高中试卷答案网课时把关练
Part III Using Language
基础知识练
Ⅰ. 单词拼写
1. If you don’t know how to acquire a license，you’d better use a d （目录）service to search for the information needed.
2. The premier declared that there would be stricter controls on the p （拥有）of weapons.
3. Norris twice knocked down his o （对手） without mercy in the early rounds of the fight.
4. According to the l （日志），the manned submersible sailed underwater for about a week before it came to the top.
5. The man was a （逮捕）and put into prison because he attempted to murder the prime minister of the country.
6. The merchant had m （怜悯） on the old man and gave him food and clothing.
Ⅱ . 用所给短语的适当形式填空
put into operation，cause damage，without mercy，come up with，take action，agree with，head to，take place，all of a sudden，amounts of
1. I am in favour of most of what my opponent said，but I don’t everything.
2. In the fairy tale，the cruel Prince would work his will on the people .
3. The leaders must now to promote equal opportunities for all merchants.
4. She and her child boarded a plane which where her family lived.
5. Do you think it necessary to ask for official permission for the event to
6. Cheaper energy conservation techniques have been in the developed world.
7. Our class an idea to make better use of used materials.
8. I was riding along the street and ，a car cut in and knocked me down.
9. The experiment shows that proper exercise， if carried out regularly，can improve our health. 10. You should be careful with these chemicals because they can to the liver，heart，and kidneys.
Ⅲ . 练通句型
【一句多译】
1. 你最好每天抽出一些时间做运动，这样你就可以保持精力充沛。
① You had better set aside some time every day for sports keep yourself energetic. （目的状语从句）
② You had better set aside some time every day for sports keep yourself energetic. （目的状语）
2. 虽然我当时太小了，不理解这部电影的含义，但我记得我的家人都感动得落泪了。
① Although I was then the meaning of the film，I remembered my family were moved to tears.（too...to... 结构）
② Although I was then understand the meaning of the film，I remembered my family were moved to tears. （so...that... 句式）
3. 他集中精力学习，因此，他提高成绩没有问题。
① He focuses on studying，so he will his grades. （have problems in doing sth.）
② He focuses on studying，so he will improve his grades .（with短语）
【句式升级】
4. Whether we can get enough support from the general public remains to be seen.
→ （it作形式主语）
5. Do you think it is important for us middle school students to learn a foreign language
→ （it作形式宾语）
Ⅳ . 微写作
根据下面提示，写一篇有关海洋探索的重要性的短文。词数60 左右。
1. 海洋覆盖了我们星球的大部分，因此探索它们可以使我们更好地了解我们的星球；
2. 随着人口的增加，我们将需要更多的资源；
3. 如果我们更多地了解海洋，我们就可以更好地管理海洋资源；
4. 在我看来，海洋值得探索。
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能力提升练
V.教材语法填空
The oceans cover most of the earth’s surface，so 1. （explore）them enables us to truly understand our planet. To solve issues such as climate change，we need to understand 2. is happening to the earth. Therefore，we must do more research.
It is 3. （help） for us to manage 4. （it）resources if we understand more about the sea. Besides，accessing the deep ocean may also help us to predict 5. （event） such as earthquakes. With the population increasing，more resources will 6. （need），and the oceans can provide us 7. vast amounts of resources.
There exist environmental risks，8. should be balanced with 9. （economy） needs. With technology 10. （improve），we may have more options for managing this balance.
VI.阅读理解
A
We are the products of evolution，and not just evolution that occurred billions of years ago. As scientists look deeper into our genes（基因），they are finding examples of human evolution in just the past few thousand years. People in Ethiopian highlands have adapted to living at high altitudes. Cattle-raising people in East Africa and northern Europe have gained a mutation（突变）that helps them digest milk as adults.
On Thursday in an article published in Cell，a team of researchers reported a new kind of adaptation—not to air or to food，but to the ocean. A group of sea-dwelling people in Southeast Asia have evolved into better divers. The Bajau，as these people are known，number in the hundreds of thousands in Indonesia，Malaysia and the Philippines. They have traditionally lived on houseboats；in recent times，they’ve also built houses on stilts（支柱） in coastal waters.“They are simply a stranger to the land，”said Rodney C. Jubilado，a University of Hawaii researcher who studies the Bajau.
Dr. Jubilado first met the Bajau while growing up on Samal Island in the Philippines. They made a living as divers，spearfishing or harvesting shellfish.“We were so amazed that they could stay underwater much longer than us local islanders，”Dr. Jubilado said.“I could see them actually walking under the sea.”
In 2015，Melissa Ilardo，then a graduate student in genetics at the University of Copenhagen，heard about the Bajau. She wondered if centuries of diving could have led to the evolution of physical characteristics that made the task easier for them. “It seemed like the perfect chance for natural selection to act on a population，”said Dr. Ilardo. She also said there were likely a number of other genes that help the Bajau dive.
1. What does the author want to tell us by the examples in paragraph 1
A. Environmental adaptation of cattle raisers. B. New knowledge of human evolution.
C. Recent findings of human origin. D. Significance of food selection.
2. Where do the Bajau build their houses
A. In valleys. B. Near rivers. C. On the beach. D. Off the coast.
3. Why was the young Jubilado astonished at the Bajau
A. They could walk on stilts all day. B. They had a superb way of fishing.
C. They could stay long underwater. D. They lived on both land and water.
4. What can be a suitable title for the text
A. Bodies Remodeled for a Life at Sea B. Highlanders’ Survival Skills
C. Basic Methods of Genetic Research D. The World’s Best Divers
B
NASA invites video gamers and citizen scientists to embark on（着手，开始） virtual ocean research expeditions to help map coral reefs around the world in an effort to better understand these threatened ecosystems.
During the past several years，researchers at NASA’s Ames Research Center in California’s Silicon Valley have developed new instruments that can look below the ocean surface in more detail than ever before. Using techniques originally developed to look at stars，these“fluid-lensing” cameras use complex calculations to undo the optical distortions（光学畸变）created by the water over coral reefs. NASA has deployed these instruments—mounted on drones or aircraft—to collect 3D images of the ocean floor，including corals，algae and sea-grass. Now，NASA has a lot of data. However，the data alone do not tell the whole story of what’s happening to the corals until someone combs through the images to identify and classify everything that is in them. That’s why NASA needs your help.
Enter NeMO-Net，a video game in which players identify and classify corals using these 3D images. Players view the images while virtually traveling the ocean on their research ship，the Nautilus.
On each“dive”，players interact with real NASA data，learning about the different kinds of corals that lie on the shallow ocean floor while highlighting where they appear in the imagery. Aboard their virtual research vessel，players will be able to track their progress，earn badges，read through the game’s field guide，and access educational videos about life on the sea floor.
As they play the game，players’ actions help train NASA’s supercomputer to recognize corals from any image of the ocean floor，even those taken with less powerful instruments. The supercomputer“learns”from the coral classifications players make by hand，using machine learning techniques to classify on its own.
The more people who play NeMO-Net，the better the supercomputer’s mapping abilities become. Once it has been able to accurately classify corals from low-resolution data included in the game，the supercomputer will be able to map out the world’s corals.
With that map，scientists will better under-stand what is happening to corals and find ways to preserve them.
5. Why does NASA turn to video gamers for help
A. To help develop new instruments. B. To collect 3D images of the ocean floor.
C. To identify and classify coral reef data. D. To learn different kinds of corals.
6. What do we know about NeMO-Net
A. It is designed for adult users. B. It is based on real NASA data.
C. Players use it while traveling the ocean. D. It draws a global coral map on the phone.
7. What does the underlined word“those”refer to in Paragraph 5
A. The players. B. The images. C. The cameras. D. The supercomputers.
8. What is the best title for the text
A. NeMO-Net—a Video Game for Adults B. Virtual Reality—the Trend of the Future
C. Coral Reefs—an Underwater Ecosystem D. Calling Gamers of All Ages—NASA Wants Your Help
VII.阅读理解七选五
Swap，Don’t Shop!
You keep hearing about recycling，right But it doesn’t end with bottles，cans，and paper. Clothing takes a huge amount of natural resources（资源）to make，and buying loads of new clothing（or throwing out old clothing）is not healthy for the environment. So what to do with all those perfectly-good-but-you’re-maybe- a-little-sick- of-them clothes piled on your bedroom floor 1 . It’s the best way to get rid of your used clothes，score clothes from your friends，and have a party all at the same time.
A successful swap depends on the selection of clothes，the organization of the event，and，obviously，how much fun is had. It’s really easy to do! Here are a few pointers.
·Invite 5—10 people so you have a nice selection. 2 ，and there may not be enough things to choose from；more than that，and it becomes uncontrollable.
· 3 . They should also prepare plenty of reusable bags to carry their“new”clothes home.
·Put different types of clothing on different surfaces in the room. 4 . Place a few mirrors around your room so people can see how things look when they try them on. One of the ground rules of the swap should be that everyone must try on the clothes before they take them—things always look different when you put them on.
·Set a starting time. Maybe you say“go，”or turn on a certain song，or whatever. 5 . And don’t forget to put out some cookies and fruits. Remember，it’s a party!
A. Less people than that
B. Hold a clothing swap
C. If two people are competing
D. Just keep music playing throughout
E. Donate whatever clothes are left over
F. Have everyone put their clothes in the right spots
G. Tell everyone to bring clean clothes in good condition
课时把关练
Part III Using Language
参考答案
Ⅰ. 1. directory 2. possession 3. opponent 4. log 5. arrested 6. mercy
Ⅱ. 1. agree with 2. without mercy 3. take action 4. headed to 5. take place 6. put into operation
7. came up with 8. all of a sudden 9. amounts of 10. cause damage
Ⅲ. 1. ① so that you can so that 以便，引导目的状语从句。
② so as to so as to 短语在句中作目的状语。
2. ① too young to understand too...to...太……而不能……， 动词不定式作结果状语。
② so young that I couldn’t so...that... 如此……以至于……， 引导结果状语从句。
3. ① have no problems in improving have no problems in doing sth. 做某事没有困难。
② with no problems with no problems 是介词短语，意为“没有困难”。
4. It remains to be seen whether we can get enough support from the general public. it 是形式主语，真正主语是后面的whether 从句。
5. Do you think it important for us middle school students to learn a foreign language it作形式宾语， 后面的动词不定式短语是真正的宾语。
Ⅳ. One possible version：
The oceans cover most of our planet，so exploring them can enable us to better understand our planet. With the population increasing，more resources will be needed. Therefore，if we know more about the oceans，we can manage the resources better. As far as I am concerned，the oceans are worth exploring.
V.【语篇解读】本文是一篇议论文。文章论述了海洋探索的必要性。
1. exploring 考查非谓语动词。所填的词作分句主语，所以用动词-ing形式。
2. what 考查名词性从句。所填的词引导宾语从句并在从句中作主语，所以填what。
3. helpful 考查形容词。所填的词作表语，所以用形容词形式。
4. its 考查代词。所填的词修饰名词，所以用形容词性物主代词。
5. events 考查名词复数。event是可数名词，前面没有单数修饰语，所以用复数形式。
6. be needed 考查被动语态。more resources和need之间为被动关系，所以用被动语态。
7. with 考查介词。provide sb. with sth.“给某人提供某物”，为固定搭配。
8. which 考查非限制性定语从句。所填的词引导非限制性定语从句并在从句中作主语，所以填which。
9. economic 考查形容词。所填的词修饰名词，所以用形容词形式。
10. improving 考查非谓语动词。本空是“with +宾语+宾补”结构，technology和improve之间为主动关系，所以用动词-ing形式。
VI. A【语篇解读】本文是一篇说明文。文章简要介绍了人类在最近几千年里的进化，并以巴瑶人为例，介绍了人类为了适应居住的环境身体发生的一些变化。本文选材较为专业，从人类在环境中不断适应与进化的过程说明人与自然和谐共生的理念，也提醒我们要尊重自然、保护自然。
1. B 细节理解题。文章第一段前两句“We are the products of evolution，and not just evolution that occurred billions of years ago. As scientists look deeper into our genes，they are finding examples of human evolution in just the past few thousand years.”指出，我们是进化的产物，不仅仅是发生在数十亿年前的进化。随着科学家更深入地研究我们的基因，他们发现了人类在过去几千年里进化的例子。第一段后两句是对前两句所提观点的具体举例。所以，作者想通过第一段所举的事例告诉读者关于人类进化的一些新知识。
2. D 细节理解题。根据文章第二段的“They have traditionally lived on houseboats；in recent times，they’ve also built houses on stilts in coastal waters.”可知，巴瑶人有住在船屋上的传统，当今时代，他们还在沿海水域的支柱上建造房屋。由此判断，巴瑶人会把房屋建在离海岸不远的海面上。
3. C 细节理解题。根据文章第三段的“We were so amazed that they could stay underwater much longer than us local islanders...”可知，Jubilado 博士感到吃惊的原因是巴瑶人可以在水下待很长时间。
4. A 标题归纳题。本文第一段提到近几千年来人类进化的观点，第二、三、四段讲述了巴瑶人在居住、潜水等方面的变化，意在表明，巴瑶人为了适应海上生活，他们的身体也发生了一些变化。选项A“为适应海上生活而改变了的身体”体现了本文大意，可选为最佳标题。
B【语篇解读】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了美国国家航空航天局（NASA）呼吁电子游戏玩家和公民科学家进行虚拟海洋研究探险，帮助绘制世界各地的珊瑚礁地图，以便更好地了解这些受到威胁的生态系统。
5. C 细节理解题。根据第二段中的“However，the data alone do not tell the whole story of what’s happening to the corals until someone combs through the images to identify and classify everything that is in them. That’s is why NASA needs your help.”可知，NASA向电子游戏玩家寻求帮助的目的是希望他们能对采集的珊瑚数据进行识别和分类。
6. B 推理判断题。根据第四段中的“On each‘dive’，players interact with real NASA data，learning about the different kinds of corals that lie on the shallow ocean floor...”可知，这款游戏是基于真实的NASA数据来进行的。
7. B 代词指代题。根据第五段中的“...help train NASA’s supercomputer to recognize corals from any image of the ocean floor...”可知，画线词those指的是图像，所以选B项。
8. D 标题归纳题。文章介绍了美国国家航空航天局（NASA）呼吁游戏玩家，通过玩一款名为NeMO-Net的电子游戏，帮助他们研究珊瑚种类和分布，以此拯救受到威胁的珊瑚，所以D项可作为本文的标题。
VII. 【语篇解读】本文是一篇说明文。“回收利用”是个热词，但除了我们所熟知的瓶瓶罐罐和纸张外，那些质量尚好的旧衣物也在此列。作者提出可以举办交换衣物派对，既有趣又节约资源，并且作者给出了几条建议。文章旨在倡导读者节约资源，提高环保意识，与此同时，通过举办交换衣物派对，还可以增强人际沟通及组织协调能力。
1. B 句意判断法解题。由空格后的“It’s the best way to...”可知空格处就是it 所指，综观各选项，“最好的方法”应该是B 项“进行衣物交换”。本设空类型属于细节理解类。
2. A 关联逻辑法解题。由空格所在句中的more than that，and... 可知此处应该是Less people than that，故选A 项，即参与人数少于既定数量时，可能没有足够的东西可供选择；多于既定数量时，又会变得不可控。本设空类型属于细节理解类。
3. G 关联逻辑法解题。由空格后的“They should also prepare...（他们还应该准备……）”可知空格处也是they 应该做的事情，故选G 项“告诉每个人带来良好无损的干净衣服”。本设空类型属于细节理解类。
4. F 关联逻辑法解题。由空前内容可知，要把不同类型的衣服放在房间里不同的地方，能与此语意承接的只有F项“让每个人都把衣服放在合适的地方”。本设空类型属于细节理解类。
5. D 关联逻辑法解题。由最后一句“记住，这是个派对！”可知应选D 项“全程一直播放音乐”。本设空类型属于细节理解类。
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