详解】
细节理解题。根据第二段“After monitoring the rats’ brain activity, researchers from the University of California Los Angeles discovered electrical activity in a region known as the hippocampus neurons (海马体神经元) differed depending on whether the rats were placed in real-world or VR environments. The new findings are significant as the hippocampus is a primary driver of learning and memory in the brain. (在监测老鼠的大脑活动后，来自加州大学洛杉矶分校的研究人员发现，海马神经元区域的电活动因老鼠被置于真实世界或虚拟现实环境而有所不同。这项新发现意义重大，因为海马体是大脑学习和记忆的主要驱动力)”可知，海马体是大脑学习和记忆的主要驱动力，新发现很重要是因为VR可以影响海马神经元的电活动。故选B。
【5题详解】
细节理解题。根据第三段“When rats walk around in real life, electrical activity in the hippocampus appears to synchronize (同步发生) at a rate of eight heartbeats per second. Heartbeats at this frequency are generally known as “theta ( ) waves”, with stronger waves seeming to improve the brain’s ability to learn and keep sensory information. When placed in a VR environment, the rat's waves became stronger.(当老鼠在现实生活中四处走动时，海马体的电活动似乎以每秒8次心跳的速度同步。这种频率的心跳通常被称为“θ ( )波”，更强的 波似乎可以提高大脑学习和保存感官信息的能力。在VR环境中，老鼠的 波变得更强)”可知，强烈的 波似乎可以提高大脑学习和保存感官信息的能力，由此可知， 波影响着人类感知知识的方式。故选C。
【6题详解】
词句猜测题。根据指代关系和第五段“The study also indicates why VR may stimulate these unique brain waves. A big part of it, Mehta puts, may be down to the very different set of stimuli presented in VR.(这项研究还揭示了为什么VR会刺激这些独特的脑电波。Mehta认为，其中很大一部分原因可能是VR中呈现的一系列截然不同的刺激)”可知，下文中指示代词it指代的是上一句中的“独特脑电波的刺激”，故选D。
【7题详解】
推理判断题。根据文章倒数第二段最后一句“A big part of it, Mehta puts, may be down to the very different set of stimuli presented in VR. (Mehta认为，其中很大一部分原因可能是虚拟现实中呈现的一系列截然不同的刺激)”和最后一段“Imagine that you’re approaching a doorway in real life. Your eyes see the door getting larger. But how do you know that you’re moving forward and the door isn’t coming to you The answer is that your brain uses information such as the acceleration of your head through space or the shift of weight from one foot to the other－information that may not be present during a VR experience.(想象一下，你正在接近现实生活中的一个门口。你的眼睛看到门越来越大。但是你怎么知道你在向前走，而那扇门不会向你走来呢 答案是，你的大脑使用的信息，比如你的头部在空间中的加速度，或者从一只脚到另一只脚的重心转移——这些信息在虚拟现实体验中可能不存在)”可知，作者通过对比现实环境与虚拟现实环境所带来的不同效果，来介绍VR所带来的不同刺激，故选B。
C
In the near future, instead of going to your wardrobe (衣柜) to choose something to throw on for your next video call, you might turn to your virtual wardrobe to pick out a 3D digital dress to wear. At least, that's what a number of people in the fashion and tech space are relying on as more businesses look to the promise of digital fashion. Moreover, those virtual clothes won't just be for your video calls, but could eventually be worn all over the virtual world, and eventually, perhaps, viewed on your body in the real world through the Augmented Reality (AR) glasses.
“There are more and more second worlds' where you can express yourself. But there is probably an underestimation of the value being attached to individuals who want to express themselves in a virtual world with a virtual product, through a virtual image,”a marketing officer Robert said. As the field develops, there are two ways of using digital clothes—wearing them yourself through AR and providing digital clothes for your virtual body.
But why should we replace our physical clothes Supporters say there's unlimited creative expression through digital clothes, which now look increasingly more elegant thanks to developments in 3D and AR technology. “Clothing represents an expression of a personality. It always exists in the physical world, and it will exist in the virtual world,” said Simon Whitehouse, a designer.
He explained, “From the brand side, it's incredibly profitable to sell clothes without producing physical clothes. It's reinventing an entire supply chain. There's no water usage, there's very limited CO2 emission. There are no samples being sent out or returned. There are no show rooms, and there's no physical prototype (实物模型).”
8. What can you probably do in the near future according to paragraph 1
A. Open a virtual fashion clothing store.
B. Design 3D digital clothes for yourself.
C. Buy a bigger wardrobe for your bedroom.
D. Wear virtual clothes made by digital technology.
9. What can we infer from Simon's words in paragraph 3
A. AR technology will bring a challenge to people.
B. One's character will be seen in the virtual world.
C. Digital clothes will be more convenient for people.
D. One's expression only can be seen in the physical world.
10. What is Simon's attitude to digital clothing
A. Approving. B. Doubtful.
C. Unclear. D. Grateful.
11. What is the text mainly about
A. The increase in AR glasses. B. The digital fashion in the future.
C. The virtual body in digital clothes. D. AR glasses made by new technology.
【答案】8. D 9. B 10. A 11. B
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇说明文。主要介绍了虚拟服装的概念，以及其未来的发展趋势。虚拟服装可能不仅存在于虚拟世界，还会进入现实世界。
【8题详解】
推理判断题。根据第一段“Moreover, those virtual clothes won't just be for your video calls, but could eventually be worn all over the virtual world, and eventually, perhaps, viewed on your body in the real world through the Augmented Reality (AR) glasses. (此外，这些虚拟衣服将不仅仅为视频通话服务，而是可以穿在整个虚拟世界中，最终也许可以通过AR眼镜看你穿在现实世界中。)”可知，在未来，人们可能会穿由数字科技制成的虚拟服装。故选D项。
【9题详解】
推理判断题。根据第三段““Clothing represents an expression of a personality. It always exists in the physical world, and it will exist in the virtual world,” said Simon Whitehouse, a designer. (“服装是一种个性的表达。它总是存在于真实世界中，也将存在于虚拟世界中。”设计师Simon Whitehouse说。)”可知，Simon认为虚拟世界的服装也可以表达人的个性。故选B项。
【10题详解】
推理判断题。根据最后一段“He explained, “From the brand side, it's incredibly profitable to sell clothes without producing physical clothes. It's reinventing an entire supply chain. There's no water usage, there's very limited CO2 emission. There are no samples being sent out or returned. There are no show rooms, and there's no physical prototype.” (他解释说："从品牌方角度看，在不生产实体服装的情况下销售服装是非常有利可图的。这是对整个供应链的重塑。不使用水，二氧化碳的排放量就非常有限。不用发货退货。不需要展示厅，也不用实物模型。")”可知，Simon认为虚拟服装有很多好处。故选A项。
【11题详解】
主旨大意题。通读全文，文章介绍了虚拟服装的概念，以及其未来的发展趋势。虚拟服装可能不仅存在于虚拟世界，还会进入现实世界。故选B项。
D
Learning is so complex that there are many different psychological theories to explain how people learn. A psychologist named Albert Bandura suggested a social learning theory which shows that observation, imitation, and modeling play a primary role in this process.
In Albert Bandura’s opinion people can learn through observation. Observational learning doesn’t even necessarily require watching another person join in an activity. We can also learn by reading, hearing, or watching the actions of characters in books and films. However, just observing someone else’s actions isn’t always enough for learning. Your own mental state also plays an important role in determining whether a behavior is learned or not. In addition, though in many cases, learning can be seen immediately when the new behavior is displayed, yet sometimes we can learn things even though that learning might not be immediately obvious, which means people can learn new information without showing new behaviors.
Not at observed behaviors are effectively learned. Certain requirements need to be related to the observational learning process. For example, you need to be paying attention. Also your memory is an important part of observational learning as you need to pull up information later and act on it during the process. Once you’ve paid attention to the model and kept the information, it’s time to actually perform the behavior you observed. Further practice of the learned behavior leads to improvement. Finally, you have to be motivated to imitate the behavior that has been modeled.
Social learning theory have many real-world applications. For example, researchers employ it to look into and understand ways that positive role models can be used to encourage desirable behaviors. Besides, it’s also applied in the field of education, and today, both teachers and parents recognize how important it is to model appropriate behaviors.
12. What can we infer about observational learning from paragraph 2
A. Its effects on a person tend to be very obvious.
B. Its effectiveness is determined by the mental stale.
C. It doesn’t necessarily lead to a change in behavior.
D. Its most useful means might be watching and learning.
13. What does the underlined word “it” in paragraph 3 refer to
A. Model. B. Information.
C. Memory. D. Observational learning.
14. What might NOT be required when performing observational learning
A. Trying to be focused. B. Trying to be imaginative.
C. Looking for a motivator. D. Editing and storing information.
15. What can we learn about the social learning theory according to the text
A. It is of practical use. B. It remains to be improved.
C. It was effective at first. D. It is easily and widely applied.
【答案】12. C 13. B 14. B 15. A
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇说明文，学习是如此复杂，以至于有许多不同的心理学理论来解释人们如何学习。本文介绍了心理学家Albert Bandura提出的社会学习理论。
【12题详解】
推理判断题。根据第二段中“However, just observing someone else’s actions isn’t always enough for learning. Your own mental state also plays an important role in determining whether a behavior is learned or not. (然而，仅仅观察别人的行为并不总是足以导致学习。你自己的心理状态在决定一种行为是否被学习方面也起着重要作用)”可以推测出，观察学习并不一定会导致行为的改变。故选C。
【13题详解】
词句猜测题。根据第三段划线词所在句句意“as you need to pull up information later and act on it during the process(因为你需要稍后提取信息并在过程中据此采取行动)”可推测出，it指代前面的information。故选B。
【14题详解】
细节理解题。根据第三段中“For example, you need to be paying attention.(例如，你需要集中注意力)”、“Once you’ve paid attention to the model and kept the information, it’s time to actually perform the behavior you observed.(一旦您注意到模型并保存了信息，就该实际执行您观察到的行为了)”以及“Finally, you have to be motivated to imitate the behavior that has been modeled.(最后，你必须有动力去模仿被模仿的行为)”可知，在进行观察学习时，需要集中注意力，编辑并储存信息以及寻找一个动机，B项“试着富有想象力”未提及，故选B。
【15题详解】
细节理解题。根据第四段中的“Social learning theory can have many real-world applications.(社会学习理论可以在现实世界里有许多应用)”可知，社会学习理论具有实际用途。故选A。
第二节 七选五(共5小题;每小题2.5分，满分12.5分)
阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
Much of the work in today’s world is accomplished(完成) in teams. Most people believe the best way to build a great team is to gather a group of the most talented individuals. ___16___Companies spend millions hiring top business people. Is their money well spent
___17___They focused on football, basketball and baseball. The results are mixed. For football and basketball, adding talented players to a team proves a good method, but only up to the point where 70% of the players are top talent; above that level, the team’s performance begins to decline. Interestingly, this trend isn’t evident in baseball, where additional individual talent keeps improving the team’s performance.
To explain this phenomenon, the researchers explored the degree to which a good performance by a team requires its members to coordinate(协调) their actions. ___18___In baseball, the performance of individual players is less dependent on teammates. They conclude that when task interdependence is high, team performance will suffer when there is too much talent, while individual talent will have positive effects on team performance when task interdependence is lower. If a basketball star is, for example, trying to gain a high personal point total, he may take a shot himself when it would be better to pass the ball to a teammate, affecting the team’s performance. Young children learning to play team sports are often told, “There is no I in TEAM.” ___19___
Another possibility is that when there is a lot of talent on a team, some players may make less effort. Just as in a game of tug-of-war(拔河比赛), whenever a person is added, everyone else pulls the rope with less force.
___20___ An A-team may require a balance--not just A players, but a few generous B players as well.
A. It’s not a simple matter to determine the nature of talent.
B. Sports team owners spend millions of dollars attracting top talent.
C. The group interaction and its effect drew the researchers’ attention.
D. Stars apparently do not follow this basic principle of sportsmanship.
E. Several recent studies examined the role of talent in the sports world.
F. Building up a dream team is more complex than simply hiring the best talent.
G. This task interdependence distinguishes baseball from football and basketball.
【答案】16. B 17. E 18. G 19. D 20. F
【解析】
【分析】这是一篇夹叙夹议的文章。文章主要讲了建立一支最佳阵容球队比简单地雇佣最优秀的人才要复杂得多。一支一流球队可能需要一种平衡——不仅仅是最好球员，也需要一些有雅量的普通球员。
【16题详解】
上文说“大多数人相信建立一个伟大团队的最好方法就是聚集一群最有天赋的个人”。下文说“公司花费数百万雇佣顶级商业人士。”该空承上启下，也是在举例，B选项“运动队老板花费数百万美元吸引顶尖人才。”切题，故选B。
【17题详解】
下文说“他们专注于足球、篮球和棒球。结果有好有坏。”这些都属于体育方面，该空引出下文，E选项“最近的几项研究调查了体育世界中人才的作用。”切题，故选E。
【18题详解】
上文说“为了解释这一现象，研究人员探索了一场好的表现要求队员们协调他们行动的程度”，下文说明了研究结果，该空承上启下，G选项“这项任务的相互依赖性使棒球区别于足球和篮球。”切题，故选G。
【19题详解】
上文说了“一个球星为了个人得分，而影响团队的表现”，该空承接上文，D选项“球星显然没有遵守运动员精神的基本原则”切题，故选D。
【20题详解】
下文说“一支一流球队可能需要一种平衡——不仅仅是最好球员，也需要一些有雅量的普通球员。”该空引出下文，F选项“建立一支最佳阵容球队比简单地雇佣最优秀的人才要复杂得多。”切题，故选F。
第三部分 语言知识运用(共两节，满分30分)
第一节 (共15小题;每小题1分，满分15分)
Alvin, 66, was deep in the woods in Grand Cane, Louisiana, last December when something caught his eye, As Alvin ____21____ he saw that the object was a broken balloon Attached was a piece of paper ____22____ with star stickers.
"Dear Santa," the handwritten ____23____ read. "My name is Luna. I am four years old. I live in Liberal, Kansas. I would like candy, Spider-Man ball, a puppy. With love, Lura."
Moved by the note, Alvin ____24____ the was going to make Luna's wish come true. On January 2, 2021，Alvin posted a photo of the balloon and the Christmas list on his Facebook page, asking for help locating the ____25____. At first, he wasn't confident the____26____ would work. But as he saw the number of people sharing his post climb into the hundreds, "My hope grew into ____27____.” Alvin says.
Meanwhile, Leticia, Luna' mother, whose family had a hard time in the past year, had no idea that such an effort was ____28____ One day in early January, "Someone found Luna's balloon." said a friend in the call. ____29____ by her friend many times, she logged on to Facebook and saw Alvin's post. Leticia was____30____. But, before reaching out to Alvin, she____31____She hadn't really expected anyone would find the balloons, let alone____32____to buy gifts for her daughter. When Alvin told her it would mean a lot to him to____33____ the girl's wishes, she agreed to let him send some gifs.
Now, after having received much ____34____Leticia and Luna intend to pay it forward. "Luckily, our prayers are answered," she says. “When you ask for something, it may not happen ____35____ but it will happen some day."
21. A. returned B. settled C. wandered D. approached
22. A. filled B. mixed C. wrapped D. decorated
23. A. note B. diary C. poster D. notice
24. A. explained B. admitted C. decided D. reported
25 A. editor B. sender C. sponsor D. organizer
26. A. advice B. desire C. strategy D. preparation
27. A. regrets B. doubts C. expectations D. curiosity
28. A. under way B. on air C. at hand D. in need
29. A. Tricked B. Warmed C. Scolded D. Urged
30. A. bored B. touched C. shocked D. interested
31. A. hesitated B. insisted C. suffered D. complained
32. A. struggle B. offer C. afford D. continue
33. A. discover B. spread C. realize D. treasure
34. A. respect B. generosity C. guidance D. education
35. A. immediately B. completely C. eventually D. roughly
【答案】21. D 22. D 23. A 24. C 25. B 26. C 27. C 28. A 29. D 30. B 31. A 32. B 33. C 34. B 35. A
【解析】
【分析】这是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲了一个人帮助素不相识的小女孩实现愿望的故事。
【21题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：当Alvin 走近时，他看到这个物体是一个破损气球。A. returned返回；B. settled定居；C. wandered徘徊；D. approached接近。上句“something caught his eye”可知，有东西吸引了他的注意力，所以他要走近看一看。故选D。
【22题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：上面附有一张装饰着星星贴纸的纸。A. filled填满；B. mixed混合；C. wrapped包裹；D. decorated装饰。本句“with star stickers”可知，纸上用贴纸装饰。故选D。
【23题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：“亲爱的圣诞老人，”手写的字条上写着。A. note便条；B. diary日记；C. poster海报；D. notice布告。上句“a piece of paper”可知，这是一张纸、一张便条。故选A。
【24题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：被这张纸条感动，Alvin决定这将使卢娜的愿望成真。A. explained解释；B. admitted承认；C. decided决定；D. reported报道。本句“make Luna's wish come true”可知，Alvin 感动了，决定要帮她。故选C。
【25题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：2021年1月2日，Alvin 在他的 Facebook 页面上发布了一张气球和圣诞名单的照片，请求帮助定位发件人。A. editor编辑；B. sender发件人；C. sponsor赞助商；D. organizer组织者。本句“on his Facebook page”可知，他把照片发布到网上，想让大家帮助共同寻找通过气球发信息的那个人。故选B。
【26题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：起初，他不相信这个策略会奏效。A. advice建议；B. desire愿望；C. strategy策略；D. preparation准备。上句“Alvin posted a photo of the balloon and the Christmas list on his Facebook page”可知，把照片传到网上是他采用的策略。故选C。
【27题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：我的希望变成了期望。A. regrets后悔；B. doubts怀疑；C. expectations期待；D. curiosity好奇心。本句“climb into the hundreds”可知，转载他帖子的人数越来越多，他的希望逐渐变成可能性更大的期待。故选C。
【28题详解】
考查介词短语词义辨析。句意：与此同时，Luna 的母亲，过去一年的日子过得很艰难，却不知道这样的努力正在发生。A. under way进行中；B. on air在播放；C. at hand手头；D. in need需要。上文“Alvin posted a photo”可知，全网都在努力寻找发送气球信息的人，即努力正在进行。故选A。
【29题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：在朋友的多次催促下，她登录Facebook，看到了Alvin的帖子。A. Tricked欺骗；B. Warmed使温暖；C. Scolded责骂；D. Urged敦促。本句“many times”可知，朋友催了她很多次。故选D。
【30题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：Leticia被感动了。A. bored无聊；B. touched感动；C. shocked震惊；D. interested感兴趣。本句“saw Alvin's post”可知，她上网看到了Alvin 的努力，被感动了。故选B。
【31题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：但是，在联系Alvin 之前，她犹豫了一下。A. hesitated犹豫；B. insisted坚持；C. suffered受苦；D. complained抱怨。下句“She hadn't really expected anyone would find the balloons”可知，她没想到有人会做这些，不愿意相信，所以犹豫了。故选A。
【32题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：她没想到会有人找到气球，更不用说给女儿买礼物了。A. struggle斗争；B. offer提供；C. afford负担；D. continue继续。上文“make Luna's wish come true”可知，Alvin 会主动提出帮助小女孩实现愿望。故选B。
【33题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：当Alvin 告诉她实现女孩的愿望对他来说意义重大时，她同意让他发送一些礼物。A. discover发现；B. spread传播；C. realize意识到、实现；D. treasure珍惜。上文“make Luna's wish come true”可知，Alvin 要帮助小女孩实现愿望。故选C。
【34题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：现在，在得到了很多慷慨之后，Leticia和 Luna 打算把爱传出去。A. respect尊重；B. generosity慷慨；C. guidance指导；D. education教育。上文“make Luna's wish come true”可知，Alvin 要帮助小女孩实现愿望，这体现了他的慷慨。故选B。
【35题详解】
考查副词词义辨析。句意：当你想要什么时，它可能不会立即发生，但总有一天会发生。A. immediately立即；B. completely完全；C. eventually最终；D. roughly大概。本句“some day”可知，这里强调可能不会立刻发生，但终有一日会发生。故选A。
第二节(共10小题;每小题1.5分,满分15分)
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
Chengdu Du Fu Thatched Cottage, ____36____ (locate) by the Blossom Bathing Brook of Chengdu City, is the former residence of Du Fu, a great poet of Tang Dynasty of China. In the winter of AD 759, Du Fu and his family ____37____ (flee) to Chengdu in order to seek refuge from the “Rebellion of An Lushan and Shi Siming”. Beside the beautiful Blossom Bathing Brook, he built a thatched cottage named “Chengdu Thatched Cottage”, ____38____ he lived for nearly 4 years. ____39____ all the poems he wrote there, more than 240 are still read. These monumental poems endow the Cottage with profound cultural significance, ____40____ (make) it a sacred land in the history of Chinese Literature.
Covering an area of 190,000 square meters, the Cottage is the biggest, best preserved and ____41____ (distinctive) relic in memory of Du Fu in China. In the center of the hall, a bronze statue of Du Fu, made by Liu Kaiqu, a famous sculptor of our country, ____42____ (place) in the center of the hall.
Chinese critics from the Song Dynasty referred to Du Fu ____43____ the “poet-historian”. Both before and after the An Lushan Rebellion. Du Fu witnessed a typical political and social situation. The common people still lived in ____44____ (poor) while the emperor and his top officials enjoyed a foolishly luxurious life. He composed many poems such as “Song of the War Chariots”, “Three Officials”, and “Three Departures”. _____45_____ he expressed in his poems are the dissatisfaction with the government and his great pity for the common people.
【答案】36. located
37. fled 38. where
39. Of 40. making
41. most distinctive
42 is placed
43. as 44. poverty
45. What
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了中国唐代大诗人杜甫及其故居——成都杜甫草堂。
【36题详解】
考查非谓语动词。句意：成都杜甫草堂位于成都市花浴溪畔，是中国唐代大诗人杜甫的故居。固定短语be located by“坐落于”，此处省略be动词，使用过去分词，作后置定语，修饰cottage。故填located。
【37题详解】
考查动词时态。句意：公元759年冬，杜甫一家为了躲避“安禄山史思明之乱”，逃往成都。此处作句子的谓语动词，陈述过去的事情，应用一般过去时。故填fled。
【38题详解】
考查定语从句。句意：在美丽的花浴溪旁，他建了一间茅草屋，名叫“成都草堂”，在那里住了近四年。此处是定语从句，先行词为cottage，关系词指代先行词，在定语从句中作地点状语，应用关系副词where引导。故填where。
【39题详解】
考查介词。句意：在他在那里写的所有诗歌中，有240多首仍有人阅读。根据句意可知，“more than 240 ”是“all the poems he wrote there”中的，应用介词of。故填Of。
【40题详解】
考查非谓语动词。句意：这些不朽的诗篇赋予茅草堂深厚的文化意义，使其成为中国文学史上的一块圣地。此处表示一种自然而然的结果，应用现在分词，作结果状语。故填making。
【41题详解】
考查形容词最高级。句意：杜甫草堂占地19万平方米，是中国规模最大、保存最完好、最具特色的杜甫纪念文物。此处与the biggest, best preserved是平行结构，应用最高级作定语，修饰relic。故填most distinctive。
【42题详解】
考查动词语态。句意：在大厅的中心，一尊杜甫的铜像，由我国著名的雕塑家刘开渠制作，放置在大厅的中心。句子缺谓语，且主语和动词之间是被动关系，句子陈述客观事实，应用一般现在时，且主语为第三人称单数。故填is placed。
【43题详解】
考查介词。句意：中国宋朝的评论家称杜甫为“诗史学家”。固定短语refer to sb. as“称某人为”。故填as。
【44题详解】
考查名词。句意：普通百姓仍然生活在贫困中，而皇帝和他的高级官员享受着愚蠢的奢侈生活。此处作介词in的宾语，应用名词poverty“贫困”，不可数名词。故填poverty。
【45题详解】
考查名词性从句。句意：他在诗中表达的是对政府的不满和对平民的深切同情。此处是主语从句，从句缺宾语，指代表达的内容，应用连接代词what引导。故填What。
第四节 写作(满分40分)
第一节 应用文写作(满分15分)
46. 上周日你校举行了“变废为宝(From Waste to Wealth)”创意比赛。请你为校英语角写一篇报道，内容包括：
1.比赛目的；2.比赛过程；3.谈谈反响。
注意：1.词数80左右； 2.可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯；
________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
【答案】范文：
To improve students’ awareness of saving resources, our school held a creative competition themed “From Waste to Wealth” last Sunday.
During the competition, representatives from each class presented their works recycled from commonly used materials like bottles or waste paper. The fantastic vases, the lovely paper cuttings and a variety of handicrafts left a deep impression on us. The live creating part received warm applause from the audience from time to time. At the end of the competition, excellent works were selected to be displayed at the art gallery of our school.
We all agree it is our duty to save resources and make contributions to the sustainable development of the world.
【解析】
【导语】本篇书面表达属于开放性作文。要求考生为校英语角写一篇报道，报道学校上周举办的“变废为宝(From Waste to Wealth)”创意比赛的情况。
【详解】1. 词汇积累
代表：representative → delegate
极好的：fantastic → wonderful
各种各样的：a variety of → all kinds of
责任：duty → responsibility
2.句式拓展
非谓语动词作定语转换为定语从句的结构
原句：To improve students awareness of saving resources, our school held a creative competition themed “From Waste to Wealth” last Sunday.
拓展句：To improve students awareness of saving resources, our school held a creative competition whose theme was “From Waste to Wealth” last Sunday.
【点睛】【高分句型1】To improve students’ awareness of saving resources, our school held a creative competition themed “From Waste to Wealth” last Sunday.（运用了过去分词作定语）
【高分句型2】We all agree it is our duty to save resources and make contributions to the sustainable development of the world.（运用了省略that的宾语从句）
第二节
47. 阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成篇完整的短文。
December 5, 2012, was a very special day for Josephine and Scott Lansing, as it marked the fourth adoption for the Lansings.
When they began the journey to adopt their first daughter, Cloe, years ago, Josephine and Scott Lansing never imagined they would eventually have a house full of girls. The couple later adopted Josie in 2011 and Annabelle in 2012. For the Lansing family, adoption is about giving every child the opportunity to grow healthily in a loving home. Scott and Josephine are great advocates for each of their daughters, and they make sure each child knows how special and loved they are.
In February of 2009, Bethany entered into the care of Child Protective Services due to her mother's inability to care for her and her brothers and sisters. Her experiences made it very difficult for her to trust adults, since she learned from an early age that she could only count on herself. She lived in a shelter for several months before moving into a foster home (寄养家庭). Still, Bethany struggled to understand why she had been taken away from the only family she had known. In May of 2010, Bethany was placed at Helping Hand Home for Children's Residential Treatment Center, where her journey to returning to normal finally began. With the patience, support, and guidance of the Helping Hand Home staff, Bethany developed healthy, appropriate ways to express her emotions. She was taught to respect herself, and she learned that it was okay to trust others.
When Bethany was introduced to the Lansing family in June of 2012, the meeting did not go as smoothly as everyone hoped. Bethany's insecurities resurfaced due to the suffering she experienced at such a young age, and she refused to talk or even look at the Lansings at their first meeting.
注意:1.续写词数应150左右:
2.请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
But the Lansing family had no intention to give up.
______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Later, Bethany experienced a lot of exciting things.
______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
【答案】But the Lansing family had no intention to give up. They were patient with Bethany and explained that they wanted to get to know her better and hoped she would one day be part of their family. The other girls shared their stories of coming from the foster care system, and they told her how scared they had been about meeting a new family too and how happy they were now. Soon Bethany’s anxiety eased, and she agreed to go and see her new home. (77 words)
Later, Bethany experienced a lot of exciting things. From many hours spent at the neighborhood pool to her first trip to the beach, Bethany now lived the life every child deserves. The Lansings celebrated Bethany’s 11th birthday with a superb cruise. When Bethany returns to Helping Hand Home to visit, the first thing everyone comments on is her self-confidence. The little girl who was once afraid to make eye contact is now a secure, funny young lady who would talk your ear off. (77 words)
【解析】
【分析】这是一篇记叙文。Josephine和Scott Lansing几年来相继收养了Cloe，Josie，Annabelle三位女孩，并给她们提供了健康幸福的成长环境。因为家庭原因，Bethany不得不接受寄养家庭，但是她的童年经历使得她不信任任何人，在Helping Hand Home工作人员的帮助下，她的性格有了些许好转，但是在与Lansing一家会面时，还是有些抵触。
【详解】1.段落续写：
①由第一段首句内容“但Lansing一家并不打算放弃。”可知，第一段可描写Lansing一家合力劝导Bethany。
②由第二段首句内容“后来，Bethany经历了许多激动人心的事情。”可知，第二段可描写Bethany的经历和变化。
2.续写线索：女孩们分享经历——Bethany不再抗拒——外出游玩——Bethany的变化
3.词汇激活
行为类
①.想做某事：want to do/would like to do
②.看看：see/have a look at
③.返回：return to/go back to
情绪类
①.害怕的：scared/frightened
②.幸福的： happy/blissful
【点睛】[高分句型1]They were patient with Bethany and explained that they wanted to get to know her better and hoped she would one day be part of their family.（运用了that引导的宾语从句）
[高分句型2]When Bethany returns to Helping Hand Home to visit, the first thing everyone comments on is her self-confidence. （运用了when引导的状语从句）
1-5.ABCAA 6-10.CBABB 11-15.ABCAA 16-20.CCBBC定远育才学校2022-2023学年度第一学期高三期中考试
高三英语
第一部分 听力(共两节，满分30分)
第一节 (共5小题;每小题1.5分，满分7.5分)
听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的 A、B、C 三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。
1. What month is it now
A. January. B. February. C. March.
2. What do we know about the boy
A. He prefers eating cold food.
B. He ate something else in advance.
C. He doesn’t like his mom’s cooking.
3. Where did the woman go before the meal
A. To her home. B. To a cinema. C. To a cafe.
4. Where does the conversation take place
A. On a train. B. In an elevator. C. In a taxi.
5. How did the man get his shirt
A. From his father. B. From an e-mall.
C. From a souvenir shop.
听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有2至4个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听每段对话或独白前，你将有5秒钟的时间阅读各个小题;听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。
听第6段材料，回答第6、7题。
6. Who will be the audience for the man’s presentation
A. His tutor. B. Senior students. C. Freshmen.
7. Where is the presentation going to be held
A. In the school library. B. In the school theatre. C. In the Students’ Union.
听第7段材料，回答第8、9题。
8 When is the garbage can emptied usually
A. Wednesday. B. Thursday. C. Friday.
9. Where was the announcement posted
A. On a website. B. On a notice board. C. On the newspaper.
听第8段材料，回答第10至12题。
10. How long has the fridge been used approximately
A. 9 years. B. 10 years. C. 11 years.
11. What’s wrong with the fridge
A. It’s too noisy. B. It stops working. C. It costs too much.
12. What was the matter with the door of the fridge
A. It fell down. B. It didn’t stay shut. C. It couldn’t be opened.
听第9段材料，回答第13至16题。
13. What job does the girl decide to take
A. Receptionist. B. Manager Assistant. C. Office assistant.
14. What’s the duty of the job
A. Answering phone calls. B. Making phone calls. C. Talking face to face.
15. What’s the time of the interview
A. 10:30 a.m. Friday. B. 10:30 a.m. Thursday. C. 11:30 a.m. Friday.
16. Where does this conversation take place
A. Over the phone. B. On social media. C. In the office.
听第10段材料，回答第17至20题。
17. When did the speaker buy his ticket
A. Three months in advance.
B. Five to ten days in advance.
C. Three weeks in advance.
18. How much does a guide generally pay for a plane ticket
A. Half of the regular fare.
B. One quarter of the regular fare.
C. Two-thirds of the regular fare.
19. Where can senior and youth passes be used
A. In India. B. In Europe. C. In Japan.
20. What does the speaker mainly talk about
A. How to buy train tickets. B. How to travel on a plane. C. How to travel for less.
第二部分 阅读理解(共两节，满分50分)
第一节 (共15题;每小题2.5分，满分37.5分)
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项(A, B,C或D)中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。
A
History Fair Competition
Understanding history is vital to understanding ourselves as a people and as a nation. History is much more than the study of dusty old objects and events long past. It is an essential part of who we are today and who we will become. Thornton Middle School History Fair Competition makes understanding history exciting, engaging, and fun!
This Year’s Theme
All participants must address how communication or transportation technology has promoted the quality of life for Americans throughout history. To many people, technology means computers, hand—held devices, or vehicles that travel to distant planets. However, technology is also the application of scientific knowledge to solve a problem, touching lives in countless ways.
Individuals or groups may enter one of the following categories:
Performance
Documentary
Essay Writing
Category Requirements
Performance: A dramatic presentation of the topic no more than 10 minutes long. If special clothes are used, they should truly represent a given period.
Documentary: A visual presentation ( such as a video,slide show,or computer project) no more than 10minutes long. A desktop computer,screen,projector,and loudspeakers will be available. Students must provide their presentations on CDs before Friday,March 23.
Essay Writing: An academic paper of 2000 to 2,500 words. No illustrations(图解) are allowed. Please do not include covers. A list of references must be included.
Important Dates
January 5 Submit a topic proposal to your history teacher. The teacher may require a second proposal if the first is off—topic or unclear.
February 19 A committee of teachers will evaluate materials and give opinions. Students then have an opportunity to improve their products.
March 9 Submit a final draft of your essay.
March 15 Performance and documentary committee preview
March 24 Thornton Middle School History Fair Competition
7:00A.M—9:00 A.M Participants signing in at the gym
10: 00A.M. 6:petition and judges' review
7: 00P.M. Awards ceremony and picnic
1. What's the main purpose of understanding history
A. To preserve national traditions.
B. To prepare for a history competition.
C. To better know the present and future.
D. To further explore historical mysteries.
2. What is the theme of this year's competition
A. Technology advances science.
B. Science interacts with technology.
C. Science has made the study of history easy.
D. Technology has improved the life of Americans.
3. What will the committee of teachers do on February 19
A. Make comments on the materials.
B. Improve the participant's second proposal.
C. Preview performances and documentaries.
D. Collect a second proposal from the participant.
B
Virtual realty can improve brain activity that may be crucial for leaning, memory and even treating Alzheimer’s, a study on rats has found.
After monitoring the rats’ brain activity, researchers from the University of California Los Angeles discovered electrical activity in a region known as the hippocampus neurons (海马体神经元) differed depending on whether the rats were placed in real-world or VR environments. The new findings are significant as the hippocampus is a primary driver of learning and memory in the brain.
When rats walk around in real life, electrical activity in the hippocampus appears to synchronize (同步发生) at a rate of eight heartbeats per second. Heartbeats at this frequency are generally known as “theta ( ) waves”, with stronger waves seeming to improve the brain's ability to learn and keep sensory information. When placed in a VR environment, the rat’s waves became stronger.
“It turns out that amazing things happen when the rat is in virtual reality” said Prof Mayank Mehta from UCLA. The scientists also found that VR environments could change different electrical rhythms (节律) in different parts of the neurons, which indicates that scientists may be able to control human brain rhythms.
“This is a new technology that has great potential,” Mehta said. The study also indicates why VR may stimulate these unique brain waves. A big part of it, Mehta puts, may be down to the very different set of stimuli presented in VR.
Imagine that you’re approaching a doorway in real life. Your eyes see the door getting larger. But how do you know that you’re moving forward and the door isn’t coming to you The answer is that your brain uses information such as the acceleration of your head through space or the shift of weight from one foot to the other－information that may not be present during a VR experience.
4. According to the passage, why are the new findings important
A. VR’s contributions to learning have finally been identified.
B. VR can affect electrical activity in the hippocampus neurons.
C. VR produces the same effects on brains as real environments.
D. VR is likely to become another driver for learning and memory.
5. What can we learn about waves
A. They don’t respond to different brain rhythms.
B. They remain stable in different environments.
C. They affect how human perceive knowledge.
D. They have lite to do with the rate of heartbeats.
6. What does the underlined word “it” in Paragraph 5 refer to
A. The potential of the new technology.
B The control of human brain rhythms.
C. The change in different parts of neurons.
D The stimulation of the unique brain waves.
7. How does the author introduce VR’s different set of stimuli
A. By conducting further tests on rats. B. By comparing different environments.
C. By providing a detailed analysis D. By explaining the theory of VR.
C
In the near future, instead of going to your wardrobe (衣柜) to choose something to throw on for your next video call, you might turn to your virtual wardrobe to pick out a 3D digital dress to wear. At least, that's what a number of people in the fashion and tech space are relying on as more businesses look to the promise of digital fashion. Moreover, those virtual clothes won't just be for your video calls, but could eventually be worn all over the virtual world, and eventually, perhaps, viewed on your body in the real world through the Augmented Reality (AR) glasses.
“There are more and more second worlds' where you can express yourself. But there is probably an underestimation of the value being attached to individuals who want to express themselves in a virtual world with a virtual product, through a virtual image,”a marketing officer Robert said. As the field develops, there are two ways of using digital clothes—wearing them yourself through AR and providing digital clothes for your virtual body.
But why should we replace our physical clothes Supporters say there's unlimited creative expression through digital clothes, which now look increasingly more elegant thanks to developments in 3D and AR technology. “Clothing represents an expression of a personality. It always exists in the physical world, and it will exist in the virtual world,” said Simon Whitehouse, a designer.
He explained, “From the brand side, it's incredibly profitable to sell clothes without producing physical clothes. It's reinventing an entire supply chain. There's no water usage, there's very limited CO2 emission. There are no samples being sent out or returned. There are no show rooms, and there's no physical prototype (实物模型).”
8. What can you probably do in the near future according to paragraph 1
A. Open a virtual fashion clothing store.
B. Design 3D digital clothes for yourself.
C. Buy a bigger wardrobe for your bedroom.
D. Wear virtual clothes made by digital technology.
9. What can we infer from Simon's words in paragraph 3
A. AR technology will bring a challenge to people.
B. One's character will be seen in the virtual world.
C. Digital clothes will be more convenient for people.
D. One's expression only can be seen in the physical world.
10. What is Simon's attitude to digital clothing
A. Approving. B. Doubtful.
C. Unclear. D. Grateful.
11. What is the text mainly about
A. The increase in AR glasses. B. The digital fashion in the future.
C. The virtual body in digital clothes. D. AR glasses made by new technology.
D
Learning is so complex that there are many different psychological theories to explain how people learn. A psychologist named Albert Bandura suggested a social learning theory which shows that observation, imitation, and modeling play a primary role in this process.
In Albert Bandura’s opinion, people can learn through observation. Observational learning doesn’t even necessarily require watching another person join in an activity. We can also learn by reading, hearing, or watching the actions of characters in books and films. However, just observing someone else’s actions isn’t always enough for learning. Your own mental state also plays an important role in determining whether a behavior is learned or not. In addition, though in many cases, learning can be seen immediately when the new behavior is displayed, yet sometimes we can learn things even though that learning might not be immediately obvious, which means people can learn new information without showing new behaviors.
Not at observed behaviors are effectively learned. Certain requirements need to be related to the observational learning process. For example, you need to be paying attention. Also your memory is an important part of observational learning as you need to pull up information later and act on it during the process. Once you’ve paid attention to the model and kept the information, it’s time to actually perform the behavior you observed. Further practice of the learned behavior leads to improvement. Finally, you have to be motivated to imitate the behavior that has been modeled.
Social learning theory have many real-world applications. For example, researchers employ it to look into and understand ways that positive role models can be used to encourage desirable behaviors. Besides, it’s also applied in the field of education, and today, both teachers and parents recognize how important it is to model appropriate behaviors.
12. What can we infer about observational learning from paragraph 2
A. Its effects on a person tend to be very obvious.
B. Its effectiveness is determined by the mental stale.
C. It doesn’t necessarily lead to a change in behavior.
D. Its most useful means might be watching and learning.
13. What does the underlined word “it” in paragraph 3 refer to
A. Model. B. Information.
C. Memory. D. Observational learning.
14. What might NOT be required when performing observational learning
A. Trying to be focused. B. Trying to be imaginative.
C. Looking for a motivator. D. Editing and storing information.
15. What can we learn about the social learning theory according to the text
A. It is of practical use. B. It remains to be improved.
C. It was effective at first. D. It is easily and widely applied.
第二节 七选五(共5小题;每小题2.5分，满分12.5分)
阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
Much of the work in today’s world is accomplished(完成) in teams. Most people believe the best way to build a great team is to gather a group of the most talented individuals. ___16___Companies spend millions hiring top business people. Is their money well spent
___17___They focused on football, basketball and baseball. The results are mixed. For football and basketball, adding talented players to a team proves a good method, but only up to the point where 70% of the players are top talent; above that level, the team’s performance begins to decline. Interestingly, this trend isn’t evident in baseball, where additional individual talent keeps improving the team’s performance.
To explain this phenomenon, the researchers explored the degree to which a good performance by a team requires its members to coordinate(协调) their actions. ___18___In baseball, the performance of individual players is less dependent on teammates. They conclude that when task interdependence is high, team performance will suffer when there is too much talent, while individual talent will have positive effects on team performance when task interdependence is lower. If a basketball star is, for example, trying to gain a high personal point total, he may take a shot himself when it would be better to pass the ball to a teammate, affecting the team’s performance. Young children learning to play team sports are often told, “There is no I in TEAM.” ___19___
Another possibility is that when there is a lot of talent on a team, some players may make less effort. Just as in a game of tug-of-war(拔河比赛), whenever a person is added, everyone else pulls the rope with less force.
___20___ An A-team may require a balance--not just A players, but a few generous B players as well.
A. It’s not a simple matter to determine the nature of talent.
B. Sports team owners spend millions of dollars attracting top talent.
C. The group interaction and its effect drew the researchers’ attention.
D. Stars apparently do not follow this basic principle of sportsmanship.
E. Several recent studies examined the role of talent in the sports world.
F. Building up a dream team is more complex than simply hiring the best talent.
G. This task interdependence distinguishes baseball from football and basketball.
第三部分 语言知识运用(共两节，满分30分)
第一节 (共15小题;每小题1分，满分15分)
Alvin, 66, was deep in the woods in Grand Cane, Louisiana, last December when something caught his eye, As Alvin ____21____ he saw that the object was a broken balloon Attached was a piece of paper ____22____ with star stickers.
"Dear Santa," the handwritten ____23____ read. "My name is Luna. I am four years old. I live in Liberal, Kansas. I would like candy, Spider-Man ball, a puppy. With love, Lura."
Moved by the note, Alvin ____24____ the was going to make Luna's wish come true. On January 2, 2021，Alvin posted a photo of the balloon and the Christmas list on his Facebook page, asking for help locating the ____25____. At first, he wasn't confident the____26____ would work. But as he saw the number of people sharing his post climb into the hundreds, "My hope grew into ____27____.” Alvin says.
Meanwhile Leticia, Luna' mother, whose family had a hard time in the past year, had no idea that such an effort was ____28____ One day in early January, "Someone found Luna's balloon." said a friend in the call. ____29____ by her friend many times, she logged on to Facebook and saw Alvin's post. Leticia was____30____. But, before reaching out to Alvin, she____31____She hadn't really expected anyone would find the balloons, let alone____32____to buy gifts for her daughter. When Alvin told her it would mean a lot to him to____33____ the girl's wishes, she agreed to let him send some gifs.
Now, after having received much ____34____Leticia and Luna intend to pay it forward. "Luckily, our prayers are answered," she says. “When you ask for something, it may not happen ____35____ but it will happen some day."
21. A. returned B. settled C. wandered D. approached
22. A. filled B. mixed C. wrapped D. decorated
23. A. note B. diary C. poster D. notice
24. A. explained B. admitted C. decided D. reported
25. A. editor B. sender C. sponsor D. organizer
26. A. advice B. desire C. strategy D. preparation
27. A. regrets B. doubts C. expectations D. curiosity
28. A. under way B. on air C. at hand D. in need
29. A. Tricked B. Warmed C. Scolded D. Urged
30. A. bored B. touched C. shocked D. interested
31. A. hesitated B. insisted C. suffered D. complained
32. A. struggle B. offer C. afford D. continue
33. A. discover B. spread C. realize D. treasure
34. A. respect B. generosity C. guidance D. education
35. A. immediately B. completely C. eventually D. roughly
第二节(共10小题;每小题1.5分,满分15分)
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
Chengdu Du Fu Thatched Cottage, ____36____ (locate) by the Blossom Bathing Brook of Chengdu City, is the former residence of Du Fu, a great poet of Tang Dynasty of China. In the winter of AD 759, Du Fu and his family ____37____ (flee) to Chengdu in order to seek refuge from the “Rebellion of An Lushan and Shi Siming”. Beside the beautiful Blossom Bathing Brook, he built a thatched cottage named “Chengdu Thatched Cottage”, ____38____ he lived for nearly 4 years. ____39____ all the poems he wrote there, more than 240 are still read. These monumental poems endow the Cottage with profound cultural significance, ____40____ (make) it a sacred land in the history of Chinese Literature.
Covering an area of 190,000 square meters, the Cottage is the biggest, best preserved and ____41____ (distinctive) relic in memory of Du Fu in China. In the center of the hall, a bronze statue of Du Fu, made by Liu Kaiqu, a famous sculptor of our country, ____42____ (place) in the center of the hall.
Chinese critics from the Song Dynasty referred to Du Fu ____43____ the “poet-historian”. Both before and after the An Lushan Rebellion. Du Fu witnessed a typical political and social situation. The common people still lived in ____44____ (poor) while the emperor and his top officials enjoyed a foolishly luxurious life. He composed many poems such as “Song of the War Chariots”, “Three Officials”, and “Three Departures”. _____45_____ he expressed in his poems are the dissatisfaction with the government and his great pity for the common people.
第四节 写作(满分40分)
第一节 应用文写作(满分15分)
46. 上周日你校举行了“变废为宝(From Waste to Wealth)”创意比赛。请你为校英语角写一篇报道，内容包括：
1.比赛目的；2.比赛过程；3.谈谈反响。
注意：1.词数80左右； 2.可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯；
________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
第二节
47. 阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成篇完整的短文。
December 5, 2012, was a very special day for Josephine and Scott Lansing, as it marked the fourth adoption for the Lansings.
When they began the journey to adopt their first daughter, Cloe, years ago, Josephine and Scott Lansing never imagined they would eventually have a house full of girls. The couple later adopted Josie in 2011 and Annabelle in 2012. For the Lansing family, adoption is about giving every child the opportunity to grow healthily in a loving home. Scott and Josephine are great advocates for each of their daughters, and they make sure each child knows how special and loved they are.
In February of 2009, Bethany entered into the care of Child Protective Services due to her mother's inability to care for her and her brothers and sisters. Her experiences made it very difficult for her to trust adults, since she learned from an early age that she could only count on herself. She lived in a shelter for several months before moving into a foster home (寄养家庭). Still, Bethany struggled to understand why she had been taken away from the only family she had known. In May of 2010, Bethany was placed at Helping Hand Home for Children's Residential Treatment Center, where her journey to returning to normal finally began. With the patience, support, and guidance of the Helping Hand Home staff, Bethany developed healthy, appropriate ways to express her emotions. She was taught to respect herself, and she learned that it was okay to trust others.
When Bethany was introduced to the Lansing family in June of 2012, the meeting did not go as smoothly as everyone hoped. Bethany's insecurities resurfaced due to the suffering she experienced at such a young age, and she refused to talk or even look at the Lansings at their first meeting.
注意:1.续写词数应为150左右:
2.请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
But the Lansing family had no intention to give up.
______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Later, Bethany experienced a lot of exciting things.
______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
1-5.ABCAA 6-10.CBABB 11-15.ABCAA 16-20.CCBBC