高中试卷答案网2023—2024学年海南省高考全真模拟卷(四)
英语
1. 本试卷满分150分，测试时间120分钟，共8页。
2. 考查范围：高考全部内容。
第一部分 听力(共两节，满分30分)
第一节(共5小题;每小题1.5分，满分7.5分)
听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。
例：How much is the shirt
A. 19.15. B. 9.18. C. 9.15.
答案是C。
1. What does the woman want to do
A. See a movie. B. Buy a ticket. C. Get her money back.
2. When will the man arrive at the airport
A. At 1:30. B. At 2:30. C. At 3:30.
3. What does the man do probably
A. He is a player. B. He is a journalist. C. He is a viewer.
4. What are the speakers talking about
A. A tiger in the zoo. B. A story book. C. A tourist attraction.
5. Where does the conversation most probably take place
A. At home. B. At a hospital. C. At a hotel.
第二节(共15小题;每小题1.5分，满分22.5分)
听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟;听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。
听第6段材料，回答第6、7题。
6. Why does the woman call James
A. To pay her bill.
B. To discuss the service.
C. To confirm her monthly charge.
7. How much should a person pay for the late payment for two months
A. $40. B. $20. C. $10.
听第7段材料，回答第8、9题。
8. What do we know about the cafe
A. It is beautiful.
B. It used to have a different name.
C. It was built in 2005.
9. What can be known about the man speaker
A. He still works at the cafe.
B. He prefers drinking tea to coffee.
C. He had a close relationship with Eddie
听第8段材料，回答第10至12题。
10. How do the two speakers feel about the picnic place
A. Disappointed. B. Satisfied. C. Curious.
11. Who is Daniel probably
A. The speakers’ son. B. The speakers’ pet dog. C. The speakers’ friend.
12. What does the man want the picnic to be
A. Just a break. B. Another way to work. C. A chance to learn.
听第9段材料，回答第13至16题。
13. Where is Lucy’s mother from
A. China. B. The US. C. The UK.
14. What does Lucy want to do this summer
A. Learn about Chinese culture.
B. Look after her grandmother.
C. Relax herself on her uncle’s farm.
15. When will Lucy go to Beijing
A. In the summer. B. In the winter. C. In the fall.
16. Who does the man plan to go to London with
A. His friends. B. His mother. C. His grandmother.
听第10段材料，回答第17至20题
17. How many languages are there in the world now
A. Around 7,000. B. Around 3,500. C. Around 2,000.
18. What may happen by next century
A. Children will stop learning any new languages.
B. Everyone will start speaking the same language.
C. About half of the world’s existing languages will disappear.
19. Why are people creating “Talking dictionaries” of dying languages
A. To record what the languages really sound like.
B. To teach the languages to people from other cultures.
C. To help promote communication among people.
20. What does the speaker think of rare languages
A. They are precious and worth protecting.
B. They are dying out because of technology.
C. They are not meant to be passed down to children.
第二部分 阅读(共两节，满分50分)
第一节(共15小题;每小题2.5分，满分37.5分)
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A, BC、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。
A
Kaibab National Forest
The vast majority of areas and activities in the Kaibab National Forest are free to enjoy by the public. However, there are some fees for recreational (娱乐的) sites and activities such as campgrounds, cabin rentals and recreational vehicle facilities.
Annual Pass
It covers the pass owner and three accompanying adults at sites where per person entrance fees are charged. Good for one year from the month of purchase. $80 for one year.
Senior Pass
You must be 62 years of age or older to purchase. Passes are $20 for one year or $80 for a lifetime. An Interagency (跨部门的) Annual Pass can be used on many different federal lands across the nation.
Volunteer Pass
It is awarded to those individuals who volunteer 250 hours at one or more recreational sites managed by 5 federal agencies as a way to say “thank you”! The Volunteer Pass is valid (有效的) for 12 months from the month of issuance.
4th Graders
This free pass is available to 4th Graders, 4th Grade Teachers, home school and free-choice learners 10 years of age. Good from Sept. to Aug. of your 4th Grade school year.
Access Pass
People who are living with disabilities can request this $10 lifetime pass. It can be used at many different federal lands across the nation.
For detailed information on fees associated with any Kaibab National Forest recreational site or activity, please visit its website and locate the specific site or activity of interest.
1. How many people does an Annual Pass admit into Kaibab National Forest at most
A. 1. B. 2. C. 3. D. 4.
2. What can we know about the Volunteer Pass
A. It’s free for old people. B. It shows respect for labor.
C It can be used for a lifetime. D. It’s given as a reward to 4th Graders.
3. Which pass favors the disabled
A. Annual Pass. B. Senior Pass. C. Access Pass. D. 4th Graders.
【答案】1. D 2. B 3. C
【解析】
【导语】这是一则广告，主要介绍了凯巴布国家森林娱乐场所和活动的费用情况。
【1题详解】
细节理解题。根据Annual Pass的“It covers the pass owner and three accompanying adults. (它包括了通行证持有人和三个陪同的成人。)”可知，年票最多允许4人进入凯巴布国家森林，故选D。
【2题详解】
推理判断题。根据Volunteer Pass的“It is awarded to those individuals who volunteer 250 hours at one or more recreational sites managed by 5 federal agencies as a way to say “thank you”! (它是颁发给那些自愿在5个联邦机构管理的一个或多个娱乐场所工作250小时的人，作为对你说“谢谢”的一种方式!) ”可知，志愿者通行证是颁发给自愿做出服务的人的，这体现了对劳动的尊重，故选B。
【3题详解】
细节理解题。根据Access Pass的“People who are living with disabilities can request this $10 lifetime pass. (残疾人可以申请这张10美元的终身通行证。)”可知，Access Pass特别支持残疾人参观国家森林，故选C。
B
The 2023 Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine has been awarded to Katalin Karikó and Drew Weissman for their work on mRNA vaccines (疫苗), a crucial tool in holding back the spread of COVID-19.
Karikó,68, is from Hungary. In the 1970s, she began studying a new area of research: messenger RNA (mRNA). mRNA is a special molecule (分子) which carries instructions that tell cells what proteins to make. Proteins are one of the building blocks of life. They’re involved in almost every process in living things, from fighting diseases to building muscles to helping our bodies work. Karikó was excited about the idea that mRNA could be used to help the body fight many different diseases.
In 1985, Karikó moved to America to continue her research. In 1989, she joined the University of Pennsylvania (UPenn) in Philadelphia as a scientist. But as time went on, the initial excitement surrounding mRNA research started to disappear, and other scientists thought it was too financially risky to fund. Karikó had trouble getting money for her research. She even got a pay cut from the school. What’s worse, at this time, she suffered from cancer. But she stuck at it.
Karikó got to know another UPenn scientist, Drew Weissman in the late 1990s while photocopying research papers. He was hoping to find a way to create a vaccine for a disease known as HIV. The two began talking and soon decided to work together.
One of the biggest problems in using mRNA as a medicine was that the human body saw mRNA as an enemy and fought it off. Together, they came up with an approach to treating mRNA．In 2005, they published their key discovery: mRNA could be changed and delivered effectively into the body to activate (激活) the body’s protective immune system. Thanks to their work, companies were able to develop mRNA vaccines far more quickly than ever before, which have saved millions of lives around the world.
4. What does paragraph 2 mainly talk about regarding mRNA
A. Its reflections on health. B. Its main components.
C. Its threats to proteins. D. Its research values.
5. What can we learn about Weissman according to the text
A. He met Karikó by accident. B. He applied mRNA to HIV.
C. He invited Karikó to UPenn. D. He helped discover mRNA.
6. What is Karikó and Weissman’s scientific breakthrough
A. Their idea on how to recognize COVID-19 fast.
B. Their method of testing the mRNA vaccines’ effect.
C. Their way to make the human body accept mRNA.
D. Their experiment of activating the immune system.
7. What can we learn from Karikó’s story
A. We should pursue excellence in our careers.
B. Creativity results from challenging authority.
C. Scientists’ work follows technological trends.
D. Success comes from a lasting desire to explore.
【答案】4. D 5. A 6. C 7. D
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。2023诺贝尔生理或医学奖揭晓——两位mRNA领域先驱卡里科和魏斯曼获奖。本文主要介绍了卡里科的研究历程。
【4题详解】
主旨大意题。根据第二段中的“mRNA is a special molecule (分子) which carries instructions that tell cells what proteins to make. Proteins are one of the building blocks of life. They’re involved in almost every process in living things, from fighting diseases to building muscles to helping our bodies work. Karikó was excited about the idea that mRNA could be used to help the body fight many different diseases. (mRNA是一种特殊的分子，它携带指令，告诉细胞要制造什么蛋白质。蛋白质是生命的组成部分之一。它们几乎参与了生物的每一个过程，从对抗疾病到锻炼肌肉，再到帮助我们的身体工作。卡里科对mRNA可以用来帮助身体对抗许多不同疾病的想法感到兴奋。)”可知，关于mRNA，第2段主要谈到了其研究价值。故选D。
【5题详解】
细节理解题。根据第四段中的“Karikó got to know another UPenn scientist, Drew Weissman in the late 1990s while photocopying research papers. (卡里科在20世纪90年代末复印研究论文时认识了另一位宾夕法尼亚大学科学家德鲁·魏斯曼。)”可知，Karikó遇到魏斯曼很偶然。故选A。
【6题详解】
细节理解题。根据最后一段中的“One of the biggest problems in using mRNA as a medicine was that the human body saw mRNA as an enemy and fought it off. Together, they came up with an approach to treating mRNA．In 2005, they published their key discovery: mRNA could be changed and delivered effectively into the body to activate (激活) the body’s protective immune system. (使用mRNA作为药物的最大问题之一是，人体将mRNA视为敌人并将其击退。他们共同提出了一种处理mRNA的方法。2005年，他们发表了他们的关键发现：mRNA可以被改变并有效地输送到体内，以激活人体的保护性免疫系统。)”可知，这两位科学家的科学突破在于他们通过降低mRNA免疫原性使得人体接受mRNA。故选C。
【7题详解】
推理判断题。通读全文，尤其是文章第三段中的“Karikó had trouble getting money for her research. She even got a pay cut from the school. What’s worse, at this time, she suffered from cancer. But she stuck at it. (卡里科很难为她的研究筹集资金。她甚至得到了学校的减薪。更糟糕的是，在这个时候，她患上了癌症。但她坚持了下来。)”可知，从卡里科的故事中我们能学到：成功源于持久的探索欲望。故选D。
C
The “biggest mistake” in workplace communication—and the hardest one to recover from—is sending emotional emails, says Brandon Smith, who is known as the Workplace Therapist (治疗师). “It’s a really, really hard skill to master—most people don’t correct it until their 30s or 40s—but you should never send an email when you’re feeling extremely emotional,” says Smith. “People treat emails or other online communication like a casual (随意) conversation you’re having in the hallway, but it’s not.” Instead, you should“email like it could one day be read aloud in court,” he adds.
Next time you get an email or online message that makes you feel angry, anxious or even pleased, what should you do You can write a draft, and then wait 24 hours. This approach satiates the immediate need to blow off emotional steam and express your emotions without hurting your reputation at work. “When you have a strong emotional reaction to something, those emotions will unavoidably come through in whatever message you’re typing,” says Smith. “It’s so much easier to make an issue worse than solve one over email.”
When you make a reply, re-read your draft as if you were the recipient: Is the message confusing Are there any details that could be misinterpreted, or that sound emotional If you’re still not confident in your response, Smith recommends asking a co-worker to read it over, as a second opinion can help you identify areas of improvement.
If something requires a more immediate response, ask the other person if you can continue the conversation offline. Phone calls play a more important role in building emotional connection. Voice-based communication (such as phone calls) create s stronger bonds than text-based communication (such as emails). Or, as Smith explains, “You’ll be less willing to be rude to the other person when you’re in conversation with them, or listening to their voice on the end of the line than you would be over text.”
8. What does Smith think of sending an email
A. It should be considered seriously. B. It’s an unavoidable workplace behavior.
C. It’s a kind of a casual conversation. D. It should be used to convey our emotions.
9. What does the underlined word “satiates” in paragraph 2 mean
A. Emphasizes. B. Satisfies. C. Controls. D. Generates.
10. Which statement does the author probably agree with
A. Links among people are based on words. B. Voice-based communication is advisable.
C. Phone calls are gradually losing their appeal. D. It’s more effective to communicate online.
11. What is the text mainly about
A. Ways of avoiding emotional texts. B. Common workplace survival skills.
C. Different forms of communication. D. Constant conflicts between people.
【答案】8 A 9. B 10. B 11. A
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要说明了“职场治疗师”的布兰登·史密斯认为发电子邮件应该认真考虑，说明了其中的弊端，并对发电子邮件提出了一些建议。
【8题详解】
细节理解题。根据第一段““It’s a really, really hard skill to master—most people don’t correct it until their 30s or 40s—but you should never send an email when you’re feeling extremely emotional,” says Smith. “People treat emails or other online communication like a casual (随意的) conversation you’re having in the hallway, but it’s not.”(史密斯说：“这是一项非常非常难掌握的技能——大多数人直到30多岁或40多岁才会纠正这一点——但你永远不要在情绪非常激动的时候发电子邮件。人们把电子邮件或其他在线交流视为你在走廊里进行的随意对话，但事实并非如此。”)”可知，史密斯认为发电子邮件应该认真考虑。故选A。
【9题详解】
词句猜测题。根据划线词上文“Next time you get an email or online message that makes you feel angry, anxious or even pleased, what should you do You can write a draft, and then wait 24 hours.(下次当你收到一封让你生气、焦虑甚至高兴的电子邮件或网络信息时，你应该怎么做？你可以写个草稿，然后等上24小时)”以及后文“the immediate need to blow off emotional steam and express your emotions without hurting your reputation at work”可知，上文建议下次收到让自己情绪激动的电子邮件或网络信息时，可以写个草稿，然后等上24小时，这个方法可以满足了发泄情绪和表达情绪的迫切需要，同时又不会损害你在工作中的声誉。故划线词意思是“满足”。故选B。
【10题详解】
推理判断题。根据最后一段“Voice-based communication (such as phone calls) create s stronger bonds than text-based communication (such as emails).(基于语音的交流（比如电话）比基于文本的交流（比如电子邮件）建立更牢固的联系)”可推知，作者会认同语音交流是可取的。故选B。
【11题详解】
主旨大意题。根据第一段“The “biggest mistake” in workplace communication—and the hardest one to recover from—is sending emotional emails, says Brandon Smith, who is known as the Workplace Therapist (治疗师).(被称为“职场治疗师”的布兰登·史密斯说，职场沟通中“最大的错误”，也是最难纠正的错误，就是发送情感邮件)”结合文章主要说明了“职场治疗师”的布兰登·史密斯认为发电子邮件应该认真考虑，说明了其中的弊端，并对发电子邮件提出了一些建议。可知，这篇文章的主要内容是常见的职场生存技巧。故选A。
D
A recent breakthrough in battery technology could affect the electric vehicle (EV).
Right now it can take up to 10 hours to fully charge an EV. There has long been a debate about the best times to charge an electric vehicle because of the amount of time it takes. In recent years, manufacturers are racing to create options that cut this process down greatly. The team, led by Professor Won Bae Kim of Pohang University of Science and Technology in South Korea, is developing a new anode (阳极) material that can charge an electric vehicle very quickly.
The anode materials are known for their exceptional lithium-ion (锂离子) storage capacity. By enlarging the surface area of the anode materials, scientists enabled a large number of lithium-ions to move at the same time, resulting in significantly-improved charging speed. Experimental result s demonstrated that a battery with a capacity that equals those used in current EVs can be fully charged in just six minutes.
The research holds the potential to significantly increase the energy density of lithium-ion batteries through the incorporation (合并) of high-capacity anode materials, thereby extending the driving range of electric vehicles. Anode materials could potentially increase the driving range at least by ten times.
The development holds great promise for the future of electric vehicles, making them more efficient for everyday use. With faster charging times, the barrier to adopting electric vehicles could be significantly reduced, paving the way for a greener and more sustainable transportation system. This groundbreaking research opens doors to further advancements in battery technology and marks a significant step forward in the journey toward a cleaner, electric-powered future. With continued innovation and investment in sustainable energy solutions, we are one step
12. What does the author want to explain by mentioning the debate
A. The risk of producing EVs. B. The reason for giving up an EV.
C. The necessity of the team’s research. D. The difficulty of making anode materials.
13. What did Won Bae Kim’s team find
A. Lithium-ions have great storage capacity.
B. EVs can go 10 times faster than they do now.
C Anode materials’ surface area affects charging speed.
D. EVs’ driving range isn’t necessarily decided by batteries.
14. What is the author’s attitude towards the future development of EVs
A. Worried. B. Positive. C. Doubtful. D. Uncertain.
15. What’s the best title for the text
A. EV Charging: A Matter of Minutes B. EV Industry: Environmental Booster
C. Lithium-ion Batteries: EV Innovation D. Anode Materials: Core EV Technology
【答案】12. C 13. C 14. B 15. A
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。主要介绍了正在开发的可以非常快速地为电动汽车充电的一种新的阳极材料。
【12题详解】
细节理解题。根据文章第二段“There has long been a debate about the best times to charge an electric vehicle because of the amount of time it takes. In recent years, manufacturers are racing to create options that cut this process down greatly. The team, led by Professor Won Bae Kim of Pohang University of Science and Technology in South Korea, is developing a new anode (阳极) material that can charge an electric vehicle very quickly.( 长期以来，关于电动汽车充电的最佳时间一直存在争议，因为充电需要花费大量时间。近年来，制造商们竞相创造出大大减少这一过程的选择。该团队由韩国浦项科技大学的金元培教授领导，正在开发一种新的阳极材料，可以非常快速地为电动汽车充电。)”可知，因为充电需要花费大量时间，所以电动汽车充电的最佳时间一直存在争议，团队研究非常快速地为电动汽车充电的材料是非常的有必要的。故选C。
【13题详解】
推理判断题。根据文章第三段“The anode materials are known for their exceptional lithium-ion (锂离子) storage capacity. By enlarging the surface area of the anode materials, scientists enabled a large number of lithium-ions to move at the same time, resulting in significantly-improved charging speed.(阳极材料以其优异的锂离子存储能力而闻名。通过扩大阳极材料的表面积，科学家们使大量锂离子同时移动，从而显著提高了充电速度。)”可知，阳极材料的表面积影响充电速度。故选C。
【14题详解】
推理判断题。根据文章最后一段“The development holds great promise for the future of electric vehicles, making them more efficient for everyday use.(这一发展为电动汽车的未来带来了巨大的希望，使它们在日常使用中更加高效。)”可知，作者对电动汽车的未来发展持积极的态度。故选B。
【15题详解】
主旨大意题。根据文章第二段“The team, led by Professor Won Bae Kim of Pohang University of Science and Technology in South Korea, is developing a new anode (阳极) material that can charge an electric vehicle very quickly.(该团队由韩国浦项科技大学的金元培教授领导，正在开发一种新的阳极材料，可以非常快速地为电动汽车充电)”以及全文可知，文章主要讲述的是非常快速地为电动汽车充电一种新的阳极材料。A项：EV Charging: A Matter of Minutes(电动汽车充电：几分钟的事)概括文章的主旨。故选A。
第二节(共5小题;每小题2.5分，满分12.5分)
阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
According to the research published by Ofcom, most people in the UK are dependent on their digital devices and apparently need constant access to the Internet.
The smartphone slowly caught on in the UK in 2008. ____16____. More than ten years later, the figure reached 78%, with 95% of users aged 16—24. The smartphone is now a vital part of most people’s daily lives. It is the device that people say they would miss the most.
People now expect constant Internet access wherever they are, with 64% of adults saying that it is an essential part of their lives. Over the past years, access to the Internet has improved. ____17____. For example, while there are now more mobile phones in the UK than people, the number of actual calls from them has fallen as messaging apps such as WhatsApp and WeChat increase in popularity.
____18____. Smartphone users in the UK now check their devices, on average, every 12 minutes, which directly affects their work efficiency. 65% of adults under the age of 35 look at their phones within 5 minutes of waking up, which can make them unwilling to get out of bed. ____19____. They admitted that the use of connected devices interrupts face-to-face conversations with friends and family. They also admit to looking at their phones while they are watching TV with other people.
So how much time should we spend online ____20____, since a large percentage of people use the Internet in their jobs.
A. That’s not a question that can be easily answered
B. 17 percent of the population owned one by the end of that year
C. They mentioned smartphones’ increasing effect on our lives too
D. As a result, the way we communicate with each other has changed
E. The research has focused on how technology has changed our lives
F. However, there are negative effects of being online for many people
G. More than half of those questioned talked about some phenomena in life
【答案】16. B 17. D 18. F 19. G 20. A
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要讲述了手机的普及给英国民众生活和工作带来的影响。
【16题详解】
根据前文的“The smartphone slowly caught on in the UK in 2008. (2008年，智能手机在英国慢慢流行起来。)”和后文的“More than ten years later, the figure reached 78%, with 95% of users aged 16—24. The smartphone is now a vital part of most people’s daily lives. (十多年后，这一数字达到78%，其中95%的用户年龄在16-24岁之间。智能手机现在是大多数人日常生活的重要组成部分。)”可知，B项(到当年年底，17%的人口拥有了一部手机。)承接上文，说明了随着时间的推移手机保有量越来越多，下文继续说明手机保有量的增加。故选B项。
【17题详解】
根据前文的“Over the past years, access to the Internet has improved. (在过去的几年里，互联网的使用得到了改善。)”和后文的“For example, while there are now more mobile phones in the UK than people, the number of actual calls from them has fallen as messaging apps such as WhatsApp and WeChat increase in popularity.(例如，虽然现在英国的手机数量比人口还多，但随着WhatsApp和微信等即时通讯应用的普及，手机的实际通话数量有所下降。)”可知，D项(结果，我们彼此沟通的方式发生了变化。)承接上文，说明了互联网使用得到改善带来的结果，后文通过举例子具体说明了有哪些变化。故选D项。
【18题详解】
根据前文的“For example, while there are now more mobile phones in the UK than people, the number of actual calls from them has fallen as messaging apps such as WhatsApp and WeChat increase in popularity.(例如，虽然现在英国的手机数量比人口还多，但随着WhatsApp和微信等即时通讯应用的普及，手机的实际通话数量有所下降。)”和后文的“Smartphone users in the UK now check their devices, on average, every 12 minutes, which directly affects their work efficiency.(英国的智能手机用户现在平均每12分钟查看一次设备，这直接影响了他们的工作效率。)”可知，F项(然而，对许多人来说，上网也有负面影响。)与前文的“互联网带来的积极变化”在逻辑上构成转折关系，又引出下文的“负面影响”。故选F项。
【19题详解】
根据前文的“Smartphone users in the UK now check their devices, on average, every 12 minutes, which directly affects their work efficiency. 65% of adults under the age of 35 look at their phones within 5 minutes of waking up, which can make them unwilling to get out of bed. (英国的智能手机用户现在平均每12分钟查看一次设备，这直接影响了他们的工作效率。在35岁以下的成年人中，65%的人会在起床后5分钟内看手机，这让他们不愿起床。)”和后文的“They admitted that the use of connected devices interrupts face-to-face conversations with friends and family. They also admit to looking at their phones while they are watching TV with other people.(他们承认，使用联网设备会打断与朋友和家人的面对面交谈。他们也承认会在和别人看电视的时候看手机。)”可知，G项(超过一半的受访者谈到了生活中的一些现象。)承接上文，与前文的“手机对工作的负面影响”相呼应，又引出下文的“对生活的负面影响”。故选G项。
【20题详解】
根据前文的“So how much time should we spend online (那么我们应该在网上花多少时间呢 )”和后文的“since a large percentage of people use the Internet in their jobs(因为很大一部分人在工作中使用互联网。)”可知，A项(这不是一个容易回答的问题。)承接上文，说明合理的上网时间是很难确定的，下文说明了难以回答的原因。故选A项。
第三部分 语言运用(共两节，满分30分)
第一节(共15小题;每小题1分，满分15分)
阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
In March 1975, my mother brought my younger sister Cissy and me back to our hometown.
Cissy and I were ____21____ to moving. We had moved 23 times before I was 18. Altogether I ____22____ 19 schools. But at 13 and 11 years of age, we were ____23____ being the new kids in school.
Staying in a motel (汽车旅馆) for weeks, we ____24____ found a two-bedroom home for $80 a month, which was in the landlords (房东), Mr and Mrs Hendrix’s back yard. It was ____25____, but Cissy and I thought it was a palace. ____26____, in October my mother lost her job. November’s ____27____ went unpaid, so did December’s. Cissy and I knew we’d soon move ____28____.
On Christmas Day, Mrs Hendrix knocked on the front door. Mom was out, so I ____29____ it. I’d received eviction (驱逐) notices before, so I knew what to ____30____. Mrs Hendrix held out a ____31____ to me, smiling as she said,“I thought you girls might enjoy some bread. I bake it every Christmas.” Unprepared for such ____32____,I managed a “Thanks”. Closing the door, we ____33____ the box. There were bread, candy, and new socks and gloves for us three. No eviction notice!
We lived over five years in our twenty-fourth home. The Hendrixes gave Cissy and me something we had never known in our ____34____ lives: the comfort of belonging, and ____35____.
21. A. used B. devoted C. attached D. opposed
22. A. considered B. attended C. missed D. recommended
23. A. patient with B. grateful for C. uncertain about D. tired of
24. A. finally B. hardly C. gradually D. easily
25. A. dirty B. modern C. small D. quiet
26. A. However B. Otherwise C. Besides D. Therefore
27. A. insurance B. damages C. debts D. rent
28. A. instead B. still C. again D. sometimes
29. A. repaired B. answered C. interrupted D. ignored
30. A. decide B. ask C. save D. expect
31. A. notice B. box C. bag D. key
32. A. honesty B. wisdom C. courage D. generosity
33. A. packed up B. dug through C. focused on D. took over
34. A. happy B. new C. young D. special
35. A. stability B. reputation C. fortune D. justice
【答案】21. A 22. B 23. D 24. A 25. C 26. A 27. D 28. C 29. B 30. D 31. B 32. D 33. B 34. C 35. A
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了作者和妹妹在生活中不断搬家，然后在他们第24个家中遇到了Hendrix夫妇，他们给了作者一家归属感和稳定感的故事。
【21题详解】
考查动词短语辨析。句意：对于搬家，Cissy和我已经习惯了。各个选项构成的短语A. be used to 习惯于；B. be devoted to 专注于；C. be attached to 附着于；D. be opposed to 反对。根据“We had moved 23 times before I was 18. ”可知，在“我”18岁之前，“我们”已经搬了23次家，因此Cissy和“我”已经习惯了搬家。故选A项。
【22题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：总共我上过19所学校。A. considered 考虑；B. attended 参加，上学；C. missed 错过；D. recommended 推荐。根据“We had moved 23 times before I was 18. ”可知，在“我”18岁之前，“我们”已经搬了23次家，这就涉及到上学的事情，attend school：上学。故选B项。
【23题详解】
考查形容词短语辨析。句意：但是在13和11岁时，我们对成为新生很有抵触情绪。A. patient with 对……有耐心；B. grateful for 感恩……；C. uncertain about 对……不确定；D. tired of 厌烦……。根据“ Altogether I...19 schools. ”及but表示转折可知，“我们”对来到新学校成为学生感到厌烦。故选D项。
【24题详解】
考查副词词义辨析。句意：在汽车旅馆住了几个星期后，我们终于找到了一个每月80美元的两居室，就在房东Hendrix夫妇的后院里。A. finally 最终；B. hardly 几乎不；C. gradually 逐渐地；D. easily 容易地。根据“Staying in a motel for weeks”可知，“我们”在汽车旅馆住的几个星期内一直在寻找住房，最终找到了。故选A项。
【25题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：虽然很小，但是Cissy和我觉得它是个宫殿。A. dirty 脏的；B. modern 现代的；C. small 小的；D. quiet 安静的。根据“Cissy and I thought it was a palace”可知，Cissy和“我”觉得它是个宫殿，再由but表示转折可知，找到的房子与宫殿相比应该是比较小的。故选C项。
【26题详解】
考查副词词义辨析。句意：然而，到了十月份，我妈妈失去了工作。A. However 然而；B. Otherwise 否则；C. Besides 除此之外；D. Therefore 因此。根据“in October my mother lost her job”可知，“我”妈妈失去了工作，这与前文的“Cissy和我觉得它是个宫殿”在逻辑上构成了转折关系。故选A项。
【27题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：十一月和十二月的房租都没有付。A. insurance 保险；B. damages 损害赔偿；C. debts 债务；D. rent 租金。根据“in October my mother lost her job”可知，“我”妈妈失去了工作，因此未能交上房租。故选D项。
【28题详解】
考查副词词义辨析。句意：Cissy和我知道我们很快又要搬家了。A. instead 代替；B. still 仍然；C. again 再次；D. sometimes 有时。根据“November’s...went unpaid, so did December’s.”可知，十一月和十二月的房租都没有付，因此Cissy和“我”知道“我们”很快要再次搬家了。故选C项。
【29题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：我妈妈不在家，所以我去开了门。A. repaired 修理；B. answered 回答；C. interrupted 打断；D. ignored 忽略。根据“Mom was out”可知，妈妈不在家，所以“我”去开的门，answer the door：开门。故选B项。
【30题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：我以前收到过驱逐通知，所以我知道应该期望什么。A. decide 决定；B. ask 询问；C. save 节省；D. expect 预料。根据“I’d received eviction notices before”可知，“我”以前收到过驱逐通知，因此“我”能预料到接下来发生的事情。故选D项。
【31题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：Hendrix夫人递给我一个盒子，微笑着说：“我想你们女孩子可能会喜欢一些面包。我每个圣诞节都会做”。A. notice 注意；B. box 盒子；C. bag 袋子；D. key 钥匙。根据“...the box.There were bread, candy, and new socks and gloves”可知，盒子里面有面包、糖果，还有新的袜子和手套，因此Hendrix夫人此前递给我的是一个盒子，box是同词复现。故选B项。
32题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：对于这样的慷慨，我没有准备好，只是勉强说了声“谢谢”。A. honesty 诚实；B. wisdom 智慧；C. courage 勇气；D. generosity 慷慨。根据“I thought you girls might enjoy some bread. I bake it every Christmas.”可知，Hendrix夫人认为女孩子可能会喜欢一些面包，她做了一些并送上门来，而“我”原以为是驱赶自己一家人的，因此对于这样的慷慨是始料未及的。故选D项。
【33题详解】
考查动词短语辨析。句意：关上门后，我们翻遍了整个盒子。A. packed up 打包；B. dug through 翻找；C. focused on 专注于；D. took over 接管。根据“There were bread, candy, and new socks and gloves. ”可知，盒子里面有面包、糖果，还有新的袜子和手套，这是“我们”翻遍整个盒子后发现的。故选B项。
【34题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：Hendrix夫妇给了Cissy和我一些在我们生活中从未有过的东西：归属感和稳定感。A. happy 快乐的；B. new 新的；C. young 年轻的，未成年的；D. special 特别的。根据前文的“ We had moved 23 times before I was 18. ”可知，在我18岁之前，“我们”已经搬了23次家，因此在“我们”未成年的时候，生活一直是不稳定的，缺乏归属感。故选C项。
【35题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：Hendrix夫妇给了Cissy和我一些在我们生活中从未有过的东西：归属感和稳定感。A. stability 稳定；B. reputation 声誉；C. fortune 财富；D. justice 公正。根据“We lived over five years in our twenty-fourth home. ”可知，“我们”在第24个家住了五年多，这种稳定的生活是Hendrix夫妇带给我们的。故选A项。
第二节(共10小题;每小题1.5分，满分15分)
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
The Cultural Landscape of Old Tea Forests of the Jingmai Mountain in Pu’er, Yunnan Province, gained World Heritage Site status on the 45th Session of the World Heritage Committee of UNESCO in Riyadh, Saudi Arabia on September 17, 2023.
As UNESCO World Heritage Committee noted, “This land-use system, ____36____ (create) by ancestors of Blang and Dai peoples, permits the complementary (互补的) use of ____37____ (nature) resources in the mountainous environment of Jingmai Mountain ____38____ acts as an exceptional example of a human interaction in a challenging environment.”
Li Qun, head of the National Cultural Heritage Administration, said in Riyadh that China will strengthen efforts ____39____ (manage) the heritage site and guide local communities to join ____40____ the protection of the old tea forests. “We’ll also advance international exchange and ____41____ (cooperate), and take more responsibilities in the World Heritage circle,” he said.
Chen Yaohua, director of World Heritage Research Center of Peking University who ____42____ (lead)studies of the site in the past 12 years, said that the practice on Jingmai Mountain is quite unique in the environment ____43____ large-scaled terraced (梯田形的) tea plantations play ____44____ leading role in today’s world.
According to his research, about 10% of tea trees on the mountain are at least 100 years old, and the ____45____ (old) ones are over 300.
【答案】36. created
37. natural
38. and 39. to manage
40. in 41. cooperation
42. has led
43. where 44. a
45. oldest
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇说明文，文章主要介绍了中国的普洱景迈山古茶林文化景观被列入世界遗产名录，它是中国第57个入选该名录的项目，还介绍了该文化景观的特色和价值。
【36题详解】
考查非谓语。句意：正如联合国教科文组织世界遗产委员会所指出的，“这一由布朗族和傣族祖先创造的土地利用系统，允许在景迈山的山区环境中互补利用自然资源，并成为人类在充满挑战的环境中互动的一个特例。”分析句子可知，此空考查非谓语，This land-use system和create为被动关系，再由句意可知，这里应用过去分词作状语。故填created。
【37题详解】
考查形容词。句意：正如联合国教科文组织世界遗产委员会所指出的，“这一由布朗族和傣族祖先创造的土地利用系统，允许在景迈山的山区环境中互补利用自然资源，并成为人类在充满挑战的环境中互动的一个特例。”分析句子可知，此空应填形容词作定语修饰后面名词resources。故填natural。
【38题详解】
考查连词。句意：正如联合国教科文组织世界遗产委员会所指出的，“这一由布朗族和傣族祖先创造的土地利用系统，允许在景迈山的山区环境中互补利用自然资源，并成为人类在充满挑战的环境中互动的一个特例。”分析句子可知，本句中permits 和 acts 为两个并列动作，都作本句的谓语，所以此空应填并列连词and。故填and。
【39题详解】
考查非谓语。句意：国家文化遗产局局长李群在利雅得表示，中国将加强遗产管理，引导当地社区参与保护老茶林。分析句子可知，此空应填不定式作目的状语。故填to manage。
【40题详解】
考查介词。句意：国家文化遗产局局长李群在利雅得表示，中国将加强遗产管理，引导当地社区参与保护老茶林。分析句子可知，这里考查join in表“加入”，为固定搭配。故填in。
【41题详解】
考查名词。句意：我们还将推进国际交流与合作，在世界遗产圈承担更多责任。分析句子可知，此空应填名词和and前international exchange为并列关系。cooperation表“合作”，为不可数名词，在本句中作宾语。故填cooperation。
【42题详解】
考查时态。句意：北京大学世界遗产研究中心主任陈耀华在过去12年里一直领导着对该遗址的研究，他说，在当今世界大型梯田茶园发挥主导作用的环境中，在景迈山上的这种做法是非常独特的。分析句子可知，此空应填谓语动词， who指代Chen Yaohua，与lead为主动关系，且由in the past 12 years可知，这里时态应用现在完成时。故填has led。
【43题详解】
考查定语从句。句意：北京大学世界遗产研究中心主任陈耀华在过去12年里一直领导着对该遗址的研究，他说，在当今世界大型梯田茶园发挥主导作用的环境中，在景迈山上的这种做法是非常独特的。分析句子可知，这里考查定语从句，先行词为environment ，在从句中作状语，应用关系副词where引导。故填where。
【44题详解】
考查冠词。句意：北京大学世界遗产研究中心主任陈耀华在过去12年里一直领导着对该遗址的研究，他说，在当今世界大型梯田茶园发挥主导作用的环境中，在景迈山上的这种做法是非常独特的。分析句子可知，这里表示“一个主导作用”，为泛指，所以应用不定冠词，且leading为辅音音素开始的单词。故填a。
【45题详解】
考查形容词最高级。句意：根据他的研究，山上大约10%的茶树树龄至少为100年，最古老的超过300年。分析句子可知，这里表示“最老”的茶树树龄超过300年，所以这里应用形容词最高级。故填oldest。
第四部分 写作(共两节，满分40分)
第一节(满分15分)
46. 假定你是李华，你的英国笔友Peter询问你高三的学习情况及准备选择的大学专业，请就此给他回复一封邮件。
注意：1．写作词数应为80左右；
2．请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
Dear Peter,
___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Yours,
Li Hua
【答案】Dear Peter,
How’s everything going I’m more than delighted to have received your email asking about my studies in Senior Three and the major I plan to choose in college.
Generally speaking, since I became a senior high school student, I have done well in all subjects. What makes me feel pleased is that my scores are gradually improving with the help of all the teachers, who tell me lots of learning strategies. As for my future major in college, I will choose to major in finance because I am very interested in it.
Would you like to share with me what major you have a passion for Looking forward to your early reply.
Yours,
Li Hua
【解析】
【导语】本篇书面表达属于应用文，要求考生给英国笔友Peter回复一封邮件，谈谈你高三的学习情况及准备选择的大学专业。
【详解】1.词汇积累
高兴的：delighted→glad
选择：choose→select
帮助：help →assistance
很多： lots of →a good many
2.句式拓展
简单句变复合句
原句： Looking forward to your early reply.
拓展句： I will greatly appreciate it if you can reply at your earliest convenience.
【点睛】【高分句型1】What makes me feel pleased is that my scores are gradually improving with the help of all the teachers, who tell me lots of learning strategies. （运用了what引导的主语从句、that引导的表语从句和who引导的非限制性定语从句）
【高分句型2】Would you like to share with me what major you have a passion for （运用了what引导的宾语从句）
第二节(满分25分)
47. 阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。
In 1989, I was away from my home in Malaysia attending the University of Kansas in the USA. I found an advertisement for a summer job as a programmer at Ulm in what was then West Germany. I submitted my application and got an interview. What made me pleased was that I was offered the job after the interview. I thought it was a good opportunity to see part of a new continent.
Both Malaysia and the USA emerged from Britain, so we have common standards for the way many things are done. Naturally, I expected things at Ulm would be different—big things, like language and culture—but I never expected small cultural differences would affect me. For example, I was surprised that little things like how doors fit into doorframes were different. The bread was also very different. While it was fun at first to eat the various kinds of food, after some time I longed for the white, square and soft bread I was used to. And the big things were not that bad: the folks in the city of Ulm mostly didn’t speak English well but were very friendly and helpful.
One of these small differences, however, tripped me up early in my stay. The first few days, my employer put me up in a bed-and-breakfast hotel. Then I found a small studio apartment to rent. It was evening by the time I got settled in. Since there were all-night grocery stores in the US and grocery stores in Malaysia were open late at night, I made a habit of going out to buy some food and other necessities like soap for the shower. But to my surprise and horror, every single shop was closed! I was alone with no food or any other kind of necessary items. I wandered around hopelessly in the street for a while.
注意：1．续写词数应为150左右;
2．请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
Then I saw a university student with whom I talked about my experience.
___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
At his home, I found that he did not possess much.
___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
【答案】One possible version:
Then I saw a university student with whom I talked about my experience. I said I was going to have a shower without using soap, go to bed without supper and even have no breakfast the next morning. He explained with a disarming air of compassion that the shops in Germany closed earlier than those in the USA or Malaysia. But he didn’t leave it at that and took me back to his home.
At his home, I found that he did not possess much. But he was willing to share what he had with a poor foreigner wandering the streets of his city. Not only did he share his supper with me but he cut off half his bar of soap with a knife so that I’d be able to shower comfortably. He also gave me cheese and bread for breakfast the next morning! His kind deed inspired me to follow suit. Whenever I see someone in need in my daily life, I will be willing to lend a hand.
【解析】
【导语】本文以人物为线索展开，讲述作者离开马来西亚就读于美国堪萨斯大学，暑假期间作者在西德乌尔姆大学有一个兼职工作并找了一间小单间公寓暂时住宿，当作者深夜去买日需用品时却发现所有的商店都关了门，作者无助地在街上徘徊。
【详解】1.段落续写：
①由续写第一段首句“然后我看到一个大学生，和他聊了聊我的经历。”可以预测续写第一段主要内容：作者述说了自己的遭遇，大学生解释说明了德国和美国以及马来西亚的文化差异并带作者去他家。
②由第二段首句“在他家里，我发现他没有什么财产。”可以预测续写第二段主要内容：这位大学生向作者提供了帮助，作者非常感动，从此效仿他来帮助别人。
2.续写线索：作者向大学生述说自己遭遇——大学生表达同情并解释文化差异——大学生带作者去他家——给作者提供帮助——作者深受感动——效仿大学生帮助别人
3.词汇激活
行为类
①看见： see/spot
②洗澡：take a bath/have a shower
③提供：provide/offer/give
情绪类
①同情：compassion/pity/sympathy
②舒服地：comfortably/cozily
【点睛】[高分句型1]He explained with a disarming air of compassion that the shops in Germany closed earlier than those in the USA or Malaysia.（运用了that引导的宾语从句）
[高分句型2]Not only did he share his supper with me but he cut off half his bar of soap with a knife so that I’d be able to shower comfortably.（运用了not only放句首引导的部分倒装）
[高分句型3]Whenever I see someone in need in my daily life, I will be willing to lend a hand.（运用Whenever引导的让步状语从句）2023—2024学年海南省高考全真模拟卷(四)
英语
1. 本试卷满分150分，测试时间120分钟，共8页。
2. 考查范围：高考全部内容。
第一部分 听力(共两节，满分30分)
第一节(共5小题;每小题1.5分，满分7.5分)
听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。
例：How much is the shirt
A. 19.15. B. 9.18. C. 9.15.
答案是C。
1. What does the woman want to do
A. See a movie. B. Buy a ticket. C. Get her money back.
2. When will the man arrive at the airport
A. At 1:30. B. At 2:30. C. At 3:30.
3. What does the man do probably
A. He is a player. B. He is a journalist. C. He is a viewer.
4. What are the speakers talking about
A. A tiger in the zoo. B. A story book. C. A tourist attraction.
5. Where does the conversation most probably take place
A. At home. B. At a hospital. C. At a hotel.
第二节(共15小题;每小题1.5分，满分22.5分)
听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟;听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。
听第6段材料，回答第6、7题。
6. Why does the woman call James
A. To pay her bill.
B. To discuss the service.
C. To confirm her monthly charge.
7. How much should a person pay for the late payment for two months
A. $40. B. $20. C. $10.
听第7段材料，回答第8、9题。
8. What do we know about the cafe
A. It is beautiful.
B. It used to have a different name.
C. It was built in 2005.
9. What can be known about the man speaker
A. He still works at the cafe.
B. He prefers drinking tea to coffee.
C. He had a close relationship with Eddie
听第8段材料，回答第10至12题。
10. How do the two speakers feel about the picnic place
A. Disappointed. B. Satisfied. C. Curious.
11. Who is Daniel probably
A. The speakers’ son. B. The speakers’ pet dog. C. The speakers’ friend.
12. What does the man want the picnic to be
A. Just a break. B. Another way to work. C. A chance to learn.
听第9段材料，回答第13至16题。
13. Where is Lucy’s mother from
A. China. B. The US. C. The UK.
14. What does Lucy want to do this summer
A Learn about Chinese culture.
B. Look after her grandmother.
C. Relax herself on her uncle’s farm.
15. When will Lucy go to Beijing
A. In the summer. B. In the winter. C. In the fall.
16. Who does the man plan to go to London with
A. His friends. B. His mother. C. His grandmother.
听第10段材料，回答第17至20题
17. How many languages are there in the world now
A. Around 7,000. B. Around 3,500. C. Around 2,000.
18. What may happen by next century
A. Children will stop learning any new languages.
B. Everyone will start speaking the same language.
C. About half of the world’s existing languages will disappear.
19. Why are people creating “Talking dictionaries” of dying languages
A. To record what the languages really sound like.
B. To teach the languages to people from other cultures.
C. To help promote communication among people.
20. What does the speaker think of rare languages
A. They are precious and worth protecting.
B. They are dying out because of technology.
C. They are not meant to be passed down to children.
第二部分 阅读(共两节，满分50分)
第一节(共15小题;每小题2.5分，满分37.5分)
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A, BC、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。
A
Kaibab National Forest
The vast majority of areas and activities in the Kaibab National Forest are free to enjoy by the public. However, there are some fees for recreational (娱乐的) sites and activities such as campgrounds, cabin rentals and recreational vehicle facilities.
Annual Pass
It covers the pass owner and three accompanying adults at sites where per person entrance fees are charged. Good for one year from the month of purchase. $80 for one year.
Senior Pass
You must be 62 years of age or older to purchase. Passes are $20 for one year or $80 for a lifetime. An Interagency (跨部门的) Annual Pass can be used on many different federal lands across the nation.
Volunteer Pass
It is awarded to those individuals who volunteer 250 hours at one or more recreational sites managed by 5 federal agencies as a way to say “thank you”! The Volunteer Pass is valid (有效的) for 12 months from the month of issuance.
4th Graders
This free pass is available to 4th Graders, 4th Grade Teachers, home school and free-choice learners 10 years of age. Good from Sept. to Aug. of your 4th Grade school year.
Access Pass
People who are living with disabilities can request this $10 lifetime pass. It can be used at many different federal lands across the nation.
For detailed information on fees associated with any Kaibab National Forest recreational site or activity, please visit its website and locate the specific site or activity of interest.
1. How many people does an Annual Pass admit into Kaibab National Forest at most
A. 1. B. 2. C. 3. D. 4.
2. What can we know about the Volunteer Pass
A. It’s free for old people. B. It shows respect for labor.
C. It can be used for a lifetime. D. It’s given as a reward to 4th Graders.
3. Which pass favors the disabled
A. Annual Pass. B. Senior Pass. C. Access Pass. D. 4th Graders.
B
The 2023 Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine has been awarded to Katalin Karikó and Drew Weissman for their work on mRNA vaccines (疫苗) a crucial tool in holding back the spread of COVID-19.
Karikó,68, is from Hungary. In the 1970s, she began studying a new area of research: messenger RNA (mRNA). mRNA is a special molecule (分子) which carries instructions that tell cells what proteins to make. Proteins are one of the building blocks of life. They’re involved in almost every process in living things, from fighting diseases to building muscles to helping our bodies work. Karikó was excited about the idea that mRNA could be used to help the body fight many different diseases.
In 1985, Karikó moved to America to continue her research. In 1989, she joined the University of Pennsylvania (UPenn) in Philadelphia as a scientist. But as time went on, the initial excitement surrounding mRNA research started to disappear, and other scientists thought it was too financially risky to fund. Karikó had trouble getting money for her research. She even got a pay cut from the school. What’s worse, at this time, she suffered from cancer. But she stuck at it.
Karikó got to know another UPenn scientist, Drew Weissman in the late 1990s while photocopying research papers. He was hoping to find a way to create a vaccine for a disease known as HIV. The two began talking and soon decided to work together.
One of the biggest problems in using mRNA as a medicine was that the human body saw mRNA as an enemy and fought it off. Together, they came up with an approach to treating mRNA．In 2005, they published their key discovery: mRNA could be changed and delivered effectively into the body to activate (激活) the body’s protective immune system. Thanks to their work, companies were able to develop mRNA vaccines far more quickly than ever before, which have saved millions of lives around the world.
4. What does paragraph 2 mainly talk about regarding mRNA
A. Its reflections on health. B. Its main components.
C. Its threats to proteins. D. Its research values.
5. What can we learn about Weissman according to the text
A. He met Karikó by accident. B. He applied mRNA to HIV.
C. He invited Karikó to UPenn. D. He helped discover mRNA.
6. What is Karikó and Weissman’s scientific breakthrough
A. Their idea on how to recognize COVID-19 fast.
B. Their method of testing the mRNA vaccines’ effect.
C. Their way to make the human body accept mRNA.
D. Their experiment of activating the immune system.
7. What can we learn from Karikó’s story
A. We should pursue excellence in our careers.
B. Creativity results from challenging authority.
C. Scientists’ work follows technological trends.
D Success comes from a lasting desire to explore.
C
The “biggest mistake” in workplace communication—and the hardest one to recover from—is sending emotional emails, says Brandon Smith, who is known as the Workplace Therapist (治疗师). “It’s a really, really hard skill to master—most people don’t correct it until their 30s or 40s—but you should never send an email when you’re feeling extremely emotional,” says Smith. “People treat emails or other online communication like a casual (随意的) conversation you’re having in the hallway, but it’s not.” Instead, you should“email like it could one day be read aloud in court,” he adds.
Next time you get an email or online message that makes you feel angry, anxious or even pleased, what should you do You can write a draft, and then wait 24 hours. This approach satiates the immediate need to blow off emotional steam and express your emotions without hurting your reputation at work. “When you have a strong emotional reaction to something, those emotions will unavoidably come through in whatever message you’re typing,” says Smith. “It’s so much easier to make an issue worse than solve one over email.”
When you make a reply, re-read your draft as if you were the recipient: Is the message confusing Are there any details that could be misinterpreted, or that sound emotional If you’re still not confident in your response, Smith recommends asking a co-worker to read it over, as a second opinion can help you identify areas of improvement.
If something requires a more immediate response, ask the other person if you can continue the conversation offline. Phone calls play a more important role in building emotional connection. Voice-based communication (such as phone calls) create s stronger bonds than text-based communication (such as emails). Or, as Smith explains, “You’ll be less willing to be rude to the other person when you’re in conversation with them, or listening to their voice on the end of the line than you would be over text.”
8. What does Smith think of sending an email
A. It should be considered seriously. B. It’s an unavoidable workplace behavior.
C. It’s a kind of a casual conversation. D. It should be used to convey our emotions.
9. What does the underlined word “satiates” in paragraph 2 mean
A. Emphasizes. B. Satisfies. C. Controls. D. Generates.
10. Which statement does the author probably agree with
A. Links among people are based on words. B. Voice-based communication is advisable.
C. Phone calls are gradually losing their appeal. D. It’s more effective to communicate online.
11. What is the text mainly about
A. Ways of avoiding emotional texts. B. Common workplace survival skills.
C. Different forms of communication. D. Constant conflicts between people.
D
A recent breakthrough in battery technology could affect the electric vehicle (EV).
Right now it can take up to 10 hours to fully charge an EV. There has long been a debate about the best times to charge an electric vehicle because of the amount of time it takes. In recent years, manufacturers are racing to create options that cut this process down greatly. The team, led by Professor Won Bae Kim of Pohang University of Science and Technology in South Korea, is developing a new anode (阳极) material that can charge an electric vehicle very quickly.
The anode materials are known for their exceptional lithium-ion (锂离子) storage capacity. By enlarging the surface area of the anode materials, scientists enabled a large number of lithium-ions to move at the same time, resulting in significantly-improved charging speed. Experimental result s demonstrated that a battery with a capacity that equals those used in current EVs can be fully charged in just six minutes.
The research holds the potential to significantly increase the energy density of lithium-ion batteries through the incorporation (合并) of high-capacity anode materials, thereby extending the driving range of electric vehicles. Anode materials could potentially increase the driving range at least by ten times.
The development holds great promise for the future of electric vehicles, making them more efficient for everyday use. With faster charging times, the barrier to adopting electric vehicles could be significantly reduced, paving the way for a greener and more sustainable transportation system. This groundbreaking research opens doors to further advancements in battery technology and marks a significant step forward in the journey toward a cleaner, electric-powered future. With continued innovation and investment in sustainable energy solutions, we are one step
12. What does the author want to explain by mentioning the debate
A. The risk of producing EVs. B. The reason for giving up an EV.
C. The necessity of the team’s research. D. The difficulty of making anode materials.
13. What did Won Bae Kim’s team find
A. Lithium-ions have great storage capacity.
B. EVs can go 10 times faster than they do now.
C. Anode materials’ surface area affects charging speed.
D. EVs’ driving range isn’t necessarily decided by batteries.
14. What is the author’s attitude towards the future development of EVs
A. Worried. B. Positive. C. Doubtful. D. Uncertain.
15. What’s the best title for the text
A. EV Charging: A Matter of Minutes B. EV Industry: Environmental Booster
C. Lithium-ion Batteries: EV Innovation D. Anode Materials: Core EV Technology
第二节(共5小题;每小题2.5分，满分12.5分)
阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
According to the research published by Ofcom, most people in the UK are dependent on their digital devices and apparently need constant access to the Internet.
The smartphone slowly caught on in the UK in 2008. ____16____. More than ten years later, the figure reached 78%, with 95% of users aged 16—24. The smartphone is now a vital part of most people’s daily lives. It is the device that people say they would miss the most.
People now expect constant Internet access wherever they are, with 64% of adults saying that it is an essential part of their lives. Over the past years, access to the Internet has improved. ____17____. For example, while there are now more mobile phones in the UK than people, the number of actual calls from them has fallen as messaging apps such as WhatsApp and WeChat increase in popularity.
____18____. Smartphone users in the UK now check their devices, on average, every 12 minutes, which directly affects their work efficiency. 65% of adults under the age of 35 look at their phones within 5 minutes of waking up, which can make them unwilling to get out of bed. ____19____. They admitted that the use of connected devices interrupts face-to-face conversations with friends and family. They also admit to looking at their phones while they are watching TV with other people.
So how much time should we spend online ____20____, since a large percentage of people use the Internet in their jobs.
A. That’s not a question that can be easily answered
B. 17 percent of the population owned one by the end of that year
C. They mentioned smartphones’ increasing effect on our lives too
D. As a result, the way we communicate with each other has changed
E. The research has focused on how technology has changed our lives
F. However, there are negative effects of being online for many people
G More than half of those questioned talked about some phenomena in life
第三部分 语言运用(共两节，满分30分)
第一节(共15小题;每小题1分，满分15分)
阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
In March 1975, my mother brought my younger sister Cissy and me back to our hometown.
Cissy and I were ____21____ to moving. We had moved 23 times before I was 18. Altogether I ____22____ 19 schools. But at 13 and 11 years of age, we were ____23____ being the new kids in school.
Staying in a motel (汽车旅馆) for weeks, we ____24____ found a two-bedroom home for $80 a month, which was in the landlords (房东), Mr and Mrs Hendrix’s back yard. It was ____25____, but Cissy and I thought it was a palace. ____26____, in October my mother lost her job. November’s ____27____ went unpaid, so did December’s. Cissy and I knew we’d soon move ____28____.
On Christmas Day, Mrs Hendrix knocked on the front door. Mom was out, so I ____29____ it. I’d received eviction (驱逐) notices before, so I knew what to ____30____. Mrs Hendrix held out a ____31____ to me, smiling as she said,“I thought you girls might enjoy some bread. I bake it every Christmas.” Unprepared for such ____32____,I managed a “Thanks”. Closing the door, we ____33____ the box. There were bread, candy, and new socks and gloves for us three. No eviction notice!
We lived over five years in our twenty-fourth home. The Hendrixes gave Cissy and me something we had never known in our ____34____ lives: the comfort of belonging, and ____35____.
21. A. used B. devoted C. attached D. opposed
22. A. considered B. attended C. missed D. recommended
23. A. patient with B. grateful for C. uncertain about D. tired of
24. A. finally B. hardly C. gradually D. easily
25. A. dirty B. modern C. small D. quiet
26. A. However B. Otherwise C. Besides D. Therefore
27. A. insurance B. damages C. debts D. rent
28. A. instead B. still C. again D. sometimes
29. A. repaired B. answered C. interrupted D. ignored
30. A. decide B. ask C. save D. expect
31. A. notice B. box C. bag D. key
32. A. honesty B. wisdom C. courage D. generosity
33. A. packed up B. dug through C. focused on D. took over
34. A. happy B. new C. young D. special
35. A. stability B. reputation C. fortune D. justice
第二节(共10小题;每小题1.5分，满分15分)
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
The Cultural Landscape of Old Tea Forests of the Jingmai Mountain in Pu’er, Yunnan Province, gained World Heritage Site status on the 45th Session of the World Heritage Committee of UNESCO in Riyadh, Saudi Arabia on September 17, 2023.
As UNESCO World Heritage Committee noted, “This land-use system, ____36____ (create) by ancestors of Blang and Dai peoples, permits the complementary (互补的) use of ____37____ (nature) resources in the mountainous environment of Jingmai Mountain ____38____ acts as an exceptional example of a human interaction in a challenging environment.”
Li Qun, head of the National Cultural Heritage Administration, said in Riyadh that China will strengthen efforts ____39____ (manage) the heritage site and guide local communities to join ____40____ the protection of the old tea forests. “We’ll also advance international exchange and ____41____ (cooperate), and take more responsibilities in the World Heritage circle,” he said.
Chen Yaohua, director of World Heritage Research Center of Peking University who ____42____ (lead)studies of the site in the past 12 years, said that the practice on Jingmai Mountain is quite unique in the environment ____43____ large-scaled terraced (梯田形的) tea plantations play ____44____ leading role in today’s world.
According to his research, about 10% of tea trees on the mountain are at least 100 years old, and the ____45____ (old) ones are over 300.
第四部分 写作(共两节，满分40分)
第一节(满分15分)
46. 假定你是李华，你的英国笔友Peter询问你高三的学习情况及准备选择的大学专业，请就此给他回复一封邮件。
注意：1．写作词数应为80左右；
2．请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
Dear Peter,
___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Yours
Li Hua
第二节(满分25分)
47. 阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。
In 1989, I was away from my home in Malaysia attending the University of Kansas in the USA. I found an advertisement for a summer job as a programmer at Ulm in what was then West Germany. I submitted my application and got an interview. What made me pleased was that I was offered the job after the interview. I thought it was a good opportunity to see part of a new continent.
Both Malaysia and the USA emerged from Britain, so we have common standards for the way many things are done. Naturally, I expected things at Ulm would be different—big things, like language and culture—but I never expected small cultural differences would affect me. For example, I was surprised that little things like how doors fit into doorframes were different. The bread was also very different. While it was fun at first to eat the various kinds of food, after some time I longed for the white, square and soft bread I was used to. And the big things were not that bad: the folks in the city of Ulm mostly didn’t speak English well but were very friendly and helpful.
One of these small differences, however, tripped me up early in my stay. The first few days, my employer put me up in a bed-and-breakfast hotel. Then I found a small studio apartment to rent. It was evening by the time I got settled in. Since there were all-night grocery stores in the US and grocery stores in Malaysia were open late at night, I made a habit of going out to buy some food and other necessities like soap for the shower. But to my surprise and horror, every single shop was closed! I was alone with no food or any other kind of necessary items. I wandered around hopelessly in the street for a while.
注意：1．续写词数应为150左右;
2．请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
Then I saw a university student with whom I talked about my experience.
___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
At his home, I found that he did not possess much.
___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________