2023-2024福建省福州市九师名校教学联盟高一上学期期中英语试题（原卷版+ 解析版无听力音频及听力原文）

2023-2024学年第一学期福州市九师名校教学联盟高一年级期中
英语试卷
第一部分 听力(共两节;每小题1.5分，满分30分)
做题时，先将答案标在试卷上。录音内容结束后，你将有两分钟的时间将试卷上的答案填涂到答题卡上。
第一节 (共5小题;每小题1.5分，满分7. 5分)
听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。
1. What does the woman suggest doing
A. Seeing a play. B. Going on a diet. C. Having some ice cream.
2. What did the boy forget yesterday
A. His ruler. B. His glasses. C. His schoolbag.
3. What will the woman do this afternoon
A. Go to the park. B. Take pictures. C. Attend a class.
4. What are the speakers probably talking about
A. A handbag. B. A dress. C. A phone.
5. How does the man usually travel
A. By car. B. By bus. C. By train.
第二节 (共15小题，每小题1.5分，满分22.5分)
听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟;听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。
听第6段材料，回答6-7小题。
6. Why can’t the speakers go to the zoo
A. It isn’t open. B. They can’t afford it. C. It has moved away.
7. What have the speakers decided to do
A. Stay at home. B. Go horse-riding. C. Go to the movies.
听第7段材料，回答8-9小题。
8. What is the relationship between the speakers
A. Old teammates. B. Teacher and student. C. Former classmates.
9. What is the woman more interested in now
A. Playing tennis. B. Playing the piano. C. Playing basketball.
听第8段材料，回答10-12小题。
10. Which subject does the boy probably prefer
A. History. B. Politics. C. Art.
11. What do the girl’s parents expect her to be
A. A restaurant manager. B. A politician. C. A teacher.
12. What is the girl good at
A Dealing with people. B. Working with kids. C. Painting pictures.
听第9段材料，回答13-16小题。
13. What information can visitors learn about in the museum
A. Different trees. B. Wild birds. C. The weather.
14. When did the woman visit the museum
A. Last Thursday. B. Last Saturday. C. Last Sunday.
15. How long did it take the woman to get back home from the museum
A. About 15 minutes. B. About 20 minutes. C. About 30 minutes.
16. Who can get free access to the museum
A One under 15. B. One under 17. C. One under 18.
听第10段材料，回答17-20小题。
17. What did the speaker do yesterday morning
A. She watched a play. B. She visited an old theater. C. She went to a fishing village.
18. What did the speaker visit during the guided tour
A. A palace. B. The ruins of a library. C. The sea.
19. Where did the speaker have lunch yesterday
A. Beside a waterfall. B. Next to a lake. C. In a village.
20. What did the speaker think of his trip to the carpet factory
A. Dull. B. Unforgettable. C. Fantastic.
第二部分 阅读理解(共两节;每小题2分，满分40分)
第一节 (共15小题;每小题2分，满分30分)
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。
A
Europe is famous for big cities and world class art museums. It’s easy not to notice the small, beautiful villages in Europe. However, if you’re after relaxation, peaceful country walks, beautiful buildings, and chances for different cultures on your next trip, consider cutting down some of your city time and head out to a village instead. Here are three of the most beautiful villages in Europe, along with our top picks for places to stay in each.
Bibury in Gloucestershire, England
Often praised as the most beautiful village of the Cotsworlds, Bibury is also one of the most popular places for visitors to stay in the area, and attracts a lot of tourists from around the world. It’s set among the green hills that the area is known for and is composed of light beige (浅米色) stone houses, including the famous Arlington Row, a line of houses dating back to 1380.
Cong in County Mayo, Ireland
Set on a small sea facing island on the western coast of Ireland, Cong is a quiet village that’s famous for its grey stone ruins (灰石废墟) and many outdoor activities. One of the biggest reasons for its fame is that the 1952 film The Quiet Man was made there, but the biggest draw for most visitors is the chance to visit (or stay in) Ashford Castle, which is now run as a great expensive hotel.
Montepulciano in Tuscany, Italy
Spread over a hilltop nearly 2,000 meters above sea level, the Tuscan village of Montepulciano offers beautiful buildings from the Middle Ages, as well as many chances to visit wineries (酿酒厂) and taste the locally produced Vino Nobel di Montepulciano. With fortifications (防御工事) dating back to the 14th century, the village has churches and public squares, which are truly fascinating.
1. What is the biggest draw for most visitors in Cong
A. Grey stone ruins there. B. Outdoor activities there.
C. The film The Quiet Man. D. Visiting Ashford Castle.
2. We can do all the following activities except ________ in Montepulciano
A. read the Bible in the churches. B. visit beautiful buildings from the Middle Ages.
C. taste the locally produced wine. D. experience the fortifications from the 14th century.
3. Where can we read this text
A. A science report. B. A guide book.
C. A news report. D. An advertisement.
B
Grown-ups are often surprised by how well they remember something they learned as children but have never practiced ever since. A man who has not had a chance to go swimming for years can still swim as well as ever when he gets back in the water. He can get on a bicycle after many years and still ride away. He can play catch and hit a ball as well as his son. A mother who has not thought about the words for years can teach her daughter the poem that begins “Twinkle, twinkle, little star” or remember the story of Cinderella or Goldilocks and the Three Bears．
One explanation is the law of overlearning, which can be stated as follows: Once we have learned something, additional learning trials (尝试) increase the length of time we will remember it．
In childhood we usually continue to practice such skills as swimming, bicycle riding, and playing baseball long after we have learned them. We continue to listen to and remind ourselves of words such as “Twinkle, twinkle, little star” and childhood tales such as Cinderella and Goldilocks. We not only learn but overlearn．
The multiplication tables (乘法口诀表) are an exception to the general rule that we forget rather quickly the things that we learn in school, because they are another of the things we overlearn in childhood．
The law of overlearning explains why cramming (突击学习) for an examination, though it may result in a passing grade, is not a satisfactory way to learn a college course. By cramming, a student may learn the subject well enough to get by on the examination, but he is likely soon to forget almost everything he learned. A little overlearning, on the other hand, is really necessary for one’s future development．
4. What is the main idea of paragraph 1
A. People remember well what they learned in childhood．
B. Children have a better memory than grown-ups．
C. Poem reading is a good way to learn words．
D. Stories for children arc easy to remember．
5. According to the author, being able to use multiplication tables is _______．
A. a result of overlearning B. a special case of cramming
C. a skill to deal with math problems D. a basic step towards advanced studies
6. What does the underlined word “it” in paragraph 5 refer to
A the law B. overlearning C. examination D. cramming
7. What is the author’s opinion on cramming
A. It leads to failure in college exams． B. It’s helpful only in a limited way．
C. It’s possible to result in poor memory． D. It increases students’ learning interest．
C
For years, you’ve been told that stress can be deadly and is something to be avoided. Therefore, an anxious situation is often accompanied by a sense of fear. However, recent studies suggest that stress-related harmful effects on your health are not unavoidable.
One study followed 30,000 people over eight years and measured their stress levels. Those who believed that stress is harmful died at a higher rate than those who were under stress but didn’t acknowledge the so-called negative effects. The latter group was healthier, and many of them lived long, happy lives.
Stressful feelings start out in a small region of the brain that affects how people feel emotions, especially fear. The small region is very sensitive to possible threats. When it senses danger, it alerts the brain, and feelings of fear or stress can result. These feelings give people a warning message when they need to pay attention and when they need to take action. For instance, when the sight of a speeding car triggers (触发) the region to release a lightning-fast message, we know immediately to move out of the way!
Another study carried by Health psychologist Dr. McGonigal found a link between stress and the amount of sympathy people showed to others. Researchers tracked 1,000 adults, their descriptions of the level of stress in their lives and the amount of time spent helping others. With each major stressful event, such as a family tragedy or financial crisis, the risk of dying increased by 30 percent. But for the group who spent time helping others, there was no increase in stress-related deaths, even for those who had faced their own personal tragedies. According to Dr. McGonigal, “Chasing meaning is better for your health than trying to avoid discomfort. Go after what it is that creates meaning in your life and then trust yourself to handle the stress that follows.”
8. What does the study in paragraph 2 suggest
A. Stress caused many deaths over eight years.
B. Stress won’t hurt you if you don’t acknowledge its presence.
C. It is not the stress but our response to it that creates problems.
D. Those without stress usually live long and happy lives.
9. What do we know about stress from paragraph 3
A. Stress is harmful to the brain.
B. Stress can cause danger.
C. Stress can be a threat to us.
D. Stress can lead to timely action.
10. What can we learn from Dr. McGonigal’s study
A. People without stress spend more time caring others.
B. Stress often causes a family tragedy or financial crisis.
C. Stress can be avoided by helping others.
D. People chasing meaning in life suffer less from stress.
11. Which may be the best title for the text
A. Stress Is Not Your Enemy B. Man Can Conquer Stress
C. We Need Remove Stress D. Stress Is Nearly Harmless
D
Danelien van Aalst at the University of Groningen and her co-workers have done research on how relative age (相对年龄) affects popularity among 14 to 15-year-olds.
Researchers surveyed more than 13,000 teenagers in England, Sweden and the Netherlands on who they thought was the most popular in their class. Then the researchers gave each student in their classroom a popularity score linked to their birth month as well as their age position in their class. They discovered this: the older the student was, the more likely he or she was to be considered popular.
“A child enters school before or after a certain cut-off date and that determines how old or young you are relative to your year group,” says van Aalst. “We found that if you’re born right after the cut-off date, which makes you one of the oldest members of your class, you’re going to be popular.”
They found that the same effect also applied at the year-group level. Here, it was the children who were the oldest relative to all of their peers in the year group-rather than just those in their own class-that were the most popular.
All three countries showed roughly the same pattern (模式). However, at the classroom level, it was in the Netherlands that the pattern was the strongest. This is partly because the country has a system of grade retention - when students don’t meet their academic requirements, their teachers will hold them back a year, which means they then become the oldest in their class and often the most popular.
This relative age effect has also been shown in other areas. “Relative age has earlier been proved to affect school performance-relatively older children do better in school,” says Herman van de Werfhorst at the University of Amsterdam. Similarly, previous research has shown that older children tend to be better at sports than younger students in the same year group.
12. How did the researchers know who the popular students were
A. By recording students’ performance. B. By studying earlier research results.
C. By collecting answers from students. D. By comparing the ages of students.
13. What does the underlined word “that” refer to in paragraph 3
A Popularity. B. Relative age. C. The survey data. D. The cut-off date.
14. What might happen to students held back a year in Netherlands
A. Their teachers would be happy to have them in the class.
B. It would be difficult for them to pass the exams in Netherlands.
C. They might gain more popularity than others in the same year group.
D. They might be the most popular among the peers of the three countries.
15. What does the passage mainly tell us
A. The older a child gets, the wiser he or she will be.
B. Many students want to be held back to be popular.
C. Older children are likely to perform better in school.
D. Older children are often more popular than their younger peers.
第二节(共5小题;每小题2分，满分10分)
根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项，选项中有两项为多余选项。
Why Can’t People Stop Touching Museum Exhibits (展品)
When visiting the British Museum, you can see visitors touch ancient bowls even though the museum rules say no touching is allowed. Museum guards say it’s impossible to stop people from breaking the no-touch rule. ___16___
Most museum-going is still a mainly visual (视觉的) experience for visitors to admire the artworks. ___17___ But over the past few years, more and more museums have been working to include additional senses, like sounds and smells. But touch, especially, is only allowed in certain areas, like the Louvre’s Touch Gallery, or the British Museum’s Hands On Desks.
___18___ Before there were museums, there were curiosity rooms filled with a collection of interesting objects from around the world. When people visited the collection, the objects were passed around. Museums continued with this spirit of openness at first.
But as museums grew, the spirit no longer existed. When you’ve got 4 million visitors a year, you can hardly have every body touching something. People are awkward and likely to damage the artworks. So the rule against touching artworks makes great sense. Smaller museums still sometimes encourage visitors to touch their objects. ___19___
Why are we so unwilling to keep our hands to ourselves Some people just want to make sure the artworks are real. But there’s a larger truth. ___20___ Visitors say that they want to feel how deep an engraving (雕刻) goes, so as to better understand the artistic skills. In this way, touching is part of trying to somehow make contact with the past.
A Touch was allowed in museums at first.
B. It helps to show respect for the ancient artists.
C. You stop 100 people touching and there are 200 more.
D. Visitors learn more about objects from reading signs around.
E. You can’t really learn more about objects unless you touch them.
F. But the bigger ones prefer to advertise themselves as no touching.
G. Museums have come a long way since the time of the curiosity room.
第三部分 语言运用(共两节，满分30分)
第一节 完形填空(共15小题;每小题1分，满分15分)
阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的四个选项(A、B、C和D)中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
Life is full of uncertainties, and every activity we do carries some level of ___21___ . Some activities, like snowboarding (单板滑雪运动), often have a higher possibility of injury. Ian Steger ___22___ this firsthand when he had a serious snowboarding accident (事故) but he was so ___23___ that Francis Zuber passed by.
In March, Ian and a group of friends went on a snowboarding trip in Washington State. During their ___24___ , things took a dangerous turn. While moving through the trees, Ian fell backward and crashed into one, finding himself ___25___ in a deep hole of snow.
Ian explained the ___26___ , “When we entered the trees, they were so ___27___ together that we each had to find our own paths. Unluckily, the path I ___28___ led me straight into a big tree well.” Fearing the worst, Ian thought he was facing his ___29___ moments. However, Francis Zuber, a skier, happened to pass by.
Francis saw a flash of red in the corner of his eye. He ___30___ a snowboard sticking out from the snow, which was ___31___ considering how far they were from any populated areas. Worried, Francis called out to Ian but didn’t receive any ___32___
Without hesitation (犹豫), Francis began to dig hard to save Ian from the snowy trap. In the end, he ___33___ it. Feeling extremely ___34___ , Ian hugged (拥抱) Francis, telling him, “I’m so glad you ___35___ my life today.”
21.
A. interest B. risk C. boredom D. success
22.
A. discovered B. described C. mentioned D. guessed
23.
A. proud B. nervous C. sure D. lucky
24.
A. visit B. adventure C. training D. discussion
25.
A. beaten B. hidden C. trapped D. tested
26.
A. situation B. method C. difference D. invitation
27.
A. close B. safe C. unique D. high
28.
A. advised B. cleared C. chose D. saw
29.
A. quiet B. final C. right D. long
30.
A. heard B. imagined C. kept D. noticed
31.
A. funny B. true C. unusual D. impossible
32.
A. report B. warning C. promise D. answer
33.
A. made B. got C. put D. meant
34.
A. tired B. thankful C. curious D. satisfied
35.
A. calmed B. touched C. spared D. saved
第二节 语法填空(共10小题;每小题1.5分，满分15分)
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入一个适当的单词或括号内单词的适当形式。
Deng Yaping, who has set ___36___ example to table tennis players all over the world, was born in 1973, in Zhengzhou, Henan Province. It was her addiction to the sport ___37___ led to her playing table tennis when she was only 5 years old. Four years later, she won her provincial junior championship. At the age of 13, she won her first ___38___(nation) championship and beat other ___39___ (competitor) in all kinds of competitions in the following years. She had won 18 championships by the time she retired (退役) from sports at the age of 24. Deng Yaping is regarded as one of the ___40___ (amazing) players in the history of sport.
However, compared with other athletes, it seemed ___41___ (extreme) challenging for her to achieve her dream. At first, she ___42___ (refuse) by the Henan Provincial Team just because she wasn’t tall enough. Her path to success was filled with many other challenges, ___43___ none of them stopped her. She practised even harder and finally made ___44___ to the top. Her great determination and mental ___45___ (strong) have inspired thousands of people. Now, she has become a living legend in the sports field at home and abroad.
第四部分 课内知识(共三节，满分25分)
第一节(共7小题;每小题1分，满分7分)
根据语境，选择下框中的单词替换句中划线部分的词或词块，使之意思一致，框中有两个多余的单词。
transport, puzzling, failure, official, errors, determine, paths, pack, challenging,
46. In the coming three years, our school life will be quite difficult but fruitful.
47. When faced with choosing subjects, most of my classmates decide to chose physics.
48. The author takes novel reading as a way to get away from the confusing world.
49. From his point of view, the goal keeper of the team of his city is totally a loser.
50. Going up the mountain to cut firewood, they met a large group of wolves attacking them.
51. The heads of the two states held their second formal meeting in Huhai Mountain Villa.
52. Since childhood, I have made many mistakes, but I don't think it terrible to make some.
第二节(共8小题;每小题1分，满分8分)
根据语境，选择下框中的单词或短语，必要时用正确的形式填空。框中有两个多余的单词或短语。
curious pretend statue recommend challenge event admire confuse take control of make an impression
53. Alice introduced herself confidently on the first of school, which________on me.
54. Pisa in Italy is a fine old city where the beautiful leaning tower can be _______ .
55. I usually go hiking for vacation, but I want to try something more ________ this year.
56. The instructions on the package are clear but________.
57. The older teenagers say that they ________ that freshmen wait until the second term before they join a team or club.
58. We are looking forward to seeing the Terracotta Army that is filled with_______.
59. Tom, a clever boy who is ________ about everything, likes to ask questions all the time.
60. He may get a yellow card if a footballer ________ to fall down during a match.
第三节 英汉互译(共5小题;每小题2分，满分10分)
(81-83题按括号中的要求进行汉译英，84-85题进行英译汉。)
61. 印加的建筑工人将石头切割成精确的尺寸，仅仅凭着石头间的完美契合，即可稳固墙体。（汉译英）
62. 为其四天的徒步旅行将带您在通往马丘比丘的途中，踏上穿越安第斯山脉的传奇之路。(n.做主语)(汉译英)
63. 然而，花费太多时间上网有损健康，也会让你们很难把精力放在生活中的其他事情上。（汉译英）
64. The competition has raised our interest in English learning and provide us with a good chance to experience the magic power of English culture.(英译汉)
65. Living legends must be athletes who are masters in their sports and also set good examples for others. (英译汉)
第五部分 写作(满分25分)
66. 假如你是李华，你的美国好友Jenny打算寒假来到中国旅行，请你写信为她推荐一处值得旅行的中国城市。
内容包括：1. 推荐的城市；2. 推荐的理由(3点)；3 表达祝福。
Dear Jenny，
__________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Best wishes!
Yours,
Li Hua2023-2024学年第一学期福州市九师名校教学联盟高一年级期中
英语试卷
第一部分 听力(共两节;每小题1.5分，满分30分)
做题时，先将答案标在试卷上。录音内容结束后，你将有两分钟的时间将试卷上的答案填涂到答题卡上。
第一节 (共5小题;每小题1.5分，满分7. 5分)
听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。
1. What does the woman suggest doing
A. Seeing a play. B. Going on a diet. C. Having some ice cream.
2. What did the boy forget yesterday
A. His ruler. B. His glasses. C. His schoolbag.
3. What will the woman do this afternoon
A. Go to the park. B. Take pictures. C. Attend a class.
4. What are the speakers probably talking about
A. A handbag. B. A dress. C. A phone.
5. How does the man usually travel
A. By car. B. By bus. C. By train.
第二节 (共15小题，每小题1.5分，满分22.5分)
听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟;听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。
听第6段材料，回答6-7小题。
6. Why can’t the speakers go to the zoo
A. It isn’t open. B. They can’t afford it. C. It has moved away.
7. What have the speakers decided to do
A. Stay at home. B. Go horse-riding. C. Go to the movies.
听第7段材料，回答8-9小题。
8. What is the relationship between the speakers
A. Old teammates. B. Teacher and student. C. Former classmates.
9. What is the woman more interested in now
A. Playing tennis. B. Playing the piano. C. Playing basketball.
听第8段材料，回答10-12小题。
10. Which subject does the boy probably prefer
A. History. B. Politics. C. Art.
11. What do the girl’s parents expect her to be
A. A restaurant manager. B. A politician. C. A teacher.
12. What is the girl good at
A. Dealing with people. B. Working with kids. C. Painting pictures.
听第9段材料，回答13-16小题。
13. What information can visitors learn about in the museum
A. Different trees. B. Wild birds. C. The weather.
14. When did the woman visit the museum
A. Last Thursday. B. Last Saturday. C. Last Sunday.
15. How long did it take the woman to get back home from the museum
A. About 15 minutes. B. About 20 minutes. C. About 30 minutes.
16. Who can get free access to the museum
A. One under 15. B. One under 17. C. One under 18.
听第10段材料，回答17-20小题。
17. What did the speaker do yesterday morning
A. She watched a play. B. She visited an old theater. C. She went to a fishing village.
18. What did the speaker visit during the guided tour
A. A palace. B. The ruins of a library. C. The sea.
19. Where did the speaker have lunch yesterday
A. Beside a waterfall. B. Next to a lake. C. In a village.
20. What did the speaker think of his trip to the carpet factory
A. Dull. B. Unforgettable. C. Fantastic.
第二部分 阅读理解(共两节;每小题2分，满分40分)
第一节 (共15小题;每小题2分，满分30分)
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。
A
Europe is famous for big cities and world class art museums. It’s easy not to notice the small, beautiful villages in Europe. However, if you’re after relaxation, peaceful country walks, beautiful buildings, and chances for different cultures on your next trip, consider cutting down some of your city time and head out to a village instead. Here are three of the most beautiful villages in Europe, along with our top picks for places to stay in each.
Bibury in Gloucestershire, England
Often praised as the most beautiful village of the Cotsworlds, Bibury is also one of the most popular places for visitors to stay in the area, and attracts a lot of tourists from around the world. It’s set among the green hills that the area is known for and is composed of light beige (浅米色) stone houses, including the famous Arlington Row, a line of houses dating back to 1380.
Cong in County Mayo, Ireland
Set on a small sea facing island on the western coast of Ireland, Cong is a quiet village that’s famous for its grey stone ruins (灰石废墟) and many outdoor activities. One of the biggest reasons for its fame is that the 1952 film The Quiet Man was made there, but the biggest draw for most visitors is the chance to visit (or stay in) Ashford Castle, which is now run as a great expensive hotel.
Montepulciano in Tuscany, Italy
Spread over a hilltop nearly 2,000 meters above sea level, the Tuscan village of Montepulciano offers beautiful buildings from the Middle Ages, as well as many chances to visit wineries (酿酒厂) and taste the locally produced Vino Nobel di Montepulciano. With fortifications (防御工事) dating back to the 14th century, the village has churches and public squares, which are truly fascinating.
1. What is the biggest draw for most visitors in Cong
A. Grey stone ruins there. B. Outdoor activities there.
C. The film The Quiet Man. D. Visiting Ashford Castle.
2. We can do all the following activities except ________ in Montepulciano
A. read the Bible in the churches. B. visit beautiful buildings from the Middle Ages.
C. taste the locally produced wine. D. experience the fortifications from the 14th century.
3. Where can we read this text
A. A science report. B. A guide book.
C. A news report. D. An advertisement.
【答案】1. D 2. A 3. B
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。主要介绍了欧洲最美的三个村庄，以及每个村庄的最佳住宿地点。
【1题详解】
细节理解题。根据第三段“One of the biggest reasons for its fame is that the 1952 film The Quiet Man was made there, but the biggest draw for most visitors is the chance to visit (or stay in) Ashford Castle, which is now run as a great expensive hotel.(它出名的最大原因之一是1952年的电影《安静的人》在那里拍摄，但对大多数游客来说，最大的吸引力是有机会参观（或入住）阿什福德城堡，这座城堡现在是一家非常昂贵的酒店)”可知，对大多数游客来说，Cong最大的吸引力是可以拜访阿什福德城堡。故选D。
【2题详解】
细节理解题。根据第四段“Spread over a hilltop nearly 2,000 meters above sea level, the Tuscan village of Montepulciano offers beautiful buildings from the Middle Ages, as well as many chances to visit wineries and taste the locally produced Vino Nobel di Montepulciano. With fortifications dating back to the 14th century, the village has churches and public squares, which are truly fascinating.(托斯卡纳村庄蒙特普尔恰诺坐落在海拔近2000米的山顶上，拥有中世纪的美丽建筑，还有许多机会参观酒庄，品尝当地生产的蒙特普齐亚诺葡萄酒。这个村庄的防御工事可以追溯到14世纪，有教堂和公共广场，真的很迷人)”可知，在Montepulciano，人们可以参观中世纪的美丽建筑、品尝当地出产的葡萄酒、体验14世纪的防御工事，没有提及在教堂里读《圣经》。故选A。
【3题详解】
推理判断题。根据第一段“Here are three of the most beautiful villages in Europe, along with our top picks for places to stay in each.(以下是欧洲最美丽的三个村庄，以及我们为每个村庄挑选的最佳住宿地点)”以及文章内容可知，本文主要介绍了欧洲最美的三个村庄，以及每个村庄的最佳住宿地点，推测我们可能在一本旅游指南中读到这篇文章。故选B。
B
Grown-ups are often surprised by how well they remember something they learned as children but have never practiced ever since. A man who has not had a chance to go swimming for years can still swim as well as ever when he gets back in the water. He can get on a bicycle after many years and still ride away. He can play catch and hit a ball as well as his son. A mother who has not thought about the words for years can teach her daughter the poem that begins “Twinkle, twinkle, little star” or remember the story of Cinderella or Goldilocks and the Three Bears．
One explanation is the law of overlearning, which can be stated as follows: Once we have learned something, additional learning trials (尝试) increase the length of time we will remember it．
In childhood we usually continue to practice such skills as swimming, bicycle riding, and playing baseball long after we have learned them. We continue to listen to and remind ourselves of words such as “Twinkle, twinkle, little star” and childhood tales such as Cinderella and Goldilocks. We not only learn but overlearn．
The multiplication tables (乘法口诀表) are an exception to the general rule that we forget rather quickly the things that we learn in school, because they are another of the things we overlearn in childhood．
The law of overlearning explains why cramming (突击学习) for an examination, though it may result in a passing grade, is not a satisfactory way to learn a college course. By cramming, a student may learn the subject well enough to get by on the examination, but he is likely soon to forget almost everything he learned. A little overlearning, on the other hand, is really necessary for one’s future development．
4. What is the main idea of paragraph 1
A. People remember well what they learned in childhood．
B. Children have a better memory than grown-ups．
C. Poem reading is a good way to learn words．
D. Stories for children arc easy to remember．
5. According to the author, being able to use multiplication tables is _______．
A. a result of overlearning B. a special case of cramming
C. a skill to deal with math problems D. a basic step towards advanced studies
6. What does the underlined word “it” in paragraph 5 refer to
A. the law B. overlearning C. examination D. cramming
7. What is the author’s opinion on cramming
A. It leads to failure in college exams． B. It’s helpful only in a limited way．
C. It’s possible to result in poor memory． D. It increases students’ learning interest．
【答案】4. A 5. A 6. D 7. B
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章解释了什么是过度学习的规律，并举例说明过度学习的规律的作用。
【4题详解】
主旨大意题。根据第一段“Grown-ups are often surprised by how well they remember something they learned as children but have never practiced ever since. A man who has not had a chance to go swimming for years can still swim as well as ever when he gets back in the water. He can get on a bicycle after many years and still ride away. He can play catch and hit a ball as well as his son. A mother who has not thought about the words for years can teach her daughter the poem that begins “Twinkle, twinkle, little star” or remember the story of Cinderella or Goldilocks and the Three Bears.(成年人常常惊讶于他们对小时候学过但从那以后就没有练习过的东西记忆如此之好。一个多年没有机会去游泳的人，当他回到水里时，仍然能游得和以前一样好。他可以在许多年后骑上自行车，仍然骑着走。他和他儿子一样会接球和击球。一位多年不思考这些词的母亲可以教她的女儿一首以“闪烁，闪烁，小星星”开头的诗，或者记住灰姑娘或金凤花姑娘和三只熊的故事)”可知，第一段的主旨是人们对童年学到的东西记得很清楚。故选A。
【5题详解】
细节理解题。根据倒数第二段“The multiplication tables (乘法口诀表) are an exception to the general rule that we forget rather quickly the things that we learn in school, because they are another of the things we overlearn in childhood.(我们很快就会忘记在学校里学过的东西，而乘法表是这一普遍规律的一个例外，因为它们是我们在童年时期学得过多的另一种东西)”可知，使用乘法表是过度学习的结果。故选A。
【6题详解】
词句猜测题。根据划线词后文“By cramming, a student may learn the subject well enough to get by on the examination(通过突击学习，一个学生也许能很好地掌握一门学科，从而通过考试)”以及“may result in a passing grade”可知，突击学习可能会导致及格，但并不是一种令人满意的学习大学课程的方法。故it指的是“突击学习”。故选D。
【7题详解】
细节理解题。根据最后一段“The law of overlearning explains why cramming (突击学习) for an examination, though it may result in a passing grade, is not a satisfactory way to learn a college course. By cramming, a student may learn the subject well enough to get by on the examination, but he is likely soon to forget almost everything he learned.(过度学习定律解释了为什么为了考试而突击学习并不是一种令人满意的学习大学课程的方法，尽管它可能会导致及格。通过突击学习，一个学生也许能很好地掌握一门学科，从而通过考试，但他很可能很快就把学过的几乎所有东西都忘记了)”可知，作者认为突击学习的帮助是有限的。故选B。
C
For years, you’ve been told that stress can be deadly and is something to be avoided. Therefore, an anxious situation is often accompanied by a sense of fear. However, recent studies suggest that stress-related harmful effects on your health are not unavoidable.
One study followed 30,000 people over eight years and measured their stress levels. Those who believed that stress is harmful died at a higher rate than those who were under stress but didn’t acknowledge the so-called negative effects. The latter group was healthier, and many of them lived long, happy lives.
Stressful feelings start out in a small region of the brain that affects how people feel emotions especially fear. The small region is very sensitive to possible threats. When it senses danger, it alerts the brain, and feelings of fear or stress can result. These feelings give people a warning message when they need to pay attention and when they need to take action. For instance, when the sight of a speeding car triggers (触发) the region to release a lightning-fast message, we know immediately to move out of the way!
Another study carried by Health psychologist Dr. McGonigal found a link between stress and the amount of sympathy people showed to others. Researchers tracked 1,000 adults, their descriptions of the level of stress in their lives and the amount of time spent helping others. With each major stressful event, such as a family tragedy or financial crisis, the risk of dying increased by 30 percent. But for the group who spent time helping others, there was no increase in stress-related deaths, even for those who had faced their own personal tragedies. According to Dr. McGonigal, “Chasing meaning is better for your health than trying to avoid discomfort. Go after what it is that creates meaning in your life and then trust yourself to handle the stress that follows.”
8. What does the study in paragraph 2 suggest
A. Stress caused many deaths over eight years.
B. Stress won’t hurt you if you don’t acknowledge its presence.
C. It is not the stress but our response to it that creates problems.
D. Those without stress usually live long and happy lives.
9. What do we know about stress from paragraph 3
A. Stress is harmful to the brain.
B Stress can cause danger.
C. Stress can be a threat to us.
D. Stress can lead to timely action.
10. What can we learn from Dr. McGonigal’s study
A. People without stress spend more time caring others.
B. Stress often causes a family tragedy or financial crisis.
C. Stress can be avoided by helping others.
D. People chasing meaning in life suffer less from stress.
11. Which may be the best title for the text
A. Stress Is Not Your Enemy B. Man Can Conquer Stress
C. We Need Remove Stress D. Stress Is Nearly Harmless
【答案】8. C 9. D 10. D 11. A
【解析】
【分析】这是一篇说明文。本文通过科学研究得出压力本身不会给我们带来问题，我们对压力的态度影响了生活。
【8题详解】
推理判断题。根据第二段“One study followed 30,000 people over eight years and measured their stress levels. Those who believed that stress is harmful died at a higher rate than those who were under stress but didn’t acknowledge the so-called negative effects. The latter group was healthier, and many of them lived long, happy lives.(一项研究对30000人进行了为期八年的跟踪调查，并测量了他们的压力水平。那些认为压力有害的人的死亡率高于那些处于压力下，但不承认所谓的有负面影响的人。后一组人更健康，他们中的许多人生活幸福且长寿)”可知，死亡率高的测试组中的人们认为压力有害，另一组则不认为压力有不良影响，由测试的研究结果可见，造成问题的不是压力，而是我们对压力的态度。故选C。
【9题详解】
推理判断题。根据第三段“When it senses danger, it alerts the brain, and feelings of fear or stress can result. These feelings give people a warning message when they need to pay attention and when they need to take action. For instance, when the sight of a speeding car triggers (触发) the region to release a lightning-fast message, we know immediately to move out of the way!(当它感觉到危险时，它会提醒大脑，从而产生恐惧或压力的感觉。当人们需要注意和采取行动时，这些感觉会给他们一个警告信息。例如，当看到一辆超速行驶的汽车时，该区域会快速地释放出信号，我们立即知道要让开！)”可知，压力感(feelings of stress)会给人们发出信息，从而让人做出应变，及时采取行动。故选D。
【10题详解】
推理判断题。根据最后一段中“With each major stressful event, such as a family tragedy or financial crisis, the risk of dying increased by 30 percent. But for the group who spent time helping others, there was no increase in stress-related deaths, even for those who had faced their own personal tragedies.(每发生一次重大压力事件，如家庭悲剧或金融危机，死亡风险都会增加30%。但对于那些花时间帮助他人的人来说，与压力相关的死亡人数没有增加，即使是那些曾经经历过个人悲剧的人)”及“Chasing meaning is better for your health than trying to avoid discomfort.(追求生活的意义比避免生活中的不幸对你的健康更好)”可知，追求生活意义的人承受的压力更小。故选D。
【11题详解】
主旨大意题。本文通过科学研究得出压力本身不会给我们带来问题，我们对压力的态度影响了生活，结合最后一句“Go after what it is that creates meaning in your life and then trust yourself to handle the stress that follows.(追求在生活中创造意义的东西，然后相信自己能够处理随之而来的压力)”可知，“Stress Is Not Your Enemy (压力不是你的敌人)”适合作为本文的标题。故选A。
D
Danelien van Aalst at the University of Groningen and her co-workers have done research on how relative age (相对年龄) affects popularity among 14 to 15-year-olds.
Researchers surveyed more than 13,000 teenagers in England, Sweden and the Netherlands on who they thought was the most popular in their class. Then the researchers gave each student in their classroom a popularity score linked to their birth month as well as their age position in their class. They discovered this: the older the student was, the more likely he or she was to be considered popular.
“A child enters school before or after a certain cut-off date and that determines how old or young you are relative to your year group,” says van Aalst. “We found that if you’re born right after the cut-off date, which makes you one of the oldest members of your class, you’re going to be popular.”
They found that the same effect also applied at the year-group level. Here, it was the children who were the oldest relative to all of their peers in the year group-rather than just those in their own class-that were the most popular.
All three countries showed roughly the same pattern (模式). However, at the classroom level, it was in the Netherlands that the pattern was the strongest. This is partly because the country has a system of grade retention - when students don’t meet their academic requirements, their teachers will hold them back a year, which means they then become the oldest in their class and often the most popular.
This relative age effect has also been shown in other areas. “Relative age has earlier been proved to affect school performance-relatively older children do better in school,” says Herman van de Werfhorst at the University of Amsterdam. Similarly, previous research has shown that older children tend to be better at sports than younger students in the same year group.
12. How did the researchers know who the popular students were
A. By recording students’ performance. B. By studying earlier research results.
C. By collecting answers from students. D. By comparing the ages of students.
13. What does the underlined word “that” refer to in paragraph 3
A. Popularity. B. Relative age. C. The survey data. D. The cut-off date.
14. What might happen to students held back a year in Netherlands
A. Their teachers would be happy to have them in the class.
B. It would be difficult for them to pass the exams in Netherlands.
C. They might gain more popularity than others in the same year group.
D. They might be the most popular among the peers of the three countries.
15. What does the passage mainly tell us
A. The older a child gets, the wiser he or she will be.
B. Many students want to be held back to be popular.
C. Older children are likely to perform better in school.
D. Older children are often more popular than their younger peers.
【答案】12. C 13. D 14. C 15. D
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要讲述了荷兰罗宁根大学的Danelien van Aalst和她的同事调查了相对年龄是如何影响荷兰，瑞典和英国14到15岁青少年的受欢迎程度的。调查发现年龄越大的学生越有可能被认为是受欢迎的。
【12题详解】
细节理解题。根据第二段“Researchers surveyed more than 13,000 teenagers in England, Sweden and the Netherlands on who they thought was the most popular in their class. Then the researchers gave each student in their classroom a popularity score linked to their birth month as well as their age position in their class. (研究人员对英国、瑞典和荷兰的1.3万多名青少年进行了调查，询问他们认为谁是班上最受欢迎的人。然后，研究人员给他们班上的每个学生一个受欢迎程度的分数，这个分数与他们的出生月份以及他们在班上的年龄位置有关)”可知，研究人员通过收集学生的答案来知道谁是受欢迎的学生。故选C项。
【13题详解】
词句猜测题。根据上文“A child enters school before or after a certain cut-off date (一个孩子在某个截止日期之前或之后入学)”可知，that为代词，代指前文提到的事物，此处应是代指“cut-off date”。故选D项。
【14题详解】
细节理解题。根据倒数第二段“This is partly because the country has a system of grade retention - when students don’t meet their academic requirements, their teachers will hold them back a year, which means they then become the oldest in their class and often the most popular. (这在一定程度上是因为这个国家的成绩保留制度——当学生没有达到学业要求时，他们的老师会让他们留级一年，这意味着他们成为班里年龄最大的，而且往往是最受欢迎的)”可知，在荷兰滞留一年的学生他们成为班里年龄最大的，可能会比同一年的其他人更受欢迎。故选C项。
【15题详解】
主旨大意题。根据第一段“Danelien van Aalst at the University of Groningen and her co-workers have done research on how relative age (相对年龄) affects popularity among 14 to 15-year-olds. (格罗宁根大学的Danelien van Aalst和她的同事们对相对年龄如何影响14至15岁青少年的受欢迎程度进行了研究)”以及第二段“They discovered this: the older the student was, the more likely he or she was to be considered popular.(他们发现：学生年龄越大，他或她越可能被认为是受欢迎的)”可知，本文主要讲述了荷兰罗宁根大学的Danelien van Aalst和她的同事调查发现年龄越大的学生越有可能被认为是受欢迎的，所以D项“Older children are often more popular than their younger peers. (年龄较大的孩子通常比年幼的孩子更受欢迎)”是本文大意。故选D项。
第二节(共5小题;每小题2分，满分10分)
根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项，选项中有两项为多余选项。
Why Can’t People Stop Touching Museum Exhibits (展品)
When visiting the British Museum, you can see visitors touch ancient bowls even though the museum rules say no touching is allowed. Museum guards say it’s impossible to stop people from breaking the no-touch rule. ___16___
Most museum-going is still a mainly visual (视觉的) experience for visitors to admire the artworks. ___17___ But over the past few years, more and more museums have been working to include additional senses, like sounds and smells. But touch, especially, is only allowed in certain areas, like the Louvre’s Touch Gallery, or the British Museum’s Hands On Desks.
___18___ Before there were museums, there were curiosity rooms filled with a collection of interesting objects from around the world. When people visited the collection, the objects were passed around. Museums continued with this spirit of openness at first.
But as museums grew, the spirit no longer existed. When you’ve got 4 million visitors a year, you can hardly have every body touching something. People are awkward and likely to damage the artworks. So the rule against touching artworks makes great sense. Smaller museums still sometimes encourage visitors to touch their objects. ___19___
Why are we so unwilling to keep our hands to ourselves Some people just want to make sure the artworks are real. But there’s a larger truth. ___20___ Visitors say that they want to feel how deep an engraving (雕刻) goes, so as to better understand the artistic skills. In this way, touching is part of trying to somehow make contact with the past.
A. Touch was allowed in museums at first.
B. It helps to show respect for the ancient artists.
C. You stop 100 people touching and there are 200 more.
D. Visitors learn more about objects from reading signs around.
E. You can’t really learn more about objects unless you touch them.
F. But the bigger ones prefer to advertise themselves as no touching.
G. Museums have come a long way since the time of the curiosity room.
【答案】16. C 17. D 18. G 19. F 20. E
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇议论文。文章主要讨论了为什么人们不能停止触摸博物馆的展品？
【16题详解】
上文“Museum guards say it’s impossible to stop people from breaking the no-touch rule.(博物馆的保安说，不可能阻止人们违反禁止接触的规定)”说明要完全地阻止人们不接触展品是不可能的。故可推断空格处内容为解释为什么会是这样的情况。结合C项“You stop 100 people touching and there are 200 more.(你阻止了100个人的接触，然后还有200个人)”与该推断一致，为上文的解释。故选C项。
【17题详解】
上文“Most museum-going is still a mainly visual (视觉的) experience for visitors to admire the artworks. (大多数参观博物馆的游客仍然主要是通过视觉体验来欣赏艺术品)”以及下文“But over the past few years, more and more museums have been working to include additional senses, like sounds and smells.(但在过去几年里，越来越多的博物馆一直在努力添加额外的感官，比如声音和气味)”中“But”可知，和空格处形成了转折，故可推断空格处内容仍然在强调通过视觉体验，也是对上文的补充说明。结合D项“Visitors learn more about objects from reading signs around.(通过阅读周围的标记，你会对物体有更多的了解)”对上文的补充，以及符合下文的逻辑关系。故选D项。
【18题详解】
下文“Before there were museums, there were curiosity rooms filled with a collection of interesting objects from around the world.(在博物馆出现之前，有一些摆满了来自世界各地的有趣物品的好奇室)”中“curiosity rooms”为关键词，选项G“Museums have come a long way since the time of the curiosity room.(自好奇室时代以来，博物馆已经走过了漫长的道路)”中也提到“curiosity room”，再结合语意下文为空格处的解释说明，语意连贯。故选G项。
【19题详解】
由上文“Smaller museums still sometimes encourage visitors to touch their objects.(较小的博物馆有时仍然鼓励参观者触摸他们的物品)”中“Smaller”，以及句意，可推断空格处为相反意思的表达。F项“But the bigger ones prefer to advertise themselves as no touching.(但大一点的更喜欢标榜自己“不接触”)”中“bigger”和上文“Smaller”呼应，为一对反义词，以及与上文语意构成转折关系。故选F项。
【20题详解】
由下文“Visitors say that they want to feel how deep an engraving (雕刻) goes, so as to better understand the artistic skills. In this way, touching is part of trying to somehow make contact with the past.(参观者们说，他们想要感受雕刻的深度，以便更好地了解艺术技巧。通过这种方式，触摸是试图以某种方式与过去联系的一部分)”可推断，空格处内容为“如果你想更好地了解它，应用去触摸它”。E项“You can’t really learn more about objects unless you touch them.(除非你触摸物体，否则你无法真正了解它们)”与此推断内容一致，为下文意思的总结。故选E项。
第三部分 语言运用(共两节，满分30分)
第一节 完形填空(共15小题;每小题1分，满分15分)
阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的四个选项(A、B、C和D)中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
Life is full of uncertainties, and every activity we do carries some level of ___21___ . Some activities, like snowboarding (单板滑雪运动), often have a higher possibility of injury. Ian Steger ___22___ this firsthand when he had a serious snowboarding accident (事故) but he was so ___23___ that Francis Zuber passed by.
In March, Ian and a group of friends went on a snowboarding trip in Washington State. During their ___24___ , things took a dangerous turn. While moving through the trees, Ian fell backward and crashed into one, finding himself ___25___ in a deep hole of snow.
Ian explained the ___26___ , “When we entered the trees, they were so ___27___ together that we each had to find our own paths. Unluckily, the path I ___28___ led me straight into a big tree well.” Fearing the worst, Ian thought he was facing his ___29___ moments. However, Francis Zuber, a skier, happened to pass by.
Francis saw a flash of red in the corner of his eye. He ___30___ a snowboard sticking out from the snow, which was ___31___ considering how far they were from any populated areas. Worried, Francis called out to Ian but didn’t receive any ___32___
Without hesitation (犹豫), Francis began to dig hard to save Ian from the snowy trap. In the end, he ___33___ it. Feeling extremely ___34___ , Ian hugged (拥抱) Francis, telling him, “I’m so glad you ___35___ my life today.”
21.
A. interest B. risk C. boredom D. success
22.
A. discovered B. described C. mentioned D. guessed
23.
A. proud B. nervous C. sure D. lucky
24.
A. visit B. adventure C. training D. discussion
25.
A. beaten B. hidden C. trapped D. tested
26.
A. situation B. method C. difference D. invitation
27.
A. close B. safe C. unique D. high
28.
A. advised B. cleared C. chose D. saw
29.
A. quiet B. final C. right D. long
30.
A. heard B. imagined C. kept D. noticed
31.
A. funny B. true C. unusual D. impossible
32.
A. report B. warning C. promise D. answer
33.
A. made B. got C. put D. meant
34.
A. tired B. thankful C. curious D. satisfied
35.
A. calmed B. touched C. spared D. saved
【答案】21. B 22. B 23. D 24. B 25. C 26. A 27. A 28. C 29. B 30. D 31. C 32. D 33. A 34. B 35. D
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇记叙文。文章讲述 Ian在一次滑雪事故中被Francis Zuber所救的故事。
【21题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：生活充满了不确定性，我们所做的每一项活动都有一定的风险。A. interest兴趣；B. risk风险；C. boredom无聊；D. success成功。由下文“often have a higher possibility of injury”可知，这里指任何活动都有“风险”。故选B。
【22题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：伊恩·斯泰格（Ian Steger）在一次严重的单板滑雪事故中亲身描述了这一点，但他非常幸运，弗朗西斯·祖伯（Francis Zuber）从他身边经过。 A. discovered发现；B. described描述；C. mentioned提到；D. guessed猜测。由下文“when he had a serious snowboarding accident (事故)”可知，这里指伊恩·斯泰格（Ian Steger）用自己严重的单板滑雪事故来“描述”任何活动都有风险。故选B。
【23题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：伊恩·斯泰格（Ian Steger）在一次严重的单板滑雪事故中亲身描述了这一点，但他非常幸运，弗朗西斯·祖伯（Francis Zuber）从他身边经过。A. proud骄傲的；B. nervous神经紧张的；C. sure确定的；D. lucky有好运的。由下文“Francis Zuber passed by”以及后文可知，弗朗西斯救了伊恩，所以这是一件“幸运的”事情。故选D。
【24题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：在他们冒险的过程中，事情发生了危险的转折。A. visit访问；B. adventure冒险；C. training训练；D. discussion讨论。由上文“Some activities, like snowboarding (单板滑雪运动), often have a higher possibility of injury. (有些活动，比如滑雪板，受伤的可能性往往更高)”和“a snowboarding trip”可知，这是一个“冒险”运动。故选B。
【25题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：在穿过树林时，伊恩向后倒下，撞到了一棵树上，发现自己被困在了一个深深的雪洞里。A. beaten打败；B. hidden隐藏；C. trapped使陷入困境；D. tested测试。由下文“in a deep hole of snow”，“Francis began to dig hard to save Ian from the snowy trap”以及语境可知，伊恩“陷入”一个深深的雪洞里。故选C。
【26题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：伊恩解释了当时的情况，“当我们进入树木时，它们离得太近了，我们每个人都必须找到自己的路。”A. situation情况，境遇；B. method方法；C. difference差异；D. invitation邀请。由后文“When we entered the trees, they were so 　7　　together that we each had to find our own paths. ”可知，这里伊恩在解释当时的“情况”。故选A。
【27题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：伊恩解释了当时的情况，“当我们进入树木时，它们太密集了，我们每个人都必须找到自己的路。”A. close密集的；B. safe安全的；C. unique独特的；D. high高的。由下文“we each had to find our own paths.”可知，当时树木太“密集”了，所以伊恩和其他人分开了。故选A。
【28题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：不幸的是，我穿过的路直接把我带进了一个大树井。A. advised建议；B. cleared清除；C. chose选择；D. saw看见。由上文“find our own paths”可知，这里指伊恩“选择”了自己的路。故选C。
29题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：伊恩害怕最坏的情况，他认为自己正面临着最后的时刻。 A. quiet安静的；B. final最终的；C. right正确的；D. long长的。由上文“Fearing the worst”可知，伊恩想到他可能会死，所以这里指“最终”时刻。故选B。
【30题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：他注意到有一块滑雪板从雪地里伸出来，考虑到它们离任何人口稠密的地区有多远，这是不正常的。A. heard听到；B. imagined想象；C. kept保留；D. noticed注意到。由上文“Francis saw a flash of red in the corner of his eye”可知，这里指弗朗西斯“注意到”一块滑雪板。故选D。
【31题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：他注意到有一块滑雪板从雪地里伸出来，考虑到它们离任何人口稠密的地区有多远，这是不正常的。A. funny有趣的；B. true真的；C. unusual不寻常的；D. impossible不可能的。由下文“how far they were from any populated areas”可知，滑雪板离任何人口稠密的地区很远，这里出现一个，所以很“不寻常的”。故选C。
【32题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：弗朗西斯忧心忡忡，向伊恩喊道，但没有得到任何回复。A. report报告；B. warning警告；C. promise承诺；D. answer答复。由上文“Francis called out to Ian”和转折词but可知，这里指伊恩没有“回答”他。故选D。
【33题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：最后，他成功了。A. made制做；B. got得到；C. put放入；D. meant意思是。由下文“Ian hugged (拥抱) Francis”可知，伊恩拥抱了弗朗西斯，这里说明弗朗西斯成功了，救出了伊恩，make it表“成功”，符合句意。故选A。
【34题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：伊恩感到非常感激，拥抱弗朗西斯，告诉他：“我很高兴你今天救了我的命。”A. tired累的；B. thankful感激的；C. curious好奇的；D. satisfied满意的。由下文“I’m so glad you 　15　my life today.”可知，被救后，伊恩感到非常“感激的”。故选B。
【35题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：伊恩感到非常感激，拥抱弗朗西斯，告诉他：“我很高兴你今天救了我的命。”A. calmed使……平静下来；B. touched触摸；C. spared抽出；D. saved拯救。由上文“Francis began to dig hard to save Ian from the snowy trap.”可知，这里指伊恩感谢弗朗西斯“救”了他。故选D。
第二节 语法填空(共10小题;每小题1.5分，满分15分)
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入一个适当的单词或括号内单词的适当形式。
Deng Yaping, who has set ___36___ example to table tennis players all over the world, was born in 1973, in Zhengzhou, Henan Province. It was her addiction to the sport ___37___ led to her playing table tennis when she was only 5 years old. Four years later, she won her provincial junior championship. At the age of 13, she won her first ___38___(nation) championship and beat other ___39___ (competitor) in all kinds of competitions in the following years. She had won 18 championships by the time she retired (退役) from sports at the age of 24. Deng Yaping is regarded as one of the ___40___ (amazing) players in the history of sport.
However, compared with other athletes, it seemed ___41___ (extreme) challenging for her to achieve her dream. At first, she ___42___ (refuse) by the Henan Provincial Team just because she wasn’t tall enough. Her path to success was filled with many other challenges, ___43___ none of them stopped her. She practised even harder and finally made ___44___ to the top. Her great determination and mental ___45___ (strong) have inspired thousands of people. Now, she has become a living legend in the sports field at home and abroad.
【答案】36. an 37. that
38. national
petitors
40. most amazing
41. extremely
42. was refused
43. but 44. it
45. strength
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。主要介绍了邓亚萍的生平和拼搏的精神。
【36题详解】
考查冠词。句意：邓亚萍1973年出生于河南省郑州，为全世界的乒乓球运动员树立了榜样。分析句子结构可知，此处考查固定搭配：set an example意为“树立榜样”。故填an。
【37题详解】
考查强调句型。句意：正是由于她对这项运动的痴迷，她才5岁的时候就开始打乒乓球。分析句子结构可知，此处考查强调句型：it is/was+被强调的部分+that+其他部分。此处强调主语。故填that。
【38题详解】
考查形容词。句意：13岁时，她获得了第一个全国冠军，并在随后的几年里在各种比赛中击败了其他竞争者。分析句子结构可知，空后是名词championship，所以空处应填形容词做定语，nation的形容词形式是national。故填national。
【39题详解】
考查名词。句意：13岁时，她获得了第一个全国冠军，并在随后的几年里在各种比赛中击败了其他竞争者。分析句子结构可知，空前是形容词other，其后一般加可数名词复数形式。故填competitors。
【40题详解】
考查形容词。句意：邓亚萍被认为是体育史上最了不起的运动员之一。分析句子结构可知，此处考查固定搭配：one of +the +形容词最高级+名词复数意为“……是……中最……之一”，所以空处应填最高级。故填most amazing。
【41题详解】
考查副词。句意：然而，与其他运动员相比，她实现自己的梦想似乎极具挑战性。分析句子结构可知，空处修饰空后的形容词challenging，应该用副词修饰形容词，extreme的副词形式是extremely。故填extremely。
【42题详解】
考查动词时态和语态。句意：起初，她被河南省队拒之门外，只是因为她个子不够高。分析句子结构可知，本句缺少谓语动词，所以refuse做本句谓语动词，它和主语she之间是被动关系，所以应该用被动语态，根据句意可知，描述的是过去发生的事，应该用一般过去时，主语she是第三人称单数。故填was refused。
【43题详解】
考查连词。句意：她的成功之路充满了许多其他的挑战，但没有一个能阻止她。分析句子结构可知，“Her path to success was filled with many other challenges”与“none of them stopped her”两句间是转折关系，所以应填转折连词but。故填but。
【44题详解】
考查代词。句意：她更加努力地练习，终于登上了山顶。分析句子结构可知，此处考查固定搭配：make it to意为“赶上 ，找到；到达；及时赶到”。故填it。
【45题详解】
考查名词。句意：她巨大的决心和精神力量激励了成千上万的人。分析句子结构可知，空前是形容词mental，所以空处应填名词，strong的名词形式是strength意为“力量”，为可数名词，再根据空前的determination，可知应该用单数形式。故填strength。
第四部分 课内知识(共三节，满分25分)
第一节(共7小题;每小题1分，满分7分)
根据语境，选择下框中的单词替换句中划线部分的词或词块，使之意思一致，框中有两个多余的单词。
transport, puzzling, failure, official, errors, determine, paths, pack, challenging,
46. In the coming three years, our school life will be quite difficult but fruitful.
47. When faced with choosing subjects, most of my classmates decide to chose physics.
48. The author takes novel reading as a way to get away from the confusing world.
49. From his point of view, the goal keeper of the team of his city is totally a loser.
50. Going up the mountain to cut firewood, they met a large group of wolves attacking them.
51. The heads of the two states held their second formal meeting in Huhai Mountain Villa.
52. Since childhood, I have made many mistakes, but I don't think it terrible to make some.
【答案】46. challenging
47. determine 48. puzzling 49. failure 50. pack 51. official 52. errors
【解析】
【46题详解】
考查形容词。句意：在接下来的三年里，我们的学校生活将是相当困难的但富有成果的。 difficult表“困难的”，为形容词，与challenging为同义词。故填challenging。
【47题详解】
考查动词。句意：在选择科目时，我的大多数同学决定选择物理。decide表“决定”，为动词，与determine为同义词。故填determine。
【48题详解】
考查形容词。句意：作者把阅读小说作为一种摆脱令人困惑的世界的方式。confusing表“令人困惑”，为形容词，与puzzling为同义词。故填puzzling。
【49题详解】
考查名词。句意：在他看来，他所在城市球队的守门员完全是个失败者。loser表“失败者”，为名词，与failure为同义词。故填failure。
【50题详解】
考查名词。句意：上山砍柴时，他们遇到一大群狼在攻击他们。group表“群”，为名词，与pack为同义词。故填pack。
【51题详解】
考查形容词。句意：两国元首在胡海山别墅举行了第二次正式会晤。 formal表“正式的”，为形容词，与official为同义词。故填official。
【52题详解】
考查名词。句意：从小我就犯过很多错误，但我觉得犯一些并不可怕。mistakes表“错误”，为名词，与errors为同义词。故填errors。
第二节(共8小题;每小题1分，满分8分)
根据语境，选择下框中的单词或短语，必要时用正确的形式填空。框中有两个多余的单词或短语。
curious pretend statue recommend challenge event admire confuse take control of make an impression
53. Alice introduced herself confidently on the first of school, which________on me.
54. Pisa in Italy is a fine old city where the beautiful leaning tower can be _______ .
55. I usually go hiking for vacation, but I want to try something more ________ this year.
56. The instructions on the package are clear but________.
57. The older teenagers say that they ________ that freshmen wait until the second term before they join a team or club.
58. We are looking forward to seeing the Terracotta Army that is filled with_______.
59. Tom, a clever boy who is ________ about everything, likes to ask questions all the time.
60. He may get a yellow card if a footballer ________ to fall down during a match.
【答案】53. made an impression
54. admired
55. challenging
56. confusing
57. recommend
58. statues
59. curious
60. pretends
【解析】
【53题详解】
考查动词短语。句意：Alice第一次上学就自信地自我介绍，这给我留下了深刻印象。分析句子可知，此空可填动词短语作谓语，make an impression表“留下印象”，符合句意，且由前句可知，这里时态应用一般过去时。故填made an impression。
【54题详解】
考查动词和语态。句意：意大利的比萨是一座美丽的古城，在那里美丽的斜塔可以被欣赏。分析句子可知，此空可填动词作谓语， admire表“欣赏” ，符合句意，且此空应填过去分词形式与空前be构成被动语态。故填admired。
【55题详解】
考查形容词。句意：我通常去徒步旅行度假，但今年我想尝试一些更具挑战性的活动。分析句子可知，此空应填形容词作定语， challenge表“挑战”，为动词，其形容词形式为challenging，表“有挑战性的”，符合句意。故填challenging。
【56题详解】
考查形容词。句意：包装上的说明很清楚，但令人困惑。分析句子可知，此空应填形容词作表语。confuse 表“迷惑”，为动词，其形容词形式为confusing，表“令人困惑的”，符合句意。故填confusing。
【57题详解】
考查动词。句意：年龄较大的青少年说，他们建议大一新生等到第二学期再加入球队或俱乐部。分析句子可知，此空应填动词作谓语，recommend表“推荐”，符合句意，且由前后文可知，这里时态应用一般现在时。故填recommend。
【58题详解】
考查名词。句意：我们期待着看到充满雕像的兵马俑。分析句子可知，此空应填名词作宾语，statue表“雕像”，为可数名词，前面无表示数量的限定词，此处应该用复数形式表示泛指，其复数形式为statues，符合句意。故填statues。
【59题详解】
考查形容词。句意：汤姆是一个聪明的男孩，对任何事情都很好奇，喜欢总是问问题。分析句子可知，此空应填形容词作表语，curious表“好奇的”，为形容词，符合句意。故填curious。
【60题详解】
考查动词、时态和主谓一致。句意：如果一个足球运动员在比赛中假装摔倒，他可能会被黄牌警告。分析句子可知，此空应填动词作谓语。pretend表“假装”，为动词，符合句意，由句意可知，这里时态应用一般现在时，且主语 a footballer 为第三人称单数形式。故填pretends。
第三节 英汉互译(共5小题;每小题2分，满分10分)
(81-83题按括号中的要求进行汉译英，84-85题进行英译汉。)
61. 印加的建筑工人将石头切割成精确的尺寸，仅仅凭着石头间的完美契合，即可稳固墙体。（汉译英）
【答案】Inca builders cut stones to exact sizes so that nothing was needed to hold walls together other than the perfect fit of the stones.
【解析】
【详解】考查固定句型和被动语态。分析句子可知，主句是：印加的建筑工人将石头切割成精确的尺寸，其它是结果状语，用so that引导；Inca builders “印加的建筑工人”；cut“切割”，to exact size“尺寸精确”；hold walls together“稳固墙体”；other than“除了”，perfect fit“完美契合”；故译为Inca builders cut stones to exact sizes so that nothing was needed to hold walls together other than the perfect fit of the stones.
62. 为其四天的徒步旅行将带您在通往马丘比丘的途中，踏上穿越安第斯山脉的传奇之路。(n.做主语)(汉译英)
【答案】This four-day walking tour will take you on amazing paths through the Andes Mountains on the way to the city of Machu Picchu.
【解析】
【详解】考查固定短语和时态。表示“为其四天的徒步旅行”应用this four-day walking tour，作主语；表示“带您在通往马丘比丘的途中”翻译为on the way to the city of Machu Picchu；表示“踏上穿越安第斯山脉的传奇之路”翻译为take you on amazing paths through the Andes Mountains，为一般将来时。故翻译为This four-day walking tour will take you on amazing paths through the Andes Mountains on the way to the city of Machu Picchu.
63. 然而，花费太多时间上网有损健康，也会让你们很难把精力放在生活中的其他事情上。（汉译英）
【答案】However, spending too much time online does damage to your health and makes it difficult to focus on other things in your life.
【解析】
【详解】考查副词，动名词和固定短语。“然而”用however作状语，“花费太多时间上网”是spend too much time online，用动名词作主语，“有损健康”是do damage to your health，句子描述客观事实，动名词作主语谓语动词用单数，do用第三人称单数，“也”用and表并列，“使得做某事很难”是make it difficult to do，其中it是形式宾语，真正的宾语是不定式，make用第三人称单数，“把精力放在……上”是focus on sth.，“生活中的其他事情”是other things in your life，故答案为However, spending too much time online does damage to your health and makes it difficult to focus on other things in your life.
64. The competition has raised our interest in English learning and provide us with a good chance to experience the magic power of English culture.(英译汉)
【答案】那个比赛提高了我们学习英语的兴趣，并给我们提供了一个体验英语文化之魔力的好机会。
【解析】
【详解】考查句子结构。分析句子可知，主语The competition是“那个比赛”，has raised以及provide皆为谓语动词，意为“提高了”及“提供了”，our interest“我们的兴趣”、us“我们”以及with a good chance“一个好的机会”为宾语，in English learning“在英语学习方面”为状语，to experience the magic power of English culture.“去体验英语文化之魔力”作目的状语。故本句可译为：那个比赛提高了我们学习英语的兴趣，并给我们提供了一个体验英语文化之魔力的好机会。
65. Living legends must be athletes who are masters in their sports and also set good examples for others. (英译汉)
【答案】
体育界活传奇必须是运动项目上的大师，并且是他人学习的楷模。
【解析】
【详解】考查句子结构。分析句子结构可知，本句为含有定语从句的复合句，主语Living legends译为“体育界的活传奇”，must be“一定是”，表语athletes“运动员”，定语从句who are masters in their sports and also set good examples for others修饰先行词athletes，译为“运动项目上的大师，并且是他人学习的楷模”。故翻译为：体育界的活传奇必须是运动项目上的大师，并且是他人学习的楷模。
第五部分 写作(满分25分)
66. 假如你是李华，你的美国好友Jenny打算寒假来到中国旅行，请你写信为她推荐一处值得旅行的中国城市。
内容包括：1. 推荐的城市；2. 推荐的理由(3点)；3 表达祝福。
Dear Jenny，
__________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Best wishes!
Yours,
Li Hua
【答案】Dear Jenny,
I am glad to hear from you. Knowing that you are planning a China tour, I’d like to recommend Xishuangbanna most.
First, located in southern Yunnan, Xishuangbanna is famous for its pleasant climate and thick rainforest. Second, people travel thousands of miles to see the fascinating landscape, and appreciate the unique culture of the Dai people. Third, hiking in the forest, you can see many rare wild animals. Last but not least, take a walk in town, and you can enjoy unique local food. I’m sure you will never get bored with traveling there. Hope my recommendation will be helpful to you and wish you a great journey.
Best wishes.
Yours,
Li Hua
【解析】
【导语】本篇书面表达属于应用文。要求考生给美国好友Jenny写信，为她推荐一处值得旅行的中国城市。
【详解】1.词汇积累
欣赏：appreciate→admire
令人愉快：pleasant→favorable
高兴的：glad→delighted
位于：be located in→situate
2.句式拓展
简单句变复合句
原句：First, located in southern Yunnan, Xishuangbanna is famous for its pleasant climate and thick rainforest.
拓展句：First, Xishuangbanna, which is located in southern Yunnan, is famous for its pleasant climate and thick rainforest.
【点睛】[高分句型1] Knowing that you are planning a China tour, I’d like to recommend Xishuangbanna most. (运用了that引导宾语从句)
[高分句型2] First, located in southern Yunnan, Xishuangbanna is famous for its pleasant climate and thick rainforest.(运用了过去分词作状语)

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