高中试卷答案网青岛二中2023-2024学年第一学期期中考试
高二试题(英语)
考试时间：120分钟试卷满分：150分
第一部分听力(共两节20小题，每小题1.5分，满分30分)
第一节(共5小题;每小题1.5分，满分7.5分)
听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。
1. What is the woman doing
A. Driving B. Running C. Climbing.
2. What has the man bought
A. An English workbook B. A math workbook C. A biology workbook.
3. Who has been ill
A. Bill B. Tim C. Betty.
4. What is the relationship between the speakers
A. Mother and son B. Hostess and guest. C. Waitress and customer.
5. What will the man do tonight
A. Watch the soccer game. B. Talk with his brother. C. Have a basketball game.
第二节(共15小题;每小题1.5分，满分22.5分)
听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟;听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。
听下面一段材料，回答第6和第7两个小题。
6. Which place shall the woman first get to
A. London Street B. The cinema. C. Wal-Mart.
7. What can we know about the man
A. He is a native
B. He is very helpful
C. He lost his way to the Customs Office
听下面一段材料，回答第8至第10三个小题。
8. What happens to the woman
A. She suffers from sleeplessness.
B. Her medicine has side effects
C. She often forgets things.
9. What causes the woman’s problem
A. Looking after kids B. The housework C. The project work
10. What does the man suggest the woman do
A. Make a plan for life B. Consult her assistant. C. Take a vacation
听下面一段材料，回答第11至第13三个小题。
11. What time was Betty supposed to show up
A. At 6: 30 p.m. B. At 7: 00 p.m. C. At7:30p.m
12. Why was Betty late
A. Her office was far away
B. The bus she took broke down
C. She met with traffic jam
13. What is the man like
A. Brave B. Hardworking C. Understanding
听下面一段材料，回答第14至第16三个小题。
14. Why did Sally delay her college education
A. She had some health problems
B. She couldn’t afford it
C. Nobody was willing to support her.
15. What job did Sally take
A. A bus conductor. B. A shoemaker C. A shop assistant
16. How did Sally find her friend’s college life
A. Wonderful B. Challenging C. Hard
听下面一段材料，回答第17至第20四个小题。
17. Why did the man go to the class earlier
A. To take a front seat
B. To learn a few more names.
C. To finish his school work
18. Who did the man introduce his name to
A. His teacher B. Two young women. C. Al his classmates
19. What can we know about the man
A. He is in a familiar culture
B. He has no trouble with English
C. He is a student from China
20. What does the man mainly talk about
A. Exchange students
B. First impression
C. Language problems
第二部分阅读(共两节，满分50分)
第一节(共15小题;每小题2.5分，满分37.5分)
阅读下列短文，从每题所给A、B、C、D的四个选项中选出最佳选项。
A
Down House, home of Charles Darwin:
Fun fact
Charles Darwin, his wife, Emma, and their children lived at Down House for 40 years from 1838. Several rooms appear as if the family still live here: with croquet sets thrown into an under-stairs cupboard, a half-played game of backgammon on a side table and Emma’s knitting(毛线) left on a chair in the drawing room. Upstairs, an exhibition showcases Darwin’s voyage aboard HMS Beagle, including a reconstruction of his cabin. Outside, visitors can explore the sheltered gardens which Darwin used as an open-air laboratory, and the greenhouse in which he planted rare plants and devised botanical experiments.
No room at Down House escaped Darwin’s experiments. In the drawing room he once placed a jar of earthworms on the grand piano to see whether they could hear.
Getting there
A 15-minute drive from the A21/Farnborough. Free parking. The R8 bus from Orpington stops nearby (except Sundays) or the 146 bus from Bromley North and South terminates (终点站) in Downe village, half a mile from the property. The nearest railway stations are Chelsfield or Orpington, about four miles away.
Value for money
It’s ￡12 (adult), ￡7.20 (child), or ￡31.30 (family with 2 adults). Under 5s go free.
Opening hours
Open daily 10am-6pm from 30 March to 30 September; daily 10 a.m. — 5 p.m. between 1 to 31 October. Opening times vary through the winter (check website for details).
Verdict(评价)
8/10. An unstuffy educational, gentle day-trip attraction with friendly, knowledgeable staff.
1. What can visitors do in Down House
A. Play the grand piano. B. Set sail in HMS Beagle.
C. Explore Darwin’s work and life. D. Try food sourced from the garden.
2. How much would a couple with their 4-year-old twin sons pay for admission
A. ￡38.40. B. ￡26.20. C. ￡31.30. D. ￡24.
3. What do we know about Down House
A. It is highly thought of. B. It charges parking fees.
C. It has fixed opening hours. D. It is inconveniently located.
【答案】1. C 2. D 3. A
【解析】
【导语】本篇是应用文。文章主要介绍了参观达尔文故居的情况。
【1题详解】
细节理解题。根据Fun fact部分中“Outside, visitors can explore the sheltered gardens which Darwin used as an open-air laboratory, and the greenhouse in which he planted rare plants and devised botanical experiments.(在外面，游客可以探索达尔文用作露天实验室的遮蔽花园，以及他种植稀有植物和设计植物学实验的温室)”可知，游客在这里可以探索了解达尔文当年的工作生活情况，故选C。
【2题详解】
细节理解题。根据Value for money部分中“It’s ￡12 (adult), ￡7.20 (child), or ￡31.30 (family with 2 adults). Under 5s go free.(成人￡12，儿童￡7.20，或￡31.30（一个有2个成年人的家庭）。5岁以下免费)”可知，四岁孩子不要钱，父母带两个四岁孩子的最优惠价格是12+12=24英镑，故选D。
【3题详解】
细节理解题。根据Verdict部分“8/10. An unstuffy educational, gentle day-trip attraction with friendly, knowledgeable staff.(8/10。一个充满教育气息、温和的一日游景点，拥有友好、知识渊博的工作人员)”可知该处景点评价很高，故选A。
B
Ida Nelson was relaxing herself in her sister’s sauna (桑拿室) when she heard the sound of a small airplane circling the nearby airport.
It was 11: 30 at night in a remote village with a population of 70 and, as she told the newspaper reporter, Any time a plane flies over that late, you know something is wrong. Nelson and her sister leaped out of the sauna, ran to the window, and saw the problem-the airport’s runway lights were out. Nelson threw on some clothes, jumped into her jeep, and floored it to the airport, where she found a local pilot trying to turn on the lights manually.
Normally, if you push the button 10 or 15 times, the lights will just light up, Nelson told the reporter. Not this time. Meanwhile, she and the pilot learned of the plane’s exigent mission - it was a helicopter there to transport a seriously ill local girl, to the nearest hospital, 280 miles away in another city.
Nelson had a plan. Driving her jeep to the end of the runway, she shone her headlights on the road for the plane to follow. Great idea, but it wasn’t enough. More light was needed so a neighbor called nearly every home in the village 32 of them.
Within 20 minutes, 20 vehicles arrived at the airport, many of the drivers still in pajamas. Following directions from the helicopter pilot, the cars lined up on one side of the runway. The helicopter made its final approach and, guided by the headlights, landed safely. The young patient was loaded onto the aircraft, and the plane immediately took off again Her illness was never publicly known, but she has since been recovered.
Without them, the girl might not have made it. However, for Nelson, it was only a small deed.
4. What problem did the helicopter encounter
A. Its lights went out by accident
B. It made noise as it ran out of fuel
C. It could not land safely in darkness.
D. It didn’t arrive at the scheduled time
5. What does the underlined word exigent in paragraph 3 probably mean
A. impossible B. unique C. intense D. urgent
6. What can we conclude from the passage
A. The girl has been in the hospital since her illness was reported.
B. The creative thought and the sense of duty of Nelson led to the final landing.
C. The helicopter was to transport the girl from the local hospital to another one.
D. The villagers gathered so quickly because they were awake and ready to help.
7. What does this passage want to tell the readers
A. No way is impossible to courage.
B. A friend in need is a friend indeed
C. A small act of kindness makes a big difference.
D. Where there is a wisdom. there is effectiveness.
【答案】4. C 5. D 6. B 7. C
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇记叙文，文章主要讲述了Ida Nelson在晚上蒸桑拿时听见有飞机发出不正常的声音，出去后才发现机场跑道的灯灭了，导致一架空运救护飞机无法降落去救助一位病重的女孩，于是Ida Nelson和周围的村民们用车灯指引飞机降落并起飞，最后小女孩得到医治并顺利出院，文章告诉我们有时候小举动汇集起来也能帮助解决困难。
【4题详解】
细节理解题。根据第二段中“Nelson and her sister leaped out of the sauna, ran to the window, and saw the problem-the airport’s runway lights were out. (Nelson和她的妹妹跳出桑拿房，跑到窗前，看到了问题——机场跑道上的灯灭了)”和倒数第二段中“The helicopter made its final approach and, guided by the headlights, landed safely.(直升机做了最后的降落，在前灯的指引下安全着陆)”可知，机场跑道的灯灭了，所以直升机无法在夜间找到跑道的位置。故选C。
【5题详解】
词句猜测题。根据划线词后“it was a helicopter there to transport a seriously ill local girl, to the nearest hospital, 280 miles away in another city. (这是一架直升机，用来运送一名重病的当地女孩，去280英里外的另一个城市最近的医院。)”可知，直升机的任务是用来运送一名重病的当地女孩，去280英里外的另一个城市最近的医院，因此该飞机执行的是很紧急的任务，故划线与D选项“urgent(紧急的，迫切的)”为同义词。故选D。
【6题详解】
推理判断题。根据第四段“Nelson had a plan. Driving her jeep to the end of the runway, she shone her headlights on the road for the plane to follow. Great idea, but it wasn’t enough. More light was needed so a neighbor called nearly every home in the village 32 of them. (Nelson有一个计划。她把吉普车开到跑道尽头，把车灯照在路上，让飞机跟着。好主意，但这还不够。因为需要更多的光线，所以一个邻居几乎给村里的每户人家打了电话——一共32户)”和第五段中“Within 20 minutes, 20 vehicles arrived at the airport, many of the drivers still in pajamas. Following directions from the helicopter pilot, the cars lined up on one side of the runway. The helicopter made its final approach and, guided by the headlights, landed safely. (20分钟内，20辆车抵达机场，许多司机还穿着睡衣。按照直升机驾驶员的指示，汽车在跑道的一侧排成一排。直升机做了最后的降落，在前灯的指引下安全着陆。)”可知，Nelson想出在跑道上闪耀车灯来指引直升机降落的主意，并和众多邻居一起使得直升机安全降落，故是Nelson这个有创意的想法和责任心使得直升机安全降落。故选B。
【7题详解】
推理判断题。根据最后一段中“Without them, the girl might not have made it. However, for Nelson, it was only a small deed. (如果没有他们，这个女孩可能不会成功。然而，对Nelson来说，这只是一件小事。)”可知，Nelson的一个小小的举动阻止了一起事故同时也及时地拯救了一位女孩。故本文想要告诉我们小小的善举也会产生重大影响。故选C。
C
All human languages use vowels and consonants to express ideas. Most primates (灵长类) communicate almost using vowel-like calls, but non-human great apes, like chimpanzees, produce consonant-like sounds to varying degrees, This raises the question of where consonants came from, says Adriano Lameira at the University of Warwick. To find it out, he studied existing literature to see how common consonants are among the great apes.
He found that orangutans (猩猩), which spend most of their time in the trees: produce a greater number and variety of consonant sounds than gorillas and chimpanzees living. on the ground. “Orangutans have rich sounds like kiss sounds, scrapes and clicks.” says Lameira. hey typically use these sounds while building nests or commencing with their young.
Lameira thinks that living in the trees may explain that Great apes are experts at processing protected foods. Like nuts, which often requires tools. While living in trees however, orangutans must always use at least one arm to maintain stability. They have therefore developed more complex control of their lips, tongues and jaws, allowing them to use their mouths as a “fifth limb” orangutans can peel oranges just with lips, for example.
This advanced motor skill enables orangutans make consonant-like sounds, argues Lameira. This could mean, that our early ancestors developed consonant sounds while hanging around in the trees, too. “ There’s a growing sense that our dependency on trees was much larger and deeper than we think,” says Lameira.
The link between feeding and sounds doesn’t apply to smaller tree-living primates like monkeys, argues Lameira, because their size and tails make them more stable on branches and they eat differently
“This is an interesting assumption worth testing,” says Chris Petkov at Newcastle University, though he questions some aspects. As humans aren’t tree living, there must be other reasons why consonants remain, which could be tested by characterising consonant-like sounds more systematically across species, he says
8. What does the underlined word “it” in paragraph 1 refer to
A. Why vowels and consonants are used
B. What ideas the consonants express.
C. How common the consonants are.
D. Where the consonants came from
9. What fact can support Adriano Lamerica’s assumption about orangutans
A. They build nests with their young.
B. They are skillful in employing tools
C. They gain advanced motor skill of mouths
D. They show stability in controlling arms.
10. What can we infer from Adriano Lameira’s findings
A. Monkeys differ from orangutans in eating habits.
B. Our ancestors depended more on trees than believed.
C. Consonant sounds were made by our earliest, ancestors.
D. The link between feeding and sounds applies to monkeys
11. What is Chris Petkov’s attitude to Adriano Lameira’s assumption
A. Confident B. Cautious C. Opposed D. Puzzled
【答案】8. D 9. C 10. B 11. B
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇说明文，主要讲的是研究者发现大部分时间生活在树上的猩猩比生活在地面上的大猩猩和黑猩猩发出的辅音数量和种类都要多。
【8题详解】
词句猜测题。根据第一段的“This raises the question of where consonants came from(这就提出了辅音从何而来的问题)”和“he studied existing literature to see how common consonants are among the great apes(他研究了现存的文献，想看看类人猿的辅音有多普遍)”可知，Adriano Lameira是为了发现辅音从何而来，it指的是“辅音来自哪里”，故选D。
【9题详解】
细节理解题。根据第三段的“While living in trees, however, orangutans must always use at least one arm to maintain stability. They have therefore developed more complex control of their lips, tongues and jaws, allowing them to use their mouths as a “fifth limb” orangutans can peel oranges just with lips, for example.(然而，当生活在树上时，猩猩必须至少使用一只手臂来保持稳定。因此，它们已经发展出对嘴唇、舌头和下颚的更复杂的控制，使它们能够把嘴作为“第五肢”来使用，例如，猩猩只用嘴唇就能剥橙子。)”和第四段的“This advanced motor skill enables orangutans make consonant-like sounds, argues Lameira.(拉米拉认为，这种先进的运动技能使猩猩能够发出类似辅音的声音。)”可知，支持Adriano Lameira关于猩猩的假设的是他们获得了高级的嘴巴运动技能，故选C。
【10题详解】
推理判断题。根据倒数第三段的“This could mean that our early ancestors developed consonant sounds while hanging around in the trees, too. “There’s a growing sense that our dependency on trees was much larger and deeper than we think,” says Lameira.(这可能意味着我们的早期祖先在树上闲逛时也学会了辅音。Lameira说：“人们越来越意识到，我们对树木的依赖比我们想象的要大得多，也要深得多。”)”可知，从这项发现可知，我们的祖先比人们想象的更依赖树木，故选B。
【11题详解】
推理判断题。根据最后一段的““This is an interesting assumption worth testing,” says Chris Petkov at Newcastle University, though he questions some aspects. As humans aren’t tree-living, there must be other reasons why consonants remain, which could be tested by characterising consonant-like sounds more systematically across species, he says.(“这是一个值得检验的有趣假设，”Newcastle大学的Chris Petkov说，尽管他对某些方面提出了质疑。他说，由于人类不是在树上生活的，所以辅音保留下来一定有其他原因，这可以通过在不同物种之间更系统地描述类似辅音的声音来验证。)”可知，从Chris Petkov的评论可知，对Adriano Lameira的假设的态度是谨慎的，故选B。
D
People who sleep fewer than six hours a night are more likely to die early, researchers in University of Warwick have found in a recent study. They discovered that people who slept for less than six hours each night were 12% more likely to die before the age of 65 than those who slept the recommended six to eight hours a night
The researchers pointed out that previous studies had shown that the lack of sleep was associated with problems like heart disease and high blood pressure. However, the researchers also found that sleeping too much was linked to an early death. Those who slept for more than nine hours a night were 30% more likely to die early, as an article in the latest Sleep suggested. That directly contradicts another passage in the same journal last month suggesting that people who slept for ten hours or longer a night were more likely to live to 100. This was thought to be because people who lived into extreme old age were healthier and therefore slept better.
However, the authors of the latest research contradicted this and suggested that long sleep was a sign of underlying illnesses such as depression and low levels of physical activity. Professor Francesco Cappuccio at the University of Warwick said: “While short sleep may represent a cause of ill-health, long sleep is believed to represent more an indicator of ill – health.”
He also mentioned: Modern society has seen a gradual reduction in the average amount of sleep people take, and this pattern is more common among full-time workers suggesting that it may be due to social pressures for longer working hours. On the other hand, the worsening of our health is often accompanied by an extension of our sleeping time.”
Consistently sleeping six to eight hours per night may be good for health. However, whether to achieve the goal depends on various factors such as the environment as well as measures of public health aimed at favourable changes of the s working environments Professor Francesco Cappuccio added.
12. What did researchers in University of Warwick find
A Six to eight hours’ sleep can be appropriate for people.
B. People at an old age are healthier because they sleep longer.
C People who sleep fewer than 6 hours each night die before 65.
D. Sleeping for more than 9 hours a night does good to one’s health.
13. What is Professor Francesco Cappuccio most likely to agree with
A. How long we sleep depends on our education
B. Our health becomes worse because we sleep less
C. Modern people sleep less because they work longer
D. Long sleep is what causes our health problems
14. What did the researcher think may help people have proper sleep
A. Social pressure B. Extension of sleeping time.
C. Longer working hours D. Changes of working environments.
15. What can be the best title for this passage
A. Time to Sleep early B. How Long Should We Sleep
C. The Importance of Sleep D. Longer Sleep Makes Better Health
【答案】12 A 13. C 14. D 15. B
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。华威大学的研究人员经过研究发现，每晚睡眠不足6小时的人死亡风险更大，每晚睡6至8小时最合适，而每晚睡10小时或更长时间的长睡眠则被认为更能代表健康不良的一个指标。
【12题详解】
推理判断题。根据第一中的“They discovered that people who slept for les than six hours each night were 12% more likelyto die before the age of 65 than those who slept the recommended six to eight hours a night.（他们发现，每晚睡眠时间少于6小时的人在65岁之前死亡的可能性比每晚睡眠时间达到建议的6至8小时的人高12%）”可知，研究者们发现，每晚睡眠不足6小时的人在65岁之前死亡的可能性比那些每晚睡足6至8小时的人高出12%。由此可推出，每晚睡足6至8小时是比较合适的。故选A项。
【13题详解】
细节理解题。根据倒数第二段中“Modern society has seen a gradualreduction in the average amount of sleep people take,and this pattern is more common among ful-time workers, suggesting that it may be due to social pressures for onger working hours.（现代社会已经看到人们的平均睡眠时间逐渐减少，这种模式在全职工作者中更为常见，这表明这可能是由于更长工作时间的社会压力）”可知，Professor Francesco Cappuccio认为睡眠不足在全职工作者中更为常见，这可能由于社会压力导致的长时间工作造成的。故选C项。
【14题详解】
细节理解题。根据最后一段中“Consistently sleeping six to eight hours per night may be good for health. However, whetherto achieve the goal depends on various factors such as the environment as well as measures of public health aimed at favourable changeofthe working environments（每晚持续睡6到8小时可能对健康有益。然而，能否实现这一目标取决于各种因素，如环境以及旨在改善工作环境的公共卫生措施）”可知，能否实现每晚睡足6至8小时这个目标取决于环境的改变以及针对工作环境变化的公共卫生措施等多种因素。由此可知，工作环境的改变是帮助人们获得适当睡眠的方法之一。故选D项。
【15题详解】
主旨大意题。文章第一段点明研究结果：每晚睡眠不足6小时的人在65岁之前死亡的可能性比那些每晚睡足6至8小时的人高出12%。下文针对这一研究结果，分析了导致这种结果的原因，解决方法等。故第一段是中心段，其余各段都以此为中心展开。故结合选项，B选项“我们应该睡多长时间”作为本文标题，与主题相符合。故选B项。
第二节(共5小题;每小题2.5分，满分12.5分)
阅读下列短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项，选项中有两项为多余选项。
More than 40 percent of Antarctica’s ice shelves have reduced in the past 25 years, potentially accelerating sea level rise by allowing more landice to flow into the ocean.
____16____ They play a critical role in slowing the flow of ice on land into the ocean by essentially acting as a wall and surround nearly the entire coastline of Antarctica. When ice shelves thin or retreat(消退), ice on the land can flow into the ocean more quickly and accelerate sea level rise.
Healthy ice shelves naturally retreat and grow over time. An ice shelf is continuously flowing and advancing but will also lose mass through melting or calving, which is when its front breaks off into the ocean.____17____ But the large portion of steadily shrinking ice shelves shows this natural cycle is off.
In West Antarctica, the Getz Ice Shelf experienced some of the biggest ice losses, shedding 1.9 trillion tons of ice over the study period. Most ice shelves in East Antarctica however, increased in volume or stayed the same. ____18____ Region is protected by a band of cold water at the coast, which helps keep nearby warm water at bay. Even so, the study still showed pockets of shrinking ice shelves, and researchers are still investigating the reasons. ____19____
The current ice shelf data set is not long enough for researchers to definitively make climate change connection yet, but it would be a ” remarkable coincidence if the natural variability in ice shelves were just that much larger. ____20____ But we don’t need to hit it before seeing an effect on the planet.
A. Then it can gain ice from the land and grow again
B. Ice shelves are massive floating sections of ice extending from glaciers on land.
C. The east is not as exposed to the warm water like the other side of the continent.
D. The thinning of the ice shelves has shown up in the surrounding environment, too.
E. Ice shelves not just the big ones, are. steadily losing mass over time with no sign of recovery
F. One theory is that the warmer water on the western side could be slowly coming in the region.
G. Additionally, climate models predict ice shelves will steadily shrink in a warming world as observed, eventually hitting a tipping point for ice sheet collapse.
【答案】16. B 17. A 18. C 19. F 20. G
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要讲述了在过去的25年里，南极洲40%以上的冰架已经减少，这可能会使更多的陆地冰流入海洋，从而加速海平面上升。文章还介绍了这一现象的原因可能和气候变化有关。
【16题详解】
下文“They play a critical role in slowing the flow of ice on land into the ocean by essentially acting as a wall and surround nearly the entire coastline of Antarctica.When ice shelves thin or retreat(消退), ice on the land can flow into the ocean more quickly and accelerate sea level rise. (它们在减缓陆地上的冰流入海洋方面发挥着关键作用，基本上起到了一堵墙的作用，几乎包围了南极洲的整个海岸线。它们在减缓陆地上的冰流入海洋方面发挥着关键作用，基本上就像一面墙，环绕着南极洲几乎整个海岸线。当冰架变薄或消退时，陆地上的冰可以更快地流入海洋，加速海平面上升)”说明了南极冰架的作用。空出引出下文，介绍什么是南极冰架。B项中的“Ice shelves”是下文They所指代的对象，说明冰架是从陆地冰川延伸出来的巨大漂浮冰块，他们起着重要的作用。故选B。
【17题详解】
上文“Healthy ice shelves naturally retreat and grow over time. An ice shelf is continuously flowing and advancing but will also lose mass through melting or calving, which is when its front breaks off into the ocean.(健康的冰架会随着时间的推移自然后退和增长。冰架在不断地流动和前进，但也会因融化或崩解而失去质量，而崩解是冰架前缘断裂进入海洋的时候)”说明冰架是可以自然的消退和增长的。空处承接上文，表明冰架会融化或崩解，也会再次生长。A项中的“gain ice from the land and grow again”和前文“naturally retreat and grow over time”相呼应。A项“然后它可以获取冰，然后再次生长”符合语境。故选A。
【18题详解】
上文“Most ice shelves in East Antarctica however, increased in volume or stayed the same. (然而，南极东部大部分冰架的体积都在增加或保持不变)”以及下文“Region is protected by a band of cold water at the coast, which helps keep nearby warm water at bay. (这片区域受到海岸的一股冷水的保护，这有助于防止附近的温水进入)”说明南极东部大部分冰架的体积都在增加或保持不变是因为附近的温水没有进入。空处承接前文，说明南极东部大部分冰架的体积都在增加或保持不变的原因。C项“东部不像大陆的另一边那样暴露在温暖的海水中。”符合语境。故选C。
【19题详解】
上文“Even so, the study still showed pockets of shrinking ice shelves, and researchers are still investigating the reasons. (即便如此，这项研究仍然显示了冰架缩小的区域，研究人员仍在调查原因)”说明研究人员在调查该区域冰架缩小的原因。空处承接上文，F项中的One theory 和前文的“investigating the reasons”相呼应，表明调查的一个原因可能是西区的暖水可能正慢慢进入该地区。故选F。
【20题详解】
上文“The current ice shelf data set is not long enough for researchers to definitively make climate change connection yet, but it would be a ” remarkable coincidence if the natural variability in ice shelves were just that much larger. (目前的冰架数据集还不足以让研究人员明确地将气候变化联系起来，但如果冰架的自然变异性大得多，这将是一个“惊人的巧合”)”说明虽然数据还不足以明确的将冰架减少和气候变化联系起来，但是因为冰架的变化非常大，所以还是推测和气候变化有关。空处进一步表明这一观点。G项中的Additionally和前文是递进关系，表明人类也在气候模型的帮助下推测处气候变暖让冰架不断减少，最终会达到冰盖崩塌的临界点。G项“此外，气候模型预测，在观察到的全球变暖的情况下，冰架将稳步缩小，最终达到冰盖崩塌的临界点。”符合语境。故选G。
第三部分语言运用(共两节，满分30分)
第一节(共15小题;每小题1分，满分15分)
阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
During my freshman year at Brooklyn College, credit card companies were eager to earn the business of students. ____21____ by various rewards programs that only told part of the story, many students signed up for one or more cards without understanding the ____22____ of late payment.
____23____ basic financial literacy (金融素养) meant many college students started off their adult lives with poor credit. ____24____ they faced challenges later in life when they needed to borrow money but couldn’t ____25____ a low-interest loan. Poor credit ____26____ me past college and years into my teaching career. That has fueled my sense of ____27____ to teach the next generation of students about personal finance. It’s why I helped develop a personal finance course for teens and young adults.
To make the class as ____28____ as possible, we asked the students what ____29____ interested them. They were curious to know about buying homes and cars. Our course, intended for those aged between 14 and 21, has them _____30_____ questions: How much do I need to save to make these purchases Which purchases do I prioritize (优先考虑)
We, educators, can help young people _____31_____ life after graduation, as there are many great _____32_____ and developing our course was _____33_____ than I had expected which is why I hope more schools and youth organizations will offer financial education.
Financial literacy shouldn’t be optional because it puts those without it at a significant _____34_____. And if my _____35_____ as a student and an educator have taught me anything, it’s that no one should have to learn important financial lessons the hard way.
21. A. Attracted B. Sponsored C. Required D. Dominated
22. A. conditions B. benefits C. consequences D. processes
23. A. Displaying B. Maintaining C. Abandoning D. Lacking
24. A. However B. Therefore C. Otherwise D. Instead
25. A. guarantee B. generate C. demand D. settle
26. A. turned B. guided C. followed D. tricked
27. A. independence B. responsibility C. achievement D. identity
28. A. touching B. surprising C. engaging D. inspiring
29. A. words B. titles C. courses D. topics
30. A. posing B. considering C. examining D. tackling
31. A. search for B. pay for C. prepare for D. care for
32. A. questions B. paths C. examples D. resources
33. A. easier B. cheaper C. safer D. stricter
34. A. distance B. disadvantage C. point D. corner
35. A. duties B. abilities C. ambitions D. experiences
【答案】21. A 22. C 23. D 24. B 25. A 26. C 27. B 28. C 29. D 30. B 31. C 32. D 33. A 34. B 35. D
【解析】
【导语】本文为一篇说明文。文章作者通过自己的经历讲述了对于学生来讲，金融素养教育的重要性。
【21题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：被那些各种各样的只讲述了部分情况的信用卡的奖励计划所吸引，很多学生申请了很多张信用卡，且没有理解到逾期还款的后果。A. Attracted吸引；B. Sponsored赞助；C. Required要求；D. Dominated支配。根据后文“various rewards programs”和“many students signed up for one or more cards”可知，很多学生申请了不止一张信用卡是因为被信用卡提出的奖励计划所吸引，故选A。
【22题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：同上。A. conditions情况；C. benefits好处；C. consequences后果；D. processes过程。根据后文“late payment”和“they faced challenges later in life”可知，因逾期还款，之后他们会面临麻烦，故此处指学生没有意识到信用卡逾期还款的后果，故选C。
【23题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：缺乏基本的金融素养也就意味着大学生以不良信用开始他们的成年生活。A. Displaying展示；B. Maintaining保持；C. Abandoning抛弃；D. Lacking缺乏。根据空后“meant many college students started off their adult lives with poor credit”可知，意味着他们以不良信用开始他们的成年生活，故此处指缺乏基本的金融素养，故选D。
【24题详解】
考查副词词义辨析。句意：因此，他们就会在今后的生活中面临着问题，当他们需要借钱时，他们无法保证低利息贷款。A. However然而；B. Therefore因此；C. Otherwise否则；D. Instead相反。根据前文“___3___ basic financial literacy (金融素养) meant many college students started off their adult lives with poor credit.”和后文“they faced challenges later in life when they needed to borrow money but couldn’t ___5___ a low-interest loan.”可知，空前提到了他们的不良信用，空后将无法贷款，构成因果关系，故选B。
【25题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：同上。A. guarantee保证；B. generate 产生；C. demand要求；D. settle解决。根据空前“they faced challenges later in life when they needed to borrow money but couldn’t”可知，他们因信用不良，因此无法保证贷款，故选A。
【26题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：信用不良一直跟随着我度过大学，直到我的教学生涯。A. turned转弯；B. guided指导；C. followed跟随；D. tricked欺骗。根据后文“That has fueled my sense of ___7___ to teach the next generation of students about personal finance.”可知，激起了作者决定教学生个人理财的想法，是因为信用不良一直伴随着作者，故选C。
【27题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：这也让我感觉教学生个人理财是我的责任。A. independence独立；B. responsibility责任；C. achievement成就；D. identity身份。根据后文“It’s why I helped develop a personal finance course for teens and young adults.”可知，作者帮助开发了适合青少年和青年人的个人理财课程，是因为觉得有责任教会学生个人理财，故选B。
【28题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：为了让课程尽可能的吸引人，我问学生他们对什么话题感兴趣。A. touching感人的；B. surprising惊人的；C. engaging吸引人的；D. inspiring鼓舞人心的。根据后文“we asked the students what ___9___ interested them.”可知，问学生对什么话题感兴趣的目的是为了让理财课程有吸引力，故选C。
【29题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：同上。A. words话语；B. titles标题；C. courses课程；D. topics话题。根据后文“They were curious to know about buying homes and cars.”可知，他们对买房和买车感到好奇，故此处指作者问他们感兴趣的话题是什么，故选D。
【30题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：我们的课程，专为14-21岁的人设计，让他们考虑了几个问题：我应该省下多少钱来买这些东西？我应该优先购买什么？A. posing提出；B. considering考虑；C. examining检查；D. tackling解决。根据后文“How much do I need to save to make these purchases Which purchases do I prioritize ”可知，前文提到学生对买车和买房感兴趣，故此处让学生考虑应该省下多少钱来买车买房，哪一个可以优先购买，故选B。
【31题详解】
考查动词短语词义辨析。句意：我们，教育工作者，可以帮助青年人为毕业后的生活做好准备，这也就是为什么我希望更多的学校和青年机构能够提供金融教育，因为有很多资源，开发这门课程比我想象中更加简单。A. search for寻找；B. pay for支付；C. prepare for为……做准备；D. care for照顾。根据后文“which is why I hope more schools and youth organizations will offer financial education.”可知，作者希望更多的学校和青年机构能够提供金融教育，是因为作为教育者，应该帮助青年人为毕业后的生活做好准备，故选C。
【32题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：同上。A. questions问题；B. paths路径；C. examples例子；D. resources资源。根据后文“developing our course was ___13___ than I had expected”可知，开发这门课程比作者想象中更简单，是因为有很多的资源，故选D。
【33题详解】
考查形容词比较级词义辨析。句意：我们，教育工作者，可以帮助青年人为毕业后的生活做好准备，这也就是为什么我希望更多的学校和青年机构能够提供金融教育，因为有很多资源，开发这门课程比我想象中更加简单。A. easier更简单的；B. cheaper更便宜的；C. safer更安全的；D. stricter更严格的。根据后文“which is why I hope more schools and youth organizations will offer financial education.”可知，正是因为开发这门课程，实施起来比作者想象中更简单，所以作者呼吁更多的学校和青年机构能够提供金融教育，故选A。
【34题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：金融素养不应该是选修课程，因为它会让那些没有该素养的人处于不利地位。A. distance距离；B. disadvantage不利条件，劣势；C. point点；D. corner角落。根据前文“Financial literacy shouldn’t be optional”可知，金融素养课程不应该是选修课，是因为它会让没有金融素养的人处于劣势，故选B。
【35题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：如果说我作为学生和教师的经历教会了我什么的话，那就是没有人应该通过艰难的方式来学习重要的理财课程。A. duties责任；B. abilities能力；C. ambitions抱负心；D. experiences经历。根据后文“it’s that no one should have to learn important financial lessons the hard way”可知，作者认为不应该有人通过艰难的方式来学习重要的理财课程，是因为作者作为学生和教师的经历教会了我这一点，故选D。
第二节：(共10小题;每小题1.5分，满分15分)
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
How deep can a person dive underwater without any ____36____ (breathe) equipment As one of the world’s top female freedivers, China’s Xu Tongtong’s answer is beyond the limit
Freediving is gaining ____37____(popular) across the world. Divers rely only on their lung capacity to plunge as far as they can-either in open water in so-called “depth” events or in the swimming pool, ____38____ (simple) called “pool” events.
This year, the 35-year-old Xu ____39____ (dive) 100 meters underwater successfully in both constant weight (CWT) and constant weight bifin (CWTB) contests, becoming only the third female freediver on the planet ____40____(reach) this depth. “When I dived 100 meters and grabbed the depth tag, I knew I had done it and ____41____(swim) back to the surface with a smile,” Xu joyfully recalled of her ____42____ (history) feat (壮举).
Hailing from East China’s Anhui province, Xu changed from swimming to freediving in 2014. “I was able to enter the three-dimensional world from a two-dimensional space. That is ____43____ I fell in love with freediving,” she told Xinhua in a recent exclusive interview. The biggest attraction of freediving lies ____44____ facing up to and overcoming our fears. The training is a process of constantly knowing oneself, said Xu. After three months of training and competing this year in Panglao, Xu decided to stay on the island to continue her training and coaching, _____45_____ major source of income for this world-class freediver.
【答案】36. breathing
37. popularity
38. simply 39. dived
40. to reach
41. swam 42. historic
43. why 44. in
45. a
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了超越极限的自由潜水运动和世界顶级自由潜水员徐彤彤。
【36题详解】
考查名词。句意：一个人在没有任何呼吸设备的情况下能在水下潜水多深？固定短语breathing equipment“呼吸设备”，breathing是名词，修饰equipment，作定语。故填breathing。
【37题详解】
考查名词。句意：自由潜水在全世界受到欢迎。此处作宾语，应用名词popularity“受欢迎度”，不可数名词。故填popularity。
【38题详解】
考查副词。句意：潜水员只能依靠肺活量尽可能地跳水——无论是在开放水域所谓的“深度”项目中，还是在游泳池项目中，简称“泳池”项目。此处修饰非谓语动词called，应用副词simply“简明地”，作状语。故填simply。
【39题详解】
考查动词时态。句意：今年，35岁的徐在100米水下恒重(CWT)和恒重(CWTB)两项比赛中都成功潜水，成为世界上第三位达到这一深度的女性自由潜水员。根据下文“becoming only the third female freediver on the planet ____5____( reach) this depth.”可知，此处讲述过去发生的事情，应用一般过去时。故填dived。
【40题详解】
考查非谓语动词。句意同上。此处修饰名词freediver，由序数词修饰，应用不定式作后置定语。故填to reach。
【41题详解】
考查动词时态。句意：“当我潜入100米并抓住深度标签时，我知道我做到了，并微笑着游回水面，”徐高兴地回忆起她的历史性壮举。此处与前文的dived，knew是并列谓语动词，描述过去发生的事情，应用一般过去时。故填swam。
【42题详解】
考查形容词。句意同上。此处修饰名词feat，应用形容词作定语，此处表示“具有历史意义的”，应用形容词historic。故填historic。
【43题详解】
考查表语从句。句意：“我能够从二维空间进入三维世界，这就是为什么我爱上了自由潜水，”她在最近的一次独家采访中告诉新华社。此处引导表语从句，且表示“为什么”作原因状语，应用连接副词why。故填why。
【44题详解】
考查介词。句意：自由潜水最大的吸引力在于直面并克服我们的恐惧。固定短语lie in“在于”。故填in。
【45题详解】
考查冠词。句意：今年在Panglao进行了三个月的训练和比赛后，徐决定留在岛上继续她的训练和指导，这是这位世界级自由潜水员的主要收入来源。此处泛指“一种主要的收入来源”，应用不定冠词，major以辅音音素开头，应用a。故填a。
第四部分写作(共两节满分40分)
第一节(满分15分)
46. 你校英语社团近期将举办“Autumn on Campus”艺术作品展活动，你受其委托撰写一则英文通知征集作品，内容包括：
1.举办目的及活动对象；
2.作品形式及要求；
3.截止日期。
注意：1.词数80词左右；
2.请在答题卡的相应位置作答。
Notice
_____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
【答案】Notice
To promote campus art and create an artistic atmosphere, the English Society of our school will hold an “Autumn on Campus” art exhibition, open to all students and faculty members.
We are calling for submissions of art pieces in various forms, including drawings, paintings, photography, and sculptures. The deadline for submissions is October 20th. Please submit your work to the English Society’s office on the third floor of the main building.
Sincerely, we look forward to seeing your creativity and passion for art at “Autumn on Campus”, which will be a valuable chance to show your talent.
【解析】
【导语】本篇书面表达属于应用文。校英语社团近期将举办“Autumn on Campus”艺术作品展活动，要求考生托撰写一则英文通知征集作品。
【详解】1.词汇积累
促进：promote→improve
举办：hold→launch
呼吁：call for→appeal
提交：submit→hand in
2.句式拓展
简单句变复合句
原句：We are calling for submissions of art pieces in various forms, including drawings, paintings, photography, and sculptures.
拓展句：We are calling for submissions of art pieces in various forms, including drawings, paintings, photography, and sculptures, any form of which can be suitable for the activity.
【点睛】【高分句型1】To promote campus art and create an artistic atmosphere, the English Society of our school will hold an “Autumn on Campus” art exhibition, open to all students and faculty members.（运用了不定式结构作状语）
【高分句型2】 Sincerely, we look forward to seeing your creativity and passion for art at “Autumn on Campus”, which will be a valuable chance to show your talent.（运用了which引导非限制性定语从句）
第二节(满分25分)
47. 阅读下面材料， 根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段， 使之构成一篇完整的短文。
As a senior student in high school, I committed myself to active preparation for the upcoming college entrance examination. My days were filled with studying textbooks, practicing exam questions, and making constant revisions. It felt like I was going through the motions, with the weight of pressure and expectations weighing heavily on me. The atmosphere in our class was charged with anxiety. Classmates gathered to. discuss study strategies and shared last-minute tips. Teachers provided additional classes and mock exams (模拟考试) to copy real exam conditions. Everyone desired to achieve their best in the exams to boost their confidence.
Last Thursday, a surprise exam was given to us. We were to complete all the four tests in a single day, Chinese, Maths, English and the Sciences. We had been kept completely in the dark about the exam until the very last minute. Many classmates felt upset at taking it at such short notice. As a veteran (I am repeating the last year of high school), I was used to such a surprise as our dear teachers had in store for us. It was no secret that many other schools had already done the tests. Therefore, it would be a piece of cake to get the answers online.
This term I am paired with Peter by our class director in a tutor-pupil relationship. I am the tutor (老师) ; Peter my pupil. We are supposed to help each other. Since I am more experienced, I am expected to offer tips and tricks to Peter on studies and life.
When word came that the surprise exam was in place, Peter intended to cheat. He complained to me that he would be too worn out to complete all the four tests in such a short time. He added “The exam is not that vital. Many schoolmates have got the keys anyway.”
Hearing Peter s complaint, I got extremely angry.
_______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
The day came when the results were out.
_______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
【答案】Hearing Peter’s complaint, I got extremely angry. I criticised him mercilessly for a while. I told him that we should cherish each exam as an opportunity to learn and improve rather than treat it mindlessly. At this, Peter flushed. I could see a look of shame and embarrassment creeping across his face. I also asked Peter to be honest and consistent throughout the exam. Hopefully, his integrity would not be compromised by external forces. Having listened to my instructions, Peter nodded repeatedly. He promised that he would not misbehave himself in the tests.
The day came when the results were out. As usual, some students were happy while others were worried. Strangely enough, this time those who got worried included a couple of classmates who had made it to the very top of the league table. They felt uneasy for lack of a clear conscience. Even though neither Peter nor I had earned impressive grades in the exam, we learned a lot from it. The exam helped us to see not only where we were weak in our lessons but also the importance of staying true to our hearts.
【解析】
【导语】本文以人物为线索展开，讲述作为高三复读生的我们，每天都面临着焦虑和期待。上周四，我们进行了一次其他学校已经进行了的突击考试，因此，在网上找到答案将是小菜一碟。我和彼得是学习搭子，我们互相帮助。但是当听说要进行突击考试时，彼得打算作弊。
【详解】1. 段落续写
①由第一段首句内容“听到彼得的抱怨，我非常生气。”可知，本段可以写我对彼得进行了批评，他听我的话不再作弊。
②由第二段首句内容“结果出来的那一天终于到来了。”可知，本段可以写同学们面对成绩的反应以及我和彼得的收获。
2. 续写线索：我批评——彼得脸红羞愧——彼得听了我的话，不再作弊——考试结果公布——同学们的反应——我和彼得的收获
3. 词类激活
行为类
①告诉：tell/inform
②脸红：flush/blush
③帮助：help/assist/aid
情绪类
①尴尬：embarrassment/awkwardness
②高兴的：happy/delighted/pleased/cheerful
③担心的：worried/concerned/anxious
【点睛】【高分句型1】He promised that he would not misbehave himself in the tests. (运用了that引导的宾语从句)
【高分句型2】Strangely enough, this time those who got worried included a couple of classmates who had made it to the very top of the league table. (运用了who引导的定语从句)青岛二中2023-2024学年第一学期期中考试
高二试题(英语)
考试时间：120分钟试卷满分：150分
第一部分听力(共两节20小题，每小题1.5分，满分30分)
第一节(共5小题;每小题1.5分，满分7.5分)
听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。
1. What is the woman doing
A. Driving B. Running C. Climbing.
2. What has the man bought
A. An English workbook B. A math workbook C. A biology workbook.
3. Who has been ill
A. Bill B. Tim C. Betty.
4 What is the relationship between the speakers
A. Mother and son B. Hostess and guest. C. Waitress and customer.
5. What will the man do tonight
A. Watch the soccer game. B. Talk with his brother. C. Have a basketball game.
第二节(共15小题;每小题1.5分，满分22.5分)
听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟;听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。
听下面一段材料，回答第6和第7两个小题。
6. Which place shall the woman first get to
A. London Street B. The cinema. C. Wal-Mart.
7. What can we know about the man
A. He is a native
B. He is very helpful
C. He lost his way to the Customs Office
听下面一段材料，回答第8至第10三个小题。
8 What happens to the woman
A. She suffers from sleeplessness.
B. Her medicine has side effects
C. She often forgets things.
9. What causes the woman’s problem
A. Looking after kids B. The housework C. The project work
10. What does the man suggest the woman do
A. Make a plan for life B. Consult her assistant. C. Take a vacation
听下面一段材料，回答第11至第13三个小题。
11. What time was Betty supposed to show up
A. At 6: 30 p.m. B. At 7: 00 p.m. C. At7:30p.m
12. Why was Betty late
A. Her office was far away
B The bus she took broke down
C. She met with traffic jam
13. What is the man like
A. Brave B. Hardworking C. Understanding
听下面一段材料，回答第14至第16三个小题。
14. Why did Sally delay her college education
A. She had some health problems
B. She couldn’t afford it
C. Nobody was willing to support her.
15. What job did Sally take
A. A bus conductor. B. A shoemaker C. A shop assistant
16. How did Sally find her friend’s college life
A. Wonderful B. Challenging C. Hard
听下面一段材料，回答第17至第20四个小题。
17. Why did the man go to the class earlier
A. To take a front seat
B. To learn a few more names.
C. To finish his school work
18. Who did the man introduce his name to
A. His teacher B. Two young women. C. Al his classmates
19. What can we know about the man
A. He is in a familiar culture
B. He has no trouble with English
C. He is a student from China
20. What does the man mainly talk about
A. Exchange students
B. First impression
C. Language problems
第二部分阅读(共两节，满分50分)
第一节(共15小题;每小题2.5分，满分37.5分)
阅读下列短文，从每题所给A、B、C、D的四个选项中选出最佳选项。
A
Down House, home of Charles Darwin:
Fun fact
Charles Darwin, his wife, Emma, and their children lived at Down House for 40 years from 1838. Several rooms appear as if the family still live here: with croquet sets thrown into an under-stairs cupboard, a half-played game of backgammon on a side table and Emma’s knitting(毛线) left on a chair in the drawing room. Upstairs, an exhibition showcases Darwin’s voyage aboard HMS Beagle, including a reconstruction of his cabin. Outside, visitors can explore the sheltered gardens which Darwin used as an open-air laboratory, and the greenhouse in which he planted rare plants and devised botanical experiments.
No room at Down House escaped Darwin’s experiments. In the drawing room he once placed a jar of earthworms on the grand piano to see whether they could hear.
Getting there
A 15-minute drive from the A21/Farnborough. Free parking. The R8 bus from Orpington stops nearby (except Sundays) or the 146 bus from Bromley North and South terminates (终点站) in Downe village, half a mile from the property. The nearest railway stations are Chelsfield or Orpington, about four miles away.
Value for money
It’s ￡12 (adult), ￡7.20 (child), or ￡31.30 (family with 2 adults). Under 5s go free.
Opening hours
Open daily 10am-6pm from 30 March to 30 September; daily 10 a.m. — 5 p.m. between 1 to 31 October. Opening times vary through the winter (check website for details).
Verdict(评价)
8/10. An unstuffy educational, gentle day-trip attraction with friendly, knowledgeable staff.
1. What can visitors do in Down House
A. Play the grand piano. B. Set sail in HMS Beagle.
C. Explore Darwin’s work and life. D. Try food sourced from the garden.
2. How much would a couple with their 4-year-old twin sons pay for admission
A. ￡38.40. B. ￡26.20. C. ￡31.30. D. ￡24.
3. What do we know about Down House
A. It is highly thought of. B. It charges parking fees.
C. It has fixed opening hours. D. It is inconveniently located.
B
Ida Nelson was relaxing herself in her sister’s sauna (桑拿室) when she heard the sound of a small airplane circling the nearby airport.
It was 11: 30 at night in a remote village with a population of 70, and, as she told the newspaper reporter, Any time a plane flies over that late, you know something is wrong. Nelson and her sister leaped out of the sauna, ran to the window, and saw the problem-the airport’s runway lights were out. Nelson threw on some clothes, jumped into her jeep, and floored it to the airport, where she found a local pilot trying to turn on the lights manually.
Normally, if you push the button 10 or 15 times, the lights will just light up, Nelson told the reporter. Not this time. Meanwhile, she and the pilot learned of the plane’s exigent mission - it was a helicopter there to transport a seriously ill local girl, to the nearest hospital, 280 miles away in another city.
Nelson had a plan. Driving her jeep to the end of the runway, she shone her headlights on the road for the plane to follow. Great idea, but it wasn’t enough. More light was needed so a neighbor called nearly every home in the village 32 of them.
Within 20 minutes, 20 vehicles arrived at the airport, many of the drivers still in pajamas. Following directions from the helicopter pilot, the cars lined up on one side of the runway. The helicopter made its final approach and, guided by the headlights, landed safely. The young patient was loaded onto the aircraft, and the plane immediately took off again Her illness was never publicly known, but she has since been recovered.
Without them, the girl might not have made it. However, for Nelson, it was only a small deed.
4. What problem did the helicopter encounter
A. Its lights went out by accident
B. It made noise as it ran out of fuel
C. It could not land safely in darkness.
D. It didn’t arrive at the scheduled time
5. What does the underlined word exigent in paragraph 3 probably mean
A. impossible B. unique C. intense D. urgent
6. What can we conclude from the passage
A. The girl has been in the hospital since her illness was reported.
B. The creative thought and the sense of duty of Nelson led to the final landing.
C. The helicopter was to transport the girl from the local hospital to another one.
D. The villagers gathered so quickly because they were awake and ready to help.
7. What does this passage want to tell the readers
A. No way is impossible to courage.
B. A friend in need is a friend indeed
C A small act of kindness makes a big difference.
D. Where there is a wisdom. there is effectiveness.
C
All human languages use vowels and consonants to express ideas. Most primates (灵长类) communicate almost using vowel-like calls, but non-human great apes, like chimpanzees, produce consonant-like sounds to varying degrees, This raises the question of where consonants came from, says Adriano Lameira at the University of Warwick. To find it out, he studied existing literature to see how common consonants are among the great apes.
He found that orangutans (猩猩), which spend most of their time in the trees: produce a greater number and variety of consonant sounds than gorillas and chimpanzees living. on the ground. “Orangutans have rich sounds like kiss sounds, scrapes and clicks.” says Lameira. hey typically use these sounds while building nests or commencing with their young.
Lameira thinks that living in the trees may explain that Great apes are experts at processing protected foods. Like nuts, which often requires tools. While living in trees however, orangutans must always use at least one arm to maintain stability. They have therefore developed more complex control of their lips, tongues and jaws, allowing them to use their mouths as a “fifth limb” orangutans can peel oranges just with lips, for example.
This advanced motor skill enables orangutans make consonant-like sounds, argues Lameira. This could mean, that our early ancestors developed consonant sounds while hanging around in the trees, too. “ There’s a growing sense that our dependency on trees was much larger and deeper than we think,” says Lameira.
The link between feeding and sounds doesn’t apply to smaller tree-living primates like monkeys, argues Lameira, because their size and tails make them more stable on branches and they eat differently
“This is an interesting assumption worth testing,” says Chris Petkov at Newcastle University, though he questions some aspects. As humans aren’t tree living, there must be other reasons why consonants remain, which could be tested by characterising consonant-like sounds more systematically across species, he says
8. What does the underlined word “it” in paragraph 1 refer to
A. Why vowels and consonants are used
B. What ideas the consonants express.
C. How common the consonants are.
D. Where the consonants came from
9. What fact can support Adriano Lamerica’s assumption about orangutans
A. They build nests with their young.
B. They are skillful in employing tools
C. They gain advanced motor skill of mouths
D. They show stability in controlling arms.
10. What can we infer from Adriano Lameira’s findings
A. Monkeys differ from orangutans in eating habits.
B. Our ancestors depended more on trees than believed.
C. Consonant sounds were made by our earliest, ancestors.
D. The link between feeding and sounds applies to monkeys
11. What is Chris Petkov’s attitude to Adriano Lameira’s assumption
A. Confident B. Cautious C. Opposed D. Puzzled
D
People who sleep fewer than six hours a night are more likely to die early, researchers in University of Warwick have found in a recent study. They discovered that people who slept for less than six hours each night were 12% more likely to die before the age of 65 than those who slept the recommended six to eight hours a night
The researchers pointed out that previous studies had shown that the lack of sleep was associated with problems like heart disease and high blood pressure. However, the researchers also found that sleeping too much was linked to an early death. Those who slept for more than nine hours a night were 30% more likely to die early, as an article in the latest Sleep suggested. That directly contradicts another passage in the same journal last month suggesting that people who slept for ten hours or longer a night were more likely to live to 100. This was thought to be because people who lived into extreme old age were healthier and therefore slept better.
However, the authors of the latest research contradicted this and suggested that long sleep was a sign of underlying illnesses such as depression and low levels of physical activity. Professor Francesco Cappuccio at the University of Warwick said: “While short sleep may represent a cause of ill-health, long sleep is believed to represent more an indicator of ill – health.”
He also mentioned: Modern society has seen a gradual reduction in the average amount of sleep people take, and this pattern is more common among full-time workers suggesting that it may be due to social pressures for longer working hours. On the other hand, the worsening of our health is often accompanied by an extension of our sleeping time.”
Consistently sleeping six to eight hours per night may be good for health. However, whether to achieve the goal depends on various factors such as the environment as well as measures of public health aimed at favourable changes of the s working environments Professor Francesco Cappuccio added.
12. What did researchers in University of Warwick find
A. Six to eight hours’ sleep can be appropriate for people.
B. People at an old age are healthier because they sleep longer.
C. People who sleep fewer than 6 hours each night die before 65.
D. Sleeping for more than 9 hours a night does good to one’s health.
13. What is Professor Francesco Cappuccio most likely to agree with
A. How long we sleep depends on our education
B. Our health becomes worse because we sleep less
C. Modern people sleep less because they work longer
D. Long sleep is what causes our health problems
14. What did the researcher think may help people have proper sleep
A. Social pressure B. Extension of sleeping time.
C. Longer working hours D. Changes of working environments.
15. What can be the best title for this passage
A. Time to Sleep early B. How Long Should We Sleep
C. The Importance of Sleep D. Longer Sleep Makes Better Health
第二节(共5小题;每小题2.5分，满分12.5分)
阅读下列短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项，选项中有两项为多余选项。
More than 40 percent of Antarctica’s ice shelves have reduced in the past 25 years, potentially accelerating sea level rise by allowing more landice to flow into the ocean.
____16____ They play a critical role in slowing the flow of ice on land into the ocean by essentially acting as a wall and surround nearly the entire coastline of Antarctica. When ice shelves thin or retreat(消退) ice on the land can flow into the ocean more quickly and accelerate sea level rise.
Healthy ice shelves naturally retreat and grow over time. An ice shelf is continuously flowing and advancing but will also lose mass through melting or calving, which is when its front breaks off into the ocean.____17____ But the large portion of steadily shrinking ice shelves shows this natural cycle is off.
In West Antarctica, the Getz Ice Shelf experienced some of the biggest ice losses, shedding 1.9 trillion tons of ice over the study period. Most ice shelves in East Antarctica however, increased in volume or stayed the same. ____18____ Region is protected by a band of cold water at the coast, which helps keep nearby warm water at bay. Even so, the study still showed pockets of shrinking ice shelves, and researchers are still investigating the reasons. ____19____
The current ice shelf data set is not long enough for researchers to definitively make climate change connection yet, but it would be a ” remarkable coincidence if the natural variability in ice shelves were just that much larger. ____20____ But we don’t need to hit it before seeing an effect on the planet.
A. Then it can gain ice from the land and grow again
B. Ice shelves are massive floating sections of ice extending from glaciers on land.
C. The east is not as exposed to the warm water like the other side of the continent.
D. The thinning of the ice shelves has shown up in the surrounding environment, too.
E. Ice shelves not just the big ones, are. steadily losing mass over time with no sign of recovery
F. One theory is that the warmer water on the western side could be slowly coming in the region.
G. Additionally, climate models predict ice shelves will steadily shrink in a warming world as observed, eventually hitting a tipping point for ice sheet collapse.
第三部分语言运用(共两节，满分30分)
第一节(共15小题;每小题1分，满分15分)
阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
During my freshman year at Brooklyn College, credit card companies were eager to earn the business of students. ____21____ by various rewards programs that only told part of the story, many students signed up for one or more cards without understanding the ____22____ of late payment.
____23____ basic financial literacy (金融素养) meant many college students started off their adult lives with poor credit. ____24____ they faced challenges later in life when they needed to borrow money but couldn’t ____25____ a low-interest loan. Poor credit ____26____ me past college and years into my teaching career. That has fueled my sense of ____27____ to teach the next generation of students about personal finance. It’s why I helped develop a personal finance course for teens and young adults.
To make the class as ____28____ as possible, we asked the students what ____29____ interested them. They were curious to know about buying homes and cars. Our course, intended for those aged between 14 and 21, has them _____30_____ questions: How much do I need to save to make these purchases Which purchases do I prioritize (优先考虑)
We, educators, can help young people _____31_____ life after graduation, as there are many great _____32_____ and developing our course was _____33_____ than I had expected which is why I hope more schools and youth organizations will offer financial education.
Financial literacy shouldn’t be optional because it puts those without it at a significant _____34_____. And if my _____35_____ as a student and an educator have taught me anything, it’s that no one should have to learn important financial lessons the hard way.
21. A. Attracted B. Sponsored C. Required D. Dominated
22. A. conditions B. benefits C. consequences D. processes
23. A. Displaying B. Maintaining C. Abandoning D. Lacking
24. A. However B. Therefore C. Otherwise D. Instead
25. A. guarantee B. generate C. demand D. settle
26. A. turned B. guided C. followed D. tricked
27. A. independence B. responsibility C. achievement D. identity
28. A. touching B. surprising C. engaging D. inspiring
29. A. words B. titles C. courses D. topics
30. A. posing B. considering C. examining D. tackling
31. A. search for B. pay for C. prepare for D. care for
32. A. questions B. paths C. examples D. resources
33. A. easier B. cheaper C. safer D. stricter
34. A. distance B. disadvantage C. point D. corner
35. A. duties B. abilities C. ambitions D. experiences
第二节：(共10小题;每小题1.5分，满分15分)
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
How deep can a person dive underwater without any ____36____ (breathe) equipment As one of the world’s top female freedivers, China’s Xu Tongtong’s answer is beyond the limit
Freediving is gaining ____37____(popular) across the world. Divers rely only on their lung capacity to plunge as far as they can-either in open water in so-called “depth” events or in the swimming pool, ____38____ (simple) called “pool” events.
This year, the 35-year-old Xu ____39____ (dive) 100 meters underwater successfully in both constant weight (CWT) and constant weight bifin (CWTB) contests, becoming only the third female freediver on the planet ____40____(reach) this depth. “When I dived 100 meters and grabbed the depth tag, I knew I had done it and ____41____(swim) back to the surface with a smile,” Xu joyfully recalled of her ____42____ (history) feat (壮举).
Hailing from East China’s Anhui province, Xu changed from swimming to freediving in 2014. “I was able to enter the three-dimensional world from a two-dimensional space. That is ____43____ I fell in love with freediving,” she told Xinhua in a recent exclusive interview. The biggest attraction of freediving lies ____44____ facing up to and overcoming our fears. The training is a process of constantly knowing oneself, said Xu. After three months of training and competing this year in Panglao, Xu decided to stay on the island to continue her training and coaching, _____45_____ major source of income for this world-class freediver.
第四部分写作(共两节满分40分)
第一节(满分15分)
46. 你校英语社团近期将举办“Autumn on Campus”艺术作品展活动，你受其委托撰写一则英文通知征集作品，内容包括：
1.举办目的及活动对象；
2.作品形式及要求；
3.截止日期。
注意：1.词数80词左右；
2.请在答题卡的相应位置作答。
Notice
_____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
第二节(满分25分)
47. 阅读下面材料， 根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段， 使之构成一篇完整的短文。
As a senior student in high school, I committed myself to active preparation for the upcoming college entrance examination. My days were filled with studying textbooks, practicing exam questions, and making constant revisions. It felt like I was going through the motions, with the weight of pressure and expectations weighing heavily on me. The atmosphere in our class was charged with anxiety. Classmates gathered to. discuss study strategies and shared last-minute tips. Teachers provided additional classes and mock exams (模拟考试) to copy real exam conditions. Everyone desired to achieve their best in the exams to boost their confidence.
Last Thursday, a surprise exam was given to us. We were to complete all the four tests in a single day, Chinese, Maths, English and the Sciences. We had been kept completely in the dark about the exam until the very last minute. Many classmates felt upset at taking it at such short notice. As a veteran (I am repeating the last year of high school), I was used to such a surprise as our dear teachers had in store for us. It was no secret that many other schools had already done the tests. Therefore, it would be a piece of cake to get the answers online.
This term I am paired with Peter by our class director in a tutor-pupil relationship. I am the tutor (老师) ; Peter my pupil. We are supposed to help each other. Since I am more experienced, I am expected to offer tips and tricks to Peter on studies and life.
When word came that the surprise exam was in place, Peter intended to cheat. He complained to me that he would be too worn out to complete all the four tests in such a short time. He added “The exam is not that vital. Many schoolmates have got the keys anyway.”
Hearing Peter s complaint, I got extremely angry.
_______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
The day came when the results were out.
_______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
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