高中试卷答案网鸡西实验中学2023-2024学年度第一学期高三第三次考试
英语试卷
满分：150分
第一部分：听力测试(共两节，满分30分)
第一节(共5小题每小题1.5分，满分7.5分)
听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A. B. C三个选项中选出最佳选项，听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。
1. What will the speakers do next
A. Visit a friend. B. Pick up Billy. C. Buy some beans.
2. Who is Andy Clarks
A. A public librarian. B. ATV actor. C. A famous lawyer.
3. What are the speakers talking about
A. Gifts for Jason. B. A baseball game. C. The woman’s retirement.
4. What went on at Cooper’s last night
A. A movie show. B. A birthday party. C. A sales promotion.
5. What problem do the speakers have
A. They are late for work. B. They get stuck in traffic. C. They have lost their way.
第二节(共15小题：每小题1.5分，满分22.5分)
听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟：听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。
听第6段材料。回答第6、7题。
6. Where are the speakers
A. At home. B. At the office. C. At the airport
7. How does Sara sound
A. Anxious. B. Surprised. C. Grateful
听第7段材料，回答第8至10题。
8. What made Miss Johnson choose teaching as a profession
A. Pressure from her family. B. Her passion for the work. C. A teacher’s encouragement.
9. What does Miss Johnson think is the best part of her job
A. Being with children. B. Winning others’ respect. C. Learning different things.
10. What does Miss Johnson want her students to become
A. Lifelong learners B. Creative thinkers. C. Good communicators.
听第8段材料，回答第11至13题。
11. What does Becky like about living with her parents
A. They have a big house B. They cook meals for her C. They pay all her expenses.
12. What does Ethan suggest Becky do regarding her mother
A. Have patience. B. Provide company. C. Express gratitude
13. Why is Ethan concerned about his parents living on their own
A. They may feel lonely.
B. They may fail to get along.
C. They may have an emergency.
听第9段材料，回答第14至17题。
14. Whose speech did the woman listen to this morning
A. John Miller’s. B. David Thompson’s. C. Allan Brown’s.
15. What is the workshop in the afternoon about
A. Knowledge economy. B. Risk assessment. C. Employee motivation.
16. What does the woman say about her job
A. It can be challenging. B. It is truly interesting. C. It will be rewarding.
17. What do the man and the woman both want to do
A. Apply for a new position.
B. Offer their staff a salary raise.
C. Improve their management skills.
听第10段材料，回答第18至20题。
18. What does the speaker probably do
A. She’s a medical doctor. B. She’s a fitness instructor. C. She’s a swimming coach.
19. What is a common workout mistake
A. Focusing only on building muscles.
B. Taking too many types of exercises.
C. Doing the same routine all the time.
20. How often does the speaker suggest people do hard workouts
A. Once a week. B. Twice a week. C. Three times a week.
第二部分 阅读(共两节，满分50分)
第一节(共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分)
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。
A
Autumn Reading
Rez Dogs
Rez Dogs, by Joseph Bruchac is a book written in verse (诗). It’s about an eighth-grader named MalianShe’s visiting her grandparents at their home on a Wabanaki reservation when COVID-19 hits. During lockdown, Malian learns more from her grandparents about her Native family’s history.
Omar Rising
Omar Rising, by Aisha Saeed tells the story of the son of a servant in Pakistan. Omar is excited that he has won a scholarship (奖学金) to a boarding school. But when he gets there he discovers that his scholarship is offered with special conditions. To stay at the school, Omar must do chores (杂活) and get better grades than the wealthy students. And he’s not allowed to join clubs or teams. When his future at the school does seem bright, he and his friends work hard to create fairness for all.
The Ice Cream Machine
The Ice Cream Machine is no common book. It’s six different stories rolled into one book. Each story has a very different plot (情节) about ice cream. One ice-cream story is about a boy and his robot in the distant future. Another is about a father and daughter who invent an ice-cream machine. The Ice Cream Machine is inventive and fun. Its author,Adam Rubin, hopes the book encourages kids to write.
Sugar and Spite
Sugar and Spite, by Gail D.Villanueva, finds 12-year-old Jolina newly arrived on an island in the Philippines. It’s there that she learns how to make magic. Jolina uses that magic to get a bully (仗势欺人者) named Claudine off her back. Filipino history and culture are shown in the book. Villanueva said that kids should read about places and cultures different from their own.
1. What problem does Omar have
A. He finds it difficult to learn magic. B. He is unable to visit his grandparents.
C. He receives unfair treatment at school D. He has no money to buy an ice-cream machine
2. What do we know about Adam Rubin’s book
A. It is a guidebook. B. It is a travel diary.
C. It is a verse novel. D. It is a collection of stories.
3. Which book will you choose if you are interested in the culture and history of the Philippines
A. Rez Dogs. B. Omar Rising.
C. Sugar and Spite. D. The Ice Cream Machine.
【答案】1. C 2. D 3. C
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇应用文。主要给读者介绍几本书。
【1题详解】
细节理解题。根据第二本书“Omar Rising”中的描述“But when he gets there he discovers that his scholarship is offered with special conditions. To stay at the school, Omar must do chores (杂活) and get better grades than the wealthy students. And he’s not allowed to join clubs or teams.(但是当他到达那里后发现，他的奖学金是有特殊条件的。为了能待在学校，Omar必须干杂活，并且要比那些家庭富裕的学生考的分数高。他还不被允许参加俱乐部或者球队)”可知，Omar 在学校受到了不公正的待遇。故选C。
【2题详解】
细节理解题。根据第三本书“The Ice Cream Machine”中描述“The Ice Cream Machine is no common book. It’s six different stories rolled into one book. Each story has a very different plot (情节) about ice cream.(《The Ice Cream Machine》不是一本普通的书。它是六个不同的故事合在一本书里。每一个故事都有一个非常不同的关于冰激凌的情节)”可知，Adam Rubin的书是一本故事集。故选D。
【3题详解】
推理判断题。根据最后一本书“Sugar and Spite”中的描述“Filipino history and culture are shown in the book.(书中介绍了菲律宾的历史和文化)”可知，如果你对菲律宾的历史和文化感兴趣的话可以看《Sugar and Spite》这本书。故选C。
B
A 28-year-old young man, Nilay Agarwal, says that he had always dreamed of doing his bit for removing the root of hunger but it was only after a life-changing incident that he dared to step out of his comfort zone to do something about it.
In 2018, Nilay lost a friend, young and full of potential, due to a car accident, which made him realize how lucky he was to be here with all the dreams that he had. So he decided not to waste a single moment and started contributing his time to a noble cause.
With zero knowledge about setting up a social organization, Nilay simply made a few cookies and distributed them in a nearby welfare organization at first. Employing social media, he uploaded a video of the activity online. “ At first, people laughed at me. They didn’t believe I was serious or had any long-term plans. But I knew I was going to go on until my actions effected a change,” he says.
When one after the other similar deeds by this lone fighter were noticed, people gave credence to his efforts and started coming forward to join him. Sankalp Tandon, one of Nilay’s acquaintances, decided to help him upon seeing his work. Afterwards the Vishalakshi Foundation was set up in memory of his friend. Then it developed its first programme — the Project Hunger.
As he says, no one has a stronger will than the youth of a country. Considering this as his only resource, he started encouraging students of Delhi University to join the programme. He first appointed some leaders in 22 colleges. They then went on reaching out to others to join the organization and form volunteer groups in their colleges. Meanwhile, online crowdfunding(众筹) platforms assisted with funding campaigns that could support the upscaling (升级) of operation. In 2020, the organization was recognized by the Governor of Uttar Pradesh, Anandiben Patel for its widespread efforts.
4. What pushed Nilay to take action to remove hunger
A. His car accident. B. His childhood dream.
C. The death of his friend. D. The potential of social organizations.
5. What does the underlined part “ gave credence to” probably mean
A. Promoted. B. Praised. C. Evaluated. D. Trusted.
6. Which of the following words can best describe Nilay
A. Generous and brave. B. Reliable and faithful.
C. Determined and caring. D. Adventurous and creative.
7. What can be inferred about the organization from the last paragraph
A. It is officially operated. B. It really makes a difference.
C. It needs further expansion. D. It is targeted at college students.
【答案】4. C 5. D 6. C 7. B
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇记叙文。主要讲述了尼莱·阿加瓦尔在经历变故之后努力成立一个公益组织，致力于消除饥饿的追梦历程。
【4题详解】
细节理解题。根据第一段中“A 28-year-old young man, Nilay Agarwal, says that he had always dreamed of doing his bit for removing the root of hunger but it was only after a life-changing incident that he dared to step out of his comfort zone to do something about it.”（28岁的年轻人尼莱·阿加瓦尔(Nilay Agarwal)说，他一直梦想着为消除饥饿的根源尽自己的一份力量，但直到发生了一件改变人生的事情后，他才敢于走出自己的舒适区，为此做点什么。）以及第二段“In 2018, Nilay lost a friend, young and full of potential, due to a car accident, which made him realize how lucky he was to be here with all the dreams that he had. So he decided not to waste a single moment and started contributing his time to a noble cause.”（2018年，由于一场车祸，尼莱失去了一位年轻而充满潜力的朋友，这让他意识到自己是多么幸运，能够在这里拥有所有的梦想。所以他决定不浪费一分一秒，开始为一项崇高的事业贡献自己的时间。）可知，尼莱采取行动消除饥饿是因为他的一个朋友在车祸中去世，这促使他迈出了实现梦想的第一步。故选C项。
【5题详解】
词义猜测题。根据第三段中“They didn’t believe I was serious or had any long-term plans. But I knew I was going to go on until my actions effected a change,” he says.”（他们不相信我是认真的，也不相信我有任何长期计划。但我知道我要坚持下去，直到我的行动带来改变。）以及第四段划线单词句中“and started coming forward to join him.”（并开始挺身而出加入他的行列。）由此可知，此处为当人们注意到这个孤独的战士一个接一个的类似行为时，人们相信了他的努力，并开始挺身而出加入他的行列。故可猜测划线短语gave credence to为“给予信任”的意思，结合选项D项Trusted“信任”意思一致。故选D项。
【6题详解】
推理判断题。根据第一段中“Nilay Agarwal, says that he had always dreamed of doing his bit for removing the root of hunger”（尼莱·阿加瓦尔(Nilay Agarwal)说，他一直梦想着为消除饥饿的根源尽自己的一份力量。）可知，尼莱·阿加瓦尔是一个富有爱心的人。以及第三段中“At first, people laughed at me. They didn’t believe I was serious or had any long-term plans. But I knew I was going to go on until my actions effected a change,” he says.”（“一开始，人们嘲笑我。他们不相信我是认真的，也不相信我有任何长期计划。但我知道我要坚持下去，直到我的行动带来改变。”）可知，面对人们的质疑，尼莱没有放弃，而是继续坚持。由此可知，他是一个意志坚定的人。故选C项。
【7题详解】
推理判断题。根据最后一段中“Considering this as his only resource, he started encouraging students of Delhi University to join the programme. He first appointed some leaders in 22 colleges. They then went on reaching out to others to join the organization and form volunteer groups in their colleges. Meanwhile, online crowdfunding(众筹) platforms assisted with funding campaigns that could support the upscaling (升级) of operation. In 2020, the organization was recognized by the Governor of Uttar Pradesh, Anandiben Patel for its widespread efforts.”（考虑到这是他唯一的资源，他开始鼓励德里大学的学生加入这个项目。他首先任命了22个学院的一些领导。然后，他们继续联系其他人加入该组织，并在他们的大学里组建志愿者团体。与此同时，在线众筹平台协助进行融资活动，以支持运营的升级。2020年，该组织因其广泛的努力得到了北方邦州长Anandiben Patel的认可。）可知，尼莱的公益组织不仅得到了大学生的支持，网络众筹平台也大力协助其扩大规模，还得到了政府的认可。由此推之，该组织确实产生了影响。故选B项。
C
What are scientists They are often described as gray-haired white-coated dull scholars.
But the world has changed.Young scientists are making their voices heard and releasing their powers on the world stage.
This is also true in China.Rising stars include new materials expert Gong Yongji,university professor Liu Mingzhen,and biologist Wan Ruixue.At the age of 28 in 2018,Wan Ruixue received the 2018 Science & SciLifeLab Prize for Young Scientists.This is a global prize to reward outstanding scientists at an early stage of their careers.
She focuses mainly on biomedicine (生物医学) and artificial intelligence.“Both are cutting-edge (前沿) technologies at an early stage of development,” she said.
“So,I think they have great potential to be developed.I think in the study of cutting-edge technologies,China and other leading countries in the world are standing on the same starting line.And in the study of structural biology,China is likely to become the leader.”
She felt it was her fate to become a biologist.“I grew interested in the natural world,when I was very young,” she said.In 2009,she entered Sun Yat-sen University.
In her third year at the university,she realized that she wanted to do something related to biomedicine.So she emailed China’s top biologist Shi Yigong,hoping to join his lab at Tsinghua University.
Shi recognised her talent and welcomed her.Years of efforts at the lab have paid off.Her research on the high-definition 3D structure of spliceosome led to a scientific breakthrough.
Unlike many of other young scientists who choose to pursue further study abroad,Wan currently has no plan to go overseas.
“The whole ecosystem for scientific research is continually improving in China,” she said,adding that the country has great science facilities.
8. What does the underlined word “releasing” in paragraph 2 mean
A. Giving out. B. Getting over.
C. Finding out. D. Taking over.
9. What does Wan Ruixue feel about the study of cutting-edge technologies in China
A. Anxious. B. Confident.
C. Disappointed. D. Satisfied.
10. What can we learn about Wan Ruixue’s journey of becoming a biologist
A. Her teacher led her into the field.
B. She finds it’s easier than she thought.
C. Her contribution has been recognised.
D. She thinks it’s boring but worth trying.
11. Which can be the best title of the text
A. China’s Breakthrough in Science
B. Rising Young Scientists in China
C. Wan Ruixue:A Successful Young Scientist
D. New Image of Chinese Scientists
【答案】8. A 9. B 10. C 11. B
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇新闻报道。文章主要讲述了年轻的科学家们正在世界舞台上发声，并释放他们的力量。在中国也一样，越来越多的年轻科学家投身科学研究，对社会做出了巨大的贡献。他们对中国的科学技术和科学研究充满自信。
【8题详解】
词句猜测题。根据第二段划线单词前半句话“Young scientists are making their voices heard (年轻的科学家正在发出他们的声音)”可知，making their voices heard和releasing their powers并列，可以根据“making their voices heard (发出自己的声音)”推测出releasing有“发出，散发”之意，所以划线词意思是“发出”。故选A。
【9题详解】
推理判断题。根据第五段第二、三句话“I think in the study of cutting-edge technologies,China and other leading countries in the world are standing on the same starting line.And in the study of structural biology,China is likely to become the leader. (我认为在尖端技术的研究中，中国和世界上其他领先国家站在同一条起跑线上。在结构生物学研究方面，中国很可能成为领先者)”可推知，对中国前沿技术的研究，万蕊雪充满信心。故选B。
【10题详解】
细节理解题。根据倒数第三段“Shi recognised her talent and welcomed her.Years of efforts at the lab have paid off.Her research on the high-definition 3D structure of spliceosome led to a scientific breakthrough. (施认可了她的才能，并欢迎她。实验室多年的努力得到了回报。她对剪接体高清三维结构的研究取得了科学突破)”可知，在万蕊雪成为生物学家的过程中，她的付出得到了认可。故选C。
【11题详解】
主旨大意题。文章主要讲述年轻的科学家们正在世界舞台上发声，并释放他们的力量。在中国也一样，越来越多的年轻科学家投身科学研究，对社会做出了巨大的贡献。他们对中国的科学技术和科学研究充满自信。所以“中国崛起的年轻科学家”适合作本文的标题。故选B。
D
For many buyers, electric vehicles (EVs) are simply too expensive, their range is too limited, and charging them isn’t as quick and convenient as refueling at the gas stations. All these limitations have to do with the lithium-ion batteries (锂电池) that power the vehicles. They’re costly, heavy, and quick to run out of juice. To make matters worse, the batteries rely on liquid electrolytes (电解质) that can burn during crashes.
Making electric cars more competitive with gas-powered ones will require a breakthrough battery that overcomes those shortcomings. That, at least, is the argument of Jagdeep Singh, chief executive of QuantumScape, a Silicon Valley startup that claims to have developed just such a technology. The company says it did so by solving a chemistry puzzle: how to use lithium to boost the amount of energy that can be packed into a battery without posing a routine risk of fire or otherwise weakening performance. The company says it achieved this by developing a solid version of the flammable (易燃的) liquid electrolyte.
In an online presentation in December, QuantumScape displayed a series of charts showing that a single-layer lab version of the battery can be charged to more than 80% of its capacity in 15 minutes, last for hundreds of thousands of miles, and work fine at freezing temperatures. The company expects the batteries to be able to boost electric vehicles’ range by more than 80%: a car that can go 250 miles on a single charge today could drive 450 miles instead.
Indeed, the battery field is littered with examples of startups that promised breakthrough technologies but ultimately failed. And the challenges ahead of QuantumScape are enormous, particularly when it comes to turning its samples into commercial products that can be produced cheaply.
If the company succeeded, it could transform the EV marketplace. Cutting costs, boosting the range, and making charging convenient enough could broaden demand beyond people who can afford charging ports at home, and ease the anxieties of those who fear being left on longer trips.
12. What does the author mainly want to tell us in the first paragraph
A. The high cost of electric vehicles. B. The complaints of vehicle consumers.
C. The disadvantages of present batteries. D. The inconvenience of charging cars.
13. What does Jagdeep Singh think of electric cars
A. They consume more energy than gas-powered ones.
B. They should reduce performance to avoid the risk of fire.
C. They have gained an advantage over gas-powered ones now.
D. They need technology improvement in batteries’ performance.
14. How did QuantumScape present its achievement
A. By showing lab data online.
B. By testing the battery capacity on site.
C. By challenging the previous range record.
D. By displaying the working principles of electric cars.
15. What is the author’s attitude towards QuantumScape’s breakthrough
A. Dismissive. B. Objective. C. Doubtful. D. Positive.
【答案】12. C 13. D 14. A 15. B
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了硅谷初创公司QuantumScape针对目前锂电池的弱点，研发了易燃液体电解质的固体版本，以提高电池性能。
12题详解】
推理判断题。根据第一段中的最后两句“They’re costly, heavy, and quick to run out of juice. To make matters worse, the batteries rely on liquid electrolytes (电解质) that can burn during crashes.(它们成本高、重量重，而且很快就会耗尽果汁。更糟糕的是，电池依赖于液体电解质，这种电解质在碰撞时会燃烧)”可推知，该段主要在讲目前锂电池的缺点。故选 C。
【13题详解】
细节理解题。根据第二段前两句话“Making electric cars more competitive with gas-powered ones will require a breakthrough battery that overcomes those shortcomings. That, at least, is the argument of Jagdeep Singh, chief executive of QuantumScape, a Silicon Valley startup that claims to have developed just such a technology. (要使电动汽车与燃气汽车更具竞争力，就需要一种突破性的电池来克服这些缺点。至少，这是硅谷初创公司QuantumScape的首席执行官贾格迪普·辛格的论点，该公司声称已经开发出了这样一项技术)”可知，Jagdeep Singh认为要使电动汽车比汽油动力车更具竞争力，则需要研发克服上述缺点的突破性电池。故选 D。
【14题详解】
推理判断题。根据第三段中第一句话“In an online presentation in December, QuantumScape displayed a series of charts showing that a single-layer lab version of the battery can be charged to more than 80% of its capacity in 15 minutes, last for hundreds of thousands of miles, and work fine at freezing temperatures.(在12月一次在线演示中，QuantumScape展示了一系列图表，显示单层实验室版本的电池可以在15分钟内充电到80%以上的容量，续航数十万英里，并且在冰点下工作良好)”可推知，QuantumScape是通过在线展示实验室数据来说明其成就的。故选 A。
【15题详解】
推理判断题。根据第四段和第五段“If the company succeeded, it could transform the EV marketplace. Cutting costs, boosting the range, and making charging convenient enough could broaden demand beyond people who can afford charging ports at home, and ease the anxieties of those who fear being left on longer trips.(如果该公司成功了，它可以改变电动汽车市场。削减成本、提高续航里程并使充电足够方便，可以将需求扩大到那些在家里买得起充电端口的人之外，并缓解那些担心长途旅行的人的焦虑)”可知，作者既谈论了这家初创公司面临的挑战，也谈到了成功后可能带来的改变和产生的优势。由此推知，作者对 QuantumScape的研发成果持客观的态度。故选B。
第二节(共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分)
阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
Modern humans have only existed for a relatively short time, and maybe we’d like to stick around a lot longer. But how can we do that
Figure out climate change.
___16___There have been times in the past when it’s been hotter than it is today, and times when it’s been cooler. But there is something different about the past century. As far as we can tell from the record, there has been no time in Earth’s entire history when the climate has warmed so much in such a short amount of time. ___17___There are: more frequent and more severe extreme weather events like tornadoes and hurricanes; droughts increasing; more changeable weather, with seasons beginning to lack regularity; and sea level rises. While climate change doesn’t necessarily pose an existential threat to human existence, it surely poses a threat to how we like to live our lives in modern society.
Figure out nuclear weapons.
A single nuclear weapon doesn’t pose a threat to all of humanity, but the thousands of them in the world right now certainly do. ___18___Just consider all the “near misses” in recent history, where nuclear war was avoided thanks only to the quick thinking of individuals. We can only try our luck for so long. And one accident can lead to larger scale nuclear conflict. ___19___
Figure out asteroids(小行星).
If you want to know the terrible consequences for ignoring space borne threats, just ask the dinosaurs how well it worked out for them. Asteroids have the ability to cause massive extinction events, wiping out vast numbers of entire species. ___20___ For humanity to make it to the long-term, we need to equip ourselves with asteroid detection and reduction strategies
A. The consequences can’t be avoided.
B. Countries are joining hands to solve it.
C. Now the chances of one nuclear explosion increase.
D. The earth’s climate has changed for millions of years.
E. While these kinds of events are rare, the risks are severe.
F. And we can see the effects of climate change everywhere.
G. We need to disarm as much as possible to reduce the risk of disaster.
【答案】16. D 17. F 18. C 19. G 20. E
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了人类要想在世界上存活更长时间，需要解决三个问题：1.气候变暖问题；2.核武器问题；3.小行星问题。
【16题详解】
根据空格后的内容“There have been times in the past when it’s been hotter than it is today, and times when it’s been cooler.(过去有过比现在更热的时候，也有过比现在更冷的时候)”可知，过去有很多时期比现在热，也有很多时期比现在冷。由此可知上文应该在说，过去也有气候变化的现象存在，所以D项“The earth’s climate has changed for millions of years.(地球的气候已经改变了数百万年)”符合。故选D项。
【17题详解】
根据空格后的内容“There are: more frequent and more severe extreme weather events like tornadoes and hurricanes; droughts increasing; more changeable weather, with seasons beginning to lack regularity; and sea level rises.(有:更频繁和更严重的极端天气事件，如龙卷风和飓风；干旱增加；天气更加多变，季节开始缺乏规律性；海平面上升)”可知，这句话列举了很多气候变化带来的影响，所以这句话之前应该是在说，气候变化会带来很多影响，所以F项“And we can see the effects of climate change everywhere.(气候变化的影响随处可见)”符合文意。故选F项。
【18题详解】
根据空格的前一句话“A single nuclear weapon doesn’t pose a threat to all of humanity, but the thousands of them in the world right now certainly do.(一枚核武器不会对全人类构成威胁，但现在世界上成千上万的核武器肯定会对全人类构成威胁)”和空格的后一句话“Just consider all the ‘near misses’ in recent history, where nuclear war was avoided thanks only to the quick thinking of individuals.(想想近代史上所有的“险些”，核战争的避免都要归功于个人的敏捷思维)”可知文章的逻辑思路是：一个核武器不会对全人类造成威胁，但现在成千上万个核武器一定会造成威胁。现在单个核爆炸的可能性在增加。看一下近代历史上“差点爆发”的核战争之所以避免了，仅仅是因为个人脑子反应快。“A single nuclear”对应的是C选项的“one nuclear explosion”。而“near misses(差点爆发)”又印证了C选项的“the chances of one nuclear explosion increase(单个核爆炸的可能性在增加)”。故选C项。
【19题详解】
分析设空，位于段尾，是本段的总结句，根据本段小标题“Figure out nuclear weapons.(搞清楚核武器)”，以及空前都在讨论核武器问题，作为本段结尾句得出结论：我们需要尽可能多地解除武装，以降低灾难风险。所以G项“We need to disarm as much as possible to reduce the risk of disaster.(我们需要尽可能地解除武装，以减少发生灾难的风险)”符合文意，其中“disaster”指的就是“nuclear conflict”。故选G项。
【20题详解】
根据空格的前一句话“Asteroids have the ability to cause massive extinction events, wiping out vast numbers of entire species.(小行星有能力造成大规模灭亡，消灭大部分物种)”。E选项中“these kinds of events”指的是这句话中的“massive extinction events”。E选项正好承接这句话，进一步说明：虽然这类事件不常见，但一旦发生，危险极大。故选E项。
第三部分 语言运用(共两节，满分30分)
第一节 完形填空(共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分)
阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
In 2016, Lorna challenged her 12-year-old son Sivert to distance himself from social media until he was 18. If he ____21____ the challenge, she’d award him $1,800 on his 18th birthday. On February 19, 2022, Sivert claimed (索取) his ____22____.
Lorna was inspired by a ____23____ she heard on the radio called the “16 for 16”, where a mother gave her daughter $1,600 when she turned 16 if she ____24____ social media.
Sivert said it wasn’t too ____25____ to live without social media, and he didn’t think about it much during the six years. As a 12 year old, Sivert said he wasn’t using social media much ____26____. Before the ____27____, the only app was Snapchat—which he deleted a day after ____28____ it out.
“I wouldn’t say there was ever a time where I thought I was about to ____29____,” he said. “As it went on, it was more of a ____30____ thing.”
He also had his friends to ____31____ him up to date on the latest ____32____ or trends (趋势). “I got to ____33____ all the unnecessary drama that was on there,” Sivert added.
Lorna said she never had to ____34____ for any sneakily downloaded apps. “He’s so ____35____. It was definitely more for proving a point,” she said. It also meant he had more time to focus on his grades and sports instead.
21. A. accepted B. met C. completed D. faced
22. A. prize B. apple C. cycle D. prediction
23. A. contest B. challenge C. process D. comment
24. A. showed off B. put off C. took off D. stayed off
25. A. dissimilar B. complex C. inspiring D. difficult
26. A. instead B. anyway C. somehow D. anymore
27. A. promise B. campaign C. bet D. choice
28. A. trying B. figuring C. picking D. turning
29. A. change B. break C. protest D. end
30. A. fun B. proud C. financial D. mental
31. A. urge B. force C. keep D. cause
32. A. information B. features C. versions D. technology
33. A. abandon B. avoid C. recognize D. ignore
34. A. pay B. long C. wait D. check
35. A. competitive B. defensive C. addictive D. creative
【答案】21. C 22. A 23. B 24. D 25. D 26. B 27. C 28. A 29. B 30. B 31. C 32. A 33. B 34. D 35. A
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇记叙文，主要讲述了Lorna向12岁儿子Sivert提出挑战，要求他在18岁之前远离社交媒体，Sivert完成了挑战，并获得了奖励。
【21题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：如果他完成了挑战，她会在他18岁生日时奖励他1800美元。A. accepted接受；B. met遇见；C. completed完成；D. faced面对。根据下文“she’d award him $1,800 on his 18th birthday”可知，要他完成了挑战，他妈妈才会给他奖励。故选C。
【22题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：2022年2月19日，Sivert领奖。A. prize奖项；B. apple苹果；C. cycle循环，周期；D. prediction预测。根据上文“award him $1,800”可知，Sivert完成了挑战，所以他领奖，空格处意为“奖项”。故选A。
【23题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：Lorna的灵感来自于她在广播中听到的一个名为“16换16”的挑战，一位母亲在女儿16岁时给她1600美元，前提是她不再使用社交媒体。A. contest比赛；B. challenge挑战；C. process过程；D. comment评论。根据下文“she heard on the radio called the “16 for 16”, where a mother gave her daughter $1,600 when she turned 16 if she ____4____ social media”可知，她在广播中听到了这个挑战。故选B。
【24题详解】
考查动词短语辨析。句意：Lorna的灵感来自于她在广播中听到的一个名为“16换16”的挑战，一位母亲在女儿16岁时给她1600美元，前提是她不再使用社交媒体。A. showed off炫耀；B. put off推迟；C. took off起飞；D. stayed off远离。根据上文“Sivert to distance himself from social media”可知，此处表示不使用社交媒体。故选D。
【25题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：Sivert说，没有社交媒体的生活并不太难，他在这六年里并没有想太多。A. dissimilar不同的；B. complex复杂的；C. inspiring鼓舞人心的；D. difficult困难的。根据上文下文“he didn’t think about it much”可知，他没有想太多社交媒体，所以觉得没有社交媒体的生活并不太难。故选D。
【26题详解】
考查副词词义辨析。句意：作为一个12岁的孩子，Sivert说他无论如何都不使用社交媒体。A. instead相反；B. anyway无论如何；C. somehow不知怎么地；D. anymore不再。根据上文“As a 12 year old, Sivert said he wasn’t using social media much”可知，Sivert决定，无论如何他都不使用社交媒体。故选B。
【27题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：在打赌之前，唯一的应用是snapchat——他试用一天后就把它删除了。A. promise承诺；B. campaign运动；C. bet打赌；D. choice选择。根据上文“Before”和第一段的“In 2016, Lorna challenged her 12-year-old son Sivert to distance himself from social media until he was 18. If he ____1____ the challenge, she’d award him $1,800 on his 18th birthday”可知，这是西弗特的妈妈向他发出的挑战，也就像一个赌约，此处表示在打赌之前。故选C。
【28题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：在打赌之前，唯一的应用是snapchat——他试用一天后就把它删除了。A. trying尝试；B. figuring认为；C. picking挑选；D. turning转向。根据上文“which he deleted a day after”可知，他在用了这个软件一天后就删了，所以此处表示只是试用了一下。故选A。
【29题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：他说：“我从来没有觉得自己快要崩溃了。”A. change改变；B. break崩溃；C. protest反对；D. end结束。根据上文“Sivert said it wasn’t too ____5____ to live without social media”可知，他不觉得没有社交媒体是困难的事情，所以从来没有因为没有社交媒体而崩溃。故选B。
【30题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：随着时间的推移，这更像是一件值得骄傲的事情。A. fun有趣的；B. proud骄傲的；C. financial财政的；D. mental精神的。根据上文“As it went on”和第一段的“On February 19, 2022, Sivert claimed (索取) his ____2____.”可知，他最终是完成了挑战，所以随着时间的推移，这是一件值得骄傲的事情。故选B。
【31题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：他也有他的朋友让他了解最新的信息或趋势。A. urge催促；B. force迫使；C. keep保持；D. cause导致。根据下文“him up to date on the latest ____12____ or trends (趋势). “I got to ____13____ all the unnecessary drama that was on there”可知，他朋友使他了解最新的信息，空格处意为“保持”。故选C。
【32题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：他也有他朋友让他了解最新的信息或趋势。A. information信息；B. features特点；C. versions版本；D. technology技术。根据下文“or trends”可知，此处指了解最新的信息或趋势。故选A。
【33题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：“我必须避免所有不必要的戏剧，”Sivert补充说。A. abandon放弃；B. avoid避免；C. recognize认出；D. ignore忽视。根据下文“all the unnecessary drama”可知，既然是不必要的戏剧，那肯定是避免。故选B。
【34题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：Lorna说她从来不用查看任何偷偷下载的应用程序。A. pay支付；B. long渴望；C. wait等待；D. check查看。根据下文“for any sneakily downloaded apps”可知，她从来不用查看任何偷偷下载的应用程序。故选D。
【35题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：他太好胜了。A. competitive好胜的；B. defensive防御的；C. addictive使人成瘾的；D. creative创造（性）的。根据下文“It was definitely more for proving a point”可知，Sivert是好胜的，想要赢。故选A。
第二节(共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分)
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
Huishan clay figurines (泥人) are produced in the western suburb of Wuxi, Jiangsu Province, and are one of China’s most famous folk arts, having a history ____36____(stretch) back over a thousand years.
The craft originated in the Southern Dynasties and reached ____37____(it) peak in the Qing Dynasty. During the Qing, an artist made five clay figurines for Emperor Qianlong(1711~1799) and ____38____(reward) with high praise from the royal family.
Huishan figurines differ from those of other localities in that they are always small and always feature a big head. They divide into two types - mold-pressed and hand-crafted. The ____39____(cheap), molded figures often serve as children’s toys while the hand-crafted pieces are more refined and original.
The characters depicted (描绘) come ____40____(large) from legends and Chinese opera plots. Da A Fu, a plump(微胖的) boy holding a fish, is the most popular figure in Huishan clay art. The legend ____41____(go) that long, long ago, a god, disguised as a boy, beat a fierce lion ____42____ saved the children in Huishan.
____43____(express) appreciation, local people started to make clay figures of their boy savior Da A Fu. One-third of the overall figure is taken up by Da A Fu’s large head, ___44___ a face round as a full moon and big ears reaching down to his shoulders. It is ____45____ image implying happiness and good fortune.
【答案】36. stretching
37. its 38. was rewarded
39. cheaper
40. largely
41. goes 42. and
43. To express
44. with 45. an
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了惠山泥人的历史，并着重介绍了泥人大阿福的由来和对当地人的意义。
【36题详解】
考查非谓语动词。句意：惠山泥人产于江苏省无锡市西郊，是中国最著名的民间艺术之一，有着一千多年的历史。分析句子可知，空处应填非谓语动词作后置定语修饰名词history，stretch与逻辑主语history为主动关系，应用现在分词。故填stretching。
【37题详解】
考查代词。句意：这种工艺起源于南朝，在清朝达到顶峰。修饰后文名词peak，表示“它的”，应用形容词性物主代词its。故填its。
【38题详解】
考查时态和语态。句意：清代，一位艺术家为乾隆皇帝（1711~1799）制作了五尊泥人，受到皇室的高度赞扬。空处和上文made并列作谓语，主语artist和reward之间为被动关系，且陈述过去发生的事情，应用一般过去时的被动语态；主语是单数，故填was rewarded。
【39题详解】
考查形容词比较级。句意：较便宜的塑料模型人物通常用作儿童玩具，而手工制作的作品则更精致、更新颖。根据下文more refined and original可知，此处是指相比之下塑料模型人物的价格更加便宜，因此空处用比较级cheaper作定语，修饰名词短语molded figures。故填cheaper。
【40题详解】
考查副词。句意：所描绘的人物主要来自传说和中国戏曲情节。修饰动词短语come from，应用所给词的副词形式。故填largely。
【41题详解】
考查时态。句意：传说很久很久以前，在惠山，一个神，伪装成一个男孩，打了一头凶猛的狮子，救了孩子们。空处为主句谓语，陈述客观事实，应用一般现在时，主语the legend为第三人称单数，谓语动词用单数形式。the legend goes that...“相传……”。故填goes。
【42题详解】
考查连词。句意：传说很久很久以前，在惠山，一个神，伪装成一个男孩，打了一头凶猛的狮子，救了孩子们。“打败凶猛的狮子”与“救了孩子们”是顺承关系，应用and连接。故填and。
【43题详解】
考查不定式。句意：为了表示感谢，当地人开始制作他们的救星大阿福的泥人。结合句意可知，人们制作泥人大阿福是为了表达感激，因此空处填不定式作目的状语，位于句首，首字母需大写。故填To express。
【44题详解】
考查with复合结构。句意：大阿福的大头占了整个形象的三分之一，脸圆得像满月，大耳朵垂到肩膀上。分析可知，此处为with复合结构作伴随状语，句中round和reaching down分别为形容词、现在分词作宾补。故填with。
【45题详解】
考查冠词。句意：这是一个象征幸福和好运的形象。image“形象”是可数名词，此处为泛指，应用不定冠词修饰，且image的发音是元音音素开头，故填an。
第四部分写作(共两节，满分40分)
第一节(满分15分)
46. 请根据所给标题(How I Benefit from English Reading)完成你们英语老师布置的英语作文，内容包括：
1．你有哪些收益(至少三点)；
2．你的倡议。
注意：
1．写作词数应为80左右；
2．请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
How I Benefit from English Reading
_______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
【答案】参考范文
How I Benefit from English Reading
I have a great love for English reading and have benefited a lot from it. First of all, it broadens my mind. I have gained vast knowledge of how the world works through varieties of reading materials. Furthermore, by reading widely on different subjects,I experienced a rich cultural diversity. Certainly,reading is also beneficial to my language learning, increasing my vocabulary and allowing me to experience a living English language.
So keep on reading. The more you read, the more benefits you will enjoy.
【解析】
【导语】本篇书面表达属于应用文。要求考生以How I Benefit from English Reading为题写一篇英语作文。
【详解】1.词汇积累
获得：gain → get
此外：furthermore → besides
肯定地：certainly → surely
继续：keep on → continue
2.句式拓展
简单句变复合句
原句：Furthermore, by reading widely on different subjects, I experienced a rich cultural diversity.
拓展句：Furthermore, it is by reading widely on different subjects that I experienced a rich cultural diversity.
【点睛】【高分句型1】I have gained vast knowledge of how the world works through varieties of reading materials.（运用了how引导的宾语从句）
【高分句型2】The more you read, the more benefits you will enjoy.（运用了“the+比较级，the+比较级”句型）
第二节(满分25分)
47. 阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。
My name is Bronson Layton. I am 23 years old, I am a college student, and I have a story that I feel should be shared with the world.
I come from a family that had never had a single record of ancestry with autism (自闭症), until the day I was born. When I was two years old, my parents were still getting used to the lifestyle of raising a normal kid, but what they had noticed was what they considered “out of the ordinary” behavior. Whatever toys I played with, I placed them in a straight line. When I was not satisfied, I got angry easily.
Soon after my parents noticed these signs, they took me to a child expert, who eventually informed them that I was diagnosed (诊断) with a type of autism, a disorder that delays the nervous growth of a child’s brain.
My diagnosis was in 1999, a time when autism was still not commonly understood and was still being observed. At first, my parents were shocked at the news from an expert that I was going to grow up blind, but they (and I) were not prepared for how the following events would completely change our lives forever.
As I got older, I began to change from keeping myself alone to getting with other kids once I entered public school in first grade. I noticed how the other kids were able to answer questions in class a lot faster than I could understand. Because of my slow thinking, it took me two minutes to come up with an answer. From that year on, I received special accommodations for my studies, such as sitting in front of the class to read the blackboard better, and taking longer time on tests.
注意：
1. 续写词数应为150个左右；
2. 请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
My teacher and classmates tried their best to help me.
____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Thanks to my classmates, I made great changes.
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【答案】One possible version:
My teacher and classmates tried their best to help me. I found more and more classmates were very friendly and kind to me. They often discussed questions and did homework with me. Several classmates always invited me to go to school with them. On the way, we talked happily. My teacher tried to ask me to answer many questions in class. What benefited me most was that the teacher let me attend the school summer camp, and I fully integrated into the society.
Thanks to my classmates, I made great changes. In class, I could answer the teacher’s questions correctly and quickly. I no longer felt lonely and I became active and cheerful. I would warmly greet my classmates when I met them. And I made a lot of good friends. I also participated in various activities in school, such as playing basketball and football. I also took part in speech competitions. I got A’s in all my subjects. Finally, I was admitted to a famous university.
【解析】
【导语】本文以事件为线索展开，讲述了现在已经是一名大学生的作者小时候被确诊为自闭症患者，当时自闭症还没有被广泛了解，父母和作者没有准备好这种病将如何改变他们的生活。在作者进入公立学校一年级的时候，他注意到与其他孩子相比自己要花更多的时间去思考答案，因此在学习上他开始得到特殊照顾。
【详解】1. 段落续写：
①由第一段首句内容“我的老师和同学尽了最大的努力来帮助我。”可知，第一段可描写老师和同学分别给予作者的帮助。
②由第二段首句内容“感谢我的同学，我做出了很大的改变。”可知，第二段可描写作者在学习和生活上积极的改变，以及最后学习很好顺利进入大学。
2. 续写线索：老师和同学尽力帮助——同学的帮助——老师的帮助——作者有了改变——学习和生活的改变——顺利进入大学
3. 词汇激活
行为类
①讨论：discuss/talk about
②要求：ask/request
③打招呼：greet/address/say hello to
④参与：participate in/take part in/attend
⑤得到：get/obtain/gain
情绪类
①开心地：happily/merrily/joyfully
②孤单的：lonely/isolated
【点睛】[高分句型1] What benefited me most was that the teacher let me attend the school summer camp, and I fully integrated into the society. (what引导主语从句、that引导表语从句)
[高分句型2] I would warmly greet my classmates when I met them. (when引导时间状语从句)鸡西实验中学2023-2024学年度第一学期高三第三次考试
英语试卷
满分：150分
第一部分：听力测试(共两节，满分30分)
第一节(共5小题每小题1.5分，满分7.5分)
听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A. B. C三个选项中选出最佳选项，听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。
1. What will the speakers do next
A. Visit a friend. B. Pick up Billy. C. Buy some beans.
2. Who is Andy Clarks
A. A public librarian. B. ATV actor. C. A famous lawyer.
3. What are the speakers talking about
A. Gifts for Jason. B. A baseball game. C. The woman’s retirement.
4. What went on at Cooper’s last night
A. A movie show. B. A birthday party. C. A sales promotion.
5. What problem do the speakers have
A. They are late for work. B. They get stuck in traffic. C. They have lost their way.
第二节(共15小题：每小题1.5分，满分22.5分)
听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟：听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。
听第6段材料。回答第6、7题。
6. Where are the speakers
A. At home. B. At the office. C. At the airport
7. How does Sara sound
A. Anxious. B. Surprised. C. Grateful
听第7段材料，回答第8至10题。
8 What made Miss Johnson choose teaching as a profession
A. Pressure from her family. B. Her passion for the work. C. A teacher’s encouragement.
9. What does Miss Johnson think is the best part of her job
A. Being with children. B. Winning others’ respect. C. Learning different things.
10. What does Miss Johnson want her students to become
A. Lifelong learners B. Creative thinkers. C. Good communicators.
听第8段材料，回答第11至13题。
11. What does Becky like about living with her parents
A. They have a big house B. They cook meals for her C. They pay all her expenses.
12. What does Ethan suggest Becky do regarding her mother
A. Have patience. B. Provide company. C. Express gratitude
13. Why is Ethan concerned about his parents living on their own
A. They may feel lonely.
B. They may fail to get along.
C. They may have an emergency.
听第9段材料，回答第14至17题。
14 Whose speech did the woman listen to this morning
A. John Miller’s. B. David Thompson’s. C. Allan Brown’s.
15. What is the workshop in the afternoon about
A. Knowledge economy. B. Risk assessment. C. Employee motivation.
16 What does the woman say about her job
A. It can be challenging. B. It is truly interesting. C. It will be rewarding.
17. What do the man and the woman both want to do
A. Apply for a new position.
B. Offer their staff a salary raise.
C. Improve their management skills.
听第10段材料，回答第18至20题。
18. What does the speaker probably do
A. She’s a medical doctor. B. She’s a fitness instructor. C. She’s a swimming coach.
19. What is a common workout mistake
A. Focusing only on building muscles.
B. Taking too many types of exercises.
C. Doing the same routine all the time.
20. How often does the speaker suggest people do hard workouts
A. Once a week. B. Twice a week. C. Three times a week.
第二部分 阅读(共两节，满分50分)
第一节(共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分)
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。
A
Autumn Reading
Rez Dogs
Rez Dogs, by Joseph Bruchac is a book written in verse (诗). It’s about an eighth-grader named MalianShe’s visiting her grandparents at their home on a Wabanaki reservation when COVID-19 hits. During lockdown, Malian learns more from her grandparents about her Native family’s history.
Omar Rising
Omar Rising, by Aisha Saeed tells the story of the son of a servant in Pakistan. Omar is excited that he has won a scholarship (奖学金) to a boarding school. But when he gets there he discovers that his scholarship is offered with special conditions. To stay at the school, Omar must do chores (杂活) and get better grades than the wealthy students. And he’s not allowed to join clubs or teams. When his future at the school does seem bright, he and his friends work hard to create fairness for all.
The Ice Cream Machine
The Ice Cream Machine is no common book. It’s six different stories rolled into one book. Each story has a very different plot (情节) about ice cream. One ice-cream story is about a boy and his robot in the distant future. Another is about a father and daughter who invent an ice-cream machine. The Ice Cream Machine is inventive and fun. Its author,Adam Rubin, hopes the book encourages kids to write.
Sugar and Spite
Sugar and Spite, by Gail D.Villanueva, finds 12-year-old Jolina newly arrived on an island in the Philippines. It’s there that she learns how to make magic. Jolina uses that magic to get a bully (仗势欺人者) named Claudine off her back. Filipino history and culture are shown in the book. Villanueva said that kids should read about places and cultures different from their own.
1. What problem does Omar have
A. He finds it difficult to learn magic. B. He is unable to visit his grandparents.
C. He receives unfair treatment at school D. He has no money to buy an ice-cream machine
2. What do we know about Adam Rubin’s book
A. It is a guidebook. B. It is a travel diary.
C. It is a verse novel. D. It is a collection of stories.
3. Which book will you choose if you are interested in the culture and history of the Philippines
A. Rez Dogs. B. Omar Rising.
C. Sugar and Spite. D. The Ice Cream Machine.
B
A 28-year-old young man, Nilay Agarwal, says that he had always dreamed of doing his bit for removing the root of hunger but it was only after a life-changing incident that he dared to step out of his comfort zone to do something about it.
In 2018, Nilay lost a friend, young and full of potential, due to a car accident, which made him realize how lucky he was to be here with all the dreams that he had. So he decided not to waste a single moment and started contributing his time to a noble cause.
With zero knowledge about setting up a social organization, Nilay simply made a few cookies and distributed them in a nearby welfare organization at first. Employing social media, he uploaded a video of the activity online. “ At first, people laughed at me. They didn’t believe I was serious or had any long-term plans. But I knew I was going to go on until my actions effected a change,” he says.
When one after the other similar deeds by this lone fighter were noticed, people gave credence to his efforts and started coming forward to join him. Sankalp Tandon, one of Nilay’s acquaintances, decided to help him upon seeing his work. Afterwards the Vishalakshi Foundation was set up in memory of his friend. Then it developed its first programme — the Project Hunger.
As he says, no one has a stronger will than the youth of a country. Considering this as his only resource, he started encouraging students of Delhi University to join the programme. He first appointed some leaders in 22 colleges. They then went on reaching out to others to join the organization and form volunteer groups in their colleges. Meanwhile, online crowdfunding(众筹) platforms assisted with funding campaigns that could support the upscaling (升级) of operation. In 2020, the organization was recognized by the Governor of Uttar Pradesh, Anandiben Patel for its widespread efforts.
4. What pushed Nilay to take action to remove hunger
A. His car accident. B. His childhood dream.
C. The death of his friend. D. The potential of social organizations.
5. What does the underlined part “ gave credence to” probably mean
A. Promoted. B. Praised. C. Evaluated. D. Trusted.
6. Which of the following words can best describe Nilay
A. Generous and brave. B. Reliable and faithful.
C. Determined and caring. D. Adventurous and creative.
7. What can be inferred about the organization from the last paragraph
A. It is officially operated. B. It really makes a difference.
C. It needs further expansion. D. It is targeted at college students.
C
What are scientists They are often described as gray-haired white-coated dull scholars.
But the world has changed.Young scientists are making their voices heard and releasing their powers on the world stage.
This is also true in China.Rising stars include new materials expert Gong Yongji,university professor Liu Mingzhen,and biologist Wan Ruixue.At the age of 28 in 2018,Wan Ruixue received the 2018 Science & SciLifeLab Prize for Young Scientists.This is a global prize to reward outstanding scientists at an early stage of their careers.
She focuses mainly on biomedicine (生物医学) and artificial intelligence.“Both are cutting-edge (前沿) technologies at an early stage of development,” she said.
“So,I think they have great potential to be developed.I think in the study of cutting-edge technologies,China and other leading countries in the world are standing on the same starting line.And in the study of structural biology,China is likely to become the leader.”
She felt it was her fate to become a biologist.“I grew interested in the natural world,when I was very young,” she said.In 2009,she entered Sun Yat-sen University.
In her third year at the university,she realized that she wanted to do something related to biomedicine.So she emailed China’s top biologist Shi Yigong,hoping to join his lab at Tsinghua University.
Shi recognised her talent and welcomed her.Years of efforts at the lab have paid off.Her research on the high-definition 3D structure of spliceosome led to a scientific breakthrough.
Unlike many of other young scientists who choose to pursue further study abroad,Wan currently has no plan to go overseas.
“The whole ecosystem for scientific research is continually improving in China,” she said,adding that the country has great science facilities.
8. What does the underlined word “releasing” in paragraph 2 mean
A. Giving out. B. Getting over.
C. Finding out. D. Taking over.
9. What does Wan Ruixue feel about the study of cutting-edge technologies in China
A. Anxious. B. Confident.
C. Disappointed. D. Satisfied.
10. What can we learn about Wan Ruixue’s journey of becoming a biologist
A Her teacher led her into the field.
B. She finds it’s easier than she thought.
C. Her contribution has been recognised.
D. She thinks it’s boring but worth trying.
11. Which can be the best title of the text
A. China’s Breakthrough in Science
B. Rising Young Scientists in China
C. Wan Ruixue:A Successful Young Scientist
D. New Image of Chinese Scientists
D
For many buyers, electric vehicles (EVs) are simply too expensive, their range is too limited, and charging them isn’t as quick and convenient as refueling at the gas stations. All these limitations have to do with the lithium-ion batteries (锂电池) that power the vehicles. They’re costly, heavy, and quick to run out of juice. To make matters worse, the batteries rely on liquid electrolytes (电解质) that can burn during crashes.
Making electric cars more competitive with gas-powered ones will require a breakthrough battery that overcomes those shortcomings. That, at least, is the argument of Jagdeep Singh, chief executive of QuantumScape, a Silicon Valley startup that claims to have developed just such a technology. The company says it did so by solving a chemistry puzzle: how to use lithium to boost the amount of energy that can be packed into a battery without posing a routine risk of fire or otherwise weakening performance. The company says it achieved this by developing a solid version of the flammable (易燃的) liquid electrolyte.
In an online presentation in December, QuantumScape displayed a series of charts showing that a single-layer lab version of the battery can be charged to more than 80% of its capacity in 15 minutes, last for hundreds of thousands of miles, and work fine at freezing temperatures. The company expects the batteries to be able to boost electric vehicles’ range by more than 80%: a car that can go 250 miles on a single charge today could drive 450 miles instead.
Indeed, the battery field is littered with examples of startups that promised breakthrough technologies but ultimately failed. And the challenges ahead of QuantumScape are enormous, particularly when it comes to turning its samples into commercial products that can be produced cheaply.
If the company succeeded, it could transform the EV marketplace. Cutting costs, boosting the range, and making charging convenient enough could broaden demand beyond people who can afford charging ports at home, and ease the anxieties of those who fear being left on longer trips.
12. What does the author mainly want to tell us in the first paragraph
A. The high cost of electric vehicles. B. The complaints of vehicle consumers.
C. The disadvantages of present batteries. D. The inconvenience of charging cars.
13. What does Jagdeep Singh think of electric cars
A. They consume more energy than gas-powered ones.
B. They should reduce performance to avoid the risk of fire.
C. They have gained an advantage over gas-powered ones now.
D. They need technology improvement in batteries’ performance.
14. How did QuantumScape present its achievement
A. By showing lab data online.
B. By testing the battery capacity on site.
C By challenging the previous range record.
D. By displaying the working principles of electric cars.
15. What is the author’s attitude towards QuantumScape’s breakthrough
A. Dismissive. B. Objective. C. Doubtful. D. Positive.
第二节(共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分)
阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
Modern humans have only existed for a relatively short time, and maybe we’d like to stick around a lot longer. But how can we do that
Figure out climate change.
___16___There have been times in the past when it’s been hotter than it is today, and times when it’s been cooler. But there is something different about the past century. As far as we can tell from the record, there has been no time in Earth’s entire history when the climate has warmed so much in such a short amount of time. ___17___There are: more frequent and more severe extreme weather events like tornadoes and hurricanes; droughts increasing; more changeable weather, with seasons beginning to lack regularity; and sea level rises. While climate change doesn’t necessarily pose an existential threat to human existence, it surely poses a threat to how we like to live our lives in modern society.
Figure out nuclear weapons.
A single nuclear weapon doesn’t pose a threat to all of humanity, but the thousands of them in the world right now certainly do. ___18___Just consider all the “near misses” in recent history, where nuclear war was avoided thanks only to the quick thinking of individuals. We can only try our luck for so long. And one accident can lead to larger scale nuclear conflict. ___19___
Figure out asteroids(小行星).
If you want to know the terrible consequences for ignoring space borne threats, just ask the dinosaurs how well it worked out for them. Asteroids have the ability to cause massive extinction events, wiping out vast numbers of entire species. ___20___ For humanity to make it to the long-term, we need to equip ourselves with asteroid detection and reduction strategies
A. The consequences can’t be avoided.
B. Countries are joining hands to solve it.
C. Now the chances of one nuclear explosion increase.
D. The earth’s climate has changed for millions of years.
E. While these kinds of events are rare, the risks are severe.
F. And we can see the effects of climate change everywhere.
G. We need to disarm as much as possible to reduce the risk of disaster.
第三部分 语言运用(共两节，满分30分)
第一节 完形填空(共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分)
阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
In 2016, Lorna challenged her 12-year-old son Sivert to distance himself from social media until he was 18. If he ____21____ the challenge, she’d award him $1,800 on his 18th birthday. On February 19, 2022, Sivert claimed (索取) his ____22____.
Lorna was inspired by a ____23____ she heard on the radio called the “16 for 16”, where a mother gave her daughter $1,600 when she turned 16 if she ____24____ social media.
Sivert said it wasn’t too ____25____ to live without social media, and he didn’t think about it much during the six years. As a 12 year old, Sivert said he wasn’t using social media much ____26____. Before the ____27____, the only app was Snapchat—which he deleted a day after ____28____ it out.
“I wouldn’t say there was ever a time where I thought I was about to ____29____,” he said. “As it went on, it was more of a ____30____ thing.”
He also had his friends to ____31____ him up to date on the latest ____32____ or trends (趋势). “I got to ____33____ all the unnecessary drama that was on there,” Sivert added.
Lorna said she never had to ____34____ for any sneakily downloaded apps. “He’s so ____35____. It was definitely more for proving a point,” she said. It also meant he had more time to focus on his grades and sports instead.
21. A. accepted B. met C. completed D. faced
22. A. prize B. apple C. cycle D. prediction
23. A. contest B. challenge C. process D. comment
24. A. showed off B. put off C. took off D. stayed off
25. A. dissimilar B. complex C. inspiring D. difficult
26. A. instead B. anyway C. somehow D. anymore
27. A. promise B. campaign C. bet D. choice
28. A. trying B. figuring C. picking D. turning
29. A. change B. break C. protest D. end
30. A. fun B. proud C. financial D. mental
31. A. urge B. force C. keep D. cause
32. A. information B. features C. versions D. technology
33. A. abandon B. avoid C. recognize D. ignore
34. A. pay B. long C. wait D. check
35. A. competitive B. defensive C. addictive D. creative
第二节(共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分)
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
Huishan clay figurines (泥人) are produced in the western suburb of Wuxi, Jiangsu Province, and are one of China’s most famous folk arts, having a history ____36____(stretch) back over a thousand years.
The craft originated in the Southern Dynasties and reached ____37____(it) peak in the Qing Dynasty. During the Qing, an artist made five clay figurines for Emperor Qianlong(1711~1799) and ____38____(reward) with high praise from the royal family.
Huishan figurines differ from those of other localities in that they are always small and always feature a big head. They divide into two types - mold-pressed and hand-crafted. The ____39____(cheap), molded figures often serve as children’s toys while the hand-crafted pieces are more refined and original.
The characters depicted (描绘) come ____40____(large) from legends and Chinese opera plots. Da A Fu, a plump(微胖的) boy holding a fish, is the most popular figure in Huishan clay art. The legend ____41____(go) that long, long ago, a god, disguised as a boy, beat a fierce lion ____42____ saved the children in Huishan.
____43____(express) appreciation, local people started to make clay figures of their boy savior Da A Fu. One-third of the overall figure is taken up by Da A Fu’s large head, ___44___ a face round as a full moon and big ears reaching down to his shoulders. It is ____45____ image implying happiness and good fortune.
第四部分写作(共两节，满分40分)
第一节(满分15分)
46. 请根据所给标题(How I Benefit from English Reading)完成你们英语老师布置的英语作文，内容包括：
1．你有哪些收益(至少三点)；
2．你的倡议。
注意：
1．写作词数应为80左右；
2．请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
How I Benefit from English Reading
_______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
第二节(满分25分)
47. 阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。
My name is Bronson Layton. I am 23 years old, I am a college student, and I have a story that I feel should be shared with the world.
I come from a family that had never had a single record of ancestry with autism (自闭症), until the day I was born. When I was two years old, my parents were still getting used to the lifestyle of raising a normal kid, but what they had noticed was what they considered “out of the ordinary” behavior. Whatever toys I played with, I placed them in a straight line. When I was not satisfied, I got angry easily.
Soon after my parents noticed these signs, they took me to a child expert, who eventually informed them that I was diagnosed (诊断) with a type of autism, a disorder that delays the nervous growth of a child’s brain.
My diagnosis was in 1999, a time when autism was still not commonly understood and was still being observed. At first, my parents were shocked at the news from an expert that I was going to grow up blind, but they (and I) were not prepared for how the following events would completely change our lives forever.
As I got older, I began to change from keeping myself alone to getting with other kids once I entered public school in first grade. I noticed how the other kids were able to answer questions in class a lot faster than I could understand. Because of my slow thinking, it took me two minutes to come up with an answer. From that year on, I received special accommodations for my studies, such as sitting in front of the class to read the blackboard better, and taking longer time on tests.
注意：
1. 续写词数应为150个左右；
2. 请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
My teacher and classmates tried their best to help me.
____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Thanks to my classmates, I made great changes.
____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
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