高中试卷答案网2023-2024学年第一学期期中学情调研
英语
第一部分听力(共两节，满分30分)
第一节(共5小题;每小题1.5分，满分7.5分)
听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。
1. What will Hardy do tomorrow
A. Give a speech. B. Write a report. C. Watch a program.
2. When is the plane arriving
A. At 9:15. B. At 9:30. C. At 9:45.
3. What do we know about Lisa
A. She feels hungry easily.
B. She is keen on light diets.
C. She never ate salty food before.
4. Where does the conversation take place
A. In a hotel. B. In a taxi. C. In a market.
5. What does John mean
A. He lost a book. B. He slipped in his room. C. He forgot to do the housed
第二节(共15小题;每小题1.5分，满分22.5分)
听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟;听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。
听第6段材料，回答第6、7题。
6. Why does the man talk to Jennifer
A. To make an invitation. B. To ask for help. C. To talk about his club.
7. What are the art students busy doing at the moment
A. Drawing posters for a big exhibition.
B. Designing advertisements for the school.
C. Making preparations for a painting competition
听第7段材料，回答第8至10题。
8. Why does Ms. White make the call
A. To recommend some books. B. To change an order. C. To cancel the reservation.
9. When will Ms. White get the books
A. The next day. B. 4 days later. C. In 5 days.
10. How does the man sound
A. Confused. B. Helpful. C. Humorous.
听第8段材料，回答第11至14题。
11. What seems to be Catherine’s problem
A. She is homesick.
B. She lacks exercise.
C She can’t adapt herself to work.
12. How do Catherine’s parents feel about their life
A. Pleased. B. Tough. C. Bored.
13. What do the man’s parents like doing best
A. Reading books. B. Drawing pictures. C. Playing chess.
14. What are the speakers mainly talking about
A. American family life. B. The aging society. C. Their parents’ retired life.
听第9段材料，回答第15至17题。
15. What bothers the man
A. Working overtime frequently.
B. Having difficulty falling asleep.
C. Being addicted to online games.
16. What does the man usually do at night
A. He works overtime.
B. He plays with his cellphone.
C. He surfs the Internet on the computer.
17. What is the relationship between the speakers
A. Colleagues. B. Teacher and student. C. Doctor and patient.
听第10段材料，回答第18至20题。
18. When was the exhibition called Celebrate held in China
A. In 2022. B. In 2019. C. In 2013.
19. Why is Anouchka van Driel mentioned in the talk
A. She is a famous artist.
B. She created the bird sculptures.
C. She made a contribution to the exhibition.
20. What is the purpose of the exhibition
A. To raise funds. B. To gain a reputation. . C. To bring art to the world.
第二部分阅读理解(共两节，满分50分)
第一节(共15小题，每小题2.5分，满分37.5分)
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。
A
Many popular modem board games were invented in the United States. But some of our favorite games came from other countries and have deep historic roots.
Parcheesi
Parcheesi came from India, where it is known as pachisi. The Mogul King Akbar, who ruled India in the 1500s, actually had a life-sized version of pachisi in his garden. Parcheesi came to America around 1870, and now has many variations of it — where each player has four pawns (兵) and races to be the first one to get them all safely to a home base.
Checkers
Though simpler than Chess, Checkers offers plenty of strategic considerations for its players. Developing from a Middle Eastern game called alquerque, Checkers was introduced to America in the 1930s and has a number of variations that have been played since at least 3000 B.C.
Backgammon
Backgammon originated in Mesopotamia around 3000 B.C. In the game, two players took turns rolling dice in a race to be the first one to get their 15 pieces off the board. Introduced to America in 1920, Backgammon became wildly popular then and remains so today, especially in its electronic version.
Mancala
Mancala means “to move” in Arabic. Players take turns to move pieces on its special board until all the pieces have been captured. Ancient game boards dating from the 6th and 7th centuries have been found carved in stone in Ethiopia. Mancala was brought into America in 1940 by immigrants from Cape Verde in Africa. And yes — it is played online!
1. Which of the following was first introduced to America
A. Parcheesi. B. Checkers. C. Backgammon. D. Mancala.
2. What do Backgammon and Mancala have in common
A. Each game has four players. B. They have digital versions.
C. Their boards were carved in stone. D. They date back to 3000 years ago.
3. In which column of a magazine can this text be found
A. Health. B. Economy. C. Science. D. Entertain.
B
Salvador Dali (1904—1989) was one of the most popular of modern artists. The Pompidou Centre in Paris is showing its respect and admiration for the artist and his powerful personality with an exhibition bringing together over 200 paintings, sculptures, drawings and more. Among the works and masterworks on exhibition the visitor will find the best pieces, most importantly The Persistence of Memory. There is also L’Enigme sans Fin from 1938, works on paper, objects, and projects for stage and screen and selected parts from television programmes reflecting the artist’s showman qualities.
The visitor will enter the World of Dali through an egg and is met with the beginning, the world of birth. The exhibition follows a path of time and subject with the visitor exiting through the brain.
The exhibition shows how Dali draws the viewer between two infinities (无限). ＂From the infinity small to the infinity large, contraction and expansion coming in and out of focus: amazing Flemish accuracy and the showy Baroque of old painting that he used in his museum-theatre in Figueras,＂ explains the Pompidou Centre.
The fine selection of the major works was done in close collaboration (合作) with the Museo Nacional Reina Sofia in Madrid, Spain, and with contributions from other institutions like the Salvador Dali Museum in St. Petersburg.
4. Which of the following best describe Dali according to Paragraph 1
A. Optimistic. B. Productive.
C. Generous. D. Traditional.
5. What is Dali’s The Persistence of Memory considered to be
A. One of his masterworks. B. A successful screen adaptation.
C. An artistic creation for the stage. D. One of the beat TV programmes.
6. How are the exhibits arranged at the World of Dali
A By popularity. B. By importance.
C. By size and shape. D. By time and subject.
7. What does the word ＂contributions＂ in the last paragraph refer to
A. Artworks. B. Projects.
C. Donations. D. Documents.
C
Aeronautics (航空学) specialists from the University of South Australia spent months studying the dragonfly’s flight, creating 3D models from digital images, to build a winged drone (无人机). Study leader Javaan Chahl believes that winged drones based on the dragonfly’s shape and movement will simply be more flexible and energy efficient.
Chahl’s team used a special photography technique to classify the wing shapes of 75 different dragonfly species from museum collections. Their wings are long, light and hard. Plus, their long bodies give them excellent stability and balance, making it possible for winged drones to deliver awkward loads and undertake long observation missions.
Investigating the way that dragonflies remain stable during flight actually reveals the techniques they use to get themselves out of tricky situations. Dragonflies are found to be able to perform upside-down backflips to regain balance and normal flight, when they find themselves upside down mid-air. This special skill can even be performed while dragonflies are unconscious, meaning it is a passive stability mechanism similar in concept to planes that are designed to glide to safety with their engines turned off. Engineers are looking to copy dragonfly wings to create safer drones that can right themselves.
Of course, not all attempts to build dragonfly-like drones are successful. TechJet’s air vehicle was supposed to operate as an aerial camera, observation and security drone, but it failed before production got underway. Similarly, Insectothopter, an American dragonfly spy drone built in the 1970 s was deserted.
Yet the principles behind winged drones are solid. In fact, NASA has settled on a nuclear-powered autonomous craft called Dragonfly to explore the surface of Saturn’s moon Titan in 2034. NASA’s project is actually an air vehicle, rather than a winged drone, but engineers are still convinced they can crack the code of nature’s most gifted flying insect and revolutionize unmanned flight along the way.
8. Why did aeronautics specialists spend months studying the dragonfly’s flight
A. To build 3D models from digital images.
B. To make winged drones modelled after it.
C. To clarify the flexibility and efficiency of drones.
D. To display the shape and movement of the dragonfly.
9. The special skill of dragonflies is their ability to_________.
A. glide to safety B. avoid tricky situations
C. perform observation tasks D. adjust themselves to stay stable
10. What is the author’s attitude towards winged drones
A. Skeptical. B. Uncertain. C. Supportive. D. Conservative.
11. Which can be a suitable title for the text
A. Winged Drones: Still a Long Way to Go
B. Javaan Chahl: An Innovative Leader of Aeronautics
C. A Dragonfly’s Flying Technique: Perfect for Drones
D. The Code of Nature: A Solution to NASA’s Space Exploration
D
Cancer is caused by gene mutations (突变) that accumulate in cells over time, yet long-lived animals that have lots of cells, such as elephants and whales, hardly ever get it. Why
For elephants, at least, part of the answer may be the gene commonly known as p53, which also helps humans and many other animals repair DNA damaged during replication (复制). Elephants have an amazing 20 copies of this gene. Those copies, each with two variations produce a total of 40 proteins, compared with humans’ (and most animals’) single copy producing two proteins.
In mammals, p53 plays a crucial role in preventing mutated cells from turning into tumors (肿瘤). It works by pausing replication and then either initiating repair or causing cells to self-destruct if the damage is too extensive. Without action from p53, cancer can easily take hold: in more than half of all human cancers, the gene’s function has been lost through random mutations.
The scientists virtually modeled and studied carefully elephants’ 40 p53 proteins, finding two ways the gene could help elephants avoid cancer. First, the fact that elephants possess multiple copies lowers the chance of p53 no longer working because of mutations. Additionally, elephants’ p53 copies activate in response to varying mutations and so respond to damaged cells differently, which likely gives an edge when detecting and getting rid of mutations.
These “remarkable” results imply that elephants have a series of means though which p53 can operate, says Sue Haupt, a cell biologist who was not involved in the work. This points to “exciting possibilities for exploring powerful new approaches to cancer protection in humans,” she adds.
Study co-author Robin Fahraeus and his colleagues are now following up on these results using blood samples from an African elephant at the Vienna Zoo. They are exploring how its p53 proteins interact with damaged cells and plan to compare those findings with results from human cells.
12. What does the underlined word “initiating” mean in paragraph 3
A. Delaying. B. Indicating.
C. Stopping. D. Starting.
13. How do p53 copies free elephants from cancer
A. By preventing the replication thoroughly.
B. By providing precise response continuously.
C. By lowering the chance of mutations in advance.
D. By repairing the damaged cells in the same way.
14. What can we conclude from the last 2 paragraphs
A. The results need further tests.
B. More biologists will participate in the study.
C. The results throw light on humans’ fighting cancer.
D. Researchers have new findings in African elephants.
15 What is the text mainly about
A. Why elephants don’t get cancer.
B. What contributes to elephants’ long life.
C. Where the anticancer breakthrough lies.
D. How the key cancer-fighting gene works.
第二节 (其5小题;每小题2.5分,满分12.5分)
根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
When the British poet Alfred Lord Tennyson described nature as “red in tooth and claw” he was telling us that the natural world can be cruel as well as beautiful.____16____.
Most people living in urban areas rarely encounter wild animals in their natural surroundings. ____17____ And they are willing to get close to them. But for wild animals, it is “eat or be eaten,” and they can’t distinguish between humans and other animals.
____18____ In Canadian woods lives a dog-like animal, coyote, which is a little bigger than a fox, but smaller than a wolf. They usually avoid humans, but the occasional attacks can be deadly. Every year, one or two people end up getting killed by coyotes.
Earlier this year, a herd of elepants in Yunnan left their home in the Xishuangbanna National Nature Reserve and went on a meandering journey through the province. They destroyed crops and buildings along the way. Villages in their path had to be evacuated because of the potential dangers they posed to villagers. Animal experts haven’t determined why the elephants went on their journey. ____19____ The wild animals we love are in a constant struggle for survival. Our expanding into the natural habitats of wild animals can be dangerous for the animals and then us humans as well.
Maybe we should try to stay away from them. ____20____ Their lives—red in tooth and claw—are difficult enough without us causing them any more problems than they already have.
A. A walk in the woods can be dangerous.
B. It is a way to protect the wild animals, and it’s also our responsibility.
C. In Canada, people have a more realistic attitude towards wild animals.
D. In simple terms, we should try to keep proper distance from wild animals.
E. Hence they misunderstand that wild animals are just as friendly as Disney characters.
F. Thanks to active environmental conservation, the number of the elephants grew larger.
G. A reasonable possibility is that they probably needed more room and more food to survive.
第三部分语言知识运用(共两节,满分30分)
第一节 (共15小题;每小题1分，满分15分)
阅读下面短文，从文后各题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
A few years ago, I saw a baby goat at the end of the driveway, and I figured he was____21____ by his owner. The kid was____22____nervous but stood perfectly still as I approached.
I’m an animal lover and I’ve brought____23____animals home, cats, chickens, horses but never a goat. The tiny kid was too adorable to ____24____. I named him Quincy.
Quincy proved to be quite____25____. When he was about a week old, I tapped my fingers on the bathroom floor and said “Lie down.” I was____26____when he dropped down, and even more surprised when he did it three times in a row. After a quick ____27____, Quincy mastered how to lie down, bow, and turn in a circle ____28____ . Now he knows the name of everything I feed him.
I love to ____29____ animals and often take my dogs to shows where they can perform their tricks. When he was just six weeks old, Quincy ____30____ the first show. He knew only a few tricks then, but he did them ____31____ and never misbehaved or got nervous in front of the ____32____ . Now Quincy and my dog perform regularly at schools, nursing homes, and charity events. Quincy can ____33____ “read” his tricks off cue (提示) cards, which always ____34____ the most applause.
It’s hard to believe that the goat kid which nobody wanted ____35____ one of the smartest and most good-natured animals I’ve ever had. He’s by far the sharpest of my bunch!
21. A. sold B. released C. rescued D. abandoned
22. A. obviously B. merely C. rarely D. eventually
23. A. small B. various C. strange D. lovely
24. A. adopt B. resist C. keep D. donate
25. A. intelligent B. sensitive C. faithful D. curious
26. A. concerned B. confused C. amazed D. satisfied
27. A. study B. thought C. check D. recovery
28. A. as a result B. by no means C. in that case D. in no time
29. A. feed B. train C. comfort D. raise
30. A. appreciated B. watched C. gave D. planned
31. A. determinedly B. clumsily C. unmistakably D. nervously
32. A. staff B. owner C. trainer D. crowd
33. A. even B. still C. just D. yet
34. A. requires B. earns C. expects D. gives
35. A. led to B. served as C. turned out D. took over
第二节语法填空(共10小题，每小题1.5分，满分15分)
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
Despite occupying a relatively small area, rainforests have an important role to play in maintaining the world and they are home to a rich ____36____ (various) of medicinal plants, birds and animals.
As the lungs of the planet, rainforests have their own perfect system, ____37____ ensures their own survival. The tall trees make a canopy (顶篷) of branches and leaves that protect themselves, smaller plants and the forest animals from heavy rain, intense dry heat ____38____ (release) from the sun and strong winds. ____39____ (amazing), the trees grow in such a way that their leaves and branches, although close together, never actually touch ____40____ of another tree. Scientists think this is a deliberate way ____41____(prevent) the spread of any tree discases. The ground floor of the forest is not all twisted leaves and bushes, ____42____ a fairly clear land. It is where leaves transform ____43____ food for the trees and other forest life.
Worryingly, rainforests around the world are disappearing at ____44____ alarming rate. A few thousand years ago, rainforests _____45_____ (cover) as much as 12 per cent of the land surface on Earth, but today this has fallen to less than 7 per cent.
第四部分 写作(共两节，满分40分)
第一节 应用文(满分15分)
46. 假如你是李华，你校学生会要评选年度风云人物，现在请你根据以下要点向你校学生会主席(Mark)写一封推荐信。
1. 被推荐人姓名：你班学生李明。
2. 推荐理由：a. 学习刻苦成绩优良；b. 尊敬老师，乐于助人；c. 上周在上学途中他将一位突发重病的老人送往医院。
3. 参考词汇：年度风云人物the person of the year。
注意：
1. 字数：80词左右;
2. 可适当增加细节以使行文连贯;
3. 请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
Dear Mark,
_______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Yours sincerely,
Li Hua
第二节 读后续写(共1小题，满分25分)
47. 阅读下面短文，根据所给情节进行续写，使之构成一个完整的故事。
That day, I was going to skate a clean freestyle program for the first time in a year. I determined to land the axel (前外一周半跳) in competition.
“I can make it!” I thought as I skated to the center ice. When my music sounded, I started my program with a circular step and a bright smile, followed by a beautiful combination spin. Flying camel, sit spin, layback spin. Perfection. The jump! The axel!
I could do it when I practiced off-ice, but I’d only landed it on-ice approximately fourteen times in my entire life. So I was a little nervous. I’d leave it out if I could, but my Olympic dreams depended on it. My coach, Geena, put it early in my program so I could do it while my legs were not tired. Taking a deep breath, “I can succeed!” I thought.
I was on the right back outside edge of my skate blade (冰刀), ready to turn forward and launch into the axel. My nerves were back, working against me. “I can do this!” I thought. I stepped into takeoff and I did… a waltz jump (半周跳). It is a jump I’d been doing since I was pretty young. It is only one-half a rotation (旋转) instead of the one and one-half that I need for the axel.
I glimpsed Coach Geena’s questioning eyebrow as I glided past the door and imagined the disappointed looks on my parents’ faces. “It’s not over,” I reasoned to myself, glancing into the bleachers (露天座位). “I’d just replace the next jump with the axel.”
However, it didn’t work out the way I’d hoped. I fell, and I kept falling. Never one to give up, I replaced every jump in my program with the axel, but I didn’t land one. I spent so much time on the ice that it’s like I was making sure the ice was clean for the next skater. The two minutes, fifteen seconds of my program felt like an age. By the time I was done, my dress was soaked through and I was seven seconds behind my music, so I finished skating to silence.
注意：1. 续写词数应为150左右；
2. 请按如下格式在相应位置作答。
As I skated toward the exit, I felt everyone was looking at me with pity.
_______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
The performance going on, I rose up from the bleachers, determined to go home but my parents held me up.
_______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________2023-2024学年第一学期期中学情调研
英语
第一部分听力(共两节，满分30分)
第一节(共5小题;每小题1.5分，满分7.5分)
听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。
1. What will Hardy do tomorrow
A. Give a speech. B. Write a report. C. Watch a program.
2. When is the plane arriving
A. At 9:15. B. At 9:30. C. At 9:45.
3. What do we know about Lisa
A. She feels hungry easily.
B. She is keen on light diets.
C. She never ate salty food before.
4. Where does the conversation take place
A. In a hotel. B. In a taxi. C. In a market.
5. What does John mean
A. He lost a book. B. He slipped in his room. C. He forgot to do the housed
第二节(共15小题;每小题1.5分，满分22.5分)
听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟;听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。
听第6段材料，回答第6、7题。
6. Why does the man talk to Jennifer
A. To make an invitation. B. To ask for help. C. To talk about his club.
7. What are the art students busy doing at the moment
A. Drawing posters for a big exhibition.
B. Designing advertisements for the school.
C. Making preparations for a painting competition,
听第7段材料，回答第8至10题。
8. Why does Ms. White make the call
A. To recommend some books. B. To change an order. C. To cancel the reservation.
9. When will Ms. White get the books
A. The next day. B. 4 days later. C. In 5 days.
10. How does the man sound
A. Confused. B. Helpful. C. Humorous.
听第8段材料，回答第11至14题。
11. What seems to be Catherine’s problem
A. She is homesick.
B. She lacks exercise.
C. She can’t adapt herself to work.
12. How do Catherine’s parents feel about their life
A. Pleased. B. Tough. C. Bored.
13. What do the man’s parents like doing best
A. Reading books. B. Drawing pictures. C. Playing chess.
14. What are the speakers mainly talking about
A. American family life. B. The aging society. C. Their parents’ retired life.
听第9段材料，回答第15至17题。
15. What bothers the man
A. Working overtime frequently.
B. Having difficulty falling asleep.
C. Being addicted to online games.
16. What does the man usually do at night
A. He works overtime.
B. He plays with his cellphone.
C. He surfs the Internet on the computer.
17. What is the relationship between the speakers
A. Colleagues. B. Teacher and student. C. Doctor and patient.
听第10段材料，回答第18至20题。
18. When was the exhibition called Celebrate held in China
A. In 2022. B. In 2019. C. In 2013.
19. Why is Anouchka van Driel mentioned in the talk
A She is a famous artist.
B. She created the bird sculptures.
C. She made a contribution to the exhibition.
20. What is the purpose of the exhibition
A. To raise funds. B. To gain a reputation. . C. To bring art to the world.
第二部分阅读理解(共两节，满分50分)
第一节(共15小题，每小题2.5分，满分37.5分)
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。
A
Many popular modem board games were invented in the United States. But some of our favorite games came from other countries and have deep historic roots.
Parcheesi
Parcheesi came from India, where it is known as pachisi. The Mogul King Akbar, who ruled India in the 1500s, actually had a life-sized version of pachisi in his garden. Parcheesi came to America around 1870, and now has many variations of it — where each player has four pawns (兵) and races to be the first one to get them all safely to a home base.
Checkers
Though simpler than Chess, Checkers offers plenty of strategic considerations for its players. Developing from a Middle Eastern game called alquerque, Checkers was introduced to America in the 1930s and has a number of variations that have been played since at least 3000 B.C.
Backgammon
Backgammon originated in Mesopotamia around 3000 B.C. In the game, two players took turns rolling dice in a race to be the first one to get their 15 pieces off the board. Introduced to America in 1920, Backgammon became wildly popular then and remains so today, especially in its electronic version.
Mancala
Mancala means “to move” in Arabic. Players take turns to move pieces on its special board until all the pieces have been captured. Ancient game boards dating from the 6th and 7th centuries have been found carved in stone in Ethiopia. Mancala was brought into America in 1940 by immigrants from Cape Verde in Africa. And yes — it is played online!
1. Which of the following was first introduced to America
A. Parcheesi. B. Checkers. C. Backgammon. D. Mancala.
2. What do Backgammon and Mancala have in common
A. Each game has four players. B. They have digital versions.
C. Their boards were carved in stone. D. They date back to 3000 years ago.
3. In which column of a magazine can this text be found
A. Health. B. Economy. C. Science. D. Entertain.
【答案】1. A 2. B 3. D
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇应用文。文章主要介绍了四种游戏的历史以及传播。
【1题详解】
细节理解题。根据第二段“Parcheesi came to America around 1870, and now has many variations of it — where each player has four pawns (兵) and races to be the first one to get them all safely to a home base. (1870年左右，美式象棋来到了美国，现在它有很多变体——每个玩家有四个小兵，谁先把他们安全送到本垒，谁就得比赛)”；第三段“Developing from a Middle Eastern game called alquerque, Checkers was introduced to America in the 1930s and has a number of variations that have been played since at least 3000 B.C. (跳棋是从一种叫做alquerque的中东游戏发展而来的，20世纪30年代被引入美国，至少从公元前3000年开始就有了许多变体)”；第四段“Introduced to America in 1920, Backgammon became wildly popular then and remains so today, especially in its electronic version. (西洋双陆棋于1920年被引入美国，在当时和今天都广受欢迎，尤其是电子版本)”以及最后一段“Mancala was brought into America in 1940 by immigrants from Cape Verde in Africa. (1940年，Mancala被来自非洲佛得角的移民带到美国)”可知，Parcheesi最先被引入美国。故选A。
【2题详解】
细节理解题。根据第四段“Introduced to America in 1920, Backgammon became wildly popular then and remains so today, especially in its electronic version.(西洋双陆棋于1920年被引入美国，在当时和今天都广受欢迎，尤其是电子版本)”以及最后一段“And yes — it is played online! ( 是的，它可以网上玩！)”可知，Backgammon和Mancala的共同之处是都有电子版。故选B。
【3题详解】
推理判断题。根据第一段“Many popular modem board games were invented in the United States. But some of our favorite games came from other countries and have deep historic roots. (许多流行的现代棋盘游戏都是在美国发明的。但我们最喜欢的一些游戏来自其他国家，有着深厚的历史渊源)”结合文章主要介绍了四种游戏的历史以及传播。可推知，文章选自“娱乐”版面。故选D。
B
Salvador Dali (1904—1989) was one of the most popular of modern artists. The Pompidou Centre in Paris is showing its respect and admiration for the artist and his powerful personality with an exhibition bringing together over 200 paintings, sculptures, drawings and more. Among the works and masterworks on exhibition the visitor will find the best pieces, most importantly The Persistence of Memory. There is also L’Enigme sans Fin from 1938, works on paper, objects, and projects for stage and screen and selected parts from television programmes reflecting the artist’s showman qualities.
The visitor will enter the World of Dali through an egg and is met with the beginning, the world of birth. The exhibition follows a path of time and subject with the visitor exiting through the brain.
The exhibition shows how Dali draws the viewer between two infinities (无限). ＂From the infinity small to the infinity large, contraction and expansion coming in and out of focus: amazing Flemish accuracy and the showy Baroque of old painting that he used in his museum-theatre in Figueras,＂ explains the Pompidou Centre.
The fine selection of the major works was done in close collaboration (合作) with the Museo Nacional Reina Sofia in Madrid, Spain, and with contributions from other institutions like the Salvador Dali Museum in St. Petersburg.
4. Which of the following best describe Dali according to Paragraph 1
A. Optimistic. B. Productive.
C. Generous. D. Traditional.
5. What is Dali’s The Persistence of Memory considered to be
A. One of his masterworks. B. A successful screen adaptation.
C. An artistic creation for the stage. D. One of the beat TV programmes.
6. How are the exhibits arranged at the World of Dali
A. By popularity. B. By importance.
C. By size and shape. D. By time and subject.
7. What does the word ＂contributions＂ in the last paragraph refer to
A. Artworks. B. Projects.
C. Donations. D. Documents.
【答案】4. B 5. A 6. D 7. A
【解析】
【分析】萨尔瓦多·达利是最受欢迎的现代艺术家之一，巴黎的蓬皮杜艺术中心展示了他200多幅油画，雕塑和绘画等作品。展览是按时间和主题展示，展品融合了多种风格，显示了萨尔瓦多·达利非凡的艺术才能。
【4题详解】
推理判断题。根据第一段The Pompidou Centre in Paris is showing its respect and admiration for the artist and his powerful personality with an exhibition bringing together over 200 paintings, sculptures, drawings and more.可知，巴黎蓬皮杜艺术中心的展览汇集了达利200多件油画、雕塑、绘画等作品，由此可以推断出他是一个多产的（productive）艺术家。对于他的"乐观"、"慷慨"和"传统"，文中没有信息句支持。故选B。
【5题详解】
推理判断题。根据第一段第三句Among the works and masterworks on exhibition the visitor will find the best pieces, most importantly The Persistence of Memory.可知，The Persistence of Memory是他的杰作之一。故选A。
【6题详解】
推理判断题。根据文章第二段第二句The exhibition follows a path of time and subject with the visitor exiting through the brain.可知，达利的作品展览是按照时间和主题组织的，对于按照"流行度""重要性""尺寸和形状"等这样的形式，文中并无信息支持。故选D。
【7题详解】
猜测词义题。根据最后一段可知，最后一段强调了对主要作品进行了精选（the fine selection of the major works），又点明contributions来自其他机构，所以可推断出 contributions 应该属于 works 的范畴。contributions指“贡献”，与C项同义，故选A。
【点睛】在做阅读理解题过程中，应首先略读一下短文，了解一下短文的大致意思，然后把几个选项含义理解透，尤其注意意思相近，表达有交叉的选项之间的区别。然后再细读短文，把答案填入合适位置。答题时可以把含义相近的几个选项轮流填入同一处位置，反复阅读，反复体会，找出最佳选项，对于实在没有把握的小题可以最后完成。完成短文后，再认真通读一遍全文，看看上下语意是否通顺，是否符合逻辑关系。要看完全文，关键对方反复阅读，才能选对答案。例如小题1，根据第一段The Pompidou Centre in Paris is showing its respect and admiration for the artist and his powerful personality with an exhibition bringing together over 200 paintings, sculptures, drawings and more.可知达利的作品是多产的，故选B。
C
Aeronautics (航空学) specialists from the University of South Australia spent months studying the dragonfly’s flight, creating 3D models from digital images, to build a winged drone (无人机). Study leader Javaan Chahl believes that winged drones based on the dragonfly’s shape and movement will simply be more flexible and energy efficient.
Chahl’s team used a special photography technique to classify the wing shapes of 75 different dragonfly species from museum collections. Their wings are long, light and hard. Plus, their long bodies give them excellent stability and balance, making it possible for winged drones to deliver awkward loads and undertake long observation missions.
Investigating the way that dragonflies remain stable during flight actually reveals the techniques they use to get themselves out of tricky situations. Dragonflies are found to be able to perform upside-down backflips to regain balance and normal flight, when they find themselves upside down mid-air. This special skill can even be performed while dragonflies are unconscious, meaning it is a passive stability mechanism similar in concept to planes that are designed to glide to safety with their engines turned off. Engineers are looking to copy dragonfly wings to create safer drones that can right themselves.
Of course, not all attempts to build dragonfly-like drones are successful. TechJet’s air vehicle was supposed to operate as an aerial camera, observation and security drone, but it failed before production got underway. Similarly, Insectothopter, an American dragonfly spy drone built in the 1970 s was deserted.
Yet the principles behind winged drones are solid. In fact, NASA has settled on a nuclear-powered autonomous craft called Dragonfly to explore the surface of Saturn’s moon Titan in 2034. NASA’s project is actually an air vehicle, rather than a winged drone, but engineers are still convinced they can crack the code of nature’s most gifted flying insect and revolutionize unmanned flight along the way.
8. Why did aeronautics specialists spend months studying the dragonfly’s flight
A. To build 3D models from digital images.
B. To make winged drones modelled after it.
C. To clarify the flexibility and efficiency of drones.
D. To display the shape and movement of the dragonfly.
9. The special skill of dragonflies is their ability to_________.
A. glide to safety B. avoid tricky situations
C. perform observation tasks D. adjust themselves to stay stable
10. What is the author’s attitude towards winged drones
A. Skeptical. B. Uncertain. C. Supportive. D. Conservative.
11. Which can be a suitable title for the text
A Winged Drones: Still a Long Way to Go
B. Javaan Chahl: An Innovative Leader of Aeronautics
C. A Dragonfly’s Flying Technique: Perfect for Drones
D. The Code of Nature: A Solution to NASA’s Space Exploration
【答案】8. B 9. D 10. C 11. C
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇说明文。南澳大利亚大学的航空专家花了几个月的时间研究蜻蜓的飞行，从数字图像创建3D模型，以建造一架有翼无人机。文章介绍了蜻蜓特殊的飞行技能以及人们对类似蜻蜓的无人机的尝试。
【8题详解】
细节理解题。根据第一段“Aeronautics (航空学) specialists from the University of South Australia spent months studying the dragonfly’s flight, creating 3D models from digital images, to build a winged drone (无人机).( 南澳大利亚大学的航空专家花了几个月的时间研究蜻蜓的飞行，从数字图像创建3D模型，以建造一架有翼无人机)”可知，航空专家花了几个月的时间研究蜻蜓的飞行是为了仿照它制作有翼无人机。故选B。
【9题详解】
细节理解题。根据第三段中“Dragonflies are found to be able to perform upside-down backflips to regain balance and normal flight, when they find themselves upside down mid-air. This special skill can even be performed while dragonflies are unconscious, meaning it is a passive stability mechanism similar in concept to planes that are designed to glide to safety with their engines turned off.(人们发现，当蜻蜓发现自己在半空中倒立时，它们能够进行倒立后空翻以恢复平衡和正常飞行。这种特殊技能甚至可以在蜻蜓无意识的情况下进行，这意味着它是一种被动稳定机制，在概念上类似于飞机在关闭引擎的情况下滑翔到安全地带)”可知，蜻蜓的特殊技能是它们调整自己以保持稳定的能力。故选D。
【10题详解】
推理判断题。根据最后一段中“Yet the principles behind winged drones are solid.(然而，有翼无人机背后的原理是可靠的)”以及“NASA’s project is actually an air vehicle, rather than a winged drone, but engineers are still convinced they can crack the code of nature’s most gifted flying insect and revolutionize unmanned flight along the way.(美国宇航局的项目实际上是一种飞行器，而不是有翼无人机，但工程师们仍然相信他们可以破解自然界最具天赋的飞行昆虫的密码，并在此过程中彻底改变无人飞行)”可推知，作者对有翼无人机的态度是支持的。故选C。
【11题详解】
主旨大意题。根据第一段“Aeronautics (航空学) specialists from the University of South Australia spent months studying the dragonfly’s flight, creating 3D models from digital images, to build a winged drone (无人机). Study leader Javaan Chahl believes that winged drones based on the dragonfly’s shape and movement will simply be more flexible and energy efficient. (南澳大利亚大学的航空专家花了几个月的时间研究蜻蜓的飞行，从数字图像创建3D模型，以建造一架有翼无人机。研究负责人Javaan Chahl认为，基于蜻蜓形状和运动的带翼无人机将更加灵活和节能)”结合文章介绍了蜻蜓特殊的飞行技能以及人们对类似蜻蜓的无人机的尝试。可知，C选项“蜻蜓的飞行技术：无人机的完美选择”最符合文章标题。故选C。
D
Cancer is caused by gene mutations (突变) that accumulate in cells over time, yet long-lived animals that have lots of cells, such as elephants and whales, hardly ever get it. Why
For elephants, at least, part of the answer may be the gene commonly known as p53, which also helps humans and many other animals repair DNA damaged during replication (复制). Elephants have an amazing 20 copies of this gene. Those copies, each with two variations produce a total of 40 proteins, compared with humans’ (and most animals’) single copy producing two proteins.
In mammals, p53 plays a crucial role in preventing mutated cells from turning into tumors (肿瘤). It works by pausing replication and then either initiating repair or causing cells to self-destruct if the damage is too extensive. Without action from p53, cancer can easily take hold: in more than half of all human cancers, the gene’s function has been lost through random mutations.
The scientists virtually modeled and studied carefully elephants’ 40 p53 proteins, finding two ways the gene could help elephants avoid cancer. First, the fact that elephants possess multiple copies lowers the chance of p53 no longer working because of mutations. Additionally, elephants’ p53 copies activate in response to varying mutations and so respond to damaged cells differently, which likely gives an edge when detecting and getting rid of mutations.
These “remarkable” results imply that elephants have a series of means though which p53 can operate, says Sue Haupt, a cell biologist who was not involved in the work. This points to “exciting possibilities for exploring powerful new approaches to cancer protection in humans,” she adds.
Study co-author Robin Fahraeus and his colleagues are now following up on these results using blood samples from an African elephant at the Vienna Zoo. They are exploring how its p53 proteins interact with damaged cells and plan to compare those findings with results from human cells.
12. What does the underlined word “initiating” mean in paragraph 3
A. Delaying. B. Indicating.
C. Stopping. D. Starting.
13. How do p53 copies free elephants from cancer
A. By preventing the replication thoroughly.
B. By providing precise response continuously.
C. By lowering the chance of mutations in advance.
D. By repairing the damaged cells in the same way.
14. What can we conclude from the last 2 paragraphs
A. The results need further tests.
B. More biologists will participate in the study.
C. The results throw light on humans’ fighting cancer.
D. Researchers have new findings in African elephants.
15. What is the text mainly about
A. Why elephants don’t get cancer.
B. What contributes to elephants’ long life.
C. Where the anticancer breakthrough lies.
D. How the key cancer-fighting gene works.
【答案】12. D 13. B 14. C 15. A
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要讲述了为什么长寿的动物们不会患癌症的问题。
【12题详解】
词句猜测题。根据第三段第一句及划线词所在句“In mammals, p53 plays a crucial role in preventing mutated cells from turning into tumors (肿瘤). It works by pausing replication and then either initiating repair or causing cells to self-destruct if the damage is too extensive.(在哺乳动物中，p53在防止突变细胞变成肿瘤方面起着至关重要的作用。它的工作原理是暂停复制，然后要么initiating修复，要么在损伤过于广泛时导致细胞自我毁灭)”可知，对于损伤过于广泛的细胞，p53会让细胞自我毁灭，因而对于可以修复的细胞，p53则会开始修复它。由此可知，划线词此处为“开始”含义。故选D。
【13题详解】
细节理解题。根据第四段“The scientists virtually modeled and studied carefully elephants’ 40 p53 proteins, finding two ways the gene could help elephants avoid cancer. First, the fact that elephants possess multiple copies lowers the chance of p53 no longer working because of mutations. Additionally, elephants’ p53 copies activate in response to varying mutations and so respond to damaged cells differently, which likely gives an edge when detecting and getting rid of mutations.(科学家们实际上建立了大象40种 p53蛋白的模型，并仔细研究了这些蛋白，发现了这种基因可以帮助大象避免癌症的两种方式。首先，大象拥有多个p53的副本的事实降低了 p53由于突变而不再起作用的可能性。此外，大象的 p53的副本对不同突变的反应也不同，因此对受损细胞的反应也不同，这可能在检测和消除突变方面有优势)”可知，p53对不同的突变的作用是不同的，即p53通过持续的针对不同的突变作出准确的回应，进而帮助大象避免癌症。故选B。
【14题详解】
推理判断题。根据倒数第二段中“These “remarkable” results imply that elephants have a series of means though which p53 can operate, says Sue Haupt, a cell biologist who was not involved in the work. This points to “exciting possibilities for exploring powerful new approaches to cancer protection in humans,” she adds.(没有参与这项工作的细胞生物学家苏 · 豪普特(Sue Haupt)说，这些“非凡”的结果意味着，大象有一系列的方法可以让 p53起作用。她补充说，这表明“探索强有力的人类癌症防护新方法的令人兴奋的可能性”)”可知，这些非凡的结果意味着“探索强有力的人类癌症防护新方法的令人兴奋的可能性”。由此推知，这些结果的发现为人类对抗癌症提供了线索。故选C。
【15题详解】
主旨大意题。通读全文，根据第一段“Cancer is caused by gene mutations (突变) that accumulate in cells over time, yet long-lived animals that have lots of cells, such as elephants and whales, hardly ever get it. Why (癌症是由基因突变引起的，随着时间的推移，基因突变积累在细胞中，然而长寿的动物有很多细胞，如大象和鲸鱼，几乎从来不会有癌症。为什么？)”及第二段中“For elephants, at least, part of the answer may be the gene commonly known as p53, which also helps humans and many other animals repair DNA damaged during replication (复制).(至少对大象来说，部分答案可能是通常被称为 p53的基因，它也帮助人类和许多其他动物修复复制过程中受损的 DNA)”可知，本文主要讲述了为什么长寿的动物们不会患癌症的问题。故选A。
第二节 (其5小题;每小题2.5分,满分12.5分)
根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
When the British poet Alfred Lord Tennyson described nature as “red in tooth and claw”, he was telling us that the natural world can be cruel as well as beautiful.____16____.
Most people living in urban areas rarely encounter wild animals in their natural surroundings. ____17____ And they are willing to get close to them. But for wild animals, it is “eat or be eaten,” and they can’t distinguish between humans and other animals.
____18____ In Canadian woods lives a dog-like animal, coyote, which is a little bigger than a fox, but smaller than a wolf. They usually avoid humans, but the occasional attacks can be deadly. Every year, one or two people end up getting killed by coyotes.
Earlier this year, a herd of elepants in Yunnan left their home in the Xishuangbanna National Nature Reserve and went on a meandering journey through the province. They destroyed crops and buildings along the way. Villages in their path had to be evacuated because of the potential dangers they posed to villagers. Animal experts haven’t determined why the elephants went on their journey. ____19____ The wild animals we love are in a constant struggle for survival. Our expanding into the natural habitats of wild animals can be dangerous for the animals and then us humans as well.
Maybe we should try to stay away from them. ____20____ Their lives—red in tooth and claw—are difficult enough without us causing them any more problems than they already have.
A. A walk in the woods can be dangerous.
B. It is a way to protect the wild animals, and it’s also our responsibility.
C. In Canada, people have a more realistic attitude towards wild animals.
D. In simple terms, we should try to keep proper distance from wild animals.
E. Hence they misunderstand that wild animals are just as friendly as Disney characters.
F. Thanks to active environmental conservation, the number of the elephants grew larger.
G. A reasonable possibility is that they probably needed more room and more food to survive.
【答案】16. D 17. E 18. A 19. G 20. B
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇议论文。文章开篇借由英国诗人Alfred Lord Tennyson的话“残酷无情”，引出观点：我们应尽量与野生动物保持距离。接着以加拿大森林里的土狼和云南大象迁徙为例进行论证，告诫我们应当远离这些动物的生活，这是保护它们的一种方式，也是我们的责任。
【16题详解】
设空处位于段末，应具有总结前文的作用。上文“When the British poet Alfred Lord Tennyson described nature as “red in tooth and claw”, he was telling us that the natural world can be cruel as well as beautiful.(当英国诗人阿尔弗雷德·丁尼生将自然描述为“残酷无情”时，他是在告诉我们，自然界可残酷可美丽。)”提到了英国诗人的话，他认为自然界可残酷可美丽，但此处尚未表明作者自己的观点，由此可推知，设空处是作者在总结前文并表明自己的观点。D项“In simple terms, we should try to keep proper distance from wild animals.(简单地说，我们应该尽量与野生动物保持适当的距离。)”恰好能总结前文内容，又表达了作者自己的观点，符合语境。故选D项。
【17题详解】
上文“Most people living in urban areas rarely encounter wild animals in their natural surroundings.(大多数生活在城市地区的人很少在自然环境中遇到野生动物。)”提到了大多数生活在城市的人很少遇到野生动物；下文“And they are willing to get close to them. But for wild animals, it is “eat or be eaten,” and they can’t distinguish between humans and other animals.(他们愿意接近野生动物。但对于野生动物来说，这是“要么吃，要么被吃”，它们无法区分人类和其他动物。)”提到了，人们愿意接近这些野生动物，但野生动物只有“要么吃，要么被吃”的概念，无法区分人类和其他动物；由此可推知，人们接近这些野生动物，是因为没有正确的认知。E项“Hence they misunderstand that wild animals are just as friendly as Disney characters. (因此，他们误以为野生动物和迪士尼角色一样友好)”一方面与下文“And they are willing to get close to them.(他们愿意接近野生动物)”构成因果关系，另一方面也与下文“野生动物的反应”对应。故选E项。
【18题详解】
设空处位于段首，应具有概述下文的作用。下文“In Canadian woods lives a dog-like animal, coyote, which is a little bigger than a fox, but smaller than a wolf. They usually avoid humans, but the occasional attacks can be deadly. Every year, one or two people end up getting killed by coyotes.(在加拿大的森林里，生活着一种类似狗的动物，叫土狼。它比狐狸大一点，但比狼小。它们通常避开人类，但偶尔的攻击可能是致命的。每年有一两个人被土狼咬死。)”提到了加拿大森林里有一种土狼，有时会把人咬死。由此可推知，此处段首提及的内容与森林有关。A项“A walk in the woods can be dangerous.(在树林里散步可能很危险。)”提到了在森林里散步也可能很危险，恰好与下文提及的加拿大森林对应；而下文内容正是本句话的原因支撑。故选A项。
【19题详解】
上文“Animal experts haven’t determined why the elephants went on their journey.(动物专家还没有确定大象为什么继续它们的旅程。)”提到了动物专家也还没确定这些大象迁徙的原因是什么；下文“The wild animals we love are in a constant struggle for survival.(我们所爱的野生动物一直在为生存而奋斗。)”提到了这些野生动物一直在为生存而奋斗；由此可推知，设空处可能是在谈这些大象迁徙的潜在原因。G项“A reasonable possibility is that they probably needed more room and more food to survive.(一个合理的可能性是，它们可能需要更多的空间和更多的食物来生存。)”提到了其中一个合理的可能性，就是它们需要更多的生存空间和食物，恰好与下文的“in a constant struggle for survival”对应。故选G项。
【20题详解】
上文“Maybe we should try to stay away from them.(也许我们应该尽量远离它们。)”提议应尽量远离野生动物；下文“Their lives—red in tooth and claw—are difficult enough without us causing them any more problems than they already have.(它们的生活——残酷无情——已经够艰难的了，不用我们再给它们制造更多的麻烦。)”提到了“我们应该尽量远离野生动物”的原因。由此可推知设空处是在进一步解释为什么需要远离野生动物。B项“It is a way to protect the wild animals, and it’s also our responsibility.(这是保护野生动物的一种方式，也是我们的责任。)”恰好与上下文对应。故选B项。
第三部分语言知识运用(共两节,满分30分)
第一节 (共15小题;每小题1分，满分15分)
阅读下面短文，从文后各题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
A few years ago, I saw a baby goat at the end of the driveway, and I figured he was____21____ by his owner. The kid was____22____nervous but stood perfectly still as I approached.
I’m an animal lover and I’ve brought____23____animals home, cats, chickens, horses but never a goat. The tiny kid was too adorable to ____24____. I named him Quincy.
Quincy proved to be quite____25____. When he was about a week old, I tapped my fingers on the bathroom floor and said “Lie down.” I was____26____when he dropped down, and even more surprised when he did it three times in a row. After a quick ____27____, Quincy mastered how to lie down, bow, and turn in a circle ____28____ . Now he knows the name of everything I feed him.
I love to ____29____ animals and often take my dogs to shows where they can perform their tricks. When he was just six weeks old Quincy ____30____ the first show. He knew only a few tricks then, but he did them ____31____ and never misbehaved or got nervous in front of the ____32____ . Now Quincy and my dog perform regularly at schools, nursing homes, and charity events. Quincy can ____33____ “read” his tricks off cue (提示) cards, which always ____34____ the most applause.
It’s hard to believe that the goat kid which nobody wanted ____35____ one of the smartest and most good-natured animals I’ve ever had. He’s by far the sharpest of my bunch!
21. A. sold B. released C. rescued D. abandoned
22. A. obviously B. merely C. rarely D. eventually
23. A. small B. various C. strange D. lovely
24. A. adopt B. resist C. keep D. donate
25. A. intelligent B. sensitive C. faithful D. curious
26. A. concerned B. confused C. amazed D. satisfied
27. A. study B. thought C. check D. recovery
28. A. as a result B. by no means C. in that case D. in no time
29. A. feed B. train C. comfort D. raise
30. A. appreciated B. watched C. gave D. planned
31. A. determinedly B. clumsily C. unmistakably D. nervously
32. A. staff B. owner C. trainer D. crowd
33. A. even B. still C. just D. yet
34. A. requires B. earns C. expects D. gives
35. A. led to B. served as C. turned out D. took over
【答案】21. D 22. A 23. B 24. B 25. A 26. C 27. A 28. D 29. B 30. C 31. C 32. D 33. A 34. B 35. C
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了作者捡到了一只被抛弃的小山羊，取名Quincy，经过训练Quincy会进行表演，成了作者养过的最聪明、最善良的动物之一。
【21题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：几年前，我在车道尽头看到一只小山羊，我以为它被主人抛弃了。A. sold出售；B. released释放；C. rescued救援；D. abandoned抛弃。根据后文“by his owner”以及下文作者把山羊带回家，可知是被主人抛弃了。最后一段“the goat kid which nobody wanted”也是提示。故选D。
【22题详解】
考查副词词义辨析。句意：这个山羊小孩显然很紧张，但当我走近时，它一动不动地站着。A. obviously显然；B. merely仅仅；C. rarely很少；D. eventually最终。根据后文“nervous but stood perfectly still”可知，but表示转折，说明山羊很紧张，故选A。
【23题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我是一个动物爱好者，我带了各种各样的动物回家，猫、鸡、马，但从来没有山羊。A. small小的；B. various各种各样的；C. strange奇怪的；D. lovely可爱的。根据后文“cats, chickens, horses”指作者带了各种各样的动物回家，猫、鸡、马，故选B。
【24题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：这个小幼崽很可爱，让人无法抗拒。A. adopt采取；B. resist抵制；C. keep保持；D. donate捐赠。根据后文“The tiny kid was too adorable to”指山羊幼崽很可爱，让人无法抗拒。故选B。
【25题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：事实证明Quincy很聪明。A. intelligent聪明的；B. sensitive敏感的；C. faithful忠实的；D. curious好奇的。根据后文“even more surprised when he did it three times in a row”可知山羊可以听懂指令，很聪明。故选A。
【26题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：当他躺下来的时候我很惊讶，更让我惊讶的是他连续三次这样做。A. concerned担心的；B. confused困惑的；C. amazed惊讶的；D. satisfied满意的。呼应后文“even more surprised”指作者对山羊听懂指令感到惊讶。故选C。
【27题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：经过快速学习，Quincy很快就掌握了如何躺下、鞠躬和转圈。A. study学习；B. thought认为；C. check检查；D. recovery恢复。根据后文“Quincy mastered how to lie down, bow”指经过快速学习，Quincy很快就掌握了如何躺下、鞠躬和转圈。故选A。
【28题详解】
考查介词短语辨析。句意：经过快速学习，Quincy很快就掌握了如何躺下、鞠躬和转圈。A. as a result结果；B. by no means决不；C. in that case既然那样；D. in no time很快，立即。根据后文“Now he knows the name of everything I feed him.(现在我喂他的东西他都知道名字了)”可知，Quincy学习很快，很快就掌握了如何躺下、鞠躬和转圈。故选D。
【29题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：我喜欢训练动物，经常带我的狗去看表演，在那里它们可以表演它们的把戏。A. feed喂养；B. train训练；C. comfort安慰；D. raise筹集。根据后文“they can perform their tricks”可知，作者喜欢训练动物，故选B。
【30题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：当Quincy只有六周大的时候，他做了第一次表演。A. appreciated感激；B. watched观看；C. gave给予；D. planned计划。呼应上文“they can perform their tricks”指山羊进行第一次表演。故选C。
【31题详解】
考查副词词义辨析。句意：那时候他只会几招，但他表演得清清楚楚，在众人面前从不失态，也从不紧张。A. determinedly决然地；B. clumsily笨拙地；C. unmistakably明白地；D. nervously紧张地。根据后文“and never misbehaved or got nervous”可知，Quincy没有犯错，表演得清清楚楚。故选C。
【32题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：那时候他只会几招，但他表演得清清楚楚，在众人面前从不失态，也从不紧张。A. staff员工；B. owner物主；C. trainer教练；D. crowd人群。结合后文“Now Quincy and my dog perform regularly at schools, nursing homes, and charity events.(现在Quincy和我的狗经常在学校、养老院和慈善活动上表演)”可知，是指在人群面前表演，从不紧张失态。故选D。
【33题详解】
考查副词词义辨析。句意：Quincy甚至可以从提示卡上“读出”他的把戏，这总是赢得最多的掌声。A. even甚至；B. still仍然；C. just只是；D. yet但是。此处指程度的加深，Quincy不仅会做表演，甚至可以从提示卡上“读出”他的把戏，故选A。
【34题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：Quincy甚至可以从提示卡上“读出”他的把戏，这总是赢得最多的掌声。A. requires需要；B. earns赚得；C. expects期待；D. gives给予。根据后文“the most applause”指Quincy的表演赢得了掌声。故选B。
【35题详解】
考查动词短语辨析。句意：很难相信那只没人要的小山羊变成了我养过的最聪明、最善良的动物之一。A. led to导致；B. served as担任；C. turned out结果是；D. took over接管。根据后文“one of the smartest and most good-natured animals I’ve ever had”可知，Quincy从没人要的小山羊，结果变成了作者养过的最聪明、最善良的动物之一。故选C。
第二节语法填空(共10小题，每小题1.5分，满分15分)
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
Despite occupying a relatively small area, rainforests have an important role to play in maintaining the world and they are home to a rich ____36____ (various) of medicinal plants, birds and animals.
As the lungs of the planet, rainforests have their own perfect system, ____37____ ensures their own survival. The tall trees make a canopy (顶篷) of branches and leaves that protect themselves, smaller plants and the forest animals from heavy rain, intense dry heat ____38____ (release) from the sun and strong winds. ____39____ (amazing), the trees grow in such a way that their leaves and branches, although close together, never actually touch ____40____ of another tree. Scientists think this is a deliberate way ____41____(prevent) the spread of any tree discases. The ground floor of the forest is not all twisted leaves and bushes, ____42____ a fairly clear land. It is where leaves transform ____43____ food for the trees and other forest life.
Worryingly, rainforests around the world are disappearing at ____44____ alarming rate. A few thousand years ago, rainforests _____45_____ (cover) as much as 12 per cent of the land surface on Earth, but today this has fallen to less than 7 per cent.
【答案】36. variety
37. which 38. released
39. Amazingly
40. those 41. to prevent
42. but 43. into
44. an 45. covered
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。主要介绍的是雨林在维护全球环境方面的作用以及目前的处境。
【36题详解】
考查名词。句意：尽管占地面积相对较小，但雨林在维护世界环境方面发挥着重要作用，它们是各种药用植物、鸟类和动物的家园。分析句子可知。形容词后应为名词，various的名词是variety，且空前有不定冠词a，所以使用名词单数，a variety of意为“各种各样的”符合句意。故填variety。
【37题详解】
考查定语从句。句意：作为地球的肺，雨林有自己完善的系统，确保了它们的生存。分析句子可知，此处应为连词引导的非限制性定语从句，从句中缺少主语，所以使用关系代词，先行词为their own perfect system指的是物。故填which。
【38题详解】
考查非谓语动词。句意：高大的树木由树枝和树叶组成的树冠可以保护它们自己、较小的植物和森林动物免受大雨、太阳释放的强烈干热和强风的伤害。分析句子可知，此处应为非谓语动词作定语，release与所修饰词heat之间为被动关系，所以使用过去分词形式。故填released。
【39题详解】
考查副词。句意：令人惊讶的是，这些树的叶子和树枝虽然靠得很近，但却从来没有碰到过另一棵树的叶子和树枝。分析句子可知，此处应为副词作状语修饰句子，amazing的副词为amazingly，且位于句首，首字母需大写。故填Amazingly。
【40题详解】
考查代词。句意：令人惊讶的是，这些树的叶子和树枝虽然靠得很近，但却从来没有碰到过另一棵树的叶子和树枝。分析句子可知，此处应为代词作宾语，结合句意，此处指代的是名词复数leaves and branches，且特指“其它树木叶子和树枝”，所以使用指示代词those。故填those。
【41题详解】
考查非谓语动词。句意：科学家们认为这是一种有意，以防止任何树木疾病传播的方式。分析句子可知，此处应为非谓语动词作定语修饰名词way，通常情况下，不定式修饰way，结合句意，此处表示主动意义。故填to prevent。
【42题详解】
考查连词。句意：森林的底层并非全是扭曲的树叶和灌木，而是一片相当清澈的土地。分析句子可知，此处应为连词连接两个句子，结合句意可知，空前与空后的句意之间为转折关系，所以此处应使用并列连词but。故填but。
【43题详解】
考查介词。句意：在这里，树叶转化为树木和其他森林生物的食物。分析句子可知，此处应为固定短语transform into意为“转换为”符合句意。故填into。
【44题详解】
考查冠词。句意：令人担忧的是，世界各地的热带雨林正在以惊人的速度消失。分析句子可知，此处应为固定用法，at a …rate意为“以……的速度”符合句意，且空前alarming第一个音节为元音。故填an。
【45题详解】
考查谓语动词。句意：几千年前，热带雨林覆盖了地球陆地面积的12%，但今天这一比例已降至不到7%。分析句子可知，此处应为谓语动词，根据时间状语“A few thousand years ago”可知，此处应使用一般过去时态，且与句子主语之间为主动关系。故填covered。
第四部分 写作(共两节，满分40分)
第一节 应用文(满分15分)
46. 假如你是李华，你校学生会要评选年度风云人物，现在请你根据以下要点向你校学生会主席(Mark)写一封推荐信。
1. 被推荐人姓名：你班学生李明。
2. 推荐理由：a. 学习刻苦成绩优良；b. 尊敬老师，乐于助人；c. 上周在上学途中他将一位突发重病的老人送往医院。
3. 参考词汇：年度风云人物the person of the year。
注意：
1. 字数：80词左右;
2. 可适当增加细节以使行文连贯;
3. 请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
Dear Mark,
_______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Yours sincerely,
Li Hua
【答案】Dear Mark,
Learning the Students’ Union will choose the person of the year, I can’t wait to recommend Li Ming, a student in our class, to you. The reasons are as follows.
To begin with, he studies hard and always gets good results, ranking first in our class. Besides, he shows respect for teachers and it is so easy to get along with him that all the students find it pleasant to work with him. Most importantly, he is always ready to help those in need. Last week, he sent an old man who fell on the road with a sudden illness to hospital on his way to school.
In short, Li Ming deserves the title and I do hope he will be named “the Person of the Year”.
Yours sincerely,
Li Hua
【解析】
【导语】本篇书面表达属于应用文。要求考生向校学生会主席Mark写一封推荐信，推荐你班同学李明参加学校学生会举办的年度风云人物的评选，并说明推荐的理由。
【详解】1. 词汇积累
选择：choose→select
推荐：recommend→suggest
此外：besides→what's more
突然的：sudden→abrupt
总之、简言之：in short→in brief
2. 句式拓展
同义句转换
原句：Learning the Students’ Union will choose the person of the year, I can’t wait to recommend Li Ming, a student in our class, to you.
拓展句：When I learn the Students’ Union will choose the person of the year, I can’t wait to recommend Li Ming, a student in our class, to you.
【点睛】【高分句型1】Besides, he shows respect for teachers and it is so easy to get along with him that all the students find it pleasant to work with him.（运用了以连词and引导的并列句和so...that...引导的结果状语从句以及it为形式主语和形式宾语，动词不定式为真正的主语和宾语的句式。）
【高分句型2】 Last week, he sent an old man who fell on the road with a sudden illness to hospital on his way to school.（运用了以关系代词who引导的定语从句。）
第二节 读后续写(共1小题，满分25分)
47. 阅读下面短文，根据所给情节进行续写，使之构成一个完整的故事。
That day, I was going to skate a clean freestyle program for the first time in a year. I determined to land the axel (前外一周半跳) in competition.
“I can make it!” I thought as I skated to the center ice. When my music sounded, I started my program with a circular step and a bright smile, followed by a beautiful combination spin. Flying camel, sit spin, layback spin. Perfection. The jump! The axel!
I could do it when I practiced off-ice, but I’d only landed it on-ice approximately fourteen times in my entire life. So I was a little nervous. I’d leave it out if I could, but my Olympic dreams depended on it. My coach, Geena, put it early in my program so I could do it while my legs were not tired. Taking a deep breath, “I can succeed!” I thought.
I was on the right back outside edge of my skate blade (冰刀), ready to turn forward and launch into the axel. My nerves were back, working against me. “I can do this!” I thought. I stepped into takeoff and I did… a waltz jump (半周跳). It is a jump I’d been doing since I was pretty young. It is only one-half a rotation (旋转) instead of the one and one-half that I need for the axel.
I glimpsed Coach Geena’s questioning eyebrow as I glided past the door and imagined the disappointed looks on my parents’ faces. “It’s not over,” I reasoned to myself, glancing into the bleachers (露天座位). “I’d just replace the next jump with the axel.”
However, it didn’t work out the way I’d hoped. I fell, and I kept falling. Never one to give up, I replaced every jump in my program with the axel, but I didn’t land one. I spent so much time on the ice that it’s like I was making sure the ice was clean for the next skater. The two minutes, fifteen seconds of my program felt like an age. By the time I was done, my dress was soaked through and I was seven seconds behind my music, so I finished skating to silence.
注意：1. 续写词数应为150左右；
2. 请按如下格式在相应位置作答。
As I skated toward the exit, I felt everyone was looking at me with pity.
_______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
The performance going on, I rose up from the bleachers, determined to go home but my parents held me up.
_______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
【答案】One possible version:
As I skated toward the exit, I felt everyone was looking at me with pity. How I wished the floor would open up and swallow me! Offstage, Coach Geena handed me a towel and I thanked her with a heavy heart. Then I climbed upstairs and seated myself between my parents. Dad placed a comforting hand on my shoulder and Mom gave me a tight squeeze. “Darling, it’s OK.” I nodded, my eyes watering. As I turned my gaze to the ice center, I happened to catch sight of a perfect axel the next skater landed. There came clapping and cheering. My heart grew heavier.
The performance going on, I rose up from the bleachers, determined to go home but my parents held me up. “It’s poor sportsmanship to leave before the results are posted.” Hesitating for a moment, I sat back. Time dragging, I was absent-minded. However, when I saw a skater fall down and then gracefully stand up, I watched the performance with full attention. When the competition ended, I gave my parents a big hug and determined to pursue my Olympic dream no matter how many difficulties I would face.
Another possible version:
As I skated toward the exit I felt everyone was looking at me with pity. When the next skater glided past me to take her place center ice, I couldn’t help thinking I was a terrible skater. After making an eye contact with Coach Geena, I made my way to my parents and sat between them. My weak smile resulted in their hugs of encouragement. Not having the mood to watch the performance, I sank in thought soon. “What am I doing here My skating career will end.” The more I thought about it, the sadder I felt. “Maybe I should give up.”
The performance going on, I rose up from the bleachers, determined to go home but my parents held me up. I looked down to see concern and worry in their eyes. Words failed me. Unwilling to make them worry, I sank back into the seat and continued watching the performance. Suddenly, the skater on the ice fell. As she struggled to her feet and went on with her performance, I saw an excellent performer. She failed outside, but not inside. I suddenly realized giving up would leave me in total failure. Ashamed of my stupid decision, I decided to fight against discouragements to realise my skating dream.
【解析】
【导语】本文以人物为线索展开，讲述了作者准备一年来第一次滑干净的自由泳项目，结果在冰上滑倒了，进行得并不顺利。作者非常伤心，但作者下定决心，无论遇到多少困难，都要追求自己的奥运梦想。
【详解】1.段落续写：
①由第一段首句内容“当我滑向出口时，我觉得每个人都在用怜悯的目光看着我”可知，第一段可描写作者下台后的心理感受。
②由第二段首句内容“比赛还在继续，我从看台上站起来，决心回家，但我父母把我拉了起来”可知，第二段可描写作者比赛后的感悟。
2.续写线索：下台——心情沉重——父母安慰——继续观看比赛——下定决心
3.词汇激活
行为类
看见：catch sight of /spot
放置：place/put
追求：pursue /go after
情绪类
感谢：gracefully/thankfully/with gratitude
心不在焉：absent-minded / abstracted
【点睛】[高分句型1] How I wished the floor would open up and swallow me! (运用了感叹句)
[高分句型2] When the competition ended, I gave my parents a big hug and determined to pursue my Olympic dream no matter how many difficulties I would face. (运用了when引导时间状语从句和no matter+特殊疑问词引导的让步状语从句)