高中试卷答案网太康一高2022-2023学年度高二年级上期第一次月考
英 语 试 卷
(考试时间：120分钟 试卷满分：150分)
第一部分 听力(略)
第二部分 阅读理解(共两节，满分40分)
第一节 (共15小题;每小题2分，满分30分)
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项(A、B、C和D)中,选出最佳选项。并在答题卡上将该选项涂黑．
A
Some of the most beautiful national parks in the UK
Snowdonia
North Wales’s national park boasts mountain and sea views: Several of its peaks gaze across to Ireland and it has miles of sandy beaches. You can climb Wales’s highest mountain without working up a sweat by catching an old-fashioned train. Those who pursue excitement can choose zip lines, bounce down mountain bike trails or catch breaks at an inland surfing.
Cairngorms
The UK’s biggest national park is home to its mightiest mountains: Five out of six of Scotland’s highest peaks are found here. Lying in the heart of the highlands, the Cairngorms mountain range still has vast areas of pure wilderness and is one of the chilliest places in the country. For much of the year, its peaks are blanketed in snow and you can ski there in winter.
Peak District
Sandwiched between Manchester and Sheffield, England’s oldest national park has two personalities: A tough and a gentle side. In the north are dramatic edges like Kinder Scout which rewards adventurous walkers with stark views. Venture south for the lower, greener, grass-covered valleys of the White Peak. Walk along the Ecclesbourne Valley to experience both in one day.
New Forest
The New Forest is surprisingly old: William the Conqueror named it when he used to hunt deer and wild pigs here nearly 1,000 years ago. Confusingly, this picturesque corner of southern England isn’t completely covered in woodland either—it also has acres of woodland and miles of muddy coast. The terrain is gentle, and you’re guaranteed a sighting of its free-walking horses.
1. How can visitors climb Wales’s highest mountain without sweating
A. By taking a train. B. By riding a bike.
C. By taking a cable car. D. By traveling in a plane.
2. What do we know about Peak District
A. It is a good habitat for horses. B. It offers visitors two totally different views.
C. It is a newly-built national park in England. D. Its name was given by William the Conqueror.
3. What type of writing is the text
A. A guide. B. A review. C. A notice. D. A report.
B
Thousands of encouraging roadside signs have been planted around the world, and it’s all thanks to one woman who felt helpless in the face of mental illness.
Amy Wolff was first encouraged to start planting the encouraging signs after she had a heartbreaking discussion with a friend in May 2017. “We were hanging out with friends when one of them mentioned the growing number of people trying to kill themselves in our community,” says Wolff. “I wasn’t a doctor. I didn’t know of anyone suffering from thoughts of self-harm. What could I do ”
Then Wolff got the idea to start planting encouraging signs in people’s yards. For the following two weeks, she and her kids started knocking on people’s doors across their town of Newburg, Oregon and asking if they could put up signs with messages like “Don’t Give Up” and “Your Mistakes Don’t Define You”.
Wolff then started receiving messages from other people in the community wanting to buy the signs. Within a few days, Wolff had sold over 150 of the yard signs. That night, Wolff’s husband created a website to sell the signs.
“Within a year, we had news media in Dallas, Boston, Massachusetts, and Portland cover our movement,” she added. By the fall of 2018, Wolff set up the Don’t Give Up organization for her signs. Since she planted her first sign two years ago, she has shipped the organizations messages of encouragement to all 50 US states and 26 countries in 6 languages.
With May being Mental Health Awareness Month, the messages that Wolff has received from sign owners are meaningful. One message from Frank reads: “I just had a woman knock on my door. She began to cry and thank me for the signs in my yard. Her son had tried to kill himself and these signs were in the yard the day they came home from the hospital.”
4. What led to Amy Wolff taking action to help people with mental illness
A. Her friends suggestions. B. The things done by Don t Give Up.
C. Her own experience of fighting against mental illness. D. The increasing self-killing events in her community.
5. What did Wolff do to help people with mental illness
A. She raised money for people in need. B. She attended courses to become a doctor.
C. She asked people to put up encouraging signs. D. She visited people and encouraged them in person.
6. Why did the woman visit Frank
A. To say thank you to him. B. To ask him the way to hospital.
C. To call for help in saving her son. D. To ask about the signs in his yard.
7. Which words can best describe wolf
A. Honest and hard-working. B. Creative and warm-hearted.
C. Humorous and easy-going. D. Cheerful and strong-minded.
C
At the end of a race，you'll often see runners reaching for bananas. Although people who only exercise at weekends might be more likely to reach for a sports drink，serious athletes know there are better choices. And a new study from Appalachian State University offers proof that bananas may be a better choice than sports drinks after exercise.
Researchers analyzed the blood of 20 competitive cyclists after they were given water and bananas，water only，or a 6 percent sugar drink (a sports drink) every 15 minutes during a 47一mile bike ride. The study found that the carbohydrates(碳水化合物）in bananas work as well as sports drinks to fuel athletes and help them recover. But the researchers found an additional benefit. Bananas also provide greater anti—inflammatory which benefits than sports drinks.
“Consuming bananas with water during exercise has several advantages for athletes above those linked to regular sports drinks，” Dr. David Nieman said in a statement. “Banana metabolites(代谢物)that increase in the blood have a similar effect to aspirin that inhibits (抑制） COX—2 activity. This makes bananas close to the perfect athletic food.”
“Although aspirin and other anti-inflammatory drugs (AIDs) help athletes with post exercise pain，they are often discouraged because they can cause cell damage，” Nieman tells Men's Health. “For this reason，we tell athletes not to take them，”he says. “To our pleasant surprise, we found something natural in bananas is working like these painkillers but without the risks. ”
Sports drinks are still a choice，but Nieman and his team believe bananas offer more.
“There’s no question that sports drinks work，” he explains. “But bananas also have other nutrients—vitamin C，B6 and these unique metabolites — that you don't get with a sports drink. ” Next up, the research team is looking at other fruits as exercise companions. “We're starting to look at blueberries，because we think with bananas they might work even better,” Nieman says.
8 What is the aim of the study described in paragraph 2
A. To test for the effects of bananas.
B. To the best way to recover.
C. To prove sports drinks are useless.
D. To find out if sports drink are anti-inflammatory.
9. Why are bananas regarded to be the perfect athletic food
A. Bananas are full of nutrients.
B. Bananas can be easily digested.
C. Bananas can be of some medical value.
D. Bananas are similar to regular sports drinks.
10. What is paragraph 4 mainly about
A. Why bananas are better than A IDs
B. How bananas can help ease pains.
C. What can be caused by eating bananas.
D. Whether we should replace AIDs with bananas.
11. What might Dr. David Nieman agree with
A. People shouldn’t replace sports drinks with fruits.
B. Bananas offer more to sportsmen than sports drinks
C. Blueberries are better for sportsmen than sports drinks.
D. People shouldn’t eat or drink too much when exercising.
D
To learn new things, we must sometimes fail. But what's the right amount of failure New research led by the University of Arizona proposes a mathematical answer to that question.
Educators have long recognized that there is something of a "sweet spot" when it comes to learning. That is, we learn best when we are challenged to grasp something just outside of our existing knowledge. When a challenge is too simple, we don't learn anything new; likewise, we don't expand our knowledge when a challenge is so difficult that we fail entirely or give up.
So where does the sweet spot lie According to the new study, it's when failure occurs 15% of the time. Put another way, it's when the right answer is given 85%of the time.
Researchers at the University of Arizona came up with the so-called "85% Rule" after conducting a series of machine-learning experiments in which they taught computers simple tasks, such as classifying different patterns into one of two categories.
The computers learned fastest in situations in which the difficulty was such that they responded with 85% accuracy.
"If you have an error rate of 15% or accuracy of 85%, you are always maximizing your rate of learning in these two-choice tasks," said Professor Robert Wilson.
When we think about how humans learn, the 85%Rule would mostly likely apply to perceptual(感知的)learning, in which we gradually learn through experience and examples, Wilson said. Imagine, for instance, a radiologist(放射科医生)learning to tell the difference between images of tumors(肿瘤)and non-tumors.
"You need examples to get better at figuring out there's a tumor in an image, "Wilson said. "If I give really easy examples, you get 100% right all the time and there's nothing left to learn. You're not going to be taking as much from that as a situation where you are struggling a little hit. If I give really hard examples, you'll he 50% correct and still not learning anything new, while if I give you something in between, you can he at this sweet spot where you are getting the most information from each particular example."
12. Which of the following is linked with the sweet spot
A. 15 percent accuracy. B. 50 percent accuracy.
C. 85 percent accuracy. D. 100 percent right.
13. Why did the researchers teach computers simple tasks
A. To find out where the sweet spot lies. B. To see how well computers carry out tasks.
C. To compare the results of their experiments. D. To conduct some research on machine learning.
14. What is the purpose of the "examples" mentioned in the last paragraph
A. To teach what to do in the treatment of tumors. B. To teach how to determine there is a tumor.
C. To help to remember what is learned. D. To help to learn how a tumor develops.
15. According to the text, what is the most effective way of learning
A. Not taking failure too seriously. B. Learning through experience and examples.
C. Struggling a little bit, but not too much. D. Learning things that are completely new.
第二节(共5小题;每小题2分，满分10分)
根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
Most people can study almost anywhere — if the subject attracts them. ___16___ Therefore, your study area should be as free as possible of noise and visual distractions (使人分心的事). On the other hand, what distracts one person may not affect another. Some students feel they can study better with soft music in the background. ___17___ Find out what distracts you and remove it from your area.
Students should study regularly throughout the school year. ___18___ Never wait until just before an exam to start reviewing the work for the entire period to be covered by the test. Anything you learn by such cramming (临时死记硬背) is usually soon forgotten.
You may find it helpful to plan a weekly study schedule. Many students write down the times they are in school or are involved with other activities. ___19___ It is easier to keep up with your schoolwork if you have the habit of studying at the same time daily. Two points to consider in developing a study schedule are the best time of day for studying and the length of each session.
The best time of day for studying depends on your personal preferences, the kind of life you lead and your family situation. ___20___ Others have a job or participate in sports and other activities after school, and so they study in the early evening. Some students study late at night, or in the morning before school, because their home is too noisy early in the evening.
A They then set aside a certain time each day for study.
B. However, others cannot study effectively with music playing.
C. You can use these suggestions to improve your grades at school.
D. Many students prefer to study immediately after arriving home from school.
E. But they have difficulty concentrating on something they consider uninteresting.
F. You cannot study effectively unless you understand what you are supposed to accomplish.
G. You will remember more about a subject if you study it soon after it has been presented in class.
第三部分 语言知识运用(共两节，满分45分)
第一节 完形填空(共20小题;每小题1.5分，满分30分)
阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。
I am sure I will carry this experience with me until my last days my first hike to the mountains.
Before my trip to the ___21___, I used to be a homebody. I had friends, several hobbies, and I felt completely ___22___ spending weeks or even months in my hometown or sometimes even on my block without going anywhere. I ___23___ thought there was no difference between ___24___ something on TV and with one's own eyes. The ___25___ changed when one day my best friend came into my room and persuaded me to ___26___ him on his journey to the rocky Mountains. This was my ___27___ time in the mountains, so I was turning my head in all directions. ___28___, the weather was foggy most of the time. Even so, I still ___29___ the hike—I felt like I was Bear Grylls, who is my ___30___ explorer and whose show I used to watch in excitement.
On the first day, we were making our way along the foothills, but the next day, we started to ___31___ one of the mountains. ___32___ it was not that high, I was still excited. when we finally got to the top, nothing had ___33___. The same fog was covering everything. I felt ___34___, because I expected to see the view from above. So we decided to ___35___, when the wind suddenly blew away the clouds and the place we were standing on became ___36___ with the sun. I saw a ___37___ view in front of me, and I couldn't believe my eyes. From then on, I ___38___ that I wouldn't be able to live a life without ___39___ the mountains at least a few times a year.
I will always ___40___ the feeling of being so high up, with my head touching the skies and the clouds swimming below.
21. A. hometown B. mountains C. rivers D. school
22. A. quiet B. bored C. strange D. comfortable
23. A. ever B. seldom C. hardly D. still
24. A. completing B. seeing C. avoiding D. making
25 A. interest B. method C. situation D. plan
26. A. call B. help C. train D. join
27. A. first B. last C. difficult D. short
28. A. Unluckily B. Thankfully C. Hopefully D. Uncertainly
29. A. enjoyed B. hated C. expected D. understood
30. A. only B. new C. favourite D. personal
31. A. paint B. climb C. love D. search
32. A. Because B. Though C. If D. As
33. A. changed B. happened C. remained D. worked
34. A. afraid B. safe C. unhappy D. free
35. A. follow B. continue C. set out D. turn back
36. A. cold B. peaceful C. shining D. clean
37. A. close B. terrible C. similar D. fantastic
38. A. imagined B. realized C. wondered D. explained
39. A. discovering B. forgetting C. dreaming D. visiting
40. A. share B. experience C. remember D. believe
第二节 语法填空(共 10 小题;每小题 1.5 分，满分 15 分)
阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当内容（1 个单词）或括号内单词的正确形式。
One of the major holiday shopping days is the day after Thanksgiving. Frequently, it ___41___(refer) to as Black Friday. The use of the word “black” relates ___42___ the business accountants. Storekeepers used to record profits in black ink and losses in red ink. So ___43___ (be) “in the black” on the Friday after Thanksgiving means a good thing, a return to profits.
Black Friday is the big day for many retailers, and it presents the shopper an opportunity ___44___(get) all of one's holiday shopping done at once among amazing sale prices. On that day, most retailers will open very early ___45___ usually provide massive and attractive discounts on their products, while a great number of holiday shoppers will get an early start in the morning to begin Christmas shopping.
Black Friday also means that people face crowded stores, ___46___ is another idea of a “Black Friday”，___47___ day they do not like. It used to be the ___48___(busy) shopping day of a year. Many people avoid this shopping day altogether because of the stress ___49___(involve) in fighting the crowds. In recent years the Saturday before Christmas ___50___ (see) the biggest shopping crowds.
第四部分 英语写作(共两节，满分 35 分)
第一节 短文改错(共 10 分)
51. 假定英语课上老师要求同学们交换修改作文，请你修改你同桌写的以下作文。文中共有10处语言错误，每句中最多有两处。错误涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。
增加：在缺词处加一个漏字符号(∧)，并在其下面写上该加的词。
删除：把多余的词用斜线(＼)划掉。
修改：在错的词下划一横线，并在该词下面写上修改后的词。
注意：1．每处错误及其修改均仅限一词；
2．只允许修改10处，多者(从第11处起)不计分。
Recently, we had made a survey of people on physical training. Only 35 percent of people were surveyed have taken part on physical activities. Over half of the people say they haven’t been got enough time to take exercise. 34.9 percent of them say they don’t have place where they can relax themselves and that there is not enough training equipment. Another 12.9 percent of the people feel that they lives too far away from the training centers. Some of whom even don’t know how to training.
For lack of physical training, many people are not in good healthy. People should realize the significance of it, and measures should be took to provide people with training equipment.
第二节 书面表达 (25分)
52. 假设你是星光中学的李华，将参加主题为“Let’s Ride Bicycles”的英语演讲比赛。请撰写一份演讲稿。主要内容包括：
1. 目前汽车带来的空气污染和交通堵塞问题；
2. 骑自行车益处，既能环保，有利健康等。
注意：1. 词数100左右；
2. 可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯；
参考词汇：低碳生活 (low-carbon life)；节能 (energy saving)
___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________太康一高2022-2023学年度高二年级上期第一次月考
英 语 试 卷
(考试时间：120分钟 试卷满分：150分)
第一部分 听力(略)
第二部分 阅读理解(共两节，满分40分)
第一节 (共15小题;每小题2分，满分30分)
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项(A、B、C和D)中,选出最佳选项。并在答题卡上将该选项涂黑．
A
Some of the most beautiful national parks in the UK
Snowdonia
North Wales’s national park boasts mountain and sea views: Several of its peaks gaze across to Ireland and it has miles of sandy beaches. You can climb Wales’s highest mountain without working up a sweat by catching an old-fashioned train. Those who pursue excitement can choose zip lines, bounce down mountain bike trails or catch breaks at an inland surfing.
Cairngorms
The UK’s biggest national park is home to its mightiest mountains: Five out of six of Scotland’s highest peaks are found here. Lying in the heart of the highlands, the Cairngorms mountain range still has vast areas of pure wilderness and is one of the chilliest places in the country. For much of the year, its peaks are blanketed in snow and you can ski there in winter.
Peak District
Sandwiched between Manchester and Sheffield, England’s oldest national park has two personalities: A tough and a gentle side. In the north are dramatic edges like Kinder Scout which rewards adventurous walkers with stark views. Venture south for the lower, greener, grass-covered valleys of the White Peak. Walk along the Ecclesbourne Valley to experience both in one day.
New Forest
The New Forest is surprisingly old: William the Conqueror named it when he used to hunt deer and wild pigs here nearly 1,000 years ago. Confusingly, this picturesque corner of southern England isn’t completely covered in woodland either—it also has acres of woodland and miles of muddy coast. The terrain is gentle, and you’re guaranteed a sighting of its free-walking horses.
1. How can visitors climb Wales’s highest mountain without sweating
A. By taking a train. B. By riding a bike.
C. By taking a cable car. D. By traveling in a plane.
2. What do we know about Peak District
A. It is a good habitat for horses. B. It offers visitors two totally different views.
C. It is a newly-built national park in England. D. Its name was given by William the Conqueror.
3. What type of writing is the text
A. A guide. B. A review. C. A notice. D. A report.
【答案】1. A 2. B 3. A
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇应用文。文章主要介绍了英国四个美丽的国家公园的情况。
【1题详解】
细节理解题。根据第一段中“You can climb Wales’s highest mountain without working up a sweat by catching an old-fashioned train.(你可以乘坐老式火车，不费力地爬上威尔士最高的山)”可知，游客坐火车能不费力地攀登威尔士最高的山峰。故选A。
【2题详解】
细节理解题。根据Peak District 部分中“Walk along the Ecclesbourne Valley to experience both in one day.(沿着埃克尔斯伯恩山谷散步，在一天内体验这两种视角)”可知，Peak District为游客提供了两种完全不同的视角。故选B。
【3题详解】
推理判断题。根据文章标题“Some of the most beautiful national parks in the UK(英国一些最美丽的国家公园)”结合文章主要介绍了英国四个美丽的国家公园的情况。可推知，文章是一篇旅游指南。故选A。
B
Thousands of encouraging roadside signs have been planted around the world, and it’s all thanks to one woman who felt helpless in the face of mental illness.
Amy Wolff was first encouraged to start planting the encouraging signs after she had a heartbreaking discussion with a friend in May 2017. “We were hanging out with friends when one of them mentioned the growing number of people trying to kill themselves in our community,” says Wolff. “I wasn’t a doctor. I didn’t know of anyone suffering from thoughts of self-harm. What could I do ”
Then Wolff got the idea to start planting encouraging signs in people’s yards. For the following two weeks, she and her kids started knocking on people’s doors across their town of Newburg, Oregon and asking if they could put up signs with messages like “Don’t Give Up” and “Your Mistakes Don’t Define You”.
Wolff then started receiving messages from other people in the community wanting to buy the signs. Within a few days, Wolff had sold over 150 of the yard signs. That night, Wolff’s husband created a website to sell the signs.
“Within a year, we had news media in Dallas, Boston, Massachusetts, and Portland cover our movement,” she added. By the fall of 2018, Wolff set up the Don’t Give Up organization for her signs. Since she planted her first sign two years ago, she has shipped the organizations messages of encouragement to all 50 US states and 26 countries in 6 languages.
With May being Mental Health Awareness Month, the messages that Wolff has received from sign owners are meaningful. One message from Frank reads: “I just had a woman knock on my door. She began to cry and thank me for the signs in my yard. Her son had tried to kill himself and these signs were in the yard the day they came home from the hospital.”
4. What led to Amy Wolff taking action to help people with mental illness
A. Her friends suggestions. B. The things done by Don t Give Up.
C. Her own experience of fighting against mental illness. D. The increasing self-killing events in her community.
5. What did Wolff do to help people with mental illness
A. She raised money for people in need. B. She attended courses to become a doctor.
C. She asked people to put up encouraging signs. D. She visited people and encouraged them in person.
6. Why did the woman visit Frank
A To say thank you to him. B. To ask him the way to hospital.
C. To call for help in saving her son. D. To ask about the signs in his yard.
7. Which words can best describe wolf
A. Honest and hard-working. B. Creative and warm-hearted.
C. Humorous and easy-going. D. Cheerful and strong-minded.
【答案】4. D 5. C 6. A 7. B
【解析】
【分析】本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了一位名叫Amy Wolff的女性通过自己的方式来帮助有精神疾病的人的故事。
【4题详解】
推理判断题。根据文章第二段“We were hanging out with friends when one of them mentioned the growing number of people trying to kill themselves in our community (我们和朋友们出去玩的时候，其中一个朋友提到我们社区里越来越多的人试图自杀)”以及第三段“Then Wolff got the idea”可推知，社区里不断上升的试图自杀的案例让Amy Wolff决定去采取行动帮助患有精神疾病的人们。故选D项。
【5题详解】
细节理解题。根据文章第三段“Then Wolff got the idea to start planting encouraging signs in people’s yards. (然后Wolff有了一个想法，开始在人们的院子里竖立鼓励性的标牌)”以及“asking if they could put up signs with messages like “Don’t Give Up” and “Your Mistakes Don’t Define You” (问他们是否可以在墙上贴出“不要放弃”和“你的错误不能定义你”这样的标语)”可知，Wolff通过请求人们竖立鼓励性的标牌来帮助精神病患者。故选C项。
【6题详解】
细节理解题。根据文章最后一段“She began to cry and thank me for the signs in my yard. (她哭了起来，感谢我在院子里竖立的标牌)”可知，这位妇女拜访Frank是为了感谢他在院子中竖立了鼓励性的标牌。故选A项。
【7题详解】
推理判断题。通读全文，再结合文章第三段“Then Wolff got the idea to start planting encouraging signs in people’s yards. (然后Wolff有了一个想法，开始在人们的院子里竖立鼓励性的标牌)”以及文章第五段“she has shipped the organizations messages of encouragement to all 50 US states and 26 countries in 6 languages (她用6种语言将该组织的鼓励信息发送到美国50个州和26个国家)”可知，Wolff为了帮助患有精神疾病的人们，产生了竖立鼓励标牌的想法，这些标牌为人们带去了力量。由此推知，她是一位具有创造性的、热心的人。故选B项。
C
At the end of a race，you'll often see runners reaching for bananas. Although people who only exercise at weekends might be more likely to reach for a sports drink，serious athletes know there are better choices. And a new study from Appalachian State University offers proof that bananas may be a better choice than sports drinks after exercise.
Researchers analyzed the blood of 20 competitive cyclists after they were given water and bananas，water only，or a 6 percent sugar drink (a sports drink) every 15 minutes during a 47一mile bike ride. The study found that the carbohydrates(碳水化合物）in bananas work as well as sports drinks to fuel athletes and help them recover. But the researchers found an additional benefit. Bananas also provide greater anti—inflammatory which benefits than sports drinks.
“Consuming bananas with water during exercise has several advantages for athletes above those linked to regular sports drinks，” Dr. David Nieman said in a statement. “Banana metabolites(代谢物)that increase in the blood have a similar effect to aspirin that inhibits (抑制） COX—2 activity. This makes bananas close to the perfect athletic food.”
“Although aspirin and other anti-inflammatory drugs (AIDs) help athletes with post exercise pain，they are often discouraged because they can cause cell damage，” Nieman tells Men's Health. “For this reason，we tell athletes not to take them，”he says. “To our pleasant surprise, we found something natural in bananas is working like these painkillers but without the risks. ”
Sports drinks are still a choice，but Nieman and his team believe bananas offer more.
“There’s no question that sports drinks work，” he explains. “But bananas also have other nutrients—vitamin C，B6 and these unique metabolites — that you don't get with a sports drink. ” Next up, the research team is looking at other fruits as exercise companions. “We're starting to look at blueberries，because we think with bananas they might work even better,” Nieman says.
8. What is the aim of the study described in paragraph 2
A. To test for the effects of bananas.
B. To the best way to recover.
C. To prove sports drinks are useless.
D. To find out if sports drink are anti-inflammatory.
9. Why are bananas regarded to be the perfect athletic food
A. Bananas are full of nutrients.
B. Bananas can be easily digested.
C. Bananas can be of some medical value.
D. Bananas are similar to regular sports drinks.
10. What is paragraph 4 mainly about
A. Why bananas are better than A IDs
B. How bananas can help ease pains.
C. What can be caused by eating bananas.
D. Whether we should replace AIDs with bananas.
11. What might Dr. David Nieman agree with
A. People shouldn’t replace sports drinks with fruits.
B. Bananas offer more to sportsmen than sports drinks
C. Blueberries are better for sportsmen than sports drinks.
D. People shouldn’t eat or drink too much when exercising.
【答案】8. A 9. C 10. A 11. B
【解析】
【分析】本文是一篇说明文，阿巴拉契亚州立大学(Appalachian State University)的一项新研究证明，运动后吃香蕉可能是比喝运动饮料更好的选择，文章也提供了实验及研究结果来证明此观点。
【8题详解】
主旨大意题。根据第二段内容可知，本段主要介绍了一个研究香蕉作用的实验，以检验香蕉的功效。故选A。
【9题详解】
细节理解题。根据第三段Banana metabolites that increase in the blood have a similar effect to aspirin that inhibits COX—2 activity. This makes bananas close to the perfect athletic food.可知，在血液中增加的香蕉大分子具有类似阿司匹林抑制COX-2活性的作用。这使得香蕉接近完美的运动食品。故香蕉有一定的医学价值。故选C。
【10题详解】
主旨大意题。根据第四段可知因为AIDs能导致细胞损伤，而香蕉中含有一些天然成分，就像这些止痛药一样，没有任何风险，可知本段主要分析了为什么香蕉比AIDs更好。故选A。
【11题详解】
推理判断题。根据第五段Sports drinks are still a choice，but Nieman and his team believe bananas offer more. 可知，运动饮料仍然是一个选择,但是Nieman和他的研究小组相信香蕉可以提供更多功效。故选B。
D
To learn new things we must sometimes fail. But what's the right amount of failure New research led by the University of Arizona proposes a mathematical answer to that question.
Educators have long recognized that there is something of a "sweet spot" when it comes to learning. That is, we learn best when we are challenged to grasp something just outside of our existing knowledge. When a challenge is too simple, we don't learn anything new; likewise, we don't expand our knowledge when a challenge is so difficult that we fail entirely or give up.
So where does the sweet spot lie According to the new study, it's when failure occurs 15% of the time. Put another way, it's when the right answer is given 85%of the time.
Researchers at the University of Arizona came up with the so-called "85% Rule" after conducting a series of machine-learning experiments in which they taught computers simple tasks, such as classifying different patterns into one of two categories.
The computers learned fastest in situations in which the difficulty was such that they responded with 85% accuracy.
"If you have an error rate of 15% or accuracy of 85%, you are always maximizing your rate of learning in these two-choice tasks," said Professor Robert Wilson.
When we think about how humans learn, the 85%Rule would mostly likely apply to perceptual(感知的)learning, in which we gradually learn through experience and examples, Wilson said. Imagine, for instance, a radiologist(放射科医生)learning to tell the difference between images of tumors(肿瘤)and non-tumors.
"You need examples to get better at figuring out there's a tumor in an image, "Wilson said. "If I give really easy examples, you get 100% right all the time and there's nothing left to learn. You're not going to be taking as much from that as a situation where you are struggling a little hit. If I give really hard examples, you'll he 50% correct and still not learning anything new, while if I give you something in between, you can he at this sweet spot where you are getting the most information from each particular example."
12. Which of the following is linked with the sweet spot
A. 15 percent accuracy. B. 50 percent accuracy.
C. 85 percent accuracy. D. 100 percent right.
13. Why did the researchers teach computers simple tasks
A. To find out where the sweet spot lies. B. To see how well computers carry out tasks.
C. To compare the results of their experiments. D. To conduct some research on machine learning.
14. What is the purpose of the "examples" mentioned in the last paragraph
A. To teach what to do in the treatment of tumors. B. To teach how to determine there is a tumor.
C. To help to remember what is learned. D. To help to learn how a tumor develops.
15. According to the text, what is the most effective way of learning
A. Not taking failure too seriously. B. Learning through experience and examples.
C. Struggling a little bit, but not too much. D. Learning things that are completely new.
【答案】12. C 13. A 14. B 15. C
【解析】
【分析】这是一篇说明文。本文主要介绍了学习的“八五定律”。学习的“最佳点”是百分之八十五的正确率，百分之十五的失败率，也就是说这时的学习效果最佳。学习太容易或太难都会导致学不到多少知识。
【12题详解】
细节理解题。根据第三段So where does the sweet spot lie According to the new study, it's when failure occurs 15% of the time. Put another way, it's when the right answer is given 85% of the time.可知那么，最佳点在哪里呢？根据这项新的研究，失败发生的几率为15%。换句话说，就是85%的情况下给出了正确答案。由此可知，C选项“85%的准确率”与最佳点有关。故选C。
【13题详解】
推理判断题。根据第四段Researchers at the University of Arizona came up with the so-called "85% Rule" after conducting a series of machine-learning experiments in which they taught computers simple tasks, such as classifying different patterns into one of two categories.(亚利桑那大学的研究人员在进行了一系列机器学习实验后，提出了所谓的“85%规则”。在实验中，他们向计算机教授一些简单的任务，比如把不同的模式分成两类)；第五段The computers learned fastest in situations in which the difficulty was such that they responded with 85% accuracy.(在困难程度很高的情况下，计算机的反应速度最快，准确率达到85%)以及第六段"If you have an error rate of 15% or accuracy of 85%, you are always maximizing your rate of learning in these two-choice tasks," said Professor Robert Wilson.( Robert Wilson教授说:“如果你的错误率为15%，准确率为85%，那么你总是在最大化你的学习效率。”)由此可推知，研究人员教计算机简单的任务，是为了找出最佳点在哪里。故选A。
【14题详解】
推理判断题。根据最后一段"You need examples to get better at figuring out there's a tumor in an image, "Wilson said. "If I give really easy examples, you get 100% right all the time and there's nothing left to learn. You're not going to be taking as much from that as a situation where you are struggling a little hit. If I give really hard examples, you'll he 50% correct and still not learning anything new, while if I give you something in between, you can he at this sweet spot where you are getting the most information from each particular example."可知“你需要例子来更好地辨别图像中的肿瘤，” Wilson说。“如果我给出非常简单的例子，你总是100%正确，就没有什么要学的了。你不会从这种情况中获得更多，因为你在这种情况下只会受到很少的打击。如果我给出很难的例子，你会有50%的正确率，但仍然没有学到任何新东西，而如果我给出介于两者之间的例子，你就能从每个具体的例子中获得最多的信息。”由此可推知，最后一段提到的“examples”的目的是教会学生如何确定肿瘤的存在。故选B。
【15题详解】
推理判断题。根据倒数第三段"If you have an error rate of 15% or accuracy of 85%, you are always maximizing your rate of learning in these two-choice tasks," said Professor Robert Wilson.可知Robert Wilson教授说:“如果你的错误率为15%，准确率为85%，那么你总是在最大化你的学习效率。”结合本文本文主要介绍了学习的“八五定律”。学习的“最佳点”是百分之八十五的正确率，百分之十五的失败率，也就是说这时的学习效果最佳。学习太容易或太难都会导致学不到多少知识。由此可推知，C选项“会有点挣扎，但不是太过分”是最有效的学习方法。故选C。
第二节(共5小题;每小题2分，满分10分)
根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
Most people can study almost anywhere — if the subject attracts them. ___16___ Therefore, your study area should be as free as possible of noise and visual distractions (使人分心的事). On the other hand, what distracts one person may not affect another. Some students feel they can study better with soft music in the background. ___17___ Find out what distracts you and remove it from your area.
Students should study regularly throughout the school year. ___18___ Never wait until just before an exam to start reviewing the work for the entire period to be covered by the test. Anything you learn by such cramming (临时死记硬背) is usually soon forgotten.
You may find it helpful to plan a weekly study schedule. Many students write down the times they are in school or are involved with other activities. ___19___ It is easier to keep up with your schoolwork if you have the habit of studying at the same time daily. Two points to consider in developing a study schedule are the best time of day for studying and the length of each session.
The best time of day for studying depends on your personal preferences, the kind of life you lead and your family situation. ___20___ Others have a job or participate in sports and other activities after school, and so they study in the early evening. Some students study late at night, or in the morning before school, because their home is too noisy early in the evening.
A. They then set aside a certain time each day for study.
B. However, others cannot study effectively with music playing.
C. You can use these suggestions to improve your grades at school.
D. Many students prefer to study immediately after arriving home from school.
E. But they have difficulty concentrating on something they consider uninteresting.
F. You cannot study effectively unless you understand what you are supposed to accomplish.
G. You will remember more about a subject if you study it soon after it has been presented in class.
【答案】16. E 17. B 18. G 19. A 20. D
【解析】
【分析】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了不同学生的学习方法之间的差异。
【16题详解】
上文“Most people can study almost anywhere —if the subject attracts them. (大多数人几乎可以在任何地方学习——只要这个科目吸引他们)”指出，只要是自己感兴趣的内容，大多数人几乎可以在任何地方学习，设空处承上启下，下文“Therefore, your study area should be as free as possible of noise and visual distractions. (因此，你的学习区域应该尽可能远离噪音和视觉干扰)”指出，学习区域还是应该尽量保持安静。E项“但是他们很难把注意力集中在他们认为没有趣的事情上。”承上启下，符合文意，且E项中的“but”表转折，与上文构成对比，引出下文的结论。故选E项。
【17题详解】
上文“Some students feel they can study better with soft music in the background. (一些学生觉得在柔和的音乐背景下学习会更好)”说明一些学生在学习时喜欢听音乐。B项“然而，其他人不能通过音乐有效地学习。”承接上文，符合文意，且B项中的“music”与上文一致。故选B项。
【18题详解】
上文“Students should study regularly throughout the school year. (学生应该在整个学年中有规律地学习)”指出学习要有规律性，设空处承上启下，下文“Never wait until just before an exam to start reviewing the work for the entire period to be covered by the test. (不要等到考试前才开始复习整个考试期间的内容)”建议读者不要考试之前才开始复习。G项“如果你在一门课上讲完后马上学习它，你会记得更多关于它的内容。”承上启下，符合文意，指出了复习的好方法。故选G项。
【19题详解】
上文“You may find it helpful to plan a weekly study schedule. Many students write down the times they are in school or are involved with other activities. (你会发现制定一个每周学习计划是很有帮助的。许多学生写下他们在学校或参加其他活动的时间)”指出，制定学习计划对学习很有帮助，设空处承上启下，下文“It is easier to keep up with your schoolwork if you have the habit of studying at the same time daily. (如果你有每天在同一时间学习的习惯，就更容易跟上你的功课)”说明在固定时间学习有助于学业进步。A项“然后他们每天留出一定的时间学习。”符合文意，承上启下，且A项中的“then”与上文衔接，指先计划好学习和其他活动的时间，然后每天特别留出学习时间。故选A项。
【20题详解】
上文“The best time of day for studying depends on your personal preferences, the kind of life you lead and your family situation. (一天中学习的最佳时间取决于你的个人喜好、你的生活方式和你的家庭状况)”说明，每个人一天中的最佳学习时间是不同的，设空处承上启下，下文“Others have a job or participate in sports and other activities after school, and so they study in the early evening. (其他人在放学后做零工或参加体育和其他活动，所以他们在傍晚早些时候学习)”指出了一些学生所认为的最佳学习时间与原因，可推知，设空处也应该介绍了一些学生所喜爱的最佳学习时间。D项“许多学生喜欢在放学回家后立即学习。”符合文意。故选D项。
第三部分 语言知识运用(共两节，满分45分)
第一节 完形填空(共20小题;每小题1.5分，满分30分)
阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。
I am sure I will carry this experience with me until my last days my first hike to the mountains.
Before my trip to the ___21___, I used to be a homebody. I had friends, several hobbies, and I felt completely ___22___ spending weeks or even months in my hometown or sometimes even on my block without going anywhere. I ___23___ thought there was no difference between ___24___ something on TV and with one's own eyes. The ___25___ changed when one day my best friend came into my room and persuaded me to ___26___ him on his journey to the rocky Mountains. This was my ___27___ time in the mountains, so I was turning my head in all directions. ___28___, the weather was foggy most of the time. Even so, I still ___29___ the hike—I felt like I was Bear Grylls, who is my ___30___ explorer and whose show I used to watch in excitement.
On the first day, we were making our way along the foothills, but the next day, we started to ___31___ one of the mountains. ___32___ it was not that high, I was still excited. when we finally got to the top, nothing had ___33___. The same fog was covering everything. I felt ___34___, because I expected to see the view from above. So we decided to ___35___, when the wind suddenly blew away the clouds and the place we were standing on became ___36___ with the sun. I saw a ___37___ view in front of me, and I couldn't believe my eyes. From then on, I ___38___ that I wouldn't be able to live a life without ___39___ the mountains at least a few times a year.
I will always ___40___ the feeling of being so high up, with my head touching the skies and the clouds swimming below.
21. A. hometown B. mountains C. rivers D. school
22. A. quiet B. bored C. strange D. comfortable
23. A. ever B. seldom C. hardly D. still
24. A. completing B. seeing C. avoiding D. making
25. A. interest B. method C. situation D. plan
26. A. call B. help C. train D. join
27. A. first B. last C. difficult D. short
28. A. Unluckily B. Thankfully C. Hopefully D. Uncertainly
29. A. enjoyed B. hated C. expected D. understood
30. A. only B. new C. favourite D. personal
31. A. paint B. climb C. love D. search
32. A. Because B. Though C. If D. As
33. A. changed B. happened C. remained D. worked
34. A. afraid B. safe C. unhappy D. free
35. A. follow B. continue C. set out D. turn back
36. A. cold B. peaceful C. shining D. clean
37. A. close B. terrible C. similar D. fantastic
38. A. imagined B. realized C. wondered D. explained
39. A. discovering B. forgetting C. dreaming D. visiting
40. A. share B. experience C. remember D. believe
【答案】21. B 22. D 23. A 24. B 25. C 26. D 27. A 28. A 29. A 30. C 31. B 32. B 33. A 34. C 35. D 36. C 37. D 38. B 39. D 40. C
【解析】
【分析】本文是一篇记叙文。主要讲述了作者第一次爬山被眼前的美景所震撼的故事。
【21题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：在我爬山之前，我曾经是个喜欢待在家里的人。A. hometown家乡；B. mountains山脉；C. rivers河流；D. school学校。根据上文中的“I am sure I will carry this experience with me until my last days my first hike to the mountains（我相信我会一直带着这段经历直到我生命的最后几天，我第一次爬山）”可知，在第一次爬山之前，作者都喜欢待在家里。故选择B项。
【22题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我有几个爱好，我觉得待在家乡度过几周甚至几个月的时间，有时甚至只待在我所在的街区，不去任何地方都很舒服。A. quiet宁静的；B. bored枯燥的；C. strange陌生的；D. comfortable舒适的。根据上文“I used to be a homebody（我曾经是个喜欢待在家里的人）”可知，作者喜欢待在家里，觉得这种状态就很舒服。故选择D项。
【23题详解】
考查副词词义辨析。句意：我曾经认为在电视上看和亲眼体会两者没有什么区别。A.ever曾经；B. seldom很少；C. hardly几乎不；D. still仍然。根据下文“The situation changed when one day my best friend came into my room and persuaded me to join him on his journey to the rocky Mountains.（当有一天我最好的朋友走进我的房间，说服我跟他一起去落基山时，情况发生了改变）” 可知，只是曾经这样认为，现在已经发生了改变，“ever曾经”符合句意。故选择A项。
【24题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：同上。 A. completing完成；B. seeing看见；C. avoiding避免；D. making制作。根据下文中“on TV and with one' s own eyes（在电视上和亲眼看之间）”可知，作者曾经认为在电视上看东西与亲眼体会之间没有任何差别。故选择B项。
【25题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：当有一天我最好的朋友走进我的房间，说服我跟他一起去落基山时，情况发生了改变。A. interest兴趣；B. method方法；C. situation情况；D. plan计划。与上文“I use to be a homebody（我过去常常宅在家中）”对比，下文作者与好友一同爬山远足可知，情况发生了改变。故选择C项。
【26题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：同上。A. call打电话；B. help帮助；C. train训练；D. join加入。根据下文“On the first day, we were making our way along the foothills（第一天，我们沿着山麓前行）”可知，是朋友说服了他加入他落基山之旅。故选择D项。
【27题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：这是我第一次到山中，所以我看得眼花缭乱。A. first第一；B. last最后；C. difficult困难的；D. short短的。根据上文中的“my first hike to the mountains（我第一次爬山）”可知，这是作者第一次爬山。故选择A项。
【28题详解】
考查副词词义辨析。句意：不幸的是，天气大部分时间都有雾。A. Unluckily不幸地；B. Thankfully感激地；C. Hopefully有希望地；D. Uncertainly不确定地。根据下文中的“the weather was foggy most of the time”可知，爬山时有雾，是不幸地。故选择A项。
【29题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：尽管如此，我仍然很喜欢这次徒步旅行，我觉得我就是贝尔·格里尔斯，那是我最喜欢的探险家，我过去常常兴奋地看他的节目。A. enjoyed喜欢；B. hated讨厌；C. expected期盼；D. understood理解。根据上文中的Even so及下文“I felt like I was Bear Grylls（我感觉自己就是贝尔·格里尔斯）”可知，尽管天气不好，作者还是很开心很兴奋的。故选择A项。
【30题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：同上。A. only唯一的；B. new新的；C. favourite最喜爱的；D. personal个人的。根据下文“whose show I used to watch in excitement（我过去常常兴奋地看他的电视节目）”可知，此时说的是他最喜爱的探险家。故选择C项。
【31题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：第一天我们沿着山麓前行，但第二天我们就开始爬其中的一座山。A. paint绘画；B. climb爬；C. love爱；D. search查找。根据下文中的 “When we finally got to the top（当我们最终到达顶峰）”可知，作者和好友在第二天开始爬山。故选择B项。
【32题详解】
考查连词词义辨析。句意：尽管山不是很高，但我还是很兴奋。A. Because因为；B. Though尽管；C. If如果；D. As当......时。根据下文中的“ I was still excited”分析两句之间的关系可知，“Though尽管”表示让步，符合句意。故选择B项。
【33题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：当我们终于到达顶峰时，什么都没有改变。A. changed改变；B. happened发生；C. remained保持；D. worked工作。根据下文“The same fog was covering everything（相同的大雾依旧笼罩着一切）”可知，爬到山顶后，作者和朋友发现什么也没有改变。故选择A项。
【34题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我感到不开心，因为我想从山顶看风景。A. afraid害怕的；B. safe安全的；C. unhappy不开心的；D. free自由的。根据下文 “because I expected to see the view from above（因为我想从山顶看风景）”可知，一心想看山顶风光的作者在看到眼前的大雾时，感到不开心。故选择C项。
【35题详解】
考查动词及短语词义辨析。句意：因此我们决定返程。A. follow跟随；B. continue继续；C. set out出发；D. turn back返程。根据上文“The same fog was covering everything（相同的大雾依旧笼罩着一切）”和So可知，在看到满山大雾后，作者和朋友决定返程。故选择D项。
【36题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：当风突然吹散云层，我们站的地方在阳光的照射下闪耀起来。A. cold寒冷的；B. peaceful和平的；C. shining闪耀的；D. clean干净的。根据上文“the wind suddenly blew away the clouds（风吹散了云层）”和下文中的“with the sun”可知，风正好吹散了大雾，作者所在的地方在阳光的照耀下变得闪耀起来。故选择C项。
【37题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：看着眼前绝美的景色，我不敢相信自己的眼睛。A. close亲密的； B. terrible糟糕的；C. similar相似的；D. fantastic极好的。根据下文“I couldn't believe my eyes（我不敢相信自己的眼睛）”可知，作者看到的风景一定美极了。故选择D项。
【38题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：从那时起，我意识到一年不去爬几次山，我简直无法生活。A. imagined想象；B. realized意识到；C. wondered想知道；D. explained解释。根据下文“I wouldn't be able to live a life without visiting the mountains at least a few times a year.”可知，这是作者欣赏到美景后，意识到的事情。故选择B项。
【39题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：从那时起，我意识到一年不去爬几次山，我简直无法生活。A. discovering发现；B. forgetting忘记；C. dreaming梦想；D. visiting游览。根据上文“I saw a fantastic view in front of me, and I couldn't believe my eyes.（看着眼前的美丽景色，我简直不敢相信自己的眼睛）”可知，在看到如此美丽的风景之后，作者意识到自己至少每年都要游览几次山。故选择D项。
【40题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：我会永远记得这种感觉，站得如此高，头顶着天空，云在下面游。A. share分享；B. experience经历；C. remember记得；D. believe相信。根据第一段的“I am sure I will carry this experience with me until my last days（我相信我会一直带着这段经历直到我生命的最后几天）”可知，作者会一直记得站在山顶的感觉。故选择C项。
第二节 语法填空(共 10 小题;每小题 1.5 分，满分 15 分)
阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容（1 个单词）或括号内单词的正确形式。
One of the major holiday shopping days is the day after Thanksgiving. Frequently, it ___41___(refer) to as Black Friday. The use of the word “black” relates ___42___ the business accountants. Storekeepers used to record profits in black ink and losses in red ink. So ___43___ (be) “in the black” on the Friday after Thanksgiving means a good thing, a return to profits.
Black Friday is the big day for many retailers, and it presents the shopper an opportunity ___44___(get) all of one's holiday shopping done at once among amazing sale prices. On that day, most retailers will open very early ___45___ usually provide massive and attractive discounts on their products, while a great number of holiday shoppers will get an early start in the morning to begin Christmas shopping.
Black Friday also means that people face crowded stores, ___46___ is another idea of a “Black Friday”，___47___ day they do not like. It used to be the ___48___(busy) shopping day of a year. Many people avoid this shopping day altogether because of the stress ___49___(involve) in fighting the crowds. In recent years the Saturday before Christmas ___50___ (see) the biggest shopping crowds.
【答案】41. is referred
42. to 43. being
44. to get
45. and 46. which
47. a 48. busiest
49. involved
50. has seen
【解析】
【分析】这是一篇说明文。主要讲述了感恩节后的第二天——“黑色星期五”，在这一天，商场都会推出大量的打折和优惠活动，在年底进行最后一次大规模的促销。
【41题详解】
考查动词。句意：它经常被称为黑色星期五。refer to...as...为固定短语，意为“称呼……为”，主语it和refer to是被动关系，描述事实用一般现在时，it是第三人称单数，谓语用单数。故填is referred。
【42题详解】
考查介词。句意：“黑色”一词的使用与商业会计有关。relate to为固定短语，意为“和......有关”。故填to。
【43题详解】
考查非谓语动词。句意：因此，在感恩节后的星期五“盈利”意味着一件好事，及利润的恢复。分析句子结构，means为谓语动词，空处需填非谓语动词，the Friday和be为主谓关系，需填动名词作主语。故填being。
44题详解】
考查非谓语动词。句意：黑色星期五是许多零售商的大日子，它给购物者一个机会，以惊人的价格一次性完成所有的假日购物。名词opportunity后面需用动词不定式作后置定语。故填to get。
【45题详解】
考查连词。句意：在那一天，大多数零售商会很早开门，通常会为他们的产品提供巨大且有吸引力的折扣，而大量的假日购物者会一大早就开始圣诞购物。分析句子结构，该句有两个谓语动词will open和provide，可判断该句为并列句，用and连接两个并列谓语。故填and。
【46题详解】
考查定语从句。句意：黑色星期五也意味着人们要面对拥挤的商店，这是“黑色星期五”的另一个概念，也是他们不喜欢的一天。分析句子结构，该句为非限制性定语从句，先行词为people face crowded stores，为事物，只能用which引导。故填which。
【47题详解】
考查冠词。句意：黑色星期五也意味着人们要面对拥挤的商店，这是“黑色星期五”的另一个概念，也是他们不喜欢的一天。 7 day they do not like是前文的同位语，表示泛指。故填a。
【48题详解】
考查形容词。句意：这曾经是一年中最繁忙的购物日。许多人都避免在这个购物日购物，因为在拥挤的人群中有压力。根据前文the可知，该空应用形容词的比较级形式。故填busiest。
【49题详解】
考查非谓语动词。句意：这曾经是一年中最繁忙的购物日。许多人都避免在这个购物日购物，因为在拥挤的人群中有压力。分析句子结构，avoid为谓语动词，空处需填非谓语动词，involve和stress为动宾关系，应用过去分词作定语。故填involved。
【50题详解】
考查时态。句意：近年来，圣诞节前的周六是最大的购物人群。根据in the recent years可知，该句为现在完成时，结构为：have/has done，主语the Saturday为单数形式，谓语动词应用第三人称单数。故填has seen。
点睛】
第四部分 英语写作(共两节，满分 35 分)
第一节 短文改错(共 10 分)
51. 假定英语课上老师要求同学们交换修改作文，请你修改你同桌写的以下作文。文中共有10处语言错误，每句中最多有两处。错误涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。
增加：在缺词处加一个漏字符号(∧)，并在其下面写上该加的词。
删除：把多余的词用斜线(＼)划掉。
修改：在错的词下划一横线，并在该词下面写上修改后的词。
注意：1．每处错误及其修改均仅限一词；
2．只允许修改10处，多者(从第11处起)不计分。
Recently, we had made a survey of people on physical training. Only 35 percent of people were surveyed have taken part on physical activities. Over half of the people say they haven’t been got enough time to take exercise. 34.9 percent of them say they don’t have place where they can relax themselves and that there is not enough training equipment. Another 12.9 percent of the people feel that they lives too far away from the training centers. Some of whom even don’t know how to training.
For lack of physical training, many people are not in good healthy. People should realize the significance of it, and measures should be took to provide people with training equipment.
【答案】1.had→have
2.在were前加who
3.on→in
4.去掉been
5.place→places
6.lives→live
7.whom→them
8.training→train
9.healthy→health
10.took→taken
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇说明文，主要讲述的是一项关于体育锻炼的调查结果。
【详解】1.考查时态和主谓一致。句意：最近，我们对人们进行了一项关于体育锻炼的调查。由Recently可知，句子时态是现在完成时，主语we是复数，因此其后用have，故将had改为have。
2.考查定语从句。句意：只有35%的受访者参加过体育活动。“were surveyed”是定语从句，修饰先行词people，从句中缺少主语，先行词people是人，因此用who引导定语从句，故在were前加who。
3.考查介词。句意：只有35%的受访者参加过体育活动。take part in是固定短语，意为“参加”。故将on改为in。
4.考查时态。句意：超过一半的人说他们没有足够的时间锻炼。they和got enough time是主动关系，而haven’t been got是被动语态，因此been是多余的，故去掉been。
5.考查名词的复数。句意：34.9%的人表示，他们没有可以放松自己的地方，也没有足够的训练设备。place是可数名词，不止一个，因此用复数，故将place改为places。
6.考查时态和主谓一致。句意：另有12.9%的人认为他们住得离培训中心太远。“they lives too far away from the training centers”陈述的是客观事实，时态用一般现在时，主语they是复数，因此live用原形，故将lives改为live。
7.考查代词。句意：他们中的一些人甚至不知道如何训练。“Some of whom”是主语，意为“他们中的一些人”，of是介词，其后用代词的宾格them，故将whom改为them。
8.考查不定式。句意：他们中的一些人甚至不知道如何训练。how to do意为“如何做某事”，故将training改为train。
9.考查名词。句意：由于缺乏体育锻炼，许多人身体不好。good是形容词，修饰名词，healthy的名词是health，是不可数名词，意为“健康”，in good health意为“身体好”，故将healthy改为health。
10.考查被动语态。句意：人们应该意识到它的重要性，并采取措施为人们提供训练设备。措施是被采取，句子用被动语态，因此句子应该是measures should be taken to provide people with training equipment，故将took改为taken。
第二节 书面表达 (25分)
52. 假设你是星光中学的李华，将参加主题为“Let’s Ride Bicycles”的英语演讲比赛。请撰写一份演讲稿。主要内容包括：
1. 目前汽车带来的空气污染和交通堵塞问题；
2. 骑自行车的益处，既能环保，有利健康等。
注意：1. 词数100左右；
2. 可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯；
参考词汇：低碳生活 (low-carbon life)；节能 (energy saving)
___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
【答案】Good morning, everyone,
I am Li Hua from Xingguang Middle School. The topic of my speech is “Let’s Ride Bicycles”.
As is known to us all, there is an increasing number of cars on roads. We can now drive to work, to go shopping, to visit friends and even to travel across the country. Though they bring about great convenience, cars also go hand in hand with air pollution as well as traffic jams.
How to solve these problems is a great challenge to everyone. My suggestion is that we should ride bicycles. There is no doubt that riding bicycles can surely do us good. Firstly, riding bicycles means using cars less, which is a good way to decrease traffic jams. Secondly, riding bikes is environmentally friendly, that is, it doesn’t cause air pollution and is beneficial to our health. What’s more, bicycles are so handy and convenient that you can go wherever you like and do not need to look for a large parking lot.
Since there are so many advantages, why not join us and ride bicycles
Thank you!
【解析】
【分析】本篇书面表达属于应用文。要求考生撰写的是一篇主题为“Let’s Ride Bicycles”的英语演讲的演讲稿。
【详解】1.词汇积累
众所周知：As is known to us all→It is known to us all that
建议：suggestion→advice
有益于：be beneficial to→be of benefit to
此外：what’s more=besides
2.句式拓展
简单句变复合句
原句：Secondly, riding bikes is environmentally friendly, that is, it doesn’t cause air pollution and is beneficial to our health.
拓展句：Secondly, riding bikes is environmentally friendly, which doesn’t cause air pollution and is beneficial to our health.
【点睛】[高分句型1]As is known to us all, there is an increasing number of cars on roads. We can now drive to work, to go shopping, to visit friends and even to travel across the country.(运用了as引导的非限制性定语从句)
[高分句型2]My suggestion is that we should ride bicycles.(运用了that引导表语从句)