2023-2024福建省部分地市校高三一检一模英语试题（原卷版+ 解析版无听力音频无听力原文）

福建省部分地市校2024届高中毕业班第一次质量检测
英语试题
本试卷共10页，总分150分，考试时间150分钟。
注意事项：
1.答卷前，考生务必将自己的姓名、准考证号填写在答题卡上。
2.回答选择题时，选出每小题答案后，用铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑。如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案标号。回答非选择题时，将答案写在答题卡上。写在本试卷上无效。
3.考试结束后，将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。
第一部分 听力(共两节，满分30分)
第一节(共5小题;每小题1.5分，满分7.5分)
听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。
例：How much is the shirt
A. 19.15. B. 9.18. C. 9.15.
答案是C。
1. What are the speakers going to do on Saturday
A. Enjoy a concert. B. Go to the cinema. C. Play computer games.
2. Why does the woman congratulate the man
A. He’s getting married. B. He becomes a doctor. C. He’s just become a father.
3. What are the speakers mainly talking about
A. A saying. B. A game. C. A heart disease.
4. How does the man probably feel
A. Excited. B. Unhappy. C. Surprised.
5. When will the train probably leave
A. At 10:00. B. At 10:30. C. At 10:45.
第二节(共15小题;每小题1.5分，满分22.5分)
听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟;听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。
听第6段材料，回答第6、7题。
6. Why does the man congratulate Ava
A. She saved a sick goose. B. She finished a new book. C. She won a competition.
7. What does Ava think of her story
A. It’s sad. B. It’s inspiring. C. It’s funny.
听第7段材料，回答第8、9题。
8. What is the relationship between the speakers
A. Co-workers. B. Fellow tourists. C. Traveler and agent.
9. What are the speakers discussing
A. Beijing culture.
B. Beijing’s tourist attractions.
C. Beijingers’ life in Hutong.
听第8段材料，回答第10至12题。
10. What kind of jobs seems to be in short supply
A. Teachers. B. Writers. C. Reporters.
11. Where is the woman most likely to go
A. New York. B. Boston. C. California.
12. What does the man plan to do if he can’t find a job
A. Write a book. B. Try to be his own boss. C. Continue his education.
听第9段材料，回答第13至16题。
13. What do people in Bell Labs do
A. Conduct research in communication.
B. Study the connection between IQ and EQ.
C. Train engineers to be star workers.
14. What is the difference between the studied star workers and others
A. Academic qualifications. B. Working years.
C. Emotional intelligence.
15. Why can the star workers get an answer right away
A. They have higher IQ.
B. They gain access to more resources.
C. They are quicker to send out emails.
16. What is the purpose of the conversation
A. To introduce the benefits of EQ.
B. To talk about a study.
C. To discuss human relationships.
听第10段材料，回答第17至20题。
17. What might the speaker be
A. A school headmaster. B. A parent representative. C. A city official.
18. What is the speaker proud of
A. How bravely people face a tough year.
B. How many people are attending the ceremony.
C. How quickly the students adapted to online learning.
19. What percentage of students are going on to further education
A. About 50%. B. About 66%. C. About 75%.
20. What’s the talk mainly about
A. A speech for the graduates in a high school.
B. The importance of online learning.
C. The advice on applying to universities.
第二部分 阅读理解(共两节，满分50分)
第一节(共15小题：每小题2.5分，满分37.5分)
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。
A
Thanks For Giving 4 Miler
Thurs. November 23, 2023
The Event
Sign up today for the 2023 Thanks For Giving 4 Miler and Kids Dash that will take place this Thanksgiving in New Albany! Come out and join us for a fun kick off to Thanksgiving Day festivities! As always, 100% of our net proceeds go to help those in need.
All are welcome, including competitive runners, joggers, and walkers wanting to enjoy time with friends and loved ones. Registration ends on November 22, 2023.
The Fee
There is no official race fee. You can give as much or as little as you want. However-a $40 minimum donation is required to get our soft T-shirt. Our goal is to feed as many families in Central Ohio as we can. You can help by running our race, spreading the word, or making a donation. You may bring any donation you want, from a can of soup to cash. Let’s make a difference.
Event Day Timeline
6:30 am: Race day check-in begins.
8:00 am: Opening ceremony (仪式) begins!
8:15 am: Kids Dash begins!
8:30 am: The Thanks For Giving 4 Miler kicks off!
Awards
The top three overall male and female finishers will receive a gift certificate. The top three male and female finishers in each of the following age groups will receive a pumpkin (南瓜) pie: 14 and under, 15-19, 20-24, 25-29, 30-34, 35-39, 40-44, 45-49, 50-54, 55-59, 60-64, 65-69, 70 and above. Every participant of the kids race receives a finisher’s medal!
Safety
For safety, please no bicycles, skateboards, inline skates, or participation with pets.
1. What is Thanks For Giving 4 Miler and Kids Run
A. A marathon race. B. A charity event.
C. A kid-targeted activity. D. A holiday get-together.
2. What will a man ranking second in his age group be sure to win
A. A soft T-shirt. B. A pumpkin pie.
C. A gift certificate. D. A finisher’s medal.
3. What is required for participation
A. Bringing a donation.
B. Reaching a certain age.
C. Registering in advance.
D. Wearing safety equipment.
B
In 1959, Handler changed how toy dolls were made when she introduced “Barbie” to the world. With her mature figure, Barbie was one of the first “grown-up” dolls to hit the retail market.
Handler wanted to create a toy that was different from the baby dolls that dominated little girls’ toy boxes. She wanted a doll that girls could project their future dreams upon and allowed for limitless clothing and career choices. Inspired by paper dolls of the time, Handler, to much disagreement, made sure Barbie had the body of a grown woman.
“My own philosophy of Barbie,” Handler wrote in her autobiography, “was that through the doll, the little girl could be anything she wanted to be. Barbie always represented the fact that a woman had choices.”
There’s even a Barbie for cancer patients — Brave Barbie — a partnership between Mattel and CureSearch that sends a bald (光头的) Barbie to families affected by cancer. “Gifting my daughter a Barbie who suffered from cancer was tremendous,” Michelle, a cancer survivor said, “We would play with that Barbie together and I’d heartbreakingly watch her pretend to take the doll to the hospital for chemo (化疗), or place its long wig on top of its head and tell the doll ‘It’s time to be beautiful again.’”
Bald Barbie was super brave and went on awesome adventures after chemo. Sometimes she felt sick and needed to sleep, but would feel much better after a rest. Bald Barbie always beat the cancer and went on to live a long and happy life with her family. That Barbie became so much more than a plastic doll — she was a means of communication and a coping mechanism during an extremely distressing time for little families.
4. Why did Handler create Barbie
A. To make a hit in the retail market. B. To appeal to girls with her diverse outfits.
C. To do a project on women’s career choices. D. To inspire girls to make choices as they wish.
5 How might Michelle feel when watching her daughter with Brave Barbie
A. Sad yet comforted. B. Envious yet proud.
C. Overwhelmed and ashamed. D. Heartbroken and regretful.
6. What does Brave Barbie mean to Michelle’s family
A. A reliable emotional support. B. A glue for broken relationships.
C. An effective practical treatment. D. A secret medium of negotiation.
7. Where is the text probably taken from
A A medical journal. B. A charity brochure.
C. A financial report. D. A story collection.
C
When driving, Clara-Marina Martinez takes down any unusual behaviour she sees on the road. She then feeds these into machine-learning algorithms (算法), a form of AI, which are intended to produce a system reliable enough for a car to drive itself without any disturbance from the driver, and cope with all situations on the road. But this proving hard to achieve, carmakers choose to scale back many attempts to do so. Last year, for instance, Uber, a ride-hailing service, sold off its unit developing self-driving cars at a low price.
Autonomous vehicles are boasted as being not just convenient but potentially safer. However, just as people take time to learn how to drive safely, machines are no exception. The RAND Corporation, an American think-tank, calculates that to develop a system 20% safer than a human driver, a fleet of 100 self-driving cars would have to operate 24 hours a day, 365 days a year, and cover 14 billion kilometres. At average road speeds, that would take about 400 years.
Carmakers such as Porsche therefore accelerate the development process using simulators (模拟器). These teach software about danger only rarely encountered in reality. Dr Martinez and her colleagues employ “game engines”, the programs that generate photo realistic images in computer games, to do this. These are used to create virtual worlds through which the software can drive.
How quickly, if ever, all this will translate into reality remains to be seen. Both regulators and customers will need to overcome doubt that a software driver really can be safer than human. From Porsche’s point of view, though, there is one other relevant question. Given that much of the reason for owning a sports car is for owners to show off what they regard as their driving skills, just how big a market will there be for a version where software takes those boasting rights away
8. What do the underlined words “scale back” mean in Paragraph 1
A. Make B. Overlook. C. Encourage. D. Reduce.
9. The learning process of autonomous vehicles’ safe driving can be described as___________.
A. time-consuming B. fast-paced C. thought-provoking D. well-designed
10. What challenge do autonomous vehicles bring to Porsche
A. Ensuring the pleasure of driving B. Making their sports cars affordable.
C. Removing public doubts about safety. D. Integrating game engines into their vehicles.
11. What can be a suitable title for the text
A. Porsche: Sports Cars at Risk B. Self-driving Cars: Still Some Way to Go
C. Simulators: The Core of Autonomous Vehicles D. Machine Learning Algorithms: The Arrival of Al
D
Goldfish may seem like simple creatures swimming in a glass tank, but they possess a rather complicated navigation system, as discovered by researchers at the University of Oxford Led by Dr. Adelaide Sibeaux, the study aims to shed light on our understanding of how fish, and potentially humans, estimate distances using what could be described as an internal GPS.
Writing in the journal Proceedings of the Royal Society B, Sibeaux and colleagues report how they created a tank in their experiment with 2cm-wide black and white vertical stripes (条纹) on the walls, connected by similar stripes across the floor. The team trained nine goldfish to swim a set distance of 70cm and then return to their starting point when waved at. The experiment aimed to investigate how the fish would estimate this distance without any gestures, under different patterns.
Over multiple trials, the goldfish averaged a swim distance of 74cm, give or take 17cm, when presented with the vertical 2cm-wide stripes. However, when the stripe pattern was altered to either narrower vertical stripes, checked patterns, or horizontal stripes, the fish’s behavior changed significantly. Narrower vertical stripes led them to overestimating the distance by 36%, while horizontal stripes resulted in highly inconsistent estimations.
According to the researchers, the goldfish appeared to be using an “optic (光学的) flow mechanism” based on the visual density of their environment. They kept track of how frequently the vertical pattern switched between black and white to estimate how far they had traveled. The study suggests that different optic flow mechanisms are used by mammals, including humans, based on angular (有角度的) motion of visual features. The study implies that the use of visually based distance information could have emerged early in the evolutionary timeline.
“This study is novel because, despite knowing that fish respond to geometric information regarding direction and distance, we don’t know how they estimate distances,” Professor Colin Lever, although not involved in the study, said, “it’s exciting to explore fish spatial mapping because fish navigation evolved earlier and better than most mammals.”
12. Why did Dr. Adelaide Sibeaux conduct the study on goldfish
A. To test the accuracy of goldfish’s internal GPS.
B. To create an advanced navigation system for humans
C. To uncover how an inbuilt GPS helps calculate distances.
D. To explore the relationships between goldfish and humans
13. What can we learn about the experiment
A. People gestured the goldfish throughout the experiment
B. The tank was decorated with colorful background patterns
C. Goldfish tended to underestimate distances with horizontal stripes.
D. The change in the tank setting led to the goldfish's incorrect judgment.
14. It can be concluded from the fourth paragraph that ____________.
A. optic flow mechanism is unique to humans
B. mammals developed flow mechanism long before goldfish
C. goldfish evaluated the distance with multidimensional visual information
D. visual density of the environment strengthened the locating ability of goldfish
15. What attitude does Professor Colin hold towards the study
A. Neutral. B. Ambiguous. C. Disapproving. D. Favorable.
第二节(共5小题;每小题2.5分，满分12.5分)
根据下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
A majority of the people do not read the classics Their reasons begin with the language being too difficult and end with the storyline to distant to the present context. Love for classics is obviously not at first sight. ___16___ We begin as acquaintances (泛泛之交) and eventually become close friends with private jokes between us. So how does one approach a classic
Don’t be afraid to be confused.
We get it: it’s hard to power through confusion. It doesn’t feel great when a book makes you feel confused. Every reader has to start somewhere. ___17___ Instead, be proud of yourself for trying, and get excited about all the new things you’ll learn.
Research, research, research.
___18___ Researching the author-and the time and place they were writing about-can help you situate yourself during tricky passages. The author’s experience, viewpoint, and historical context might help you make the connections you might not have otherwise.
Just pick the book up.
This step is self-explanatory. While it’s not hard to just pick a book up, we know how difficult it can be to convince yourself to do so. ___19___ Take a deep breath, then leap onto the deck (甲板) of Melville’s Pequod or step cautiously through the gates of Castle Dracula.
Remember: there is no right answer.
There is no perfect way to read a classic text. There is no defining interpretation, no singular, exact answer. Your goal as a reader is to discover what aspects and insights are meaningful to you. Enjoy the process. ___20___ Even if your interpretation of the work isn’t quite perfect, it is still valuable!
A. It is a gradual affair.
B. Allow the book to grow with you.
C It has some form of historical influence.
D. Before you turn to page one, do some digging.
E. Never beat yourself up for not knowing something.
F. Remind yourself that it’s a new learning opportunity.
G. Consider what confuses you, read with intention, and think critically.
第三部分 语言运用(共两节，满分30分)
第一节(共15小题;每小题1分，满分15分)
Gang (团伙) tensions were rising at Southwood High School. Some community activists held a(n) ____21____meeting with parents and the principal. A group of the fathers ____22____ decided it was time to make their ____23____ known on campus.
That’s how Dads on Duty was born with its goal - make sure the kids are ____24____. Around 40 men organized into six-person shifts, with two shifts on campus every day. They ____25____ the day after the meeting. These people ____26____ their own schedules and commitments without complaint. Some of them are fathers of kids at the school, while others are not but expect the youth in their community to know they have a(n) ____27____ village behind them.
Now, anyone who wants to enter the school with ____28____ will have to avoid energetic papa bears, big smiles and many dad jokes. It’s hard to be a tough guy when somebody’s uncle has just ____29____ you into checking your shoelaces for countless times, only to find that they are not, in fact, untied.
Since Dads on Duty arrived on campus, gang battles have ____30____ declined. “The school has been ____31____, you can feel it,” said one student. Another told the Washington Post, “They ____32____ all the kids like we’re their own children.”
The dads aren’t meant to ____33____ security guards. If they do see a(n) ____34____ may occur, they get security on the scene as soon as possible. Their presence is meant to be more ____35____ than reactionary.
21.
A. regular B. difficult C. emergency D. scheduled
22.
A. on duty B. in attendance C. at work D. under guard
23
A. voice B. status C. effort D. presence
24.
A. safe B. hardworking C. healthy D. equal
25.
A. practiced B. started C. gathered D. prepared
26.
A. check B. maintain C. sacrifice D. arrange
27.
A. large B. wild C. entire D. local
28.
A. confusion B. anger C. fright D. shock
29.
A. tricked B. persuaded C. forced D. scared
30.
A. never B. unexpectedly C. further D. dramatically
31.
A. happy B. curious C. cautious D. innovative
32.
A. yell at B. interact with C. make fun of D. look up to
33.
A. change B. post C. replace D. criticize
34.
A. debate B. theft C. fight D. instance.
35.
A. practical B. extraordinary C. temporary D. preventive
第二节(共3篇，10小题;每小题1.5分，共15分)
阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容(1个单词)或括号内单词的正确形式。
The Confucian Analects or The Analects (论语) is a collection of the sayings and teachings of Confucius and his disciples (门徒). It ____36____(compile) in the early Warring States Period, over 70 years after the death of Confucius, from the notes that his disciples took according to the answers____37____their questions.
The present-day Analects is based on the Lu version compiled during the Han Dynasty and embodies,____38____Confucian concept of ren or humanity or benevolence. Ren is rich in content, and varied in form.
The core of the concept is “The benevolent love of others” or universal love, ____39____ is the basic virtue of a gentleman of noble character. Confucius believes that being benevolent does not mean ____40____(be)without principles. One should be clear about what____41____(love) or hate. Ren comes from learning and self-cultivation: it can be seen from a person’s appearance. To be sure, li or rites and yue or music are important. ____42____, ren is the No. 1 principle of being a decent man. It is actually the essence of li and yue. Without ren, li or yue would be____43____(meaning).
Apart from ren, Confucius put forward another concept, which is yi or righteousness. Yi is the codes of conduct under the ____44____(guide) of ren. “The virtuous man cherishes a respect for the law,_____45_____the vile (邪恶的) man cherishes generous treatment. ”
第四部分 写作(共两节，满分40分)
第一节(满分15分)
46. 你校正在为即将举行的国际交流生研学活动布置校园文化宣传栏，请你为其中的“书香校园(scholarly school)”版块写一篇英文介绍词，内容包括:
1.内涵意义:
2.具体实践。
注意:
1.写作词数应为80左右;
2.请按如下格式在答题纸的相应位置作答。
Scholarly School
______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
第二节(满分25分)
47. 阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。
In the spring sun, my aunt and I headed for her flower shop. Normally I would be delighted to help in her shop, but not recently because of Rosa. Rosa was my sister, just one month old, who was settled in my old bedroom. For ten years, the small room was full of my toys and books. But now it was transformed into her baby room, decorated like a garden with pinks and yellows. My space, my old life, was gone.
“Here we are!” We arrived at the shop, a wave of colour and sweet smell washing over me. My aunt said I could pick some flowers for Mum and Dad. I used to love this, but today I was so overcome with tiredness and envy. Why bother to bring them flowers when they were enjoying Rosa at home without me
Silently I helped my aunt arrange flowers. “Your mum told me there hasn’t been much shut eye recently for any of you.” “Not much, since Rosa the alarm clock was installed (安装).” I complained with a huge yawn (哈欠).
“I remember having to creep (蹑手蹑脚地走) around like a worn-out mouse when your mum was a baby. I spent the first months hating her so much.” “But you and Mum seem so close,” I said, guiltily hiding away my envy of Rosa.
“Now we are. But it took me years to grow into the role of big sister. Few flowers blossom (绽放) overnight, you know.” She pulled me in for aside hug, glancing up at the clock, and suggested I take a walk outside.
Behind her shop was a field dotted with spring flowers. Stepping into the field, I began to pick little flowers. It was like gathering my childhood memories. I remembered how I’d sit with Dad, making flower chains, crowning (授予) each other with the silliest titles: Queen of Junk Food and King of Mess. My smile grew wider. The shining yellow flowers reminded me of the color in Rosa’s baby room. Was she awake I wondered.
注意：
1.续写词数应为150左右；
2.请按如下格式在答题卷的相应位置作答。
Suddenly I saw two familiar figures walking towards me.
_______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Rosa was wide awake in her baby basket beside the picnic blanket.
_______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
听力答案：1-20 ACABC CBABA CCACB BACBA福建省部分地市校2024届高中毕业班第一次质量检测
英语试题
本试卷共10页，总分150分，考试时间150分钟。
注意事项：
1.答卷前，考生务必将自己的姓名、准考证号填写在答题卡上。
2.回答选择题时，选出每小题答案后，用铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑。如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案标号。回答非选择题时，将答案写在答题卡上。写在本试卷上无效。
3.考试结束后，将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。
第一部分 听力(共两节，满分30分)
第一节(共5小题;每小题1.5分，满分7.5分)
听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。
例：How much is the shirt
A. 19.15. B. 9.18. C. 9.15.
答案是C。
1. What are the speakers going to do on Saturday
A. Enjoy a concert. B. Go to the cinema. C. Play computer games.
2. Why does the woman congratulate the man
A. He’s getting married. B. He becomes a doctor. C. He’s just become a father.
3. What are the speakers mainly talking about
A. A saying. B. A game. C. A heart disease.
4. How does the man probably feel
A. Excited. B. Unhappy. C. Surprised.
5. When will the train probably leave
A. At 10:00. B. At 10:30. C. At 10:45.
第二节(共15小题;每小题1.5分，满分22.5分)
听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟;听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。
听第6段材料，回答第6、7题。
6. Why does the man congratulate Ava
A She saved a sick goose. B. She finished a new book. C. She won a competition.
7. What does Ava think of her story
A. It’s sad. B. It’s inspiring. C. It’s funny.
听第7段材料，回答第8、9题。
8. What is the relationship between the speakers
A. Co-workers. B. Fellow tourists. C. Traveler and agent.
9. What are the speakers discussing
A. Beijing culture.
B. Beijing’s tourist attractions.
C. Beijingers’ life in Hutong.
听第8段材料，回答第10至12题。
10. What kind of jobs seems to be in short supply
A. Teachers. B. Writers. C. Reporters.
11. Where is the woman most likely to go
A. New York. B. Boston. C. California.
12. What does the man plan to do if he can’t find a job
A Write a book. B. Try to be his own boss. C. Continue his education.
听第9段材料，回答第13至16题。
13. What do people in Bell Labs do
A. Conduct research in communication.
B. Study the connection between IQ and EQ.
C. Train engineers to be star workers.
14. What is the difference between the studied star workers and others
A. Academic qualifications. B. Working years.
C. Emotional intelligence.
15. Why can the star workers get an answer right away
A. They have higher IQ.
B. They gain access to more resources.
C. They are quicker to send out emails.
16. What is the purpose of the conversation
A. To introduce the benefits of EQ.
B. To talk about a study.
C. To discuss human relationships.
听第10段材料，回答第17至20题。
17. What might the speaker be
A. A school headmaster. B. A parent representative. C. A city official.
18. What is the speaker proud of
A. How bravely people face a tough year.
B. How many people are attending the ceremony.
C. How quickly the students adapted to online learning.
19. What percentage of students are going on to further education
A. About 50%. B. About 66%. C. About 75%.
20. What’s the talk mainly about
A. A speech for the graduates in a high school.
B. The importance of online learning.
C. The advice on applying to universities.
第二部分 阅读理解(共两节，满分50分)
第一节(共15小题：每小题2.5分，满分37.5分)
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。
A
Thanks For Giving 4 Miler
Thurs. November 23, 2023
The Event
Sign up today for the 2023 Thanks For Giving 4 Miler and Kids Dash that will take place this Thanksgiving in New Albany! Come out and join us for a fun kick off to Thanksgiving Day festivities! As always, 100% of our net proceeds go to help those in need.
All are welcome, including competitive runners, joggers, and walkers wanting to enjoy time with friends and loved ones. Registration ends on November 22, 2023.
The Fee
There is no official race fee. You can give as much or as little as you want. However-a $40 minimum donation is required to get our soft T-shirt. Our goal is to feed as many families in Central Ohio as we can. You can help by running our race, spreading the word, or making a donation. You may bring any donation you want, from a can of soup to cash. Let’s make a difference.
Event Day Timeline
6:30 am: Race day check-in begins.
8:00 am: Opening ceremony (仪式) begins!
8:15 am: Kids Dash begins!
8:30 am: The Thanks For Giving 4 Miler kicks off!
Awards
The top three overall male and female finishers will receive a gift certificate. The top three male and female finishers in each of the following age groups will receive a pumpkin (南瓜) pie: 14 and under, 15-19, 20-24, 25-29, 30-34, 35-39, 40-44, 45-49, 50-54, 55-59, 60-64, 65-69, 70 and above. Every participant of the kids race receives a finisher’s medal!
Safety
For safety, please no bicycles, skateboards, inline skates, or participation with pets.
1. What is Thanks For Giving 4 Miler and Kids Run
A. A marathon race. B. A charity event.
C. A kid-targeted activity. D. A holiday get-together.
2. What will a man ranking second in his age group be sure to win
A. A soft T-shirt. B. A pumpkin pie.
C. A gift certificate. D. A finisher’s medal.
3. What is required for participation
A. Bringing a donation.
B. Reaching a certain age.
C. Registering in advance.
D. Wearing safety equipment.
【答案】1. B 2. B 3. C
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇应用文。文章介绍了今年感恩节在新奥尔巴尼举行的2023年“感谢给予4英里和儿童短跑”活动的相关信息。
【1题详解】
细节理解题。根据第一段中的“As always, 100% of our net proceeds go to help those in need.(一如既往，我们100%的净收益将用于帮助那些需要帮助的人)”可知，感谢给予4英里和儿童短跑是一个慈善活动。故选B。
【2题详解】
细节理解题。根据倒数第二段中的“The top three male and female finishers in each of the following age groups will receive a pumpkin (南瓜) pie(以下年龄组的前三名男女选手将获得一个南瓜派)”可知，在他的年龄组中排名第二的人一定会赢得一个南瓜派。故选B。
【3题详解】
推理判断题。根据第二段中的“Registration ends on November 22, 2023.(登记截止日期为2023年11月22日)”可推知，参加活动需要提前登记。故选C。
B
In 1959, Handler changed how toy dolls were made when she introduced “Barbie” to the world. With her mature figure, Barbie was one of the first “grown-up” dolls to hit the retail market.
Handler wanted to create a toy that was different from the baby dolls that dominated little girls’ toy boxes. She wanted a doll that girls could project their future dreams upon and allowed for limitless clothing and career choices. Inspired by paper dolls of the time, Handler, to much disagreement, made sure Barbie had the body of a grown woman.
“My own philosophy of Barbie,” Handler wrote in her autobiography, “was that through the doll, the little girl could be anything she wanted to be. Barbie always represented the fact that a woman had choices.”
There’s even a Barbie for cancer patients — Brave Barbie — a partnership between Mattel and CureSearch that sends a bald (光头的) Barbie to families affected by cancer. “Gifting my daughter a Barbie who suffered from cancer was tremendous,” Michelle, a cancer survivor said, “We would play with that Barbie together and I’d heartbreakingly watch her pretend to take the doll to the hospital for chemo (化疗), or place its long wig on top of its head and tell the doll ‘It’s time to be beautiful again.’”
Bald Barbie was super brave and went on awesome adventures after chemo. Sometimes she felt sick and needed to sleep, but would feel much better after a rest. Bald Barbie always beat the cancer and went on to live a long and happy life with her family. That Barbie became so much more than a plastic doll — she was a means of communication and a coping mechanism during an extremely distressing time for little families.
4. Why did Handler create Barbie
A. To make a hit in the retail market. B. To appeal to girls with her diverse outfits.
C. To do a project on women’s career choices. D. To inspire girls to make choices as they wish.
5. How might Michelle feel when watching her daughter with Brave Barbie
A. Sad yet comforted. B. Envious yet proud.
C. Overwhelmed and ashamed. D. Heartbroken and regretful.
6. What does Brave Barbie mean to Michelle’s family
A. A reliable emotional support. B. A glue for broken relationships.
C. An effective practical treatment. D. A secret medium of negotiation.
7. Where is the text probably taken from
A. A medical journal. B. A charity brochure.
C. A financial report. D. A story collection.
【答案】4. D 5. A 6. A 7. D
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了Handler创造芭比娃娃的初衷，以及其中一个名为Brave Barbie的洋娃娃对一个癌症女孩的帮助。
【4题详解】
推理判断题。根据第二段的“She wanted a doll that girls could project their future dreams upon and allowed for limitless clothing and career choices. (她想要一个女孩们可以投射未来梦想的娃娃，并允许无限的服装和职业选择)”和第三段的“the little girl could be anything she wanted to be. Barbie always represented the fact that a woman had choices.(通过这个娃娃，小女孩可以成为任何她想成为的人。芭比娃娃一直代表着女性拥有选择权的事实)”可推知， Handler创造Barbie的目的是让激励女孩根据自己的意愿做出选择。故选D。
【5题详解】
推理判断题。根据倒数第二段的““Gifting my daughter a Barbie who suffered from cancer was tremendous,” Michelle, a cancer survivor said, “We would play with that Barbie together and I’d heartbreakingly watch her pretend to take the doll to the hospital for chemo (化疗), or place its long wig on top of its head and tell the doll ‘It’s time to be beautiful again.’”(“送给我患癌症的女儿一个芭比娃娃真是太棒了，”癌症幸存者米歇尔说，“给我的女儿一个患了癌症的芭比娃娃是一件非常美妙的事情。我们会一起玩那个芭比娃娃，我心碎地看着她假装带着芭比娃娃去医院化疗，或者把它的长假发戴在它的头上，告诉它‘是时候变漂亮了’”)”可推知，Michelle看到女儿和Brave Barbie一起感到欣慰的同时也很难过。故选A。
【6题详解】
推理判断题。根据最后一段的“Bald Barbie always beat the cancer and went on to live a long and happy life with her family. That Barbie became so much more than a plastic doll — she was a means of communication and a coping mechanism during an extremely distressing time for little families.(秃头芭比总是战胜癌症，并继续与她的家人过着漫长而幸福的生活。芭比娃娃不仅仅是一个塑料娃娃——她是一个沟通的工具，也是一个在小家庭极度痛苦时期的应对机制)”可推知，Brave Barbie对于米歇尔一家而言是可靠的情感支持，帮助女儿和这个家庭应对极度痛苦的阶段。故选A。
【7题详解】
推理判断题。通读全文可知，文章主要讲述了Handler创造芭比娃娃的初衷，以及其中一个名为Brave Barbie的洋娃娃对一个癌症女孩和其家庭的帮助。由此推知，本文很有可能来自一本故事集。故选D。
C
When driving, Clara-Marina Martinez takes down any unusual behaviour she sees on the road. She then feeds these into machine-learning algorithms (算法), a form of AI, which are intended to produce a system reliable enough for a car to drive itself without any disturbance from the driver, and cope with all situations on the road. But this proving hard to achieve, carmakers choose to scale back many attempts to do so. Last year, for instance, Uber, a ride-hailing service, sold off its unit developing self-driving cars at a low price.
Autonomous vehicles are boasted as being not just convenient but potentially safer. However, just as people take time to learn how to drive safely, machines are no exception. The RAND Corporation, an American think-tank, calculates that to develop a system 20% safer than a human driver, a fleet of 100 self-driving cars would have to operate 24 hours a day, 365 days a year, and cover 14 billion kilometres. At average road speeds, that would take about 400 years.
Carmakers such as Porsche therefore accelerate the development process using simulators (模拟器). These teach software about danger only rarely encountered in reality. Dr Martinez and her colleagues employ “game engines”, the programs that generate photo realistic images in computer games, to do this. These are used to create virtual worlds through which the software can drive.
How quickly, if ever, all this will translate into reality remains to be seen. Both regulators and customers will need to overcome doubt that a software driver really can be safer than human. From Porsche’s point of view, though, there is one other relevant question. Given that much of the reason for owning a sports car is for owners to show off what they regard as their driving skills, just how big a market will there be for a version where software takes those boasting rights away
8. What do the underlined words “scale back” mean in Paragraph 1
A. Make B. Overlook. C. Encourage. D. Reduce.
9. The learning process of autonomous vehicles’ safe driving can be described as___________.
A time-consuming B. fast-paced C. thought-provoking D. well-designed
10. What challenge do autonomous vehicles bring to Porsche
A. Ensuring the pleasure of driving B. Making their sports cars affordable.
C. Removing public doubts about safety. D. Integrating game engines into their vehicles.
11. What can be a suitable title for the text
A. Porsche: Sports Cars at Risk B. Self-driving Cars: Still Some Way to Go
C. Simulators: The Core of Autonomous Vehicles D. Machine Learning Algorithms: The Arrival of Al
【答案】8. D 9. A 10. A 11. B
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要讲述开发自动驾驶汽车的问题以及对跑车市场的影响。
【8题详解】
词句猜测题。根据划线词后文“Last year, for instance, Uber, a ride-hailing service, sold off its unit developing self-driving cars at a low price.(例如，去年，叫车服务公司优步（Uber）低价出售了开发自动驾驶汽车的部门)”可知，后文低价出售自动驾驶汽车的部门的例子说明汽车制造商选择减少许多这样做的尝试。故划线词意思是“减少”。故选D。
【9题详解】
细节理解题。根据第二段“The RAND Corporation, an American think-tank, calculates that to develop a system 20% safer than a human driver, a fleet of 100 self-driving cars would have to operate 24 hours a day, 365 days a year, and cover 14 billion kilometres. At average road speeds, that would take about 400 years.(据美国智库兰德公司(RAND Corporation)计算，要开发一个比人类驾驶员安全20%系统，100辆自动驾驶汽车的车队必须一年365天，每天24小时运行，行驶140亿公里。按照平均道路速度，这需要大约400年的时间)”可知，自动驾驶汽车安全驾驶的学习过程是非常耗时的。故选A。
【10题详解】
细节理解题。根据最后一段“From Porsche’s point of view, though, there is one other relevant question. Given that much of the reason for owning a sports car is for owners to show off what they regard as their driving skills, just how big a market will there be for a version where software takes those boasting rights away (不过，从保时捷的角度来看，还有一个相关的问题。考虑到拥有跑车的主要原因是为了炫耀他们认为自己的驾驶技术，那么一个软件夺走了这些炫耀权利的版本会有多大的市场？)”可知，自动驾驶汽车在确保驾驶的乐趣方面会给保时捷带来挑战。故选A。
【11题详解】
主旨大意题。根据第二段“Autonomous vehicles are boasted as being not just convenient but potentially safer. However, just as people take time to learn how to drive safely, machines are no exception. The RAND Corporation, an American think-tank, calculates that to develop a system 20% safer than a human driver, a fleet of 100 self-driving cars would have to operate 24 hours a day, 365 days a year, and cover 14 billion kilometres. At average road speeds, that would take about 400 years.(自动驾驶汽车被吹嘘为不仅方便，而且可能更安全。然而，就像人们花时间学习如何安全驾驶一样，机器也不例外。据美国智库兰德公司(RAND Corporation)计算，要开发一个比人类驾驶员安全20%的系统，100辆自动驾驶汽车的车队必须一年365天，每天24小时运行，行驶140亿公里。按照平均道路速度，这需要大约400年的时间)”结合文章主要讲述开发自动驾驶汽车的问题以及对跑车市场的影响。可知，B选项“自动驾驶汽车：仍有一段路要走”最符合文章标题。故选B。
D
Goldfish may seem like simple creatures swimming in a glass tank, but they possess a rather complicated navigation system, as discovered by researchers at the University of Oxford Led by Dr. Adelaide Sibeaux, the study aims to shed light on our understanding of how fish, and potentially humans, estimate distances using what could be described as an internal GPS.
Writing in the journal Proceedings of the Royal Society B, Sibeaux and colleagues report how they created a tank in their experiment with 2cm-wide black and white vertical stripes (条纹) on the walls, connected by similar stripes across the floor. The team trained nine goldfish to swim a set distance of 70cm and then return to their starting point when waved at. The experiment aimed to investigate how the fish would estimate this distance without any gestures, under different patterns.
Over multiple trials, the goldfish averaged a swim distance of 74cm, give or take 17cm, when presented with the vertical 2cm-wide stripes. However, when the stripe pattern was altered to either narrower vertical stripes, checked patterns, or horizontal stripes, the fish’s behavior changed significantly. Narrower vertical stripes led them to overestimating the distance by 36%, while horizontal stripes resulted in highly inconsistent estimations.
According to the researchers, the goldfish appeared to be using an “optic (光学的) flow mechanism” based on the visual density of their environment. They kept track of how frequently the vertical pattern switched between black and white to estimate how far they had traveled. The study suggests that different optic flow mechanisms are used by mammals, including humans, based on angular (有角度的) motion of visual features. The study implies that the use of visually based distance information could have emerged early in the evolutionary timeline.
“This study is novel because, despite knowing that fish respond to geometric information regarding direction and distance, we don’t know how they estimate distances,” Professor Colin Lever, although not involved in the study, said, “it’s exciting to explore fish spatial mapping because fish navigation evolved earlier and better than most mammals.”
12. Why did Dr. Adelaide Sibeaux conduct the study on goldfish
A. To test the accuracy of goldfish’s internal GPS.
B. To create an advanced navigation system for humans
C. To uncover how an inbuilt GPS helps calculate distances.
D. To explore the relationships between goldfish and humans
13. What can we learn about the experiment
A. People gestured the goldfish throughout the experiment
B. The tank was decorated with colorful background patterns
C. Goldfish tended to underestimate distances with horizontal stripes.
D. The change in the tank setting led to the goldfish's incorrect judgment.
14. It can be concluded from the fourth paragraph that ____________.
A. optic flow mechanism is unique to humans
B. mammals developed flow mechanism long before goldfish
C. goldfish evaluated the distance with multidimensional visual information
D. visual density of the environment strengthened the locating ability of goldfish
15. What attitude does Professor Colin hold towards the study
A. Neutral. B. Ambiguous. C. Disapproving. D. Favorable.
【答案】12. C 13. D 14. C 15. D
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。介绍了牛津大学的研究人员对金鱼内部导航系统的研究发现，研究人员通过实验发现，金鱼似乎使用一种“光学流机制”来估算自身的运动距离，其行为受到视觉密度和环境中的光学纹理等因素的影响。
【12题详解】
细节理解题。根据第一段“Goldfish may seem like simple creatures swimming in a glass tank, but they possess a rather complicated navigation system, as discovered by researchers at the University of Oxford Led by Dr. Adelaide Sibeaux, the study aims to shed light on our understanding of how fish, and potentially humans, estimate distances using what could be described as an internal GPS.(金鱼可能看起来像在玻璃鱼缸里游泳的简单生物，但它们拥有相当复杂的导航系统，正如牛津大学Adelaide Sibeaux博士领导的研究人员所发现的那样，这项研究旨在阐明我们对鱼类以及潜在的人类如何利用一种可以被称为内部GPS的东西来估计距离的理解)”可知，Adelaide Sibeaux对金鱼进行这项研究是为了揭示内置GPS如何帮助计算距离。故选C项。
【13题详解】
推理判断题。根据第三段中“Over multiple trials, the goldfish averaged a swim distance of 74cm, give or take 17cm, when presented with the vertical 2cm-wide stripes. However, when the stripe pattern was altered to either narrower vertical stripes, checked patterns, or horizontal stripes, the fish’s behavior changed significantly. Narrower vertical stripes led them to overestimating the distance by 36%, while horizontal stripes resulted in highly inconsistent estimations.(在多次试验中，当看到垂直的2厘米宽的条纹时，金鱼的平均游泳距离为74厘米，误差为17厘米。然而，当条纹图案被改变为较窄的垂直条纹、格子图案或水平条纹时，鱼的行为发生了显著变化。较窄的垂直条纹导致他们高估了36%的距离，而水平条纹导致高度不一致的估计)”可知，鱼缸设置的改变导致了金鱼的错误判断。故选D项。
【14题详解】
推理判断题。根据第四段“According to the researchers, the goldfish appeared to be using an “optic (光学的) flow mechanism” based on the visual density of their environment. They kept track of how frequently the vertical pattern switched between black and white to estimate how far they had traveled. The study suggests that different optic flow mechanisms are used by mammals, including humans, based on angular (有角度的) motion of visual features. The study implies that the use of visually based distance information could have emerged early in the evolutionary timeline.(根据研究人员的说法，金鱼似乎使用了一种基于环境视觉密度的“光流机制”。他们记录了垂直图案在黑色和白色之间切换的频率，以估计它们走了多远。这项研究表明，包括人类在内的哺乳动物基于视觉特征的角度运动使用了不同的光流机制。这项研究表明，视觉距离信息的使用可能在进化的早期就出现了)”可知，本段可得出结论，金鱼使用多维视觉信息来评估距离。故选C项。
【15题详解】
推理判断题。根据最后一段““This study is novel because, despite knowing that fish respond to geometric information regarding direction and distance, we don’t know how they estimate distances,” Professor Colin Lever, although not involved in the study, said, “it’s exciting to explore fish spatial mapping because fish navigation evolved earlier and better than most mammals.”(“这项研究是新颖的，因为尽管我们知道鱼类对方向和距离的几何信息有反应，但我们不知道它们是如何估计距离的，”科林·利弗教授说，尽管他没有参与这项研究，“探索鱼类的空间映射是令人兴奋的，因为鱼类的导航进化得比大多数哺乳动物更早，也更好。”)”可知，科林教授认为这项研究是令人兴奋的，所以是赞许的。故选D项。
第二节(共5小题;每小题2.5分，满分12.5分)
根据下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
A majority of the people do not read the classics. Their reasons begin with the language being too difficult and end with the storyline to distant to the present context. Love for classics is obviously not at first sight. ___16___ We begin as acquaintances (泛泛之交) and eventually become close friends with private jokes between us. So how does one approach a classic
Don’t be afraid to be confused.
We get it: it’s hard to power through confusion. It doesn’t feel great when a book makes you feel confused. Every reader has to start somewhere. ___17___ Instead, be proud of yourself for trying, and get excited about all the new things you’ll learn.
Research, research, research.
___18___ Researching the author-and the time and place they were writing about-can help you situate yourself during tricky passages. The author’s experience, viewpoint, and historical context might help you make the connections you might not have otherwise.
Just pick the book up.
This step is self-explanatory. While it’s not hard to just pick a book up, we know how difficult it can be to convince yourself to do so. ___19___ Take a deep breath, then leap onto the deck (甲板) of Melville’s Pequod or step cautiously through the gates of Castle Dracula.
Remember: there is no right answer.
There is no perfect way to read a classic text. There is no defining interpretation, no singular, exact answer. Your goal as a reader is to discover what aspects and insights are meaningful to you. Enjoy the process. ___20___ Even if your interpretation of the work isn’t quite perfect, it is still valuable!
A. It is a gradual affair.
B. Allow the book to grow with you.
C. It has some form of historical influence.
D. Before you turn to page one, do some digging.
E. Never beat yourself up for not knowing something.
F. Remind yourself that it’s a new learning opportunity.
G. Consider what confuses you, read with intention, and think critically.
【答案】16. A 17. E 18. D 19. F 20. G
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了如何阅读经典书籍的方法。
【16题详解】
根据上文“Love for classics is obviously not at first sight. (对经典的喜爱显然不是一见钟情)”及下文“We begin as acquaintances (泛泛之交) and eventually become close friends with private jokes between us. (我们开始是熟人，最终因为私下里的笑话而成为亲密的朋友)”可知，对经典的喜爱是一个循序渐进的过程。由此可知，A. It is a gradual affair. (这是一个循序渐进的过程)能够承上启下，符合语境。故选A。
【17题详解】
根据下文“Instead, be proud of yourself for trying, and get excited about all the new things you’ll learn. (相反，你应该为自己的尝试感到自豪，并为你将学到的所有新事物感到兴奋)”可知，此处与下文形成转折关系。由此可知，E. Never beat yourself up for not knowing something. (永远不要因为不知道而责怪自己)能够与下文形成语义的转折，符合语境。故选E。
【18题详解】
根据本段小标题“Research, research, research. (研究，研究，再研究)”可知，本段主要建议要做研究。由此可知，D. Before you turn to page one, do some digging. (在你翻到第一页之前，做一些调查)符合本段主旨，符合语境。故选D。
【19题详解】
根据下文“Take a deep breath, then leap onto the deck (甲板) of Melville’s Pequod or step cautiously through the gates of Castle Dracula. (深吸一口气，然后跳上梅尔维尔的《裴廓德号》的甲板，或者小心翼翼地穿过德古拉城堡的大门)”可知，此处在讲述读书的具体做法。由此可知，F. Remind yourself that it’s a new learning opportunity. (提醒自己这是一个新的学习机会)能够衔接下文，属于真正开始读书前的思想准备工作，符合语境。故选F。
【20题详解】
根据上文“There is no perfect way to read a classic text. There is no defining interpretation, no singular, exact answer. Your goal as a reader is to discover what aspects and insights are meaningful to you. Enjoy the process.(阅读经典文本没有完美的方法。没有明确的解释，没有单一的、精确的答案。作为读者，你的目标是发现哪些方面和见解对你有意义。享受这个过程)”可知，阅读经典文本时，应用进行思考。由此可知，G. Consider what confuses you, read with intention, and think critically. (思考让你困惑的是什么，用心阅读，批判性思考)能够衔接上文，符合语境。故选G。
第三部分 语言运用(共两节，满分30分)
第一节(共15小题;每小题1分，满分15分)
Gang (团伙) tensions were rising at Southwood High School. Some community activists held a(n) ____21____meeting with parents and the principal. A group of the fathers ____22____ decided it was time to make their ____23____ known on campus.
That’s how Dads on Duty was born with its goal - make sure the kids are ____24____. Around 40 men organized into six-person shifts, with two shifts on campus every day. They ____25____ the day after the meeting. These people ____26____ their own schedules and commitments without complaint. Some of them are fathers of kids at the school, while others are not but expect the youth in their community to know they have a(n) ____27____ village behind them.
Now, anyone who wants to enter the school with ____28____ will have to avoid energetic papa bears, big smiles and many dad jokes. It’s hard to be a tough guy when somebody’s uncle has just ____29____ you into checking your shoelaces for countless times, only to find that they are not, in fact, untied.
Since Dads on Duty arrived on campus, gang battles have ____30____ declined. “The school has been ____31____, you can feel it,” said one student. Another told the Washington Post, “They ____32____ all the kids like we’re their own children.”
The dads aren’t meant to ____33____ security guards. If they do see a(n) ____34____ may occur, they get security on the scene as soon as possible. Their presence is meant to be more ____35____ than reactionary.
21.
A. regular B. difficult C. emergency D. scheduled
22.
A. on duty B. in attendance C. at work D. under guard
23.
A. voice B. status C. effort D. presence
24.
A. safe B. hardworking C. healthy D. equal
25.
A. practiced B. started C. gathered D. prepared
26.
A. check B. maintain C. sacrifice D. arrange
27.
A. large B. wild C. entire D. local
28.
A. confusion B. anger C. fright D. shock
29.
A. tricked B. persuaded C. forced D. scared
30.
A. never B. unexpectedly C. further D. dramatically
31.
A. happy B. curious C. cautious D. innovative
32.
A. yell at B. interact with C. make fun of D. look up to
33.
A. change B. post C. replace D. criticize
34.
A. debate B. theft C. fight D. instance.
35.
A. practical B. extraordinary C. temporary D. preventive
【答案】21. C 22. B 23. D 24. A 25. B 26. C 27. C 28. B 29. A 30. D 31. A 32. B 33. C 34. C 35. D
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。本篇讲了在美国的校园里，有一队值班的父亲，号称值班父亲团，他们的出席和在场让校园的帮派现象减少，同时保证孩子们的支持，也为孩子们提供了情感援助。
【21题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：一些社区积极分子与家长和校长召开了紧急会议。A. regular定期的；B. difficult困难的；C. emergency紧急的；D. scheduled按时刻表的。根据前文“Gang (团伙) tensions were rising at Southwood High School.”可知，因为帮派现象愈演愈烈，所以一些社区活跃分子举行了紧急会议。故选C项。
【22题详解】
考查介词短语辨析。句意：一群出席的父亲们决定，是时候在校园里让人们知道他们的存在了。A. on duty值班；B. in attendance出席；C. at work起作用；D. under guard在……看守之下。根据前文“Some community activists held a(n)　　2　　meeting with parents and the principal.”可知，召开了会议，所以应是出席的父亲。故选B项。
【23题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：一群出席的父亲们决定，是时候在校园里让人们知道他们的存在了。A. voice呼声；B. status状态；C. effort努力；D. presence在场。根据后文“known on campus”并结合选项以及前文内容可知，应是让人们知道他们的存在，使校园更加安全。故选D项。
【24题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：这就是Dads on Duty诞生的初衷——确保孩子们的安全。A. safe安全的；B. hardworking努力的；C. healthy健康的；D. equal相等的。根据前文“Gang (团伙) tensions were rising at Southwood High School. Some community activists held a(n)　　1　　meeting with parents and the principal.”可知，因为帮派关系日趋紧张，父亲们才开会，自然是为了保护孩子们的安全。故选A项。
【25题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：他们在会后的第二天就开始了。A. practiced练习；B. started开始；C. gathered聚集；D. prepared做准备。根据前文“Around 40 men organized into six-person shifts, with two shifts on campus every day.”可知，父亲们做好分工，之后就开始。故选B项。
【26题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：这些人会毫无怨言地牺牲自己的时间表和承诺。A. check检查；B. maintain保持；C. sacrifice牺牲；D. arrange安排。根据“without complaint”可知，他们毫无怨言牺牲自己的时间和承诺。故选C项。
【27题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：他们中的一些人是学校孩子的父亲，而另一些人不是，但他们希望他们社区的年轻人知道他们有整个村庄的支持。A. large大的；B. wild野生的；C. entire整个的；D. local本地的。根据前文“expect the youth in their community to know”以及后文“village behind them”并结合选项可知，应是“整个村庄的支持”符合语境。故选C项。
【28题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：现在，任何想带着愤怒进入学校的人都将不得不避开精力充沛的熊爸爸、灿烂的笑容和许多爸爸笑话。A. confusion困惑；B. anger愤怒；C. fright恐惧；D. shock震惊。根据后文“will have to avoid energetic papa bears, big smiles and many dad jokes.”可知，需要避开父亲们的笑容和玩笑，结合选项，应是带着愤怒的人需要避开，因为愤怒和开心相对。故选B项。
【29题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：当别人的叔叔骗你无数次检查你的鞋带，却发现它们实际上并没有解开时，做一个硬汉是很困难的。A. tricked欺骗；B. persuaded说服；C. forced强迫；D. scared惊吓。根据后文“checking your shoelaces for countless times, only to find that they are not, in fact, untied”可知，检查你的鞋带，却发现它们实际上并没有解开，所以应是欺骗你检查。故选A项。
【30题详解】
考查副词词义辨析。句意：自从Dads on Duty进入校园以来，帮派争斗急剧减少。A. never从不；B. unexpectedly意外地；C. further进一步；D. dramatically显著地。根据“Since Dads on Duty arrived on campus”可知，自从爸爸们进入校园，帮派斗争显著减少了。故选D项。
【31题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：“学校很高兴，你能感觉到，”一名学生说。A. happy快乐的；B. curious好奇的；C. cautious小心的；D. innovative创新的。根据前文“It’s hard to be a tough guy”可知，父亲们喜欢和学生开玩笑，作硬汉很难，所以学校充满了快乐。故选A项。
【32题详解】
考查动词短语辨析。句意：另一位告诉《华盛顿邮报》，“他们和所有的孩子互动，就像我们是他们自己的孩子一样。”A. yell at对……大喊大叫；B. interact with与……互动；C. make fun of嘲弄；D. look up to敬仰。根据前文“It’s hard to be a tough guy when somebody’s uncle has just　　9　 you into checking your shoelaces for countless times, only to find that they are not, in fact, untied.”可知，爸爸们和孩子互动，让孩子们很亲切。故选B项。
【33题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：这些爸爸并不是用来取代保安的。A. change改变；B. post发布；C. replace替换；D. criticize批评。根据后文“they get security on the scene as soon as possible.”可知，父亲们会呼叫保安，所以不是来替代他们的。故选C项。
【34题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：如果他们确实看到可能发生打斗，他们会尽快让保安到现场。A. debate辩论；B. theft盗窃；C. fight打架；D. instance例子。根据后文“they get security on the scene as soon as possible.”结合选项，应是看到打斗，才会呼叫保安。故选C项。
【35题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：他们的存在意味着更多的是预防性的而不是反应式的。A. practical实际的；B. extraordinary异乎寻常的；C. temporary临时的；D. preventive预防性的。根据前文“If they do see a(n)　　14　　may occur, they get security on the scene as soon as possible.”可知，看到可能发生打斗就会通知保安，提前预防，而非像保安那样立刻采取反应，所以是预防性的。故选D项。
第二节(共3篇，10小题;每小题1.5分，共15分)
阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容(1个单词)或括号内单词的正确形式。
The Confucian Analects or The Analects (论语) is a collection of the sayings and teachings of Confucius and his disciples (门徒). It ____36____(compile) in the early Warring States Period, over 70 years after the death of Confucius, from the notes that his disciples took according to the answers____37____their questions.
The present-day Analects is based on the Lu version compiled during the Han Dynasty and embodies,____38____Confucian concept of ren or humanity or benevolence. Ren is rich in content, and varied in form.
The core of the concept is “The benevolent love of others” or universal love, ____39____ is the basic virtue of a gentleman of noble character. Confucius believes that being benevolent does not mean ____40____(be)without principles. One should be clear about what____41____(love) or hate. Ren comes from learning and self-cultivation: it can be seen from a person’s appearance. To be sure, li or rites and yue or music are important. ____42____, ren is the No. 1 principle of being a decent man. It is actually the essence of li and yue. Without ren, li or yue would be____43____(meaning).
Apart from ren, Confucius put forward another concept, which is yi or righteousness. Yi is the codes of conduct under the ____44____(guide) of ren. “The virtuous man cherishes a respect for the law,_____45_____the vile (邪恶的) man cherishes generous treatment. ”
【答案】36. was compiled
37. to 38. the
39. which 40. being
41. to love
42. However/Yet
43. meaningless
44. guidance
45. while
【解析】
【导语】本文是说明文。文章介绍了《论语》的核心理念。
【36题详解】
考查时态语态。句意：它是在战国早期，孔子死后70多年，他的弟子根据他们的问题的答案所做的笔记汇编而成的。It指代上文提到的“The Analects”，与谓语动词compile是被动关系，讲述过去发生的事情用一般过去时，且主语是第三人称单数，谓语动词用单数，故填was compiled。
【37题详解】
考查介词。句意同上。answer to…“……的答案”是固定用法，故填to。
【38题详解】
考查冠词。句意：今天的《论语》是根据汉代编纂的鲁本改编而成，体现了儒家的仁或人性或仁慈的概念。此处特指“儒家的“仁”或“人性”或“仁慈”的概念”，用定冠词修饰，故填the。
【39题详解】
考查定语从句。句意：这一理念的核心是“仁者见仁”或“博爱”，这是高尚君子的基本美德。分析句子可知，空处引导非限制性定语从句，指代整个主句，从句中作主语，用关系代词which引导非限制性定语从句，故填which。
【40题详解】
考查非谓语动词。句意：孔子认为，仁不等于无原则。mean doing sth.“意味着做某事”，用动名词作宾语，故填being。being。
【41题详解】
考查不定式。句意：一个人应该清楚地知道爱什么或恨什么。分析句子可知此处为“疑问词+不定式”作介词about的宾语，故填to love。
【42题详解】
考查副词。句意：当然礼和乐是很重要的。然而，仁是做人的第一原则。前后文是转折关系，有逗号和主句隔开用副词however或者yet。故填However/Yet。
【43题详解】
考查形容词。句意：没有“仁”，“礼”或“乐”就没有意义了。Be动词后接形容词作表语，根据句意，故填meaningless。
【44题详解】
考查名词。句意：“礼”是“仁”指导下的行为准则。空处填名词作介词under的宾语，guidance“行为准则”，不可数名词，故填guidance。
【45题详解】
考查连词。句意：有德的人看重律法，然而恶人看重厚待。分析句子可知，空处需填连词while，表示对比，故填while。
第四部分 写作(共两节，满分40分)
第一节(满分15分)
46. 你校正在为即将举行的国际交流生研学活动布置校园文化宣传栏，请你为其中的“书香校园(scholarly school)”版块写一篇英文介绍词，内容包括:
1.内涵意义:
2.具体实践。
注意:
1.写作词数应为80左右;
2.请按如下格式在答题纸的相应位置作答。
Scholarly School
______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
【答案】Possible version:
Scholarly school is where students are motivated to read extensively, explore new ideas and develop critical thinking. It creates an atmosphere fostering interest in reading and promoting academic excellence.
Our school offers various resources, including libraries, lecture halls and specialized workshops. Students benefit from a series of interactive activities, like reading salons, book clubs, and quiz competitions. Additionally, it is worth mentioning that distinguished experts are invited to offer guidance on effective reading and satisfy students’ learning needs. All these practices equip students with rich knowledge and prepare them for a bright future.
【解析】
【导语】本书面表达属于应用文写作。要求为校园文化宣传栏的“书香校园”版块写一篇介绍词。
【详解】1.词汇积累
激励：motivate→inspire
多种多样的：various→diverse
此外：additionally→ what’s more
有前途的：bright→promising
2.句式拓展
简单句变复合句
原句：It creates an atmosphere fostering interest in reading and promoting academic excellence.
拓展句：It creates an atmosphere which can foster interest in reading and promote academic excellence.
【点睛】【高分句型1】Scholarly school is where students are motivated to read extensively, explore new ideas and develop critical thinking.（运用了where引导表语从句）
【高分句型2】Additionally, it is worth mentioning that distinguished experts are invited to offer guidance on effective reading and satisfy students’ learning needs.（运用了it作形式主语，that引导主语从句）
第二节(满分25分)
47. 阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。
In the spring sun, my aunt and I headed for her flower shop. Normally I would be delighted to help in her shop, but not recently because of Rosa. Rosa was my sister, just one month old, who was settled in my old bedroom. For ten years, the small room was full of my toys and books. But now it was transformed into her baby room, decorated like a garden with pinks and yellows. My space, my old life, was gone.
“Here we are!” We arrived at the shop, a wave of colour and sweet smell washing over me. My aunt said I could pick some flowers for Mum and Dad. I used to love this, but today I was so overcome with tiredness and envy. Why bother to bring them flowers when they were enjoying Rosa at home without me
Silently I helped my aunt arrange flowers. “Your mum told me there hasn’t been much shut eye recently for any of you.” “Not much, since Rosa the alarm clock was installed (安装).” I complained with a huge yawn (哈欠).
“I remember having to creep (蹑手蹑脚地走) around like a worn-out mouse when your mum was a baby. I spent the first months hating her so much.” “But you and Mum seem so close,” I said, guiltily hiding away my envy of Rosa.
“Now we are. But it took me years to grow into the role of big sister. Few flowers blossom (绽放) overnight, you know.” She pulled me in for aside hug, glancing up at the clock, and suggested I take a walk outside.
Behind her shop was a field dotted with spring flowers. Stepping into the field, I began to pick little flowers. It was like gathering my childhood memories. I remembered how I’d sit with Dad, making flower chains, crowning (授予) each other with the silliest titles: Queen of Junk Food and King of Mess. My smile grew wider. The shining yellow flowers reminded me of the color in Rosa’s baby room. Was she awake I wondered.
注意：
1.续写词数应为150左右；
2.请按如下格式在答题卷的相应位置作答。
Suddenly I saw two familiar figures walking towards me.
_______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Rosa was wide awake in her baby basket beside the picnic blanket.
_______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
【答案】Suddenly I saw two familiar figures walking towards me. “Look who’s here!” my dad exclaimed with a smile, holding Rosa with a baby basket. The yellow flowers in my hand seemed to glow even brighter as I gazed at the beautiful little girl. I couldn’t help recalling what my aunt told me. I knew that it would take time for me to adjust to sharing my parents’ attention and my old room, but I was determined to be the best big sister I could be. Then I carefully arranged the yellow flowers into a small bouquet and handed it to my mom with a smile. “These are for you and Dad, and also for Rosa,” I said, feeling a warmth in my chest that had been missing earlier.
Rosa was wide awake in her baby basket beside the picnic blanket. Her big blue eyes were open, taking in the world around her. As I watched my little sister, I couldn’t help but feel a sense of wonder and amazement at how perfect she was. I gently picked her up and held her close, feeling her warmth and breathing in the sweet scent of her hair. I knew that from now on, my life would never be the same. I would no longer be the center of attention, and I would have to share my parents with this beautiful little creature. But as I looked into Rosa’s eyes, I knew that it was all worth it. She was my family, and I loved her more than anything in the world.
【解析】
【导语】本文以人物为线索展开，讲述了作者和姑姑去她的花店里帮忙，因为有了一个小妹妹，她那间装满玩具和书的小房子被改造成了妹妹的婴儿房，她感到自己的空间，自己过去的生活，都消失了，为此她很沮丧，后来在姑姑的引导下，逐渐释怀的故事。
【详解】1.段落续写：
①由第一段首句内容“突然，我看见两个熟悉的身影向我走来。”可知，第一段可描写作者的父母带着她的妹妹来找她及她的思想变化。
②由第二段首句内容“罗莎在野餐毯旁边的婴儿筐里完全醒着。”可知，第二段可描写作者的妹妹罗莎的可爱样子及作者的感悟。
2.续写线索：父母来找作者——作者看着可爱的妹妹，想起姑姑的话——作者的思想变化，要做一个好姐姐——给父母送花——看着可爱的妹妹——思想认识上再次得到提升
3.词汇激活（一个词汇要写出相近的表达）
行为类
①望着：gaze at/look at
②适应：adjust/adapt
③抱起：pick up/take up
情绪类
①惊奇：wonder/ surprise
②爱：love/like
【点睛】[高分句型1] The yellow flowers in my hand seemed to glow even brighter as I gazed at the beautiful little girl. (运用了as引导的时间状语从句)
[高分句型2] “These are for you and Dad, and also for Rosa,” I said, feeling a warmth in my chest that had been missing earlier. (运用了现在分词作状语)
[高分句型3] I knew that from now on, my life would never be the same. (运用了that引导的宾语从句)
听力答案：1-20 ACABC CBABA CCACB BACBA

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