高中试卷答案网“学考冲冲冲”2023-2024学业水平合格性考试模拟试题（三）
英 语
本试卷共 6页，26 小题，满分 150 分。考试用时 90 分钟。
注意事项: 1.答卷前，考生务必用黑色字迹的钢笔或签字笔将自己的姓名、考生号、考场号和座位号填写在答题卡上。用 2B 笔将试卷类型(B)填涂在答题卡相应位置上。将条形码横贴在答题卡右上角“条形码粘贴处”。 2.选择题每小题选出答案后，用 2B 笔把答题卡上对应题目选项的答案信息点涂黑:如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案。答案不能答在试卷上。 3.非选择题必须用黑色字迹的钢笔或签字笔作答，答案必须写在答题卡各题目指定区域内相应位置上:如需改动，先划掉原来的答案，然后再写上新的答案:不准使用铅笔和涂改液。不按以上要求作答的答案无效。 4.考生必须保持答题卡的整洁。考试结束后，将试卷和答题卡一并交回。
Ⅰ.情景交际（共5小题；每小题3分，满分15分）
阅读下列简短对话；从每题所给 的A、B、C、D项中选出最佳选项；将对话补全。
1. --What’s the noise It sounds as if it comes from upstairs.
--______. It must be the window-cleaner working next door.
A. I’m not sure B. I hope not C. I’d rather not D. I don’t think so
2. -- Her father is very rich.
--______ She wouldn’t accept his help even if it were offered.
A. What for B. No doubt. C. So what D. No wonder.
3.--Do you think you could do without help
--_______. This is not the first time for me.
A. Take care B. Hurry up C. Not exactly D. Don’t worry
4. --Do you think their table tennis team will win the first place at the coming Asian Games
--______. Ours is much stronger than theirs.
A. Of course B. It depends C. Don’t mention it D. By no means
5. --May I open the window to let in some fresh air
--________
A. Come on! B. Take care! C. Go ahead! D. Hold on!
Ⅱ.阅读（共15小题；每小题3分，满分45分）
第一节 阅读下列短文；掌握其大意；然后从每题所给 的A、B、C、D项中选出最佳选项。
A
In a classic episode of The Simpsons, Homer’s class reunion ends in shame when one of Homer’s guilty secrets is exposed: he never graduated from high school. To get his diploma, he must pass a science test. As he sits down to retake the exam, he holds one of his trademark dialogues with his brain. “All right, brain. You don’t like me and I don’t like you. But let’s just do this and I can get back to killing you with beer.”
Many a true word is spoken as a joke. Homer Simpson’s Everyman character really is an Everyman. For most people, engaging in the kind of effortful thinking that is required to pass a science test feels too much like hard work. It is so much easier to quit and let the brain’s autopilot take over.
And no wonder. Evolution has blessed the human brain with all kinds of mental shortcuts that make life manageable. If we had to think about every action or weigh up every decision, we would break down. As a result, certain ideas and modes of thinking come naturally to us, such as effortless thinking.
But at huge cost. Our mental shortcuts work fine at the level of individuals and small-scale societies, but in an increasingly interconnected and globalized world, they are a danger to society. Effortless thinking is at the root of many of the modern world’s most serious problems: terrorism, hatred, inequality and religious extremism. All are caused by people disengaging their critical thinking and going with their gut (非理性的) feeling.
Everybody is capable of gut feeling, but also of critical thinking. Both thinking styles are needed to make the world go round. Unfortunately, the latter requires training that is unavailable or unappealing to many people.
One of the bright spots in 2017 was the start of a movement called the March for Science. Those who believe in the power of science need to keep on marching, or give more power to people who don’t much like their own brains—or other people’s.
6.What does the author want to convey through Homer’s story
A. Feeling is very important.
B. Drinking beer is harmful to one’s brain.
C. High school seniors should work hard.
D. Most people hate effortful thinking like Homer.
7.How do you read between the lines of the underlined sentence according to the passage
A. Most people would rather tell jokes than tell the truth.
B. Most people don’t want to toil through scientific tests.
C. Most people would love to have their brains controlled by a pilot.
D. Most people like Simpson’s ordinary character are willing to think simple.
8.What is the fourth paragraph mainly about
A. Our mental shortcuts function well.
B. Effortless thinking is expensive for people.
C. Effortless thinking is dangerous to society.
D. People prefer effortless thinking to critical thinking.
9.What does the author think of critical thinking
A. It makes the world go round.
B. It needs necessary training.
C. It works fine at the level of personal affairs.
D. It leads to the March for Science in 2017.
10.What is the best title for the text
A. Critical Thinking Is Urgently Needed
B. Effortless Thinking Is Out of Date
C. We Need to March Towards Science
D. Thinking Contributes to Social Problems
B
It’s no secret that spring is now starting earlier, but exactly how, why and where this is happening are much more complex questions. Spending 50 years in observing some insects, like aphids, moths and butterflies, as well as birds in the UK, a group of researchers, led by Dr James Bell of the Rothamsted Insect Survey, have tried to answer some of these questions.
On the one hand, the results confirm current understanding. They reveal that aphids, moths and butterflies are now flying much earlier than in the mid-20th century and that birds are laying eggs earlier. However, this early awakening isn’t uniform across species and the degree of change varies depending on the location and habitat. As a result, the researchers have learned that wildlife may fail to match the life cycles of other species that they rely on for food.
Some of this variation is related to differences in the species themselves—moths, which turn from caterpillars to flying adults early in the year, seem to be more responsive to climate change than those which change later. In other cases, the geographical location is key. Spring activity generally occurs later in the north of the country, though the specifics vary from species to species.
In addition, the study also finds that woodland habitats, which are thought to offer animals a more stable climate, and which researchers hoped might present a “buffer (缓冲)” to climate change, did not appear to do so. It is this finding in particular that concerns scientists. “We should have seen some sort of buffer offered by the woodland that would protect wildlife against the rises in temperature, but actually we didn’t see that,” explains Dr Bell. “We have to guess that even though woodlands have stable micro-climates, they too are advancing at the same rate. Though the researchers will carry out further research to establish exactly why this is the case, the all-along outcome is very clear: all species are now at greater risk than previously thought.”
11.What did the researchers try to answer in their study
A.Which species can sense spring very early
B.Is spring coming much earlier now
C.What is the detailed information about early spring
D.What is people’s common understanding of early spring
12.According to the researchers, what might be the result of early awakening
A.The increased chance of insects being eaten.
B.The change in some birds’ egg-laying habits.
C.The loss of some species’ natural habitat.
D.The break in some wildlife’s food chain.
13.In Paragraph 3, the author mainly talks about .
A.the reasons for some species’ early awakening
B.species’ responses to climate change
C.the influences brought by early spring
D.the distribution of species in the UK
14.What do we know about the woodland habitats
A.They’ve failed to work as expected.
B.They’re now in quite severe conditions.
C.They’ve been less affected by climate change.
D.They’re widely distributed throughout the UK.
15.What does Dr Bell think of the result of their research
A.Desired. B.Worrying. C.Beneficial. D.Encouraging.
第二节 阅读下列短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项
The Rock Art of Tsodilo Hills
One of the earliest kinds of art was rock art, which can be found in many different countries in Africa. 16 The rocks in Botswana's Tsodilo Hills are decorated (装饰) with rock art. Tsodilo Hills are rocky caves(洞穴) in the Kalahari Desert(沙漠).Scientists believe that people have been living in Tsodilo Hills for more than 100,000 years. During this time, people left drawings on the rocks. 17
Animals and hunting (打猎) are the main subjects of these rock drawings. For example, one of the most famous caves in Tsodilo Hills is called Rhino(犀生)Cave. On the walls of this cave, there is a painting of a white rhino. 18 These two animals were not drawn by the same artist, however. Scientists believe that the white rhino was painted by the Bantu people, and that the red giraffe was painted by the San people. 19
Tsodilo Hills have the most rock paintings in the world. Scientists believe that many people drew on the rocks because Tsodilo Hills protected them from the Kalahari Desert, which was hot and dry. 20 Many different groups of people made these rocky caves their homes. On the rocks, they made art. This rock art now brings many tourists to Botswana. Would you like to visit Tsodilo Hills to see the rock paintings
A. In Botswana there are over 4,300 rock paintings from thousands of years ago. B. The caves in Tsodilo Hills gave them a break from the desert's extreme weather. C. There is also a painting of a red giraffe right next to the rhino. D. These drawings provide information about what life was like in the past. E. The Rhino Cave shows the two cultural groups had lived in Tsodilo Hills.
Ⅲ.完形填空（共15小题；每小题3分，满分45分）
阅读下列短文；掌握其大意；然后从每题所给 的A、B、C、D项中选出最佳选项。
I told the woman at the local stable (马厩) I only wanted to sit on a horse. It was to be a celebration of my sixty-fifth birthday. I wanted to ____21____ the special day by trying something new, something outside my ____22____.
She said I’d have to take a ____23____.
On the following Saturday morning, I ____24____ at the stable nervously. I began to ____25____: is this really a good idea
Nancy, my teacher, walked over to say hello to me. The horse, whose reins (缰绳) she held, was ____26____ as Lightning.
I planned to stand on a box and ____27____ the horse. Nancy felt it was ____28____ to use a stirrup (马镫). So, I tried. Once, twice, no luck. I was still on the ____29____, wet through from all the hard work and great _____30_____. Once again, I wanted to give up. Then, in a magic moment, I _____31_____. But I hadn’t expected I’d be up so high! Worried about falling off, sweat (汗水) poured down my face. But I was _____32_____—I got my wish. Now, let me be. But, no, Nancy told me to move. She called out _____33_____, “You can do it!” We did move, twice.
When I finally got off the horse, I hugged (拥抱) Nancy and Lightning _____34_____. What I took into my heart was a powerful experience of having a wish and making it _____35_____. I’m so glad I did!
21. A. mark B. end C. change D. keep
22. A. wish B. responsibility C. experience D. understanding
23. A. break B. lesson C. breath D. chance
24. A. appeared B. slept C. played D. pointed
25. A. explain B. notice C. realize D. doubt
26. A. imagined B. introduced C. considered D. treated
27. A. get on B. look after C. talk to D. deal with
28. A. impossible B. important C. popular D. polite
29. A. horse B. rock C. box D. road
30. A. surprise B. joy C. pride D. nervousness
31. A. fell B. accepted C. quit D. succeeded
32. A. bored B. satisfied C. quiet D. serious
33. A. encouragement B. decision C. impression D. excuse
34. A. carefully B. confidently C. excitedly D. wisely
35. A. right B. clear C. true D. easy
Ⅳ.语法填空（共10小题；每小题2分，满分20分）
阅读下列短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
In the past few years, more than half of the bookstores in China have closed down, 36 is the result of the 37 (compete) from online bookstores. But the success of Sisyphe Bookstore, one of the 38 (big) privately-owned bookstore chains in China, may serve 39 a great example.
40 (found) in 1993, Sisyphe started to transform and upgrade its business in 2009 to seek its profitability. Now, it not only devotes itself to 41 (sell)books, but combines the functions of bookstores, cafes and the sale of 42 (create)cultural products. Sisyphe opens its bookstores in shopping malls in order to take advantage of the large number of consumers of shopping malls to sell its books, and it also 43 (able) people to enjoy spending time reading and drinking coffee. In return, bookstores have improved the cultural atmosphere of shopping malls, so 44 is mutually beneficial to have such cooperation.
So far, the government 45 (offer)tax reduction for bookstores to encourage the development of physical bookstores. Perhaps it is early to say the boom of physical bookstores has come, but definitely, we see the turning point to them.
Ⅴ.书面表达（共1题，满分25分）
假定你是李华，你的英国笔友Margaux写信向你询问如何平衡学习和摄影（photography）爱好之间的关系。请你给他写一封回信，内容包括：
1.告知收到来信，得知情况。
2.给出合理建议和理由（两点建议）。
注意：1. 写作词数应为80左右；
2. 可适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。“学考冲冲冲”2023-2024学业水平合格性考试模拟试题（三）
英 语
本试卷共 6页，26 小题，满分 150 分。考试用时 90 分钟。
注意事项: 1.答卷前，考生务必用黑色字迹的钢笔或签字笔将自己的姓名、考生号、考场号和座位号填写在答题卡上。用 2B 笔将试卷类型(B)填涂在答题卡相应位置上。将条形码横贴在答题卡右上角“条形码粘贴处”。 2.选择题每小题选出答案后，用 2B 笔把答题卡上对应题目选项的答案信息点涂黑:如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案。答案不能答在试卷上。 3.非选择题必须用黑色字迹的钢笔或签字笔作答，答案必须写在答题卡各题目指定区域内相应位置上:如需改动，先划掉原来的答案，然后再写上新的答案:不准使用铅笔和涂改液。不按以上要求作答的答案无效。 4.考生必须保持答题卡的整洁。考试结束后，将试卷和答题卡一并交回。
Ⅰ.情景交际（共5小题；每小题3分，满分15分）
阅读下列简短对话；从每题所给 的A、B、C、D项中选出最佳选项；将对话补全。
1. --What’s the noise It sounds as if it comes from upstairs.
--______. It must be the window-cleaner working next door.
A. I’m not sure B. I hope not C. I’d rather not D. I don’t think so
2. -- Her father is very rich.
--______ She wouldn’t accept his help even if it were offered.
A. What for B. No doubt. C. So what D. No wonder.
3.--Do you think you could do without help
--_______. This is not the first time for me.
A. Take care B. Hurry up C. Not exactly D. Don’t worry
4. --Do you think their table tennis team will win the first place at the coming Asian Games
--______. Ours is much stronger than theirs.
A. Of course B. It depends C. Don’t mention it D. By no means
5. --May I open the window to let in some fresh air
--________
A. Come on! B. Take care! C. Go ahead! D. Hold on!
参考答案：
1. D。说话人判断那噪音好像来自楼上，而答话人很肯定地说是隔壁清洁工擦窗户的声音，由此可判断出答话人不同意对方的看法，选I don’t think so，意为“我认为不是这样的”。
2. C。句意：--她父亲非常富裕。--那又怎么样？即使主动给她帮助，她也不会接受的。So what 那又怎么样？What for？干什么用？；No doubt毫无疑问；No wonder 难怪。
3. D。根据后置语境This is not the first time for me可知，答语应表示“没问题，别担心”之意，所以Don’t worry符合语境。
4. D。根据答语的后—句可知答语认为我们的乒乓球队比他们的更强，所以他们的乒乓球队绝不可能在即将到来的亚运会上获得第一名，by no means表示“决不”。It depends 视情况而定；Don’t mention it不客气。
5. C。句意：--我可以开窗户放一些新鲜空气进来吗？--行，做吧！go ahead 可以，干吧，开始，进行。come on (表劝说、鼓励等)来吧，走吧；take care 小心，当心；hold on不挂断电话。
Ⅱ.阅读（共15小题；每小题3分，满分45分）
第一节 阅读下列短文；掌握其大意；然后从每题所给 的A、B、C、D项中选出最佳选项。
A
In a classic episode of The Simpsons, Homer’s class reunion ends in shame when one of Homer’s guilty secrets is exposed: he never graduated from high school. To get his diploma, he must pass a science test. As he sits down to retake the exam, he holds one of his trademark dialogues with his brain. “All right, brain. You don’t like me and I don’t like you. But let’s just do this and I can get back to killing you with beer.”
Many a true word is spoken as a joke. Homer Simpson’s Everyman character really is an Everyman. For most people, engaging in the kind of effortful thinking that is required to pass a science test feels too much like hard work. It is so much easier to quit and let the brain’s autopilot take over.
And no wonder. Evolution has blessed the human brain with all kinds of mental shortcuts that make life manageable. If we had to think about every action or weigh up every decision, we would break down. As a result, certain ideas and modes of thinking come naturally to us, such as effortless thinking.
But at huge cost. Our mental shortcuts work fine at the level of individuals and small-scale societies, but in an increasingly interconnected and globalized world, they are a danger to society. Effortless thinking is at the root of many of the modern world’s most serious problems: terrorism, hatred, inequality and religious extremism. All are caused by people disengaging their critical thinking and going with their gut (非理性的) feeling.
Everybody is capable of gut feeling, but also of critical thinking. Both thinking styles are needed to make the world go round. Unfortunately, the latter requires training that is unavailable or unappealing to many people.
One of the bright spots in 2017 was the start of a movement called the March for Science. Those who believe in the power of science need to keep on marching, or give more power to people who don’t much like their own brains—or other people’s.
6.What does the author want to convey through Homer’s story
A. Feeling is very important.
B. Drinking beer is harmful to one’s brain.
C. High school seniors should work hard.
D. Most people hate effortful thinking like Homer.
7.How do you read between the lines of the underlined sentence according to the passage
A. Most people would rather tell jokes than tell the truth.
B. Most people don’t want to toil through scientific tests.
C. Most people would love to have their brains controlled by a pilot.
D. Most people like Simpson’s ordinary character are willing to think simple.
8.What is the fourth paragraph mainly about
A. Our mental shortcuts function well.
B. Effortless thinking is expensive for people.
C. Effortless thinking is dangerous to society.
D. People prefer effortless thinking to critical thinking.
9.What does the author think of critical thinking
A. It makes the world go round.
B. It needs necessary training.
C. It works fine at the level of personal affairs.
D. It leads to the March for Science in 2017.
10.What is the best title for the text
A. Critical Thinking Is Urgently Needed
B. Effortless Thinking Is Out of Date
C. We Need to March Towards Science
D. Thinking Contributes to Social Problems
参考答案:
(6) D.推理判断题。根据第二段Homer Simpson's Everyman character really is an Every man. For most people，engaging in the kind of effortful thinking that is required to pass a science test feels too much like hard-work.(荷马·辛普森饰演的普通人真的是普通人。对大多数人来说，为了通过科学考试而进行的那种费力的思考感觉太辛苦了。) 可知作者想通过荷马的故事说明大多数人像荷马样讨厌像费力的思考。故选D。
(7) D词句猜测题。根据第二段Homer Simpson's Everyman character really is an Every man. For most people，engaging in the kind of effortful thinking that is required to pass a science test feels too much like hard-work.(荷马·辛普森饰演的普通人真的是普通人。对大多数人来说，从事那种通过科学考试所需的轻松思考，感觉太像是艰苦的工作。)可知，划线句子想要表达的意思是"像辛普森这样平凡的人物都愿意简单地思考”。故选D
(8) C.段落大意题。根据第四段But at huge cost. Our mental shortcuts work fine at the level of individuals and small-scale societies，but in an increasingly interconnected and globalized world，they are a danger to society. Effortless thinking is at the root of many of the modern world's most serious problems: terrorism，hatred inequality and religious extremism.(但代价是巨大的。我们的思维捷径在个人和小规模社会的水平上运行良好，但在一个日益相互联系和全球化的世界中，它们对社会是一种危险。毫不费力的思考是当今世界许多最严重问题的根源: 恐怖主义、仇恨、不平等和宗教极端主)可知，第四段主要是关于毫不费力的思考对社会是危险的。故选C。
(9) B.推理判断题。根据第五段Unfortunately，the latter requires training that is unavailable or unappealing to many people.(不幸的是，后者需要的培训对许多人来说是不可能或没有吸引力的。) 可知，作者认为批判性思维需要进行一些必要的培训。故选B
(10)标题归纳题。people，engaging in the kind of effortful thinking that is required to pass a science test feels too much like hard work. (对大多数人来说，从事那种通过科学考试所需的轻松思考，感觉太像是艰苦的工作。) 第四段Effortless thinking is at the root of many of the modern world's most serious problems terrorism，hatred，inequality and religious extremism.(毫不费力的思考是当今世界许多最严重问题的根源: 恐怖主义、仇恨、不平等和宗教极端主义。)可知，本文主要介绍了现在多数人不喜欢批判性思维，即理性思维，而当今世界一些严重问题的根源在于人们缺乏理性思维。可知，A. Critical Thinking Is Urgently Needed.(批判性思维迫切被需要) 适合作文章最佳标题。故选A
B
It’s no secret that spring is now starting earlier, but exactly how, why and where this is happening are much more complex questions. Spending 50 years in observing some insects, like aphids, moths and butterflies, as well as birds in the UK, a group of researchers, led by Dr James Bell of the Rothamsted Insect Survey, have tried to answer some of these questions.
On the one hand, the results confirm current understanding. They reveal that aphids, moths and butterflies are now flying much earlier than in the mid-20th century and that birds are laying eggs earlier. However, this early awakening isn’t uniform across species and the degree of change varies depending on the location and habitat. As a result, the researchers have learned that wildlife may fail to match the life cycles of other species that they rely on for food.
Some of this variation is related to differences in the species themselves—moths, which turn from caterpillars to flying adults early in the year, seem to be more responsive to climate change than those which change later. In other cases, the geographical location is key. Spring activity generally occurs later in the north of the country, though the specifics vary from species to species.
In addition, the study also finds that woodland habitats, which are thought to offer animals a more stable climate, and which researchers hoped might present a “buffer (缓冲)” to climate change, did not appear to do so. It is this finding in particular that concerns scientists. “We should have seen some sort of buffer offered by the woodland that would protect wildlife against the rises in temperature, but actually we didn’t see that,” explains Dr Bell. “We have to guess that even though woodlands have stable micro-climates, they too are advancing at the same rate. Though the researchers will carry out further research to establish exactly why this is the case, the all-along outcome is very clear: all species are now at greater risk than previously thought.”
11.What did the researchers try to answer in their study
A.Which species can sense spring very early
B.Is spring coming much earlier now
C.What is the detailed information about early spring
D.What is people’s common understanding of early spring
12.According to the researchers, what might be the result of early awakening
A.The increased chance of insects being eaten.
B.The change in some birds’ egg-laying habits.
C.The loss of some species’ natural habitat.
D.The break in some wildlife’s food chain.
13.In Paragraph 3, the author mainly talks about .
A.the reasons for some species’ early awakening
B.species’ responses to climate change
C.the influences brought by early spring
D.the distribution of species in the UK
14.What do we know about the woodland habitats
A.They’ve failed to work as expected.
B.They’re now in quite severe conditions.
C.They’ve been less affected by climate change.
D.They’re widely distributed throughout the UK.
15.What does Dr Bell think of the result of their research
A.Desired. B.Worrying. C.Beneficial. D.Encouraging.
参考答案：
(1) C.细节理解题。根据第一段的It's no secret that spring is now starting earlier but exactly how，why and where this is happening are much more complex questions. Using 50 years observations of butterflies，as well as birds in the UK，a group of researchers，led by Dr James Bellof the Rothamsted insect Survey， has tried to answer some of these questions. (众所周知，春天开始得更早了，但究竟是如何、为什么以及在哪里发生的，则是更复杂的问题。在英国，通过对蚜虫、飞城、蝴蝶以及鸟类等昆虫50年的观察，由洛桑研究所昆虫调查小组的詹姆斯，贝尔博士领导的一组研究人员试图回答其中的一些问题。)可知，研究人员在他们的研究中试图回答早春的详细信息是什么。故选C。
(12) D.细节理解题。根据第二段的As a result，the researchers have waned that wildlife may fail to match the life cycles of other species that they rely on for food.(因此，研究人员逐渐意识到，野生动物可能无法跟上它们赖以为生的其他物种的生命周期。可知，根据研究人员的说法，早醒的结果可能是一些野生动物食物链的断裂。故选D
(13) A段落大意题。根据第三段的Some of this variation is related to differences in the species themselves-moths，which turn from caterpillars to flying adults early in the year，seem to be more responsive to climate change than those which change later， in other cases，the geographic a location is key.(其中一些变化与物种本身的差异有关蛾子在年初从毛虫转变为会飞的成虫，它们对气候变化的反应似乎比晚些时候更迅速。在其他情况下，地理位置是关键。) 可知，在第三段，作者主要谈论一些物种早醒的原因。故选A。
(14)A细节理解题。根据最后一段的In addition，the study also finds that woodland habitats，which are thought to offer animals a more stable climate，and which researchers hoped might present a "buffer "to climate change，did not appear to do so.(此外，该研究还发现，被认为可以为动物提供更稳定气候的林地栖息地，以及研究人员希望能够为气候变化提供一个“缓冲”的地方，似乎并没有起到这样的作用。) 可知林地栖息地没有像预期的那样起作用。故选A。
(15) B.观点态度题。根据最后一段的the all along outcome is very clear: all species are now at greater risk than previously thought(但所有的结果都非常清楚:所有物种现在都面临着比以前认为的更大的风险) 可知，贝尔博士认为他们的研究结果令人担心。A.D esired渴望的;B. Worrying令人担心的C. Beneficial有益的;D. Encouraging鼓舞人心的。故选B。
第二节 阅读下列短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项
The Rock Art of Tsodilo Hills
One of the earliest kinds of art was rock art, which can be found in many different countries in Africa. 16 The rocks in Botswana's Tsodilo Hills are decorated (装饰) with rock art. Tsodilo Hills are rocky caves(洞穴) in the Kalahari Desert(沙漠).Scientists believe that people have been living in Tsodilo Hills for more than 100,000 years. During this time, people left drawings on the rocks. 17
Animals and hunting (打猎) are the main subjects of these rock drawings. For example, one of the most famous caves in Tsodilo Hills is called Rhino(犀生)Cave. On the walls of this cave, there is a painting of a white rhino. 18 These two animals were not drawn by the same artist, however. Scientists believe that the white rhino was painted by the Bantu people, and that the red giraffe was painted by the San people. 19
Tsodilo Hills have the most rock paintings in the world. Scientists believe that many people drew on the rocks because Tsodilo Hills protected them from the Kalahari Desert, which was hot and dry. 20 Many different groups of people made these rocky caves their homes. On the rocks, they made art. This rock art now brings many tourists to Botswana. Would you like to visit Tsodilo Hills to see the rock paintings
A. In Botswana there are over 4,300 rock paintings from thousands of years ago. B. The caves in Tsodilo Hills gave them a break from the desert's extreme weather. C. There is also a painting of a red giraffe right next to the rhino. D. These drawings provide information about what life was like in the past. E. The Rhino Cave shows the two cultural groups had lived in Tsodilo Hills.
参考答案：
本文是说明文。文章介绍了位于非洲国家博茨瓦纳的措迪洛山中的岩石艺术。
16. A。本空上句介绍了最早的一种艺术是岩石艺术，它在非洲许多国家都能找到，A项承接上文，表明在博茨瓦纳有4,300多幅几千年前的岩画，引出下文对该国的措迪洛山中的岩石艺术的介绍。A项中的Botswana和rock paintings分别与本空下句中的Botswana和rock art相照应。
17. D。本空上文提到科学家认为，人们在措迪洛山生活了十多万年，在这期间他们在岩石上留下了图画，D项说明这些图画为我们了解过去的生活提供了信息，指出了这些图画的历史价值，符合语境。D项中的These drawings指代本空前的drawings，in the past与本空前的for more than 100,000 years和During this time相照应。
18. C。本空上句提到在犀牛洞穴的墙壁上有一幅白犀牛的画，C项指出在这头犀牛旁边还画着一只红色长颈鹿，这两句都是介绍犀牛洞穴的壁画的内容。C项与本空上句都用了“there be ...”句式，C项中的also a painting of a red giraffe right next to the rhino与本空上句中的a painting of a white rhino相照应。
19. E。本空上句提到科学家认为，白犀牛是班图人（Bantu）画的，红长颈鹿是桑人（San）画的，由此推断，犀牛洞穴中的壁画表明这两个种族群体曾经生活在措迪洛山，E项符合语境。E项中的the two cultural groups指代本空上句中的the Bantu people和the San people。
20. B。本空上句提到科学家认为，许多人在岩石上作画是因为措迪洛山保护他们免受卡拉哈里沙漠的影响，他们对这座山心存敬畏。B项说明措迪洛山的洞穴让他们躲避沙漠里的极端天气，进一步解释了洞穴的重要意义和人们创作岩画的原因。B项中的gave them a break from the desert's extreme weather与本空上句中的protected them from the Kalahari Desert, which was hot and dry相照应。
Ⅲ.完形填空（共15小题；每小题3分，满分45分）
阅读下列短文；掌握其大意；然后从每题所给 的A、B、C、D项中选出最佳选项。
I told the woman at the local stable (马厩) I only wanted to sit on a horse. It was to be a celebration of my sixty-fifth birthday. I wanted to ____21____ the special day by trying something new, something outside my ____22____.
She said I’d have to take a ____23____.
On the following Saturday morning, I ____24____ at the stable nervously. I began to ____25____: is this really a good idea
Nancy, my teacher, walked over to say hello to me. The horse, whose reins (缰绳) she held, was ____26____ as Lightning.
I planned to stand on a box and ____27____ the horse. Nancy felt it was ____28____ to use a stirrup (马镫). So, I tried. Once, twice, no luck. I was still on the ____29____, wet through from all the hard work and great _____30_____. Once again, I wanted to give up. Then, in a magic moment, I _____31_____. But I hadn’t expected I’d be up so high! Worried about falling off, sweat (汗水) poured down my face. But I was _____32_____—I got my wish. Now, let me be. But, no, Nancy told me to move. She called out _____33_____, “You can do it!” We did move, twice.
When I finally got off the horse, I hugged (拥抱) Nancy and Lightning _____34_____. What I took into my heart was a powerful experience of having a wish and making it _____35_____. I’m so glad I did!
21. A. mark B. end C. change D. keep
22. A. wish B. responsibility C. experience D. understanding
23. A. break B. lesson C. breath D. chance
24. A. appeared B. slept C. played D. pointed
25. A. explain B. notice C. realize D. doubt
26. A. imagined B. introduced C. considered D. treated
27. A. get on B. look after C. talk to D. deal with
28. A. impossible B. important C. popular D. polite
29. A. horse B. rock C. box D. road
30. A. surprise B. joy C. pride D. nervousness
31. A. fell B. accepted C. quit D. succeeded
32. A. bored B. satisfied C. quiet D. serious
33. A. encouragement B. decision C. impression D. excuse
34. A. carefully B. confidently C. excitedly D. wisely
35. A. right B. clear C. true D. easy
参考答案：
21. A 22. C 23. B 24. A 25. D 26. B 27. A 28. B 29. C 30. D 31. D 32. B 33. A 34. C 35. C
这是一篇记叙文。作者介绍了自己在六十五岁生日这天做了一件从未经历过的事情——骑马。
21.考查动词词义辨析。句意：为了纪念这个特殊的日子，我想尝试一些新的东西，一些我没有经历过的东西。A. mark标记；纪念；B. end结束；C. change改变；变化；D. keep保持。根据上文“ to be a celebration of my sixty-fifth birthday”推知，我想做一件特殊的事情来纪念这个特殊的日子，使这个日子突出。mark可表示“纪念”。故选A项。
22.考查名词词义辨析。句意：为了纪念这个特殊的日子，我想尝试一些新的东西，一些我没有经历过的东西。A. wish愿望；祝福；B. responsibility责任；C. experience经历；D. understanding理解。根据“something new”可知，此处指从未经历过的事情。故选C项。
23.考查名词词义辨析。句意：她说我得去上一节课。A. break休息；B. lesson课；教训；C. breath呼吸；D. chance机会。根据下文“Nancy, my teacher, walked over to say hello to me. ”推知，我需要去上一节与骑马有关的课。故选B项。
24.考查动词词义辨析。句意：在接下来的星期六早上，我紧张地出现在马厩里。A. appeared出现；B. slept睡觉；C. played玩；演奏；D. pointed指。根据下文“ The horse, whose reins (缰绳) she held”可知，我出现在马厩。故选A项。
25.考查动词词义辨析。句意：我开始怀疑:这真的是个好主意吗 A. explain解释，讲解；B. notice注意到；C. realize意识到；D. doubt怀疑。根据上文“ nervously”和“ is this really a good idea ”可知，我怀疑骑马这个主意是否是个好主意。故选D项。
26.考查动词词义辨析。句意：她牵着缰绳的那匹马被介绍为“闪电”。A. imagined想像；B. introduced介绍；C. considered考虑；认为；D. treated对待；治疗；款待。根据上文“I wanted to the special day by trying something new, something outside my .”可知，我从来没骑过马，因此没有接触过这匹马，不认识，所以老师向我介绍这匹马，告诉我马的名字。故选B项。
27.考查动词短语辨析。句意：我打算站在一个箱子上，然后骑上马。A. get on上去，登上；B. look after照顾；C. talk to谈话；交谈；D. deal with处理；应对。根据下文“ to use a stirrup (马镫).”推知，这里指我想站在箱子上，然后骑到马背上去。故选A项。
28.考查形容词词义辨析。句意：南希觉得用马镫很重要。A. impossible不可能的；B. important重要的；C. popular流行的；D. polite有礼貌的。根据上文“I planned to stand on a box ”推知，南希认为使用马镫很重要，不然我可能无法骑上马背。故选B项。
29.考查名词词义辨析。句意：我仍然在箱子上，因为辛苦工作和极度紧张而浑身湿透。A. horse马；B. rock岩石；C. box箱子，盒子；D. road路。根据上文“I planned to stand on a box”可知，我上马还没成功，极度紧张浑身冒汗，却还是站在箱子上。故选C项。
30.考查名词词义辨析。句意：我仍然在箱子上，因为辛苦工作和极度紧张而浑身湿透。A. surprise惊讶；B. joy快乐；C. pride骄傲，自豪；D. nervousness紧张。根据上文“Once, twice, no luck.”推知，我浑身出汗湿透的原因一方面是累的，一方面应该是两次失败导致的紧张。故选D项。
31.考查动词词义辨析。句意：然后，在一个神奇的时刻，我成功了。A. fell落下；B. accepted接受；C. quit停止；辞去；离开；D. succeeded成功。根据前一句中的“magic(神奇的，奇迹的)”及下一句“But I hadn’t expected I’d be up so high!(我从未想过我这么高)”可知，我已成功登上了马背。故选D项。
32.考查形容词词义辨析。句意：但我很满意——我实现了我的愿望。A. bored厌倦的；B. satisfied满意的；C. quiet安静的；D. serious严肃的；严重的。根据上文“Worried about falling off, sweat (汗水) poured down my face.”和表示转折关系的but可知，虽然紧张流汗，但我实现了骑上马背的愿望，感到满意。故选B项。
33.考查名词词义辨析。句意：她大声鼓励：“你能行的!”A. encouragement鼓励；B. decision决定；C. impression印象；D. excuse借口，理由。“You can do it”是对我的鼓励，鼓励我向前移动。故选A项。
34.考查副词词义辨析。句意：当我终于下马时，我兴奋地拥抱了南希和闪电。A. carefully认真地，仔细地；B. confidently自信地；C. excitedly兴奋地；D. wisely明智地。根据上文“We did move, twice.”可知，我骑上了马背并且还能骑马向前，我是很兴奋的，拥抱老师和马是表示兴奋与感谢。故选C项。
35.考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我铭记在心的是一种强烈的愿望并使之实现的经历。A. right正确的；B. clear清晰的；C. true真实的；D. easy容易的。此处为我的感悟：有梦想(wish)，就去实现它(make it true)。make something true指实现，使成真，符合语境。故选C项。
Ⅳ.语法填空（共10小题；每小题2分，满分20分）
阅读下列短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
In the past few years, more than half of the bookstores in China have closed down, 36 is the result of the 37 (compete) from online bookstores. But the success of Sisyphe Bookstore, one of the 38 (big) privately-owned bookstore chains in China, may serve 39 a great example.
40 (found) in 1993, Sisyphe started to transform and upgrade its business in 2009 to seek its profitability. Now, it not only devotes itself to 41 (sell)books, but combines the functions of bookstores, cafes and the sale of 42 (create)cultural products. Sisyphe opens its bookstores in shopping malls in order to take advantage of the large number of consumers of shopping malls to sell its books, and it also 43 (able) people to enjoy spending time reading and drinking coffee. In return, bookstores have improved the cultural atmosphere of shopping malls, so 44 is mutually beneficial to have such cooperation.
So far, the government 45 (offer)tax reduction for bookstores to encourage the development of physical bookstores. Perhaps it is early to say the boom of physical bookstores has come, but definitely, we see the turning point to them.
参考答案：
本文为说明文。由于与网上书店的竞争,中国过半的(实体)书店都倒闭了,但是一家名为西西弗的连锁书店通过改造升级自己的业务获得了成功。
36.which 句意:在过去的几年中,中国半数以上的(实体)书店都倒闭了,这是与网上书店竞争的结果。 根据设空处前的逗号可知本题考查非限制性定语从句。先行词为前面的整个句子,将先行词代入定语从句后可知先行词在定语从句中作主语且先行词指“事”,故填which。
petition 考查名词。根据设空处前的定冠词the及设空处后作定语的介词短语from online bookstores可知设空处填名词;compete的名词形式为competition。competition作“竞争”讲为不可数名词。
38.biggest 句意:但是,西西弗书店是中国最大的私有连锁书店之一,它的成功也许可以作为一个非常棒的实例。考查形容词的比较等级。“one of+the+形容词的最高级+名词复数”表示:最……的……之一,故填biggest。
39.as 考查动词短语。 serve as 意为:充当,担任。
40.Founded 句意:西西弗书店成立于1993年。为了寻求利润,西西弗书店在2009年就开始了对它的业务进行升级改造。考查非谓语动词作状语。主语Sisyphe与found“创立,建立”为逻辑上的被动关系,且设空处表示完成。故用过去分词founded作状语。
41.selling 句意:现在,它不仅专注于销售图书,而且还把书店和咖啡屋的功能与创意性文化产品的售卖相结合。动词短语devote...to(致力于)中的to为介词,后加名词或动名词作宾语;根据提示词sell可知设空处填动名词selling。
42.creative 考查形容词。设空处与形容词cultural共同修饰名词products,意为“有创意性的”,故填creative。
43.enables 句意:西西弗在购物中心开设书店,其目的是利用购物中心巨大的客流量来销售图书,同时它也使得人们能够花费时间享受阅读和喝咖啡。设空处作谓语,本句介绍的是西西弗书店的经营方式,故用一般现在时;主语it为第三人称单数,故填enables。
44.it 句意:作为回报,书店提升了购物中心的文化氛围,所以这样的合作是双赢的。本句的真正的主语为to have such cooperation,设空处作形式主语,故答案为it。
45.has offered 句意:到目前为止,政府已经为书店提供了减税,从而鼓励实体书店的发展。考查动词时态。根据时间状语so far“(到目前为止)”可知用现在完成时,故答案为has offered。
Ⅴ.书面表达（共1题，满分25分）
假定你是李华，你的英国笔友Margaux写信向你询问如何平衡学习和摄影（photography）爱好之间的关系。请你给他写一封回信，内容包括：
1.告知收到来信，得知情况。
2.给出合理建议和理由（两点建议）。
注意：1. 写作词数应为80左右；
2. 可适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。
参考答案：
Dear Margaux,
I heard that you love photography but have been struggling to balance your study. I’m glad to offer my advice!
First of all, list all the things you need to do in order of importance. Thus, more free time can be saved for your photography. Additionally, on the weekends, you’d better spend less time on meaningless events, taking part in some activities concerning photography instead.
I wish my advice would be of some help to you. I’m sure you can find a balance between your study and photography.
Yours sincerely,
Li Hua
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