高中试卷答案网2023届全国高考全真模拟
英语
本试卷分选择题和非选择题，共150分，考试时间120分钟。
注意事项：
1.答题前，务必将自已的姓名、班级和考籍号填写在答题卡规定的位置上。
2.答选择题时，必须使用2B铅笔将答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑，如需改动，用橡皮擦擦干净后，再选涂其他答案标号。
3.答非选择题时，必须使用0.5毫米黑色签字笔，将答案书写在答题卡规定的位置上。
4.所有题目必须在答题卡上作答，在试题卷上答题无效。
5.考试结束后，请将试卷和答题卡一并交回。
第一部分 听力(共两节，满分30分)
做题时，先将答案标在试卷上。录音内容结束后，你将有两分钟的时间将试卷上的答案转涂到答题卡上。
第一节(共5小题;每小题1.5分，满分7.5分)
听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。
1. Where does the conversation probably take place
A. At a barber’s. B. At a butcher’s. C. At a clinic.
2. Who is Betty
A. The man’s secretary. B. The woman’s cousin. C. Donna Bush’s lawyer.
3. What does the man think of the band
A. Too noisy. B. Impressive. C. Disappointing.
4. What will the woman probably do
A. Buy a red coat. B. Buy a green coat. C. Buy none of the coats.
5. Who is the woman talking to
A. A bus driver. B. A taxi driver. C. A bicycle rider.
第二节(共15小题，每小题1.5分，满分22.5分)
听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟;听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。
听第6段材料，回答第6、7题。
6. How long has the man been running the restaurant
A. For over a decade. B. For about eight years. C. For more than 20 years.
7. What may the woman suggest the man do
A. Redecorate the restaurant. B. Serve more varieties of food.
C. Take proper measures to fight the pandemic.
听第7段材料，回答第8、9题。
8. What has happened to the man
A. His leg seems to be broken.
B. He was knocked down by a car.
C. He has just had a minor operation.
9. What was the man’s mistake
A. He didn’t buy any insurance.
B. He forgot to wear his helmet.
C. He skateboarded in the wrong place.
听第8段材料，回答第10至12题。
10. What does the woman want to do with her Fetrari
A. Have it repaired in Italy.
B. Sell it at a reasonable pride.
C. Repaint it and change the engine.
11. What will prabably cost the most according to the man
A. The imported engine.
B. The repainting of the car.
C. The labor to repair the car.
12. How long will it take to fully restore the vehicle
A. About two weeks. B. About three weeks. C. About four weeks.
听第9段材料，回答第13至16题。
13. How did the woman learn to draw so well
A. By practicing again and again.
B. By watching cartoons regularly.
C. By learning lessons from TV programs.
14. How did the woman make her breakthrough
A. She sent her drawings to a publisher.
B. She won prizes in big drawing competitions.
C. Someone discovered her talents by accident.
15. Why do the woman and Mark show the drawings to their kids
A. To show them the beauty of arts.
B. To develop their interest in drawing.
C. To make sure children like those works.
16. What will the woman do in the future
A. Continue to draw pictures.
B. Write stories about tourists.
C. Write a book about drawing techniqies.
听第10段材料，回答第17至20题。
17. What could the speaker never get in grade school
A. B’s. B. C+minuses. C. D’s.
18. What did the speakser write down for the word “carper”
A. c-a-r-p-e-r. B. c-r-a-p-e-r. C. c-a-r-p-e-t.
19. What can we learn about people with dyslexia
A. They are physically disabled.
B. They have problems with spelling.
C. They can achieve success more easily.
20. Why does the speaker often tell children such stories
A. To encourage them to find their special talent.
B. To beg them to make contributions to the world.
C. To persuade them to study harder at their lessons.
第二部分 阅读理解(共两节，满分40分)
第一节(共15小题;每小题2分，满分30分)
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。
A
If you are a regular theatergoer, you may be interested in the following shows.
Musicals/Six
SIX, the most uplifting piece of new British musical theatre, is holding court at London’s Vaudeville Theatre. The New York Times considers that SIX is pure entertainment! This sell-out fascinating Tudor take-off has an incredibly strong and powerful message: Boundary-pushing and genre-redefining.
Booking period: 29 Sep 2021-2 Apr. 2023
Plays/A Christmas Carol (The Old Vic)
Matthew Warchus’ big-hearted production of Charles Dickens’ immortal classic returns to The Old Vie, adapted for the stage by Jack Thorne. Starring Tony Award-winning actor Owen Teale (Game of Thrones, Line of Duty) as Ebenezer Scrooge, The Old Vic’s A CHRISTMAS CAROL fills the auditorium with music and merriment. A unique staging entertains the audience in this uplifting story.
Booking period: Sat 12 Nov. 2022-Sat 7 Jan, 2023
Musicals/My Fair Lady
The multi-award-winning production of MY FAIR LADY is now playing at the London Coliseum, the first major West End revival of Lerner&Loewe’s much-loved musical for 21 years.
MY FAIR LADY tells the story of Eliza Doolittle, a young Cockney flower seller, and Henry. Higgins, a linguistics professor who is determined tor transform her into his idea of a “proper lady”. But who is really being transformed
Booking period: Now-27, Aug. 2022
Dance & Opera/The Yeomen of the Guard
As part of the English National Opera’s 2022/23 season, The Yeomen of the Guard is coming to the London Coliseum for a limited time only. The unfairly imprisoned Colonel Fairfax has a mutual attraction to the young daughter of the righteous Sergeant Meryll. Phoebe wishes Fairfax to be released so they can have the wedding she desires, and seeks the help of Jack Point.
Booking period: 3 Nov.-2 Dec 2022
1. Which show’s booking period ends last
A. SIX. B. A Christmas Carol.
C. My Fair Lady. D. The Yeomen of the Guard.
2. What do SIX and My Fair Lady have in common
A. They are musicals. B. They are lifting stories.
C. Their tickets are sold at half price. D. They are multi-award-winning productions.
3. Where does the passage probably come from
A. A magazine. B. A newspaper.
C. A website. D. A theater review.
【答案】1. A 2. A 3. C
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇说明文，文章介绍了近期上演的几个节目表演，包括内容简介，订票时间和价格。
【1题详解】
细节理解题。根据Musicals/Six部分中“Booking period: 29 Sep. 2021-2 Apr. 2023(订票日期：2021年9月29日-2023年4月2日)”和Plays/A Christmas Carol (The Old Vic)部分中“Booking period: Sat 12 Nov. 2022-Sat 7 Jan, 2023(订票日期：2022年11月12日星期六至2023年1月7日星期六)”和Musicals/My Fair Lady部分中“Booking period: Now-27, Aug. 2022(订票日期：现在-2022年8月27日)”以及Dance & Opera/The Yeomen of the Guard部分中“Booking period: 3 Nov.-2 Dec, 2022(订票日期：2022年11月3日至12月2日)”可知，Six的订票日期结束得最晚。故选A项。
【2题详解】
细节理解题。根据第一个小标题“Musicals/Six(音乐剧/Six)”以及第三个小标题“Musicals/My Fair Lady(音乐剧/窈窕淑女)”可知，SIX和My Fair Lady都是音乐剧。故选A项。
【3题详解】
推理判断题。根据四个图片中价格旁边的箭头可知，箭头应该是每个表演的链接，由此推知，文章来自一个网站。故选C项。
B
An observant customer at a restaurant in southwest China spotted a set of footprints in the stone floor of the courtyard where they were dining. After the relevant authorities were called in to observe and identify, the paleontologists (古生物学家) on the scene discovered a new set of footprints, which they say belong to two dinosanrs that walked the planet some 100 million years ago.
Paleontologist Dr. Lida Xing was one of the experts. He said that his team used a 3D scanner to confirm that the footprints were left by sauropods, which were plant-eaters with small heads and long necks and tails.
“I would say that right now, China, in particular with regards to dinosaur footprints, is undergoing a fossil renaissance (复兴). A lot of new and exciting spots are being discovered,” said Scott Persons, a paleontologist at the College of Charleston. He has worked with the Chinese scientists who made this discovery, though he was not involved in this particular find.
Riley Black, a paleontologist and science writer, said this type of encounter could be a reminder that the remains of fossils are still all around us. “Sometimes when I go on walks around Salt Lake City, a lot of the sidewalks there are made from early Jurassic sandstone. I haven’t seen a dinosaur there yet, but you’ll see little tracks made by photo-mammals and scorpions (蝎子) and spiders.”
While fossil footprints might not seem quite as dramatic as finding bones, they allow paleontologists to take a unique glimpse into how dinosaurs lived. Tracks are fossilized behavior, It is the motion of a living animal. Usually, tracks are some of the only evidence that we can have of dinosaurs’ social behavior.
Sauropods had to eat constantly to maintain their size, so their behavior in this case may have involved eating their way through the green world.
4. Who first discovered the footprints left by sauropods
A. An observant customer at a restaurant.
B. Several paleontologists called to the scene.
C. A paleontologist at the College of Charleston.
D. A paleontologist and science writer named Riley-Black.
5. Why did Scott Persons say China is experiencing a fossil renaissance
A. Because China used a 3D scanner to confirm the footprints.
B. Because China plays a major role in the research of dinosaurs.
C. Because he wanted to get involved in the particular find in China.
D. Because many new dinosaur footprints are being discovered in China.
6. In what aspect are fossil dinosaurs’ footprints important
A. They show where the dinosaurs inhabited.
B. They can reflect dinosaurs’ social behavior.
C. They enable experts to find their bones more easily.
D. They arouse more interest in the study of dinosaurs.
7. Which of following serves as the best title for the passage
A. Want to discover dinosaurs’ footprints: come to China
B. A diner discovered dinosaur footprints in a restaurant
C. Which is more dramatic: fossil bones or fossil footprints
D. Paleontologists identified a new set of sauropods’ footprints
【答案】4. A 5. D 6. B 7. B
【解析】
【导语】本交是一篇新闻报道。在中国西南的一家餐馆里，一位细心的顾客在他们用餐的院子的石头地板上发现了一组脚印，古生物学家观察和鉴定后，确定是大约一亿年前恐龙留下的脚印。
【4题详解】
细节理解题。根据第一段“An observant customer at a restaurant in southwest China spotted a set of footprints in the stone floor of the courtyard where they were dining.(在中国西南部的一家餐馆，一位细心的顾客在他们用餐的院子的石头地板上发现了一组脚印)”可知，是餐馆里善于观察的顾客最先发现了蜥脚类动物留下的脚印。故选A项。
【5题详解】
细节理解题。根据第三段““I would say that right now, China, in particular with regards to dinosaur footprints, is undergoing a fossil renaissance (复兴). A lot of new and exciting spots are being discovered,” said Scott Persons, a paleontologist at the College of Charleston. He has worked with the Chinese scientists who made this discovery, though he was not involved in this particular find.(查尔斯顿学院的古生物学家Scott Persons说：“我想说，现在，中国，尤其是恐龙足迹方面，正在经历化石复兴。许多新的、令人兴奋的地方正在被发现。”他曾与做出这一发现的中国科学家合作，尽管他并没有参与这一特殊发现)”可知，在恐龙足迹发现方面，中国正在经历化石复兴，因为许多令人兴奋的新地点正在被发现。故选D项。
【6题详解】
细节理解题。根据倒数第二段“While fossil footprints might not seem quite as dramatic as finding bones, they allow paleontologists to take a unique glimpse into how dinosaurs lived. Tracks are fossilized behavior, It is the motion of a living animal. Usually, tracks are some of the only evidence that we can have of dinosaurs’ social behavior.(虽然化石足迹可能不像发现骨头那样引人注目，但它们让古生物学家能够对恐龙的生活方式有一个独特的了解。足迹是石化的行为，是活体动物的运动。通常，足迹是我们所能掌握的恐龙社会行为的唯一证据)”可知，虽然化石足迹可能并不像发现骨骼那样引人注目，但它们可以帮助古生物学家了解恐龙的行动轨迹，从而了解恐龙的社会行为。故选B项。
【7题详解】
主旨大意题。根据第一段“An observant customer at a restaurant in southwest China spotted a set of footprints in the stone floor of the courtyard where they were dining. After the relevant authorities were called in to observe and identify, the paleontologists (古生物学家) on the scene discovered a new set of footprints, which they say belong to two dinosanrs that walked the planet some 100 million years ago.(在中国西南部的一家餐馆，一位细心的顾客在他们用餐的院子的石头地板上发现了一组脚印。在有关部门被请来观察和鉴定后，现场的古生物学家发现了一组新的脚印，他们说这是属于大约1亿年前在地球上行走的两只恐龙的)”可知，本文主要讲述了在中国西南的一家餐馆里，一位细心的顾客在他们用餐的院子的石头地板上发现了一组脚印，所以B项“A diner discovered dinosaur footprints in a restaurant(一位用餐者在餐馆里发现了恐龙脚印)”是本文最好的标题。故选B项。
C
When we get dressed or play ball, our brain is constantly planning ahead so that we can move our body without bumping, tripping, or falling over. We humans acquire our body-model as infants, and now robots are following suit.
A Columbia engineering team announced they had created a robot that , for the first time, was able to learn a model of its entire body from nothing, without any human assistance.
The researchers placed a robotic arm inside a circle of five streaming video cameras. The robot watched itself through the cameras as it moved freely. Like an infant exploring itself for the first time in a hall of mirrors, the robot wiggled (扭动) to learn how exactly its body moved in response to various motor (运动神经) commands. After about three hours, the robot stopped. Its deep neural network bad finished learning the relationship between its motor actions and the volume it occupied in its environment.
The ability of robots to model themselves without being assisted by engineers is important for many reasons. Not only does it save labor but it also allows the robot to keep up with its own wear-and-tear, and even detect and compensate for damage. A factory robot, for instance, could detect that something isn’t moving right, and compensate or call for assistance.
The research work is part of the scientists’ decades-long quest to find ways to grant robots some form of self-awareness. Self-modeling is a primitive form of self-awareness. If a robot, animal, or human has an accurate self-model, it can function better in the world, it can make better decisions, and it has an evolutionary advantage.
The researchers are aware of the limits, risks, and controversies surrounding granting machines greater autonomy through self-awareness. They say the kind of self-awareness demonstrated in this study is insignificant compared to that of humans, but they have to start somewhere, Surely, scientists have to go slowly and carefully, so we can reap the benefits while minimizing the risks.
8. How did the robot learn about its body model
A. It followed the examples of infants.
B. Engineers corrected its movement from time to time.
C. It adjusted its movement according to its motor orders.
D. It moved in circles and learned about the objects in the environment.
9. What is the advantage of using robots with accurate self-model in a factory
A. They can fulfill jobs that humans cannot do.
B. They can repair any damage / caused by human errors.
C. They can replace most workers and improve productivity,
D. They can detect wrong movement and make self-adjustment.
10 The underlined word “quest” in Paragraph 5 can be replaced by __________.
A. discovery B. experiment C. exploration D. interest
11. What does the last paragraph imply
A. There are potential risks to grant machines self-awareness.
B. Robots’ intelligence is nothing compared with that of humans.
C. Scientists are confident about the future of machine self-awareness.
D. Benefits of machine self-awareness are insignificant because of the risks.
【答案】8. C 9. D 10. C 11. A
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇研究报道。哥伦比亚大学的工程团队打造了一个机器人，在没有任何人的帮助下，它从零开始，学习并掌握了自己的身体模型。
【8题详解】
细节理解题。根据第三段中“The robot watched itself through the cameras as it moved freely. Like an infant exploring itself for the first time in a hall of mirrors, the robot wiggled (扭动) to learn how exactly its body moved in response to various motor (运动神经) commands.(机器人通过摄像头看着自己自由移动。就像婴儿第一次在镜子大厅里探索自己一样，机器人通过摆动来学习自己的身体如何准确地响应各种马达指令)”可知，机器人根据它的运动指令调整它的运动。故选C。
【9题详解】
推理判断题。根据第四段最后一句“A factory robot, for instance, could detect that something isn’t moving right, and compensate or call for assistance.(例如，一个工厂机器人可以检测到有东西移动不正常，并进行补偿或寻求帮助)”可推知，在工厂中使用具有精确自我模型的机器人的优点是它们可以检测到错误的运动并进行自我调整。故选D。
【10题详解】
词句猜测题。根据划线词前面的内容“The research work is part of the scientists’ decades-long(这项研究工作是科学家们长达数十年的研究的一部分)”以及划线词后面的内容“to find ways to grant robots some form of self-awareness.( 想办法赋予机器人某种形式的自我意识)”可知，研究者们经过了数十年的研究和探寻，如何赋予机器人某种形式的自我意识，而这项研究只是数十年研究的一部分。由此可知，划线词与C选项“exploration(探索)”为同义词。故选C。
【11题详解】
推理判断题。根据最后一段中“The researchers are aware of the limits, risks, and controversies surrounding granting machines greater autonomy through self-awareness. (研究人员意识到通过自我意识赋予机器更大自主权的限制、风险和争议)”可推知，人们担心赋予机器自我意识会带来危险。故选A。
D
I first visited Greece when I was 5, and have spent every summer there since. As the granddaughter of four immigrants and inheritor of their purely Greek bloodline, annual trips to our homeland became a routine. But whether with relatives or at a beachside cafe, I was forced to speak Greek, not a word of English was acceptable. That was Greece over a decade ago.
Today, while walking down Syntagma Square in Athens, you’ll find a Starbucks on your right and a McDonald’s on your left, You’ll pass an H&M and American Eagle. At local bars where I try to practice my conversational Greek, waiters often respond in English. Every summer when I go back, I hear less and less of my native tongue.
The tourists are everywhere, They crowd the narrow paths by day and stream into the clubs by night, The hotels of Athens are filled to capacity on any given day, and the Parthenon is filled with visitors following placards (标语牌) held by tour guides.
Don’t get me wrong. I want tourists to witness the spectacular landscape and experience the rich history, culture and beauty of Greece, But I don’t want them to overrun the place. The increase of tourism in Greece, while benefiting the economy, challenges the preservation of Greek traditions and culture. In addition, it poses a serious threat to the natural environment.
As a tourist in a foreign country, it is your responsibility to respect the land you are stepping upon. Don’t expect the locals to speak English. Instead, buy a pocket e-dictionary. Read about Pericles and his vision of democracy before you visit the Parthenon.
Respect the country the traditions, and the people of the counties you visit. If you get to know the locals, you will soon discover the true meaning of Greek hospitality that will make you long for your next visit to the Greek isles.
Who knows, maybe I’ll be around on your next visit. Let me know and I’d be glad to show you around my second home.
12. What does the writer intend to tell us in the first two paragraphs
A. Few people can speak the Greek language now.
B. Greece has been seriously affected by foreign culture.
C. English is gaining popularity in the Greek tourist industry,
D. Greece has truly become part of the international community.
13. We can learn from Paragraph 3 and 4 that _________.
A. Greece is overcrowded with tourists
B. the natural environment has been damaged
C. tourism does not bring any benefit to Greece
D. the Parthenon is the symbol of Greek culture
14. Which of the following would the writer suggest
A. Learning Greek well before going to Greece.
B. Buying g cup of local coffee instead of Starbucks.
C. Preparing a pooket English e-dictionary in advance
D. Finding the true meaning of Greek hospitality in bars.
15. What does the passage mainly tell us
A. Tourism is an excellent way to increase knowledge.
B. Greece is an ancient country worth visiting twice.
C. Why the writer regards Greece as a second home.
D. Tourists should respect Greece while visiting it.
【答案】12. B 13. A 14. B 15. D
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇议论文。由于旅游业的过度发展，希腊的语言、历史文化和自然环境都受到严重影响，作者呼吁游客要尊重希腊这个国家，它的传统和人民。
【12题详解】
推理判断题。通读前两段，根据第二段“Today, while walking down Syntagma Square in Athens, you’ll find a Starbucks on your right and a McDonald’s on your left, You’ll pass an H&M and American Eagle. At local bars where I try to practice my conversational Greek, waiters often respond in English. Every summer when I go back, I hear less and less of my native tongue.(今天，当你走在雅典的宪法广场上时，你会发现星巴克在你的右边，麦当劳在你的左边，你会经过H&M和美国之鹰。在当地的酒吧里，我试着练习用希腊语交流，服务员经常用英语回答我。每年夏天当我回去的时候，我听到的母语越来越少了。)”可知，前两段告诉我们希腊受到外来文化的严重影响。故选B项。
【13题详解】
细节理解题。通读三、四段，根据第三段中“The tourists are everywhere, They crowd the narrow paths by day and stream into the clubs by night, The hotels of Athens are filled to capacity on any given day, and the Parthenon is filled with visitors following placards (标语牌) held by tour guides.(游客无处不在，他们白天挤在狭窄的小路上，晚上涌入俱乐部。雅典的旅馆每天都客满，帕台农神庙挤满了跟着导游牌子的游客。)”可知，通过这两段我们得知希腊挤满了游客。故选A项。
【14题详解】
推理判断题。根据第五段中“As a tourist in a foreign country, it is your responsibility to respect the land you are stepping upon.(作为一个在国外旅游的人，尊重你所踏上的土地是你的责任。)”并结合第二段中“Today, while walking down Syntagma Square in Athens, you’ll find a Starbucks on your right and a McDonald’s on your left, You’ll pass an H&M and American Eagle.(今天，当你走在雅典的宪法广场上时，你会发现星巴克在你的右边，麦当劳在你的左边，你会经过H&M和美国之鹰。)”可以推知，作者建议游客购买当地的咖啡，而不是购买星巴克。故选B项。
【15题详解】
主旨大意题。通读全文，尤其根据第五段中“As a tourist in a foreign country, it is your responsibility to respect the land you are stepping upon.(作为一个在国外旅游的人，尊重你所踏上的土地是你的责任。)”可知，文章主要告诉我们游客在游览希腊时应该尊重希腊。故选D项。
第二节(共5小题;每小题2分，满分10分)
根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。选项中有两项为多余选项。
While sweat serves as the built-in air conditioner, sweating it out can have many: other surprising health benefits. ___16___
It Eases Pain
Did you wake up with back pain ___17___ Then the best way to relieve your pain is to work up a sweat. It might be very tempting to skip this step since pain will make you want to sit still. But actually increasing your heart rate and working up a sweat is one of the best things you can do for your pain while sitting around will just make you even more stiff and sore.
It Gets Rid of Toxins(毒素)
Our bodies are subject to a lot of toxins throughout our everyday lives. ___18___Sweating is a great way to expel (排出) those toxins from the body, which serves to better your immune system. It can also help get rid of substances like alcohol and salt.
___19___
Along with the sense of accomplishment from working out, working up a sweat releases endorphins (内啡肽), which make you happy. Sweating helps relieve stress and promote relaxation. Next time you’re feeling stressed out or need a break to clear your mind, think about hitting up a hot yoga class or taking a few minutes for yourself in the sauna (桑拿) to ease your mind,
It Helps You Avoid Kidney Stones
One of the lesser-known benefits of sweating is that it lowers the risk of getting kidney (肾) stones. Research has shown that sweating helps you get rid of salt and keep calcium in your bones. ___20___ The more frequently you find yourself sweating, the better.
A. It Makes You Happier
B. Are you sore from yesterday’s workout
C. Pain is usually caused by toxins produced in the body.
D. Here are some top benefits of sweating in summer.
E Sweating also helps prevent pollutants from entering the body.
F. This helps keep those elements from your kidneys where small stones will form.
G. They come from the pollution in the air, our food, and are created naturally in the body.
【答案】16. D 17. B 18. G 19. A 20. F
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章介绍了夏天出汗的主要好处。
【16题详解】
上文“While sweat serves as the built-in air conditioner, sweating it out can have many: other surprising health benefits. (汗液就像内置的空调一样，把汗液排出来还有很多其他意想不到的健康益处。)”说明排汗有健康益处，选项D“这里有一些夏季出汗的主要益处。”承接上文，点明文章主题，引出下列各段，说明夏季出汗的主要益处。故选D项。
【17题详解】
上文“Did you wake up with back pain (你醒来时腰疼吗 )”提出疼痛问题，选项B“你昨天锻炼后感到疼痛吗 ”和上文并列，提出另一个疼痛问题，引出下文“Then the best way to relieve your pain is to work up a sweat. (那么缓解疼痛的最好方法就是出一身汗。)”给出缓解疼痛的最好办法。故选B项。
【18题详解】
上文“Our bodies are subject to a lot of toxins throughout our everyday lives. (在我们的日常生活中，我们的身体会受到很多毒素的影响。)”说明身体受毒素影响，选项G“它们来自空气中的污染，我们的食物，并在体内自然产生。”承接上文，说明毒素是怎样产生的。选项中They指上文中toxins。故选G项。
【19题详解】
下文“Along with the sense of accomplishment from working out, working up a sweat releases endorphins (内啡肽) , which make you happy. (伴随着锻炼带来的成就感，出汗会释放内啡肽，让你感到快乐。)”说明出汗能带来快乐，选项A“它让你更快乐”总结概括本段大意，适合做小标题。故选A项。
【20题详解】
上文“One of the lesser-known benefits of sweating is that it lowers the risk of getting kidney (肾) stones. Research has shown that sweating helps you get rid of salt and keep calcium in your bones. (出汗的一个鲜为人知的好处是它可以降低患肾结石的风险。研究表明，出汗可以帮助你排出盐分，保持骨骼中的钙。)”说明出汗能预防肾结石，出汗可以帮助排盐保钙，选项F“这有助于防止肾脏中的这些元素形成小结石。”承接上文，和上文存在因果关系。选项中kidney和上文词汇重叠，故选F项。
第三部分 英语知识运用(共两节，满分45分)
第一节 完形填空(共20小题;每小题1.5分，满分30分)
阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的四个选项(A、B、C和D)中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。
Once there was a boy named Alfred, who was extremely bright, but also had a very bad temper. One day at school, when having a craft class, his partner ____21____ crushed a small part of their handiwork. He immediately got angry, criticizing her. After hearing those ____22____ words, she started to cry ____23____. Before long, the girl began shutting herself away. and never talked with Alfred.
Alfred’s parents became concerned about his ____24____ flaw (缺陷) , and thought about what they should do. Finally, the father had an idea. And he struck a ____25____ with his son. He gave him a bag of nails and a big hammer. “Whenever you lose your temper,” he told Alfred, “ I want you to really ____26____ your anger by driving a nail into the oak ____27____ of that old fence.”
Those ____28____ oak boards were almost as tough as iron, and the hammer was heavy. ____29____, by the end of the first week, Alfred had driven 37 nails into the fence. So _____30_____ was hitting the nail that Alfred _____31_____ began to control his temper! Day by day, the number of nails_____32_____ into the fence decreased. Finally the day came when Alfred didn’t lose his temper at all. He felt_____33_____ as he told his father.
To show him what _____34_____ in the fence, his father told him to pull out one nail each time he controlled his temper. Strange _____35_____ he felt about the instruction, he followed the advice. Finally Alfred reported with huge pride that all the nails were _____36_____. At that point, the father asked his son to take one more look. “You have done well, but notice the _____37_____ left. This fence will never be the same. Saving or doing hurtful things in anger produces the same result. There will be a _____38_____ forever.”
Embarrassed and ashamed, Alfred _____39_____ his head . This was a valuable lesson constantly reminding him of the _____40_____ of words and the need to treat people with respect.
21.
A. intentionally B. ridiculously C. unluckily D. accidentally
22.
A. meaningless B. hurtful C. serious D. hateful
23.
A. uncontrollably B. fiercely C. dangerously D. temporarily
24.
A. human B. personality C. quantity D. identity
25.
A. balance B. fire C. lesson D. bargain
26.
A. let go B. take in C. let out D. give up
27.
A. boards B. trees C. tables D. walls
28.
A. rotten B. deserted C. weathered D. twisted
29.
A. Instead B. However C. Therefore D. Moreover
30.
A. amazing B. easy C. rewarding D. demanding
31.
A. gradually B. immediately C. regularly D. disappointedly
32.
A. poured B. hammered C. inserted D. pulled
33.
A. shy B. proud C. anxious D. conscious
34.
A. left B. kept C. remained D. contained
35.
A. although B. because C. since D. as
36.
A. lost B. missing C. messy D. gone
37.
A. caves B. impression C. holes D. pain
38.
A. scar B. memory C. remark D. proof
39.
A. cut B. hung C. shook D. tapped
40.
A. importance B. energy C. power D. usage
【答案】21. D 22. B 23. A 24. B 25. D 26. C 27. A 28. C 29. B 30. D 31. A 32. B 33. B 34. C 35. D 36. D 37. C 38. A 39. B 40. C
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。本文讲述了一个叫阿尔弗雷德的男孩，他天生脾气暴躁。他的父亲为了让他控制情绪，让他每次发脾气时拿锤子往一面栅栏上钉钉子。阿尔弗雷德的脾气因此逐渐得到控制，但也留下了永久的痕迹。这是一篇寓言故事，教育人们要控制情绪，避免说或做伤人的事情。
【21题详解】
考查副词词义辨析。句意：一天，在学校上手工艺课时，他的搭档不小心把他们的手工制品弄碎了一小块。A. intentionally有意地；B. ridiculously荒谬地；C. unluckily不幸地；D. accidentally偶然地。根据“crushed a small part of their handiwork”可知，他的搭档不小心把他们的手工制品弄碎了一小块。故选D。
【22题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：听到那些伤人的话后，她不由自主地哭了起来。A. meaningless毫无意义的；B. hurtful伤人的；C. serious严重的；D. hateful可恶的。根据前文“criticizing her”可知，男孩说了一些伤人的话。故选B。
【23题详解】
考查副词词义辨析。句意：同上。A. uncontrollably失控地；B. fiercely猛烈地；C. dangerously危险地；D. temporarily暂时地。根据前文的“criticizing her.”可知，男孩说了一些伤人的话之后，女孩控制不住地（不由自主地）哭了起来。故选A。
【24题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：阿尔弗雷德的父母开始担心他的性格缺陷，并考虑他们应该做些什么，A. human人类的；B. personality性格，个性；C. quantity数量；D. identity身份。根据文章第一句“but also had a very bad temper.”可知，男孩总是愿意发脾气，父母认为这是性格缺陷。故选B。
【25题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：他和儿子做了达成协议。A. balance平衡；B. fire火；C. lesson教训；D. bargain交易。根据后文“He gave him a bag of nails and a big hammer. “Whenever you lose your temper,” he told Alfred, “ I want you to really ____6____ your anger by driving a nail into the oak ____7____ of that old fence.””可知，父亲告诉阿尔弗雷德，希望他把一颗钉子钉在旧篱笆的橡木板上，这样可以把他的怒气发泄出来，这是二人达成协议。故选D。
【26题详解】
考查动词短语辨析。句意：他给了他一袋钉子和一把大锤子。“每当你发脾气的时候，”他告诉阿尔弗雷德，“我希望你把一颗钉子钉在旧篱笆的橡木板上，把你的怒气发泄出来。”A. let go放手，放弃；B. take in收留，吸收；C. let out释放，放松；D. give up放弃，放手。根据后文“your anger”可知，此处指男孩发脾气。故选C。
【27题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：同上。A. boards木板；B. trees树；C. tables桌子；D. walls墙壁。根据后文“of that old fence.”可知，此处表示父亲希望男孩把一颗钉子钉在旧篱笆的橡木板上。故选A。
【28题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：那些饱经风霜的橡木板几乎和铁一样坚硬，锤子很重。A. rotten腐烂的；B. deserted荒废的；C. weathered饱经风霜的；D. twisted扭曲的。根据“almost as tough as iron”可知，饱经风霜的橡木板很结实。故选C。
【29题详解】
考查副词词义辨析。句意：然而，到第一周结束时，阿尔弗雷德已经在篱笆上钉了37颗钉子。A. Instead代替，反而；B. However然而，无论如何；C. Therefore因此，所以；D. Moreover而且，此外。根据“by the end of the first week”可知，此处与前文构成转折关系，即刚刚和父亲达成协议，然而第一周结束，男孩就钉了37颗钉子。故选B。
【30题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：如此用劲地敲击钉子，阿尔弗雷德逐渐开始控制自己的脾气！A. amazing令人惊叹的；B. easy容易的；C. rewarding值得的，有回报的；D. demanding要求高的，费劲的。根据“hitting the nail”可知，男孩用劲地敲钉子。故选D。
【31题详解】
考查副词词义辨析。句意：同上。A. gradually逐渐地；B. immediately立即地；C. regularly定期地；D. disappointedly失望地。根据“began to control his temper”可知，男孩逐渐地控制住了自己的脾气。故选A。
【32题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：钉在篱笆上的钉子一天天减少了。A. poured倒，灌；B. hammered敲打，锤打；C. inserted插入，嵌入；D. pulled拉，拽。根据“the number of nails”可知，此处表示被锤子敲进篱笆上的钉子越来越少了。故选B。
【33题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：当他告诉父亲时，他感到很自豪。A. shy害羞的；B. proud骄傲的；C. anxious焦虑的；D. conscious意识到的。根据前文“Alfred didn’t lose his temper at all.”可知，男孩完全控制住了脾气，因此自豪地去找自己的爸爸。故选B。
【34题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：为了让他看看篱笆里还剩下什么，他的父亲告诉他，每次他控制住脾气，就拔出一颗钉子。A. left离开，留下；B. kept保持，保存；C. remained 剩余，保持不变；D. contained包含，容纳。根据“his father told him to pull out one nail each time he controlled his temper”可知，父亲让儿子看看篱笆里还剩下什么。故选C。
【35题详解】
考查连词词义辨析。句意：尽管他对这个指示感到奇怪，但他还是听从了建议。A. although虽然；B. because因为；C. since自从，既然；D. as如同，尽管。根据“he followed the advice”可知，尽管男孩对这个指示感到奇怪，但他还是听从了父亲的建议，表示“尽管”用as，此处引导倒装句结构，故although不符合语法规则。故选D。
【36题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：最后，阿尔弗雷德非常自豪地报告说，所有的钉子都拔掉了。A. lost失去的；B. missing失踪的，缺少的；C. messy凌乱的；D. gone消失的。根据前文“with huge pride that all the nails”可知，男孩非常自豪地报告说，所有的钉子都拔掉了。故选D。
【37题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：你做得很好，但是注意留下的洞孔。A. caves洞穴；B. impression 印象；C. holes洞孔；D. pain痛苦。根据前文“Finally Alfred reported with huge pride that all the nails were ____16____ .”可知，男孩将木头里所有的钉子都拔了出来，因此留下的是钉子的洞孔。故选C。
【38题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：这将是一个永远的伤疤。A. scar疤痕；B. memory记忆；C. remark 评论；D. proof 证明。根据前文“You have done well, but notice the ____17____ left.”可知，男孩将木头里所有的钉子都拔了出来，因此留下的是钉子的洞孔，这些洞孔就是伤害他人留下的疤痕。故选A。
【39题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：阿尔弗雷德又尴尬又惭愧，低下了头。A. cut切，割；B. hung悬挂，垂下；C. shook摇动；D. tapped轻敲。根据“Embarrassed and ashamed”和“his head”可知，男孩垂下了头。故选B。
【40题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：这是一个宝贵的教训，不断提醒他语言的力量和尊重他人的必要性。A. importance重要性；B. energy能量；C. power力量；D. usage使用，用法。根据前文“Saving or doing hurtful things in anger produces the same result. There will be a ____18____ forever.”可知，对别人说一些伤人的话，就好像是钉在木头里的钉子在拔出来留下的洞孔，这是永远的伤疤，因此父亲告诉并不断提醒男孩，语言的力量和尊重他人的必要性。故选C。
第二节(共10小题;每小题1.5分，满分15分)
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
As the legends goes, weiqi, which originated before the Spring and Autumn Period(770BC- 476BC) has a history of more than 4,000 years. The original chessboard consisted ___41___ only 17 horizontal and vertical lines, ___42___ (form) 289 points. During the Jin Dynasty(265AD-420AD), it developed into 19 lines forming 361 points, ___43___is still the standard nowadays.
Weiqi reached ___44___ (it) peak during the reign (统治) of Emperors Kangxi and Qianlong at the beginning of the Qing Dynasty. Numerous national champions and masters emerged ___45___ left behind many good chess manuals. Weiqi was taken to Japan about 1,000 years ago, where it was cultivated at court and in certain Buddhist sects (宗派). In the 1950s, a professional weiqi system was established in Korea, when weiqi master ChoNam-chul returned from professional ___46___ (train) in Japan. Today weiqi is even ___47___ (popular) in Korea than anywhere else in the world. It ___48___ (estimate) that five to ten percent of the population regularly play weiqi.
Victory in weiqi depends on the size of the encircled (围住) area and the number of pieces ___49___(take). The winner is the one who has the largest enclosure and takes the most number of pieces. At the beginning of the game, there is a large area on the chessboard, so it is easy ____50____ (encircle) and occupy the important positions. As the area is reduced, the player has to carefully assess which positions will decide the outcome.
【答案】41. of 42. forming
43. which 44. its
45. and 46. training
47. more popular
48. is estimated
49. taken 50. to encircle
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要讲述了围棋的发展历史。
【41题详解】
考查介词。句意：原始的棋盘只有17条水平线和垂直线，形成289个点。根据句意可知，此处应用固定搭配consist of“由……组成”。故填of。
【42题详解】
考查非谓语动词。句意：原始的棋盘只有17条水平线和垂直线，形成289个点。句子谓语是consisted，且无连词，空处为非谓语，动词form和其逻辑主语“The original chessboard”之间是主动关系，应用其现在分词作状语，故填forming。
【43题详解】
考查定语从句。句意：晋朝(公元265-420年)发展为19行361点，沿用至今。空处引导非限制性定语从句，先行词是19 lines forming 361 points，指代事物，用关系代词which引导从句，在从句中作主语。故填which。
【44题详解】
考查物主代词。句意：围棋运动在清朝初的康熙和乾隆年间达到了顶峰。修饰名词peak，应用形容词性物主代词。故填its。
【45题详解】
考查连词。句意：许多全国冠军和大师涌现而来，并留下了许多优秀的国际象棋手册。后文left与前文emerged是并列关系，空处应用并列连词and连接。故填and。
【46题详解】
考查名词。句意：20世纪50年代，围棋大师全南哲从日本接受专业的训练回国，在韩国建立了专业的围棋体系。根据空前professional可知，形容词修饰名词training，不可数名词。故填training。
【47题详解】
考查比较级。句意：今天，围棋在韩国比世界上任何地方都更受欢迎。根据even以及than可知，空处应用形容词的比较级。故填more popular。
【48题详解】
考查固定句型。句意：据估计，有百分之五到十的人经常玩围棋。It be estimated that“据估计”为固定句型。根据play可知，此处描述一般事实，应用一般现在时。故填is estimated。
【49题详解】
考查过去分词。句意：围棋的胜利取决于被围困区域的大小和被吃掉的棋子的数量。句子谓语是depends，且无连词，空处为非谓语，动词take和名词the number of pieces之间是被动关系，应用其过去分词作后置定语，故填taken。
【50题详解】
考查动词不定式。句意：在游戏开始时，棋盘上有一个很大的区域，所以很容易包围和占据重要的位置。分析句子结构可知，此处应用固定句型it is +adj. +to do sth. “做某事是……的”，其中it是形式主语，to do是真正的主语。故填to encircle。
第四部分 写作(共两节，满分35分)
第一节 短文改错(共10小题;每小题1分，满分10分)
51. 假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文，请你修改你同桌写的以下作文。文中共有10处语言错误，每句中最多有两处错误。每处错误仅设计一个单词的增加、删除或者修改。
增加：在缺词处加一个漏字符号(∧)，并在其下面写出该加的词。
删除：把多余的词用斜线(\)划掉。
修改：在错的词下划一横线，并在该词下而写出修改后的词。
注意：1.每处错误及其修改均仅限一词；
2.只允许修改10处，多者(从第11处起)不计分。
Learning you are interested in a waste-sorting program in China, I am writing to give for you a brief introduction. As far as I know, Shanghai had become the pioneer of waste sorting in our country. Residents in Shanghai are allowed to simply dump their waste bags in dustbin. Instead, domestic waste is required to be classifying into four categories: dry refuse, wet trash, recyclable waste or dangerous waste. Face with the new rule and for every waste item under careful supervision (监督), many citizens in Shanghai find it a little too complicated and difficult. However, the majority of the people firm support the policy because it helps us live a greener life and makes our country most beautiful.
【答案】1. a→the 2. 删除for 3. had→has 4. 在are后加not 5. dustbin→dustbins
6. classifying→classified 7. Face→Faced 8. for→with
9. firm→firmly 10. most→more
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了中国的垃圾分类项目，上海成为了该项目的先驱。居民被要求将垃圾分为四类：干垃圾、湿垃圾、可回收垃圾或危险垃圾。虽然这一规定令许多上海市民感到复杂和困难，但大多数人坚决支持这一政策，因为它有助于我们过更绿色的生活，使我们的国家更加美丽。
【详解】1.考查冠词。句意：得知您对中国的垃圾分类项目很感兴趣，我写信给您做一个简短的介绍。句中waste-sorting program为可数名词，此处表示特指，应用定冠词the。故将a改为the。
2.考查介词。句意：同上。句中give为及物动词，后直接加宾语，不需要介词。故删除for。
3.考查动词时态。句意：据我所知，上海已经成为我国垃圾分类的先驱。根据句意，句子表述动作发生在过去对现在有影响，应用现在完成时。故将had改为has。
4.考查动词语态。句意：上海居民不允许直接把垃圾袋扔进垃圾桶。根据句意，此处表示“不被允许做某事”用be not allowed to do sth。故在are后加not。
5.考查名词复数。句意：同上。分析句子，句中dustbin为可数名词，意为“垃圾桶”，前无限定词，应用复数形式，表泛指。故将dustbin改为dustbins。
6.考查动词语态。句意：相反，生活垃圾被要求分为四类:干垃圾、湿垃圾、可回收废物或危险废物。句中be required to do意为“被要求去做某事”，waste和classify之间是被动关系，应用不定式的被动语态即to be done。故将classifying改为classified。
7.考查非谓语动词。句意：面对新规定，以及每一件垃圾都要受到严格监管，许多上海市民觉得这有点太复杂和困难了。分析句子，句中find为谓语动词，设空处使用非谓语动词，此处many citizens与face之间是被动关系，应用过去分词，作状语。同时该空置于句首，开头单词首字母大写。故将Face改为Faced。
8.考查介词。句意：同上。分析句子，此处是with的复合结构，即with+宾语+介词短语。故将for改为with。
9.考查副词。句意：然而，大多数人坚定地支持这一政策，因为它有助于我们过上更环保的生活，使我们的国家变得更美丽。句中使用firm的副词firmly，修饰动词support，作状语。故将firm改为firmly。
10.考查形容词比较级。句意：同上。分析句子，此处表示“使得我们国家变得更美丽”，应用beautiful的比较级。故将most改为more。
第二节 书面表达(满分25分)
52. 近来，人工智能聊天机器人程序ChatGPT成为热门话题，请你为学校英语社写一篇你对人工智能看法的文章。要点如下：
1.人工智能的迅猛发展；
2.人工智能带来的影响；
3.中学生应该如何对待人工智能。
注意：1.词数：100左右(题目已给出，不计入总词数)；
2.可适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。
Personal opinion about artificial intelligence
_______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
【答案】
Personal opinion about artificial intelligence
Nowadays, ChatGPT, a kind of chatting software that can carry on natural conversation with human beings, has become a hot topic. This implies that artificial intelligence, or AI, has entered a fast-developing period.
Personally, I think the development of AI will be on its own way and cannot be stopped by anyone or any country. It will certainly bring us benefits like higher working efficiency, saving a lot of costs and resources. Of course, the disadvantages are also obvious, the first of which is that large numbers of people have to face the problem of unemployment.
As senior high students, we must first of all master what is necessary for our development. More importantly, we should be aware what is going to be replaced by AI in the future, focusing on what is irreplaceable. We’ll not fear AI, and instead we will make good use of it.
【解析】
【导语】本篇书面表达属于应用文。要求你为学校英语社写一篇你对人工智能看法的文章，因为近来，人工智能聊天机器人程序ChatGPT成为热门话题。
【详解】1.词汇积累
阻止：stop→prevent/restrain
不利条件：disadvantage→defect/drawback/handicap
明显的：obvious→evident/apparent/distinct
意识到：be aware→realize
2.句式拓展
简单句变复合句
原句：It will certainly bring us benefits like higher working efficiency, saving a lot of costs and resources.
拓展句：It will certainly bring us benefits like higher working efficiency, which saves a lot of costs and resources.
【点睛】【高分句型1】Of course, the disadvantages are also obvious, the first of which is that large numbers of people have to face the problem of unemployment.(运用了where引导的限制性定语从句)
【高分句型2】More importantly, we should be aware what is going to be replaced by AI in the future, focusing on what is irreplaceable.(运用了what引导的宾语从句以及现在分词作状语)
听力答案：1-5 ABBCB 6-10 ABBCC 11-15 ABACC 16-20 AACBA2023届全国高考全真模拟
英语
本试卷分选择题和非选择题，共150分，考试时间120分钟。
注意事项：
1.答题前，务必将自已的姓名、班级和考籍号填写在答题卡规定的位置上。
2.答选择题时，必须使用2B铅笔将答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑，如需改动，用橡皮擦擦干净后，再选涂其他答案标号。
3.答非选择题时，必须使用0.5毫米黑色签字笔，将答案书写在答题卡规定的位置上。
4.所有题目必须在答题卡上作答，在试题卷上答题无效。
5.考试结束后，请将试卷和答题卡一并交回。
第一部分 听力(共两节，满分30分)
做题时，先将答案标在试卷上。录音内容结束后，你将有两分钟的时间将试卷上的答案转涂到答题卡上。
第一节(共5小题;每小题1.5分，满分7.5分)
听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。
1. Where does the conversation probably take place
A. At a barber’s. B. At a butcher’s. C. At a clinic.
2. Who is Betty
A. The man’s secretary. B. The woman’s cousin. C. Donna Bush’s lawyer.
3. What does the man think of the band
A. Too noisy. B. Impressive. C. Disappointing.
4. What will the woman probably do
A. Buy a red coat. B. Buy a green coat. C. Buy none of the coats.
5. Who is the woman talking to
A. A bus driver. B. A taxi driver. C. A bicycle rider.
第二节(共15小题，每小题1.5分，满分22.5分)
听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟;听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。
听第6段材料，回答第6、7题。
6. How long has the man been running the restaurant
A. For over a decade. B. For about eight years. C. For more than 20 years.
7. What may the woman suggest the man do
A. Redecorate the restaurant. B. Serve more varieties of food.
C. Take proper measures to fight the pandemic.
听第7段材料，回答第8、9题。
8. What has happened to the man
A. His leg seems to be broken.
B. He was knocked down by a car.
C. He has just had a minor operation.
9. What was the man’s mistake
A. He didn’t buy any insurance.
B. He forgot to wear his helmet.
C. He skateboarded in the wrong place.
听第8段材料，回答第10至12题。
10. What does the woman want to do with her Fetrari
A. Have it repaired in Italy.
B. Sell it at a reasonable pride.
C. Repaint it and change the engine.
11. What will prabably cost the most according to the man
A. The imported engine.
B. The repainting of the car.
C. The labor to repair the car.
12. How long will it take to fully restore the vehicle
A. About two weeks. B. About three weeks. C. About four weeks.
听第9段材料，回答第13至16题。
13. How did the woman learn to draw so well
A. By practicing again and again.
B. By watching cartoons regularly.
C. By learning lessons from TV programs.
14. How did the woman make her breakthrough
A. She sent her drawings to a publisher.
B. She won prizes in big drawing competitions.
C. Someone discovered her talents by accident.
15 Why do the woman and Mark show the drawings to their kids
A. To show them the beauty of arts.
B. To develop their interest in drawing.
C. To make sure children like those works.
16. What will the woman do in the future
A. Continue to draw pictures.
B. Write stories about tourists.
C. Write a book about drawing techniqies.
听第10段材料，回答第17至20题。
17. What could the speaker never get in grade school
A. B’s. B. C+minuses. C. D’s.
18. What did the speakser write down for the word “carper”
A. c-a-r-p-e-r. B. c-r-a-p-e-r. C. c-a-r-p-e-t.
19. What can we learn about people with dyslexia
A. They are physically disabled.
B. They have problems with spelling.
C. They can achieve success more easily.
20. Why does the speaker often tell children such stories
A. To encourage them to find their special talent.
B. To beg them to make contributions to the world.
C. To persuade them to study harder at their lessons.
第二部分 阅读理解(共两节，满分40分)
第一节(共15小题;每小题2分，满分30分)
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。
A
If you are a regular theatergoer, you may be interested in the following shows.
Musicals/Six
SIX, the most uplifting piece of new British musical theatre, is holding court at London’s Vaudeville Theatre. The New York Times considers that SIX is pure entertainment! This sell-out fascinating Tudor take-off has an incredibly strong and powerful message: Boundary-pushing and genre-redefining.
Booking period: 29 Sep. 2021-2 Apr. 2023
Plays/A Christmas Carol (The Old Vic)
Matthew Warchus’ big-hearted production of Charles Dickens’ immortal classic returns to The Old Vie, adapted for the stage by Jack Thorne. Starring Tony Award-winning actor Owen Teale (Game of Thrones, Line of Duty) as Ebenezer Scrooge, The Old Vic’s A CHRISTMAS CAROL fills the auditorium with music and merriment. A unique staging entertains the audience in this uplifting story.
Booking period: Sat 12 Nov. 2022-Sat 7 Jan, 2023
Musicals/My Fair Lady
The multi-award-winning production of MY FAIR LADY is now playing at the London Coliseum, the first major West End revival of Lerner&Loewe’s much-loved musical for 21 years.
MY FAIR LADY tells the story of Eliza Doolittle, a young Cockney flower seller, and Henry. Higgins, a linguistics professor who is determined tor transform her into his idea of a “proper lady”. But who is really being transformed
Booking period: Now-27, Aug. 2022
Dance & Opera/The Yeomen of the Guard
As part of the English National Opera’s 2022/23 season, The Yeomen of the Guard is coming to the London Coliseum for a limited time only. The unfairly imprisoned Colonel Fairfax has a mutual attraction to the young daughter of the righteous Sergeant Meryll. Phoebe wishes Fairfax to be released so they can have the wedding she desires, and seeks the help of Jack Point.
Booking period: 3 Nov.-2 Dec, 2022
1. Which show’s booking period ends last
A. SIX. B. A Christmas Carol.
C. My Fair Lady. D. The Yeomen of the Guard.
2. What do SIX and My Fair Lady have in common
A. They are musicals. B. They are lifting stories.
C. Their tickets are sold at half price. D. They are multi-award-winning productions.
3. Where does the passage probably come from
A. A magazine. B. A newspaper.
C. A website. D. A theater review.
B
An observant customer at a restaurant in southwest China spotted a set of footprints in the stone floor of the courtyard where they were dining. After the relevant authorities were called in to observe and identify, the paleontologists (古生物学家) on the scene discovered a new set of footprints, which they say belong to two dinosanrs that walked the planet some 100 million years ago.
Paleontologist Dr. Lida Xing was one of the experts. He said that his team used a 3D scanner to confirm that the footprints were left by sauropods, which were plant-eaters with small heads and long necks and tails.
“I would say that right now, China, in particular with regards to dinosaur footprints, is undergoing a fossil renaissance (复兴). A lot of new and exciting spots are being discovered,” said Scott Persons, a paleontologist at the College of Charleston. He has worked with the Chinese scientists who made this discovery, though he was not involved in this particular find.
Riley Black, a paleontologist and science writer, said this type of encounter could be a reminder that the remains of fossils are still all around us. “Sometimes when I go on walks around Salt Lake City, a lot of the sidewalks there are made from early Jurassic sandstone. I haven’t seen a dinosaur there yet, but you’ll see little tracks made by photo-mammals and scorpions (蝎子) and spiders.”
While fossil footprints might not seem quite as dramatic as finding bones, they allow paleontologists to take a unique glimpse into how dinosaurs lived. Tracks are fossilized behavior, It is the motion of a living animal. Usually, tracks are some of the only evidence that we can have of dinosaurs’ social behavior.
Sauropods had to eat constantly to maintain their size, so their behavior in this case may have involved eating their way through the green world.
4. Who first discovered the footprints left by sauropods
A. An observant customer at a restaurant.
B. Several paleontologists called to the scene.
C. A paleontologist at the College of Charleston.
D. A paleontologist and science writer named Riley-Black.
5. Why did Scott Persons say China is experiencing a fossil renaissance
A. Because China used a 3D scanner to confirm the footprints.
B. Because China plays a major role in the research of dinosaurs.
C. Because he wanted to get involved in the particular find in China.
D. Because many new dinosaur footprints are being discovered in China.
6. In what aspect are fossil dinosaurs’ footprints important
A. They show where the dinosaurs inhabited.
B. They can reflect dinosaurs’ social behavior.
C. They enable experts to find their bones more easily.
D. They arouse more interest in the study of dinosaurs.
7. Which of following serves as the best title for the passage
A. Want to discover dinosaurs’ footprints: come to China
B. A diner discovered dinosaur footprints in a restaurant
C. Which is more dramatic: fossil bones or fossil footprints
D. Paleontologists identified a new set of sauropods’ footprints
C
When we get dressed or play ball, our brain is constantly planning ahead so that we can move our body without bumping, tripping, or falling over. We humans acquire our body-model as infants, and now robots are following suit.
A Columbia engineering team announced they had created a robot that , for the first time, was able to learn a model of its entire body from nothing, without any human assistance.
The researchers placed a robotic arm inside a circle of five streaming video cameras. The robot watched itself through the cameras as it moved freely. Like an infant exploring itself for the first time in a hall of mirrors, the robot wiggled (扭动) to learn how exactly its body moved in response to various motor (运动神经) commands. After about three hours, the robot stopped. Its deep neural network bad finished learning the relationship between its motor actions and the volume it occupied in its environment.
The ability of robots to model themselves without being assisted by engineers is important for many reasons. Not only does it save labor, but it also allows the robot to keep up with its own wear-and-tear, and even detect and compensate for damage. A factory robot, for instance, could detect that something isn’t moving right, and compensate or call for assistance.
The research work is part of the scientists’ decades-long quest to find ways to grant robots some form of self-awareness. Self-modeling is a primitive form of self-awareness. If a robot, animal, or human has an accurate self-model, it can function better in the world, it can make better decisions, and it has an evolutionary advantage.
The researchers are aware of the limits, risks, and controversies surrounding granting machines greater autonomy through self-awareness. They say the kind of self-awareness demonstrated in this study is insignificant compared to that of humans, but they have to start somewhere, Surely, scientists have to go slowly and carefully, so we can reap the benefits while minimizing the risks.
8. How did the robot learn about its body model
A. It followed the examples of infants.
B. Engineers corrected its movement from time to time.
C. It adjusted its movement according to its motor orders.
D. It moved in circles and learned about the objects in the environment.
9. What is the advantage of using robots with accurate self-model in a factory
A. They can fulfill jobs that humans cannot do.
B. They can repair any damage / caused by human errors.
C. They can replace most workers and improve productivity,
D. They can detect wrong movement and make self-adjustment.
10. The underlined word “quest” in Paragraph 5 can be replaced by __________.
A. discovery B. experiment C. exploration D. interest
11. What does the last paragraph imply
A There are potential risks to grant machines self-awareness.
B. Robots’ intelligence is nothing compared with that of humans.
C. Scientists are confident about the future of machine self-awareness.
D. Benefits of machine self-awareness are insignificant because of the risks.
D
I first visited Greece when I was 5, and have spent every summer there since. As the granddaughter of four immigrants and inheritor of their purely Greek bloodline, annual trips to our homeland became a routine. But whether with relatives or at a beachside cafe, I was forced to speak Greek, not a word of English was acceptable. That was Greece over a decade ago.
Today, while walking down Syntagma Square in Athens, you’ll find a Starbucks on your right and a McDonald’s on your left, You’ll pass an H&M and American Eagle. At local bars where I try to practice my conversational Greek, waiters often respond in English. Every summer when I go back, I hear less and less of my native tongue.
The tourists are everywhere, They crowd the narrow paths by day and stream into the clubs by night, The hotels of Athens are filled to capacity on any given day, and the Parthenon is filled with visitors following placards (标语牌) held by tour guides.
Don’t get me wrong. I want tourists to witness the spectacular landscape and experience the rich history, culture and beauty of Greece, But I don’t want them to overrun the place. The increase of tourism in Greece, while benefiting the economy, challenges the preservation of Greek traditions and culture. In addition, it poses a serious threat to the natural environment.
As a tourist in a foreign country, it is your responsibility to respect the land you are stepping upon. Don’t expect the locals to speak English. Instead, buy a pocket e-dictionary. Read about Pericles and his vision of democracy before you visit the Parthenon.
Respect the country the traditions, and the people of the counties you visit. If you get to know the locals, you will soon discover the true meaning of Greek hospitality that will make you long for your next visit to the Greek isles.
Who knows, maybe I’ll be around on your next visit. Let me know and I’d be glad to show you around my second home.
12 What does the writer intend to tell us in the first two paragraphs
A. Few people can speak the Greek language now.
B. Greece has been seriously affected by foreign culture.
C. English is gaining popularity in the Greek tourist industry,
D. Greece has truly become part of the international community.
13. We can learn from Paragraph 3 and 4 that _________.
A Greece is overcrowded with tourists
B. the natural environment has been damaged
C. tourism does not bring any benefit to Greece
D. the Parthenon is the symbol of Greek culture
14. Which of the following would the writer suggest
A. Learning Greek well before going to Greece.
B. Buying g cup of local coffee instead of Starbucks.
C. Preparing a pooket English e-dictionary in advance
D. Finding the true meaning of Greek hospitality in bars.
15. What does the passage mainly tell us
A. Tourism is an excellent way to increase knowledge.
B. Greece is an ancient country worth visiting twice.
C. Why the writer regards Greece as a second home.
D. Tourists should respect Greece while visiting it.
第二节(共5小题;每小题2分，满分10分)
根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。选项中有两项为多余选项。
While sweat serves as the built-in air conditioner, sweating it out can have many: other surprising health benefits. ___16___
It Eases Pain
Did you wake up with back pain ___17___ Then the best way to relieve your pain is to work up a sweat. It might be very tempting to skip this step since pain will make you want to sit still. But actually increasing your heart rate and working up a sweat is one of the best things you can do for your pain while sitting around will just make you even more stiff and sore.
It Gets Rid of Toxins(毒素)
Our bodies are subject to a lot of toxins throughout our everyday lives. ___18___Sweating is a great way to expel (排出) those toxins from the body, which serves to better your immune system. It can also help get rid of substances like alcohol and salt.
___19___
Along with the sense of accomplishment from working out, working up a sweat releases endorphins (内啡肽), which make you happy. Sweating helps relieve stress and promote relaxation. Next time you’re feeling stressed out or need a break to clear your mind, think about hitting up a hot yoga class or taking a few minutes for yourself in the sauna (桑拿) to ease your mind,
It Helps You Avoid Kidney Stones
One of the lesser-known benefits of sweating is that it lowers the risk of getting kidney (肾) stones. Research has shown that sweating helps you get rid of salt and keep calcium in your bones. ___20___ The more frequently you find yourself sweating, the better.
A. It Makes You Happier
B. Are you sore from yesterday’s workout
C. Pain is usually caused by toxins produced in the body.
D. Here are some top benefits of sweating in summer.
E. Sweating also helps prevent pollutants from entering the body.
F. This helps keep those elements from your kidneys where small stones will form.
G. They come from the pollution in the air, our food, and are created naturally in the body.
第三部分 英语知识运用(共两节，满分45分)
第一节 完形填空(共20小题;每小题1.5分，满分30分)
阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的四个选项(A、B、C和D)中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。
Once there was a boy named Alfred, who was extremely bright, but also had a very bad temper. One day at school, when having a craft class, his partner ____21____ crushed a small part of their handiwork. He immediately got angry, criticizing her. After hearing those ____22____ words, she started to cry ____23____. Before long, the girl began shutting herself away. and never talked with Alfred.
Alfred’s parents became concerned about his ____24____ flaw (缺陷) , and thought about what they should do. Finally, the father had an idea. And he struck a ____25____ with his son. He gave him a bag of nails and a big hammer. “Whenever you lose your temper,” he told Alfred, “ I want you to really ____26____ your anger by driving a nail into the oak ____27____ of that old fence.”
Those ____28____ oak boards were almost as tough as iron, and the hammer was heavy. ____29____, by the end of the first week, Alfred had driven 37 nails into the fence. So _____30_____ was hitting the nail that Alfred _____31_____ began to control his temper! Day by day, the number of nails_____32_____ into the fence decreased. Finally the day came when Alfred didn’t lose his temper at all. He felt_____33_____ as he told his father.
To show him what _____34_____ in the fence, his father told him to pull out one nail each time he controlled his temper. Strange _____35_____ he felt about the instruction, he followed the advice. Finally Alfred reported with huge pride that all the nails were _____36_____. At that point, the father asked his son to take one more look. “You have done well, but notice the _____37_____ left. This fence will never be the same. Saving or doing hurtful things in anger produces the same result. There will be a _____38_____ forever.”
Embarrassed and ashamed, Alfred _____39_____ his head . This was a valuable lesson constantly reminding him of the _____40_____ of words and the need to treat people with respect.
21.
A. intentionally B. ridiculously C. unluckily D. accidentally
22.
A. meaningless B. hurtful C. serious D. hateful
23.
A. uncontrollably B. fiercely C. dangerously D. temporarily
24.
A. human B. personality C. quantity D. identity
25.
A. balance B. fire C. lesson D. bargain
26.
A. let go B. take in C. let out D. give up
27.
A. boards B. trees C. tables D. walls
28.
A. rotten B. deserted C. weathered D. twisted
29.
A. Instead B. However C. Therefore D. Moreover
30.
A amazing B. easy C. rewarding D. demanding
31.
A. gradually B. immediately C. regularly D. disappointedly
32.
A. poured B. hammered C. inserted D. pulled
33.
A. shy B. proud C. anxious D. conscious
34.
A. left B. kept C. remained D. contained
35.
A. although B. because C. since D. as
36.
A. lost B. missing C. messy D. gone
37.
A. caves B. impression C. holes D. pain
38.
A. scar B. memory C. remark D. proof
39.
A. cut B. hung C. shook D. tapped
40.
A. importance B. energy C. power D. usage
第二节(共10小题;每小题1.5分，满分15分)
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
As the legends goes, weiqi, which originated before the Spring and Autumn Period(770BC- 476BC) has a history of more than 4,000 years. The original chessboard consisted ___41___ only 17 horizontal and vertical lines, ___42___ (form) 289 points. During the Jin Dynasty(265AD-420AD), it developed into 19 lines forming 361 points, ___43___is still the standard nowadays.
Weiqi reached ___44___ (it) peak during the reign (统治) of Emperors Kangxi and Qianlong at the beginning of the Qing Dynasty. Numerous national champions and masters emerged ___45___ left behind many good chess manuals. Weiqi was taken to Japan about 1,000 years ago, where it was cultivated at court and in certain Buddhist sects (宗派). In the 1950s, a professional weiqi system was established in Korea, when weiqi master ChoNam-chul returned from professional ___46___ (train) in Japan. Today weiqi is even ___47___ (popular) in Korea than anywhere else in the world. It ___48___ (estimate) that five to ten percent of the population regularly play weiqi.
Victory in weiqi depends on the size of the encircled (围住) area and the number of pieces ___49___(take). The winner is the one who has the largest enclosure and takes the most number of pieces. At the beginning of the game, there is a large area on the chessboard, so it is easy ____50____ (encircle) and occupy the important positions. As the area is reduced, the player has to carefully assess which positions will decide the outcome.
第四部分 写作(共两节，满分35分)
第一节 短文改错(共10小题;每小题1分，满分10分)
51. 假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文，请你修改你同桌写的以下作文。文中共有10处语言错误，每句中最多有两处错误。每处错误仅设计一个单词的增加、删除或者修改。
增加：在缺词处加一个漏字符号(∧)，并在其下面写出该加的词。
删除：把多余的词用斜线(\)划掉。
修改：在错的词下划一横线，并在该词下而写出修改后的词。
注意：1.每处错误及其修改均仅限一词；
2.只允许修改10处，多者(从第11处起)不计分。
Learning you are interested in a waste-sorting program in China, I am writing to give for you a brief introduction. As far as I know, Shanghai had become the pioneer of waste sorting in our country. Residents in Shanghai are allowed to simply dump their waste bags in dustbin. Instead, domestic waste is required to be classifying into four categories: dry refuse, wet trash, recyclable waste or dangerous waste. Face with the new rule and for every waste item under careful supervision (监督), many citizens in Shanghai find it a little too complicated and difficult. However, the majority of the people firm support the policy because it helps us live a greener life and makes our country most beautiful.
第二节 书面表达(满分25分)
52. 近来，人工智能聊天机器人程序ChatGPT成为热门话题，请你为学校英语社写一篇你对人工智能看法的文章。要点如下：
1.人工智能的迅猛发展；
2.人工智能带来的影响；
3.中学生应该如何对待人工智能。
注意：1.词数：100左右(题目已给出，不计入总词数)；
2.可适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。
Personal opinion about artificial intelligence
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听力答案：1-5 ABBCB 6-10 ABBCC 11-15 ABACC 16-20 AACBA
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