高中试卷答案网崇明区2023学年第一学期高三第一次模拟考试
英语
（考试时间120分钟，满分140分）
I. Listening Comprehension
Section A
Directions: In Section A, you will hear ten short conversations between two speakers. At the end of each conversation, a question will be asked about what was said. The conversations and the questions will be spoken only once. After you hear a conversation and the question about it, read the four possible answers on your paper, and decide which one is the best answer to the question you have heard.
1. 【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】
A. In a hotel. B. In a bank. C. In a classroom. D. In a box office.
2. 【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】
A. 18:25. B. 18:55. C. 19:05. D. 19:15.
3. 【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】
A. There are different kinds of folders.
B. It doesn’t matter which color she uses.
C. This decision requires careful thought.
D. The color shouldn’t suggest the content.
4. 【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】
A. He doesn’t like the man.
B. He started the semester in a bad mood.
C. He isn’t usually bad-tempered.
D. He’ll be under great pressure next week.
5. 【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】
A. Find an apartment soon.
B. Apply for campus housing.
C. Avoid living near the campus.
D. Share the place he’s renting.
6. 【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】
A. Their plans in the new semester.
B. The items they’re going to deliver.
C. Their part-time jobs in the vacation.
D. The daily routines they share at school.
7. 【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】
A. Buy Daisy a new notebook.
B. Apologize to Daisy again by phone.
C. Go to see Daisy immediately.
D. Leave Daisy alone for the time being.
8. 【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】
A. She doesn’t have a computer.
B. She needs to have her computer repaired.
C. She can’t understand the instructions.
D. She has a doctor’s degree in computer science.
9. 【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】
A. He forgot to cancel the reservation.
B. He doesn’t know how to get to the restaurant.
C. They can go to the restaurant late at night.
D. They don’t have a reservation at the restaurant.
10. 【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】
A. He’s willing to help run the experiment.
B. He’s busy working on his own experiment.
C. He can act as a subject in the experiment.
D. He thinks the experiment is hard to understand.
Section B
Directions: In Section B, you will hear two short passages and one longer conversation, and you will be asked several questions on each of them. The passages and the conversation will be read twice, but the questions will be spoken only once. When you hear a question, read the four possible answers on your paper and decide which one is the best answer to the question you have heard.
听下面一段独白，回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】
11.
A. A new educational theory.
B. An innovative try at teaching.
C. A diligent university student.
D. A serious subject in a university.
12.
A. Serious subjects to write about.
B. Fierce competition among students.
C. Happy and cooperative learning.
D. Various topics for students to vote for.
13.
A. Suspicious at first but positive later.
B. Welcome at first but uncertain later.
C. Disapproving at first but shocked later.
D. Excited at first but disappointed later.
听下面一段独白，回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】
14.
A. They are beneficial to his mind.
B. They are helpful to his social relationship.
C. They can boost the toy industry.
D. They can attract attention to older people.
15.
A. They only reduce loneliness.
B. They limit reasoning or thinking abilities.
C. They can’t improve specific skills.
D. They can’t help maintain independent living.
16.
A. The necessity of developing toys for older people.
B The type of toys that older people are interested in.
C. Toy makers’ effort to produce games for older people.
D. Different views on the effects of toys on older people.
听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】
17. A. A ghost story. B. The bears’ habits. C. A scary movie. D. The camping atmosphere.
18.
A. They may get lost in the dark.
B. Their food may be stolen by bears.
C. Bears may mistake her for food.
D. There may appear ghosts in the woods.
19.
A. Teach her wilderness first aid skills.
B. Share his rich camping experiences.
C. Guide her to breathe fresh air deeply.
D. Distract her attention with ghost stories.
20.
A. He dislikes watching movies.
B. He’s fond of being exposed to nature.
C. He’s got little experience in camping.
D. He believes there are no bears in the woods.
II. Grammar and Vocabulary
Section A
Directions: After reading the passage below, fill in the blanks to make the passage coherent and grammatically correct. For the blanks with a given word, fill in each blank with the proper form of the given word; for the other blanks, use one word that best fits each blank.
Life May Actually Flash Before Your Eyes on Death
New data from a scientific “accident” has suggested that life may actually flash before our eyes as we die.
A team of scientists set out to measure the brainwaves of an 87-year-old patient who ___21___ (develop) epilepsy (癫痫) for many years. But during the neurological (神经学的) recording, he suffered a fatal heart attack, ___22___ (offer) an unexpected recording of a dying brain.
It revealed that in the 30 seconds before and after, the man’s brainwaves followed the same patterns as dreaming or recalling memories. Brain activity of this sort could suggest that a final “recall of life” may occur in a person’s last moments, the team wrote in their study, ___23___ (publish) in Frontiers in Aging Neuroscience on Tuesday.
Dr Ajmal Zemmar, a co-author of the study, said that what the team, then based in Vancouver, Canada, accidentally got, ___24___ (consider) the first-ever recording of a dying brain. So will we get a glimpse back at those moments ___25___ we stayed with loved ones and other happy memories Dr Zemmar said it was impossible ___26___ (tell). “If I were to jump to the philosophical area, I would guess that if the brain did a flashback, it would probably like to remind you of good things, rather than the bad things,” he said. “But ___27___ is memorable would be different for every person.”
Dr Zemmar, now a neurosurgeon at the University of Louisville, said in the 30 seconds ___28___ the patient’s heart stopped supplying blood to the brain, his brainwaves followed the same patterns as when we carry out high-cognitive demanding (高认知要求的) tasks, like concentrating, dreaming or recalling memories. It continued 30 seconds after the patient’s heart stopped beating. “I think there’s ___29___ mysterious and spiritual about this whole near-death experience,” Dr Zemmar said. “And findings like this — it’s a moment ___30___ scientists live for.”
Section B
Directions: After reading the passage below, fill in each blank with a proper word given in the box. Each word can only be used once. Note that there is one word more than you need.
A. advantage B. anticipating C. digitally D. facilitating E. geometry F. giant G. initiated H. painstakingly I. potentially J. reopened K. sought
How Digital Modeling Plays a Key Role in Restoring the Notre Dame Cathedral (巴黎圣母院)
It’s been more than four years since a fire damaged Notre Dame, the Catholic cathedral in Paris that’s historically drawn millions of visitors every year.
Since then, people from around the world have united to support an effort, ___31___ by French President, that’s intended to have the building back open to the public by the end of next year. Teams working to restore the Gothic cathedral have ___32___ to rebuild much of the damaged sections using materials like oak wood (橡木) and stone that have stood the test of centuries.
But the builders, architects and engineers do have the ___33___ of some 21st century technologies, including modern building information modeling (BIM) software that enables them to work with a(n) ___34___ detailed 3D digital model of the cathedral and surrounding site, backed by powerful cloud computing technology.
“It allows you to really understand a lot of how a building fits together, how it’s constructed,” says Andrew Anagnost, CEO of design software ___35___ Autodesk. It has contributed technical consulting, software and financial assistance to the project since shortly after the fire. A digital model, which took more than a year to create, includes more than 12,000 objects.
It was a complex process. Onsite workers captured the point-by-point 3D ___36___ of the cathedral with laser (激光) and photo equipment. Then others turned the data points from that process into detailed shapes and objects, down to individual building stones. That let experts see how the building shifted in the fire — important for ___37___ any stability issues — and plan out the process of reconstruction.
“It’s like Mission: Impossible when they plan,” says Nicolas Mangon, VP of architecture, engineering and construction industry strategy at Autodesk. “Every little piece is done ___38___, and with the 3D model you can simulate (模拟) everything.”
Even when the cathedral is ___39___, the model may still serve important roles. Mangon says the company is currently in discussions about using it to manage aspects of the complex going forward, ___40___ using sensors that could show the exact location of any future fires.
III. Reading Comprehension
Section A
Directions: For each blank in the following passage there are four words or phrases marked A, B, C and D. Fill in each blank with the word or phrase that best fits the context.
Sea levels along coastlines in the United States will rise about one foot by 2050, with larger increases on the East and Gulf coasts, according to a comprehensive new report by climate scientists.
Oceans have already risen about one foot in the last century, as climate change melts glaciers (冰川) and ice caps around the world. But the pace is ___41___ scientists warn, and the next 30 years will see the same amount of sea level rise as the previous 100.
The report gives the most concrete and certain sea level ___42___ ever published for the U.S. And advances in computer models and real-world information about rising seas make it possible to see the future more ___43___ than ever.
Sea level rise ___44___ dramatically for different parts of the U.S. coast. The ocean is not like a bucket of water that rises at the same time as more liquid is ___45___. Ocean ___46___ push more water into some areas than others. Ice in different regions melts at different rates. In many parts of the world, sea level rise is ___47___ because coastal land is sinking.
The new report adds up all those factors to give ___48___ estimates for different parts of the U.S. The authors predict about a foot and a half of sea level rise for the Gulf Coast by 2050, with particular hot spots from Texas to Mississippi, where exploitation of underground oil, gas and drinking water is causing the land to rapidly ___49___ into the rising ocean water. There are ___50___ hot spots in the Mid-Atlantic region, including Annapolis, Md. and Norfolk, Va. Overall, the East Coast is ___51___ to experience a little more than a foot of sea level rise in the next 30 years.
Sea level rise is happening more ___52___ on the West Coast, including much of southern and western Alaska, the report finds. The authors predict about six inches of sea level rise by 2050.
William Sweet, a sea level rise expert with the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA) and one of the authors of the new report, says cities that are not yet flooded should ___53___ now. Quickening sea level rise may require that humans ___54___ where and how we build homes, offices, roads and anything else that is better dry than wet. Right now, development in flood-prone (易发洪水的) areas is increasing, despite climate change.
Beyond 2050, the report makes clear that humans have a ___55___: reduce greenhouse gas emissions and control sea level rise, or keep burning fossil fuels and face oceans that are two, three or even 10 feet higher than today.
41. A. dying down B. paying back C. holding on D. speeding up
42. A. records B. extremes C. predictions D. solutions
43. A. flexibly B. clearly C. randomly D. incredibly
44. A. continues B. impacts C. multiplies D. varies
45. A. added B. drained C. spilt D. needed
46. A. creatures B. currents C. ecosystems D. voyages
47. A. stable B. crucial C. unlikely D. worse
48. A. national B. regional C. apparent D. approximate
49. A. dig B. turn C. collapse D. dive
50. A. similar B. scenery C. distant D. diverse
51. A. projected B. obliged C. permitted D. noticed
52. A. sharply B. mysteriously C. unexpectedly D. slowly
53. A. make sense B. take notice C. keep pace D. stay proud
54. A. scheme B. cancel C. change D. delay
55. A. promise B. quarrel C. choice D. protest
Section B
Directions: Read the following three passages. Each passage is followed by several questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. Choose the one that fits best according to the information given in the passage you have just read.
A
Most teachers assign novels for students to read not write. But many teachers nationwide are not only asking students to read novels but also giving them a month to write them. Yes, you read that right: one month.
However, students participating in November’s National Novel Writing Month (NaNoWriMo) do not complain about being overworked. Instead, they have been known to ask, “Can we work on our novels today ” That’s because, above all, NaNoWriMo is meant to be fun. An exercise in “seat-of-your-pants” novel writing, it has almost no rules.
The Office of Letters and Light is the nonprofit behind the event. It believes this carefree approach encourages writers to take imaginative risks and truly enjoy their work. Founded in 1999 the adult version of the event requires only that you commit yourself to making an attempt at novel writing and submitting a novel of 50,000 words, no matter how good or bad they are, by the end of November.
Since 2005, NaNoWriMo has entered many classrooms, including those of National Writing Project teachers, through its Young Writers Program. In addition, teachers receive a classroom kit featuring a progress chart, stickers to mark word counts, and buttons for writers who cross the finish line.
About 1,800 classrooms and 45,000 kids and teens participated last year. The rules for under-18 writers are the same as those for adults. But there is one important exception: young writers can pick their own “reasonable yet challenging” word length. If a student elects to write, say, 18,000 words and achieves this goal in a month, he or she is a winner. Awards include a “handsome winner’s certificate” and a promotional code to receive a free bound proof copy of the finished novel.
The Young Writers Program also facilitates Script Frenzy, a similar scriptwriting (剧本写作) event that happens each April and challenges participants to write a 100-page script in 30 days.
While young writers work primarily as individuals, teachers are also encouraged to write along with them.
56. It can be inferred that students usually ________ after participating in NaNoWriMo.
A. enjoy themselves B. overload themselves C. look courageous D. become distracted
57. By “seat-of-your-pants” in paragraph 2, the author means ________.
A. the novel writing activity gives its participants pants as awards
B. the participants have to stick on their seats for long writing novels
C. the participants are free to write whatever novels they can imagine
D. the novel writing activity needs new rules for participants to follow
58. What can be learned about the rules for adolescent writers
A. They should cross the finish line before participating.
B. They can lengthen the duration of their writing process.
C. They can decide on their novels’ word counts themselves.
D. They should submit novels on their teachers’ recommendation.
59. The passage is mainly aimed at ________.
A. explaining the objectives of an event
B. giving a general introduction to an event
C. illustrating the benefits of novel writing
D. attracting teachers to join a writing program
B
YOUR IMPACT BEGINS TODAY Help us solve our world’s most pressing challenges With your support, we’re driving new knowledge, working to reduce our human footprint on the planet, and inspiring a new generation of changemakers to value the natural world and help create a brighter future. 100% of all donations go directly to our Explorers and programs. We’ve built a sustainable, innovative business model that allows us to invest every dollar you donate directly to our Explorers and programs. When you support the National Geographic Society, not only are you supporting your passion for the planet, but you also help protect its wonder. You ensure our mission lives on so we can continue exploring the planet, saving wildlife, protecting our ocean, empowering the world’s most innovative scientists to help solve the planet’s mysteries and challenges, and preserving our ancient heritage (遗产) for future generations. Your generous contribution will immediately go to work supporting the things you care passionately about — not operating costs.
SUPPORT OUR WORK Tax-free gifts National Geographic Society is a tax-free organization, and we rely on the generosity of donors like you to support our Explorers’ work in science, exploration, education, and storytelling.
Single and monthly donations Make a gift today to help explore and protect our planet. By giving monthly, your reliable support allows us to respond to the most pressing programmatic needs. Employer Matching Gifts Many companies have a matching gift program for employees. You give an amount and your company donates the same. Double your impact by exploring your employer’s matching gift programs. Honor/Memorial Giving Honor a friend or loved one’s passion for science, exploration, education, and storytelling by making an unusual gift in their name.
60. The above webpage is aimed at ________.
A. appealing to people to preserve ancient heritage
B. guiding people to invest in a sustainable business
C. attracting donations to National Geographic Society
D. publicizing the mission of National Geographic Society
61. To make your contribution twice as much, you can ________.
A. support the most pressing employer B. reduce the tax attached to the donation
C. make it a gift in the name of your friend D. try your company’s matching gift programs
62. What can be learned about National Geographic Society
A. It needs no operating costs. B. It is dedicated to protecting nature.
C. Its mission hasn’t been recognized. D. Its employees needn’t pay income tax.
C
More than three billion people rely on the ocean to make a living, most of whom are in developing countries. As the global population increases, the demand for seafood is expected to rise, too.
Although ocean ecosystems are stretched to the limit by climate change, overfishing and more, studies nevertheless suggest that seafood can be expanded sustainably to meet future food demands. Success will depend on small-scale fisheries. These fisheries can be remarkably efficient. Almost everything that hand-to-mouth fisheries catch is consumed. By contrast, around 20% of the fish caught by industrial ships is estimated to be wasted, mainly because of unwanted by-catch.
Small fishers rarely have the right resources to expand their operations, or even to survive. If they do scale up, they might lose some of their current advantages or engage in the same harmful practices as do large commercial fisheries. Managed with care, however, small fisheries could provide win-wins for livelihoods and the environment.
Most nations already have management policies for marine ecosystems that provide for small-scale fisheries. But small-scale fishers’ rights to access are often poorly defined, ineffectively enforced or unfairly distributed (分配). Government subsidies (补贴) also require reform. One estimate found that large-scale fishers receive about 3.5 times more subsidies than small-scale fishers do. Instead, subsidies and other funds should be directed towards small-scale fishers to let them expand their access to markets, while keeping them from adopting the negative practices of large-scale operations.
The total global loss and waste from fisheries is estimated at between 30% and 35% annually primarily due to a lack of technology, good manufacturing practices, and infrastructure such as decent roads and cold storage. Public and private investment in cold-storage facilities and processing equipment could help. One promising strategy is to pair international or national funding with direct contracts for feeding programmes linked to schools, hospitals and similar facilities. Such arrangements would provide small fisheries with large, consistent markets and storage infrastructure that boosts local consumption and does not incentivize (刺激) overfishing.
Moreover, simple incentive programmes could be conducted by funders, managers and local governments trying to promote sustainable fisheries. For example, local markets could display a rating system for individual fishers or small fisheries. This could include various elements of sustainability other than environmental ones — such as providing information on the type of fishing equipment, location of the catch and freshness. Promoting the rating as a social responsibility concept would inform consumers of the need to support sustainable fisheries.
Anyway, only joint problem-solving efforts can deliver seafood protein, sustainably, to a world that increasingly needs it.
63 The passage mainly tells us that ________.
A. small fisheries can help the world if managed with care
B. the global demand for seafood is increasing dramatically
C. small-scale fisheries need to be commercialised urgently
D. people in developing countries are more reliable on fishing
64. Small-scale fisheries are more efficient because ________.
A. what they catch is hardly wasted B. their by-catch accounts for a larger share
C. they catch fish by industrial means D. their operation is limited within a small area
65. What can be inferred about small fisheries’ current situation
A. They gain no support from governments. B. They are expanding to meet local demands.
C. They have little access to good resources. D. They impact marine ecosystems negatively.
66. To promote sustainable fisheries, which of the following is one of the author’s suggestions
A. To initiate a rating system for small fishers to evaluate the local markets.
B. To provide technology for small fisheries to boost their fishing efficiency.
C. To inspire a sense of social responsibility in large-scale fishers and consumers.
D. To facilitate direct cooperation between small fisheries and feeding programmes.
Section C
Directions: Read the following passage. Fill in each blank with a proper sentence given in the box. Each sentence can be used only once. Note that there are two more sentences than you need.
Nightly Sleep Is Key to Student Success
For young adults, college is a time of transition. It may be the first time students have the freedom to determine how to spend their time, but this freedom comes with competing interests from academics, social events and even sleep.
A multi-institutional team of researchers conducted the first study to evaluate how the duration of nightly sleep early in the semester affects first year college students’ end-of-semester grade point average (GPA). Using sleep trackers, they found that students on average sleep 6.5 hours a night, but negative outcomes built up when students received less than six hours of sleep a night. ___67___
David Creswell, the William S. Dietrich II Professor in Psychology and Neuroscience at the Dietrich College of Humanities and Social Sciences, led a team of researchers to evaluate the relationship between sleep and GPA.
“Animal studies have shown how critical sleep is for learning and memory,” said Creswell. “___68___ The less nightly sleep a first-year college student gets at the beginning of the school term predicts lower GPA at the end of the term. Lack of sleep may be hurting students’ ability to learn in their college classrooms.”
___69___ The researchers found that students who receive less than six hours of sleep experienced a pronounced decline in academic performance. In addition, each hour of sleep lost corresponded to (相对应) a 0.07 decrease in end-of-term GPA.
“Once you start dropping below six hours you are starting to add massive sleep debt that can harm a student’s health and study habits, damaging the whole system,” said Creswell. “___70___”
“A popular belief among college students is valuing studying more or partying more over nightly sleep,” said Creswell. “Our work here suggests that there are potentially real costs to reducing your nightly sleep on your ability to learn and achieve in college. There’s real value in budgeting for the importance of nightly sleep.”
A. Here we show how this work translates to humans.
B. Many college students experience irregular and insufficient sleep.
C. The study evaluated more than 600 first-year students across five studies at three universities.
D. Most surprising to me was that no matter what we did to make the effect go away, it persisted.
E. The results are available in the Feb. 13 issue of the Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences.
F. Total nightly sleep is a potentially important and underappreciated behavior supporting academic achievement.
IV. Summary Writing
71. Directions: Read the following passage. Summarize the main idea and the main point(s) of the passage in no more than 60 words. Use your own words as far as possible.
Call a Physical Therapist
You get up from the sofa and - ow! Back pain takes your breath away. Do you reach for the pain pills No! Call a physical therapist instead!
More and more, physical therapy, or PT, is a common go-to for treating aches and pains. A physical therapist can treat almost any injury to give a patient a better quality of life. When it comes to treatment, one size does not fit all. A physical therapist personalizes a treatment plan based on their observations and the patient’s concerns. The goal is to help injured or ill people improve movement and manage pain, so they can live life to the fullest. These therapists work with patients who suffer from back or neck injuries. They help people recover from broken bones and surgeries as well as work- or sports-related injuries. Physical therapists also teach people how to stay in shape and prevent further injuries. Their hands-on (动手的) therapy includes strengthening or stretching exercises, ice or heat and more.
No one can become a physical therapist without getting a doctor of physical therapy degree. After completing it, a person must pass a professional license exam before beginning to practice. Further, being a physical therapist can be mentally and physically draining because of the hands-on, personalized patient care required. A successful physical therapist needs to have great communication skills and an eye for detail. They should also be creative problem solvers as well as resourceful.
For those looking for a satisfying career, PT is one to consider. The demand for the profession is growing faster than that of many other careers. Private clinics and hospitals hire physical therapists. Sports facilities and professional sports teams also employ them. Therapists may work in skilled nursing facilities or visit patients in their own homes. If someone wants to see the world, they may want to become a travel physical therapist.
___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
V. Translation
Directions: Translate the following sentences into English, using the words given in the brackets.
72. 这个保安负责又睿智，让公司避免了损失。(save) (汉译英)
73. 他每月从生活费中留出一笔钱，以防患于未然。(case) (汉译英)
74. 为了吸引听众的注意，这个心理专家在开始讲座前，分享了他自己悲伤却励志的成长故事。(draw) (汉译英)
75. 这个导览机器人在很多方面有了改进，不仅可以为参观者提供需要的信息，甚至还能带他们去目的地。(which) (汉译英)
VI. Guided Writing
76. Directions: Write an English composition in 120—150 words according to the instructions given below in Chinese.
假设你是明启中学高三学生徐晶，学校最近就如何组织好每天上午30分钟的大课间活动征求全校学生的意见。你给负责的王老师写一封电子邮件，内容包括：
1. 有关组织大课间活动的建议；
2. 你的理由。
注意：不要在邮件中提及你的真实姓名和学校等相关信息。
___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________崇明区2023学年第一学期高三第一次模拟考试
英语
（考试时间120分钟，满分140分）
I. Listening Comprehension
Section A
Directions: In Section A, you will hear ten short conversations between two speakers. At the end of each conversation, a question will be asked about what was said. The conversations and the questions will be spoken only once. After you hear a conversation and the question about it, read the four possible answers on your paper, and decide which one is the best answer to the question you have heard.
1. 【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】
A. In a hotel. B. In a bank. C. In a classroom. D. In a box office.
【答案】B
【解析】
【原文】W: Excuse me, but I want to open an account. Shall I fill in this form
M: Yes. You need to fill in a form, but not this one. Go over to that desk and the man there will help you.
Q: Where does the conversation most probably take place
2. 【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】
A. 18:25. B. 18:55. C. 19:05. D. 19:15.
【答案】A
【解析】
【原文】W: As far as I know, the film will start at a quarter to nineteen.
M: Don’t worry. We’ve still got 20 minutes and we can go to the bar and have a drink.
Q: What time is it now
3. 【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】
A. There are different kinds of folders.
B. It doesn’t matter which color she uses.
C. This decision requires careful thought.
D. The color shouldn’t suggest the content.
【答案】B
【解析】
【原文】W: I don’t know which color folder to use, white or brown
M: What difference does it make It’s the content that’s important.
Q: What does the man mean
4. 【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】
A. He doesn’t like the man.
B. He started the semester in a bad mood.
C. He isn’t usually bad-tempered.
D. He’ll be under great pressure next week.
【答案】C
【解析】
【原文】M: What’s wrong with Rob today He shouted at me for no reason.
W: Don’t worry. It’s just the end of the semester pressure. He’ll be his old self next week.
Q: What does the woman say about Rob
5. 【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】
A. Find an apartment soon.
B. Apply for campus housing.
C. Avoid living near the campus.
D. Share the place he’s renting.
【答案】A
【解析】
【原文】M: George needs to find another place to live. The apartment he rents now has been sold to a new owner.
W: He’d better start looking right away. When all the students come back in a few weeks, he won’t find any near the campus.
Q: What does the woman suggest George do
6. 【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】
A. Their plans in the new semester.
B. The items they’re going to deliver.
C. Their part-time jobs in the vacation.
D. The daily routines they share at school.
【答案】C
【解析】
【原文】M: Washing dishes at the cafeteria every day is really boring. There’re still three weeks to go before the new semester.
W: Why don’t you quit and deliver flowers with me
Q: What are the speakers mainly talking about
7. 【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】
A. Buy Daisy a new notebook.
B. Apologize to Daisy again by phone.
C. Go to see Daisy immediately.
D. Leave Daisy alone for the time being.
【答案】D
【解析】
【原文】M: Daisy was annoyed yesterday because I lost her notebook. Should I go to see her and apologize again
W: Well, if I were you, I’d let her cool off a few days before I approach her.
Q: What does the woman suggest the man do
8. 【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】
A. She doesn’t have a computer.
B. She needs to have her computer repaired.
C. She can’t understand the instructions.
D. She has a doctor’s degree in computer science.
【答案】C
【解析】
【原文】M: I see you haven’t got that program to run on your computer yet. Want me to go over the instructional manual with you
W: That would be great. I need a Ph.D. to understand it.
Q: What can be inferred about the woman
9. 【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】
A. He forgot to cancel the reservation.
B. He doesn’t know how to get to the restaurant.
C. They can go to the restaurant late at night.
D. They don’t have a reservation at the restaurant.
【答案】D
【解析】
【原文】W: I’m sorry. I need to work late tonight, so you should probably cancel our reservation at the restaurant.
M: Oh, actually I’ve never got round to making one in the first place.
Q: What does the man mean
10. 【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】
A. He’s willing to help run the experiment.
B. He’s busy working on his own experiment.
C. He can act as a subject in the experiment.
D. He thinks the experiment is hard to understand.
【答案】A
【解析】
【原文】W: You know I’ll be conducting my psychological experiment this Saturday. Could you help me register the subjects
M: I’ve got some work of my own to do. But I guess I can make some time. Just let me know what I’m supposed to do.
Q: What does the man mean
Section B
Directions: In Section B, you will hear two short passages and one longer conversation, and you will be asked several questions on each of them. The passages and the conversation will be read twice, but the questions will be spoken only once. When you hear a question, read the four possible answers on your paper and decide which one is the best answer to the question you have heard.
听下面一段独白，回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】
11.
A. A new educational theory.
B. An innovative try at teaching.
C. A diligent university student.
D. A serious subject in a university.
12.
A. Serious subjects to write about.
B. Fierce competition among students.
C. Happy and cooperative learning.
D. Various topics for students to vote for.
13.
A. Suspicious at first but positive later.
B. Welcome at first but uncertain later.
C. Disapproving at first but shocked later.
D. Excited at first but disappointed later.
【答案】11. B 12. C 13. A
【解析】
【原文】 Maggie, a biology and chemistry student at John Carroll University, never thought that one day she would be in a classroom where an English teacher asked her to play a board game in order to learn about climate change.
Debra Rosenthal is the English professor. At first, Maggie said she was uncertain about Rosenthal’s board game idea. However, Rosenthal thought her students would gain a greater understanding about how their own ideas and experiences affect climate change. After testing the games with some adults, she got permission to buy six copies of a game called Solutions. The goal is to pick cards and then add them to the game board in a way that helps reduce global temperatures. Students do not compete against each other. They work together to choose the best plan of action. The game is different from other board games where the goal is to win. Rosenthal said she hoped the games would give students a chance to talk about climate change in a new way. During most classes, students read material and then discuss their ideas. Students laughed, disagreed and had to call for votes as a way to decide how to move forward in the game. Maggie said it was a “way to have fun...while also learning about such a serious subject.”
Questions:
11. What is the talk mainly about
12. What did Rosenthal’s lessons feature
13. How did Maggie’s attitude toward Rosenthal’s lessons change
听下面一段独白，回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】
14.
A. They are beneficial to his mind.
B. They are helpful to his social relationship.
C. They can boost the toy industry.
D. They can attract attention to older people.
15.
A. They only reduce loneliness.
B. They limit reasoning or thinking abilities.
C. They can’t improve specific skills.
D. They can’t help maintain independent living.
16.
A. The necessity of developing toys for older people.
B. The type of toys that older people are interested in.
C Toy makers’ effort to produce games for older people.
D. Different views on the effects of toys on older people.
【答案】14. A 15. D 16. D
【解析】
原文】Toymakers are developing new games and changing old ones to target a different group: people over 65 years old. Toy producers suggest the products could help older people increase their brain skills as well as reduce loneliness. However, some experts have raised doubts about their claims.
Ben Swartz, 92, lives with his 85-year-old wife in a retirement community. He ran 14 toy stores in the 1970s. He has noticed some of the new offerings from the toy industry, and he approves of the moves. He plays games five days a week with his friends. He said the games help his mind, otherwise, he would worry that his “mind would start to go a little bit slow.”
While some scientists welcome toymakers paying attention to older buyers, they also warn of these products’ limitations. Neil Charness and Walter Boot, both of Florida State University, worked together to test the idea that brain games help preserve mental abilities such as reasoning or thinking. They found that people get better in the specific skills of the game if they play over and over again. But the games do not translate to mental abilities needed for everyday living activities, like maintaining independent living. The researchers also said that there is limited evidence to date that playing games can greatly reduce loneliness.
Questions:
14. What does Ben Swartz think of the toys for older people
15. What did some scientists find about the toys targeting old people
16. What is the talk mainly about
听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】
17. A. A ghost story. B. The bears’ habits. C. A scary movie. D. The camping atmosphere.
18.
A. They may get lost in the dark.
B. Their food may be stolen by bears.
C. Bears may mistake her for food.
D. There may appear ghosts in the woods.
19.
A. Teach her wilderness first aid skills.
B. Share his rich camping experiences.
C. Guide her to breathe fresh air deeply.
D. Distract her attention with ghost stories.
20.
A. He dislikes watching movies.
B. He’s fond of being exposed to nature.
C. He’s got little experience in camping.
D. He believes there are no bears in the woods.
【答案】17. D 18. C 19. D 20. B
【解析】
【原文】W: Roger, don’t you think being out in the woods at night is pretty scary
M: Not at all. Isn’t it great being out in nature I love breathing the fresh air and exercising.
W: Sure ... I guess it’s not so bad. You don’t think there are bears in these woods, do you
M: Of course there are! But don’t worry, bears are pretty shy and won’t hurt us. They only want to eat our food.
W: But what if the bears think that I am food
M: Don’t worry, Daphne, I know wilderness first aid. And I can tell ghost stories to take your mind off the bears.
W: Ghost stories It’s already pretty scary being out here in the dark.
M: Oh, there is nothing to be afraid of out here! You’re not scared of the dark, are you
W: Of course I’m not afraid of the dark. What I’m afraid of are all the things that are hiding out there in the dark! I keep hearing really strange noises out in the dark! Can you hear them
M: Calm down, Daphne! It’s just the wind! I don’t think you’re cut out for camping.
W: I know. Next time you want to do something fun, let’s do something in the city. I’ll be happy to buy you movie tickets as long as we don’t have to go camping again.
Questions:
17. What are the two speakers talking about
18. What is the woman worried about
19. What does the man intend to do to help the woman forget her worry
20 What can be learned about the man from the conversation
II. Grammar and Vocabulary
Section A
Directions: After reading the passage below, fill in the blanks to make the passage coherent and grammatically correct. For the blanks with a given word, fill in each blank with the proper form of the given word; for the other blanks, use one word that best fits each blank.
Life May Actually Flash Before Your Eyes on Death
New data from a scientific “accident” has suggested that life may actually flash before our eyes as we die.
A team of scientists set out to measure the brainwaves of an 87-year-old patient who ___21___ (develop) epilepsy (癫痫) for many years. But during the neurological (神经学的) recording, he suffered a fatal heart attack, ___22___ (offer) an unexpected recording of a dying brain.
It revealed that in the 30 seconds before and after, the man’s brainwaves followed the same patterns as dreaming or recalling memories. Brain activity of this sort could suggest that a final “recall of life” may occur in a person’s last moments, the team wrote in their study, ___23___ (publish) in Frontiers in Aging Neuroscience on Tuesday.
Dr Ajmal Zemmar, a co-author of the study, said that what the team, then based in Vancouver, Canada, accidentally got, ___24___ (consider) the first-ever recording of a dying brain. So will we get a glimpse back at those moments ___25___ we stayed with loved ones and other happy memories Dr Zemmar said it was impossible ___26___ (tell). “If I were to jump to the philosophical area, I would guess that if the brain did a flashback, it would probably like to remind you of good things, rather than the bad things,” he said. “But ___27___ is memorable would be different for every person.”
Dr Zemmar, now a neurosurgeon at the University of Louisville, said in the 30 seconds ___28___ the patient’s heart stopped supplying blood to the brain, his brainwaves followed the same patterns as when we carry out high-cognitive demanding (高认知要求的) tasks, like concentrating, dreaming or recalling memories. It continued 30 seconds after the patient’s heart stopped beating. “I think there’s ___29___ mysterious and spiritual about this whole near-death experience,” Dr Zemmar said. “And findings like this — it’s a moment ___30___ scientists live for.”
【答案】21. had developed
22. offering
23 published
24. was considered
25. when 26. to tell
27. what 28. before
29. something
30. that##which
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。主要介绍了科学家的一项新发现，即当人们死亡的时候，人的一生会在眼前闪过。
【21题详解】
考查时态。句意：一组科学家开始测量一名患有癫痫多年的87岁患者的脑电波。根据句中set以及后句中suffered可知，本句使用一般过去时，分析句子结构可知，who引导修饰先行词patient的定语从句，并在句中作主语，空处作谓语，且develop发生在set out之前，为“过去的过去”，故用过去完成时。故填had developed。
【22题详解】
考查非谓语动词。句意：但在神经系统记录中，他致命的心脏病发作，意外地记录了一个垂死的大脑。分析句子结构可知，suffered在句中作谓语，offer作非谓语，且与逻辑主语he构成逻辑上的主谓关系，故用现在分词作状语。故填offering。
【23题详解】
考查非谓语动词。句意：该团队在周二发表在《衰老神经科学前沿》上的研究中写道，这种大脑活动可能表明，一个人生命的最后时刻可能会发生最后的“生命回忆”。分析句子结构可知，publish在句中作后置定语，且与被修饰词study构成逻辑上的被动关系，应用过去分词形式作定语。故填published。
【24题详解】
考查时态语态和主谓一致。句意：该研究的合著者Ajmal Zemmar博士说，当时驻扎在加拿大温哥华的研究小组意外得到的东西被认为是有史以来第一份关于垂死的大脑的记录。根据句中said 可知，空处应用一般过去时，分析句子结构可知，在that引导的宾语从句中，what the team, then based in Vancouver, Canada, accidentally got作主语，空处应作谓语，且与句子主语构成被动关系，应用被动语态，从句在句中作主语，be动词应用was。故填was considered。
【25题详解】
考查定语从句。句意：所以我们可以重温那些和亲人在一起的时刻和其他美好的回忆吗？分析句子结构可知，空处引导限制性定语从句，修饰先行词moments，先行词指时间，且关系词在定语从句中作时间状语，故应用关系副词when。故填when。
【26题详解】
考查非谓语动词。句意：Zemmar博士说这是不可能辨别的。分析句子结构可知，it在宾语从句中作形式主语，后面应用动词不定式作真正的主语。故填to tell。
【27题详解】
考查主语从句。句意：但是，对于每个人来说，难忘的东西是不同的。分析句子结构可知，空处引导主语从句，且在主语从句中作主语，根据句意应指难忘的东西，应用what引导从句。故填what。
【28题详解】
考查连词。句意：Zemmar博士现在是路易斯维尔大学的神经外科医生，他说，在患者心脏停止向大脑供血的前30秒内，他的脑电波遵循与我们进行高认知要求任务时相同的模式，如集中注意力、做梦或回忆。空处引导时间状语从句，根据第一段“New data from a scientific “accident” has suggested that life may actually flash before our eyes as we die.”可知，科学家们研究的是在人们快要死亡的时候的脑电波，也就是在心脏停止向大脑供血的前30秒，空处应用before，表示“在……之前”。故填before。
【29题详解】
考查代词。句意：“我认为这整个濒死体验中有一些神秘和精神方面的东西，”Zemmar博士说。结合语意可知，此处表示“一些神秘和精神方面的东西”，空处应用不定代词something，表示“某些东西”。故填something。
【30题详解】
考查定语从句。句意：像这样的发现——这是科学家们为之而活的时刻。分析句子结构可知，空处引导定语从句，修饰先行词moment，先行词指物，且关系词在定语从句中作宾语，故用关系代词that/which。故填that/which。
Section B
Directions: After reading the passage below, fill in each blank with a proper word given in the box. Each word can only be used once. Note that there is one word more than you need.
A. advantage B. anticipating C. digitally D. facilitating E. geometry F. giant G. initiated H. painstakingly I. potentially J. reopened K. sought
How Digital Modeling Plays a Key Role in Restoring the Notre Dame Cathedral (巴黎圣母院)
It’s been more than four years since a fire damaged Notre Dame, the Catholic cathedral in Paris that’s historically drawn millions of visitors every year.
Since then, people from around the world have united to support an effort, ___31___ by French President, that’s intended to have the building back open to the public by the end of next year. Teams working to restore the Gothic cathedral have ___32___ to rebuild much of the damaged sections using materials like oak wood (橡木) and stone that have stood the test of centuries.
But the builders, architects and engineers do have the ___33___ of some 21st century technologies, including modern building information modeling (BIM) software that enables them to work with a(n) ___34___ detailed 3D digital model of the cathedral and surrounding site, backed by powerful cloud computing technology.
“It allows you to really understand a lot of how a building fits together, how it’s constructed,” says Andrew Anagnost, CEO of design software ___35___ Autodesk. It has contributed technical consulting, software and financial assistance to the project since shortly after the fire. A digital model, which took more than a year to create, includes more than 12,000 objects.
It was a complex process. Onsite workers captured the point-by-point 3D ___36___ of the cathedral with laser (激光) and photo equipment. Then, others turned the data points from that process into detailed shapes and objects, down to individual building stones. That let experts see how the building shifted in the fire — important for ___37___ any stability issues — and plan out the process of reconstruction.
“It’s like Mission: Impossible when they plan,” says Nicolas Mangon, VP of architecture, engineering and construction industry strategy at Autodesk. “Every little piece is done ___38___, and with the 3D model you can simulate (模拟) everything.”
Even when the cathedral is ___39___, the model may still serve important roles. Mangon says the company is currently in discussions about using it to manage aspects of the complex going forward, ___40___ using sensors that could show the exact location of any future fires.
【答案】31. G 32. K
33. A 34. H
35. F 36. E
37. B 38. C
39. J 40. I
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了数字建模如何在修复巴黎圣母院中发挥关键作用。
【31题详解】
考查动词。句意：从那以后，世界各地的人们联合起来支持一项由法国总统发起的努力，该努力的目的是在明年年底之前让这座建筑重新向公众开放。根据“by French President”以及句意“发起”可知应填过去分词initiated，作定语修饰effort。故选G。
【32题详解】
考查动词。句意：修复这座哥特式大教堂的团队试图用橡木和石头等经受了几个世纪考验的材料重建大部分受损部分。根据“to rebuild much of the damaged sections using materials like oak wood”以及句意“试图”可知应填动词的过去分词形式sought，与空前的have构成现在完成时。故选K。
【33题详解】
考查名词。句意：但建筑商、建筑师和工程师确实拥有一些21世纪技术的优势，包括现代建筑信息模型(BIM)软件，该软件使他们能够在强大的云计算技术的支持下，对大教堂及其周边地区进行精心制作的3D数字模型。根据“including modern building information modeling (BIM) software”以及句意“优势”可知应填名词advantage，作宾语。故选A。
【34题详解】
考查副词。句意：但建筑商、建筑师和工程师确实拥有一些21世纪技术的优势，包括现代建筑信息模型(BIM)软件，该软件使他们能够在强大的云计算技术的支持下，对大教堂及其周边地区进行精心制作的3D数字模型。根据“detailed 3D digital model of the cathedral”以及句意“精心制作的”可知应填副词painstakingly，修饰detailed。故选H。
【35题详解】
考查形容词。句意：设计软件巨头欧特克(Autodesk)的首席执行官Andrew Anagnost表示：“它让你真正了解一栋建筑是如何组合在一起的，以及它是如何建造的。”根据“CEO of design software”以及句意“巨头”可知应填形容词giant，故选F。
【36题详解】
考查名词。句意：现场工作人员用激光和摄影设备逐点拍摄了大教堂的3D几何形状。根据“of the cathedral with laser and photo equipment”以及句意“几何”可知应填名词geometry，作宾语。故选E。
【37题详解】
考查动词。句意：这让专家们看到了这座建筑在火灾中是如何移动的——这对预测任何稳定性问题都很重要——并规划出重建过程。根据“any stability issues — and plan out the process of reconstruction”以及句意“预测”可知应填anticipate，作介词的宾语，应用动名词形式。故选B。
【38题详解】
考查副词。句意：“每一个小部件都是数字化的，有了3D模型，你可以模拟一切。”根据“with the 3D model”以及句意“数字化”可知应填副词digitally，修饰动词done。故选C。
【39题详解】
考查动词。句意：即使大教堂重新开放，该模型仍可能发挥重要作用。根据“Even when the cathedral is”以及句意“重新开放”可知应填动词的过去分词形式，与空前的is构成一般现在时的被动语态。故选J。
【40题详解】
考查副词。句意：曼贡说，该公司目前正在讨论用它来管理未来综合体的各个方面，可能会使用传感器来显示未来任何火灾的确切位置。根据“Mangon says the company is currently in discussions about using it to manage aspects of the complex going forward”以及句意“可能”可知应填副词potentially，修饰动词use。故选I。
III. Reading Comprehension
Section A
Directions: For each blank in the following passage there are four words or phrases marked A, B, C and D. Fill in each blank with the word or phrase that best fits the context.
Sea levels along coastlines in the United States will rise about one foot by 2050, with larger increases on the East and Gulf coasts, according to a comprehensive new report by climate scientists.
Oceans have already risen about one foot in the last century, as climate change melts glaciers (冰川) and ice caps around the world. But the pace is ___41___ scientists warn, and the next 30 years will see the same amount of sea level rise as the previous 100.
The report gives the most concrete and certain sea level ___42___ ever published for the U.S. And advances in computer models and real-world information about rising seas make it possible to see the future more ___43___ than ever.
Sea level rise ___44___ dramatically for different parts of the U.S. coast. The ocean is not like a bucket of water that rises at the same time as more liquid is ___45___. Ocean ___46___ push more water into some areas than others. Ice in different regions melts at different rates. In many parts of the world, sea level rise is ___47___ because coastal land is sinking.
The new report adds up all those factors to give ___48___ estimates for different parts of the U.S. The authors predict about a foot and a half of sea level rise for the Gulf Coast by 2050, with particular hot spots from Texas to Mississippi, where exploitation of underground oil, gas and drinking water is causing the land to rapidly ___49___ into the rising ocean water. There are ___50___ hot spots in the Mid-Atlantic region, including Annapolis, Md. and Norfolk, Va. Overall, the East Coast is ___51___ to experience a little more than a foot of sea level rise in the next 30 years.
Sea level rise is happening more ___52___ on the West Coast, including much of southern and western Alaska, the report finds. The authors predict about six inches of sea level rise by 2050.
William Sweet, a sea level rise expert with the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA) and one of the authors of the new report, says cities that are not yet flooded should ___53___ now. Quickening sea level rise may require that humans ___54___ where and how we build homes, offices, roads and anything else that is better dry than wet. Right now, development in flood-prone (易发洪水的) areas is increasing, despite climate change.
Beyond 2050, the report makes clear that humans have a ___55___: reduce greenhouse gas emissions and control sea level rise, or keep burning fossil fuels and face oceans that are two, three or even 10 feet higher than today.
41. A. dying down B. paying back C. holding on D. speeding up
42. A. records B. extremes C. predictions D. solutions
43. A. flexibly B. clearly C. randomly D. incredibly
44. A. continues B. impacts C. multiplies D. varies
45. A. added B. drained C. spilt D. needed
46. A. creatures B. currents C. ecosystems D. voyages
47. A. stable B. crucial C. unlikely D. worse
48. A. national B. regional C. apparent D. approximate
49. A. dig B. turn C. collapse D. dive
50. A. similar B. scenery C. distant D. diverse
51. A. projected B. obliged C. permitted D. noticed
52. A. sharply B. mysteriously C. unexpectedly D. slowly
53. A. make sense B. take notice C. keep pace D. stay proud
54. A. scheme B. cancel C. change D. delay
55. A. promise B. quarrel C. choice D. protest
【答案】41. D 42. C 43. B 44. D 45. A 46. B 47. D 48. B 49. C 50. A 51. A 52. D 53. B 54. C 55. C
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要讲述了根据气候科学家的一份综合新报告，到2050年，美国海岸线的海平面将上升约一英尺。在这个过程中，虽然各个地区的海平面上升程度不同，但是东部和海湾海岸的海平面上升幅度会更大。
【41题详解】
考查动词短语辨析。句意：但科学家警告称，海平面上升的速度正在加快，未来30年的海平面上升幅度将与前100年持平。A. dying down逐渐衰弱；B. paying back偿还；C. holding on抓住；D. speeding up加速。根据下文“and the next 30 years will see the same amount of sea level rise as the previous 100”可知，接下来30年的海平面上升速度和前100的速度持平，说明海平面的上升速度在加快。故选D。
【42题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：该报告给出了美国有史以来最具体、最确定的海平面预测。A. records记录；B. extremes极端；C. predictions预测；D. solutions解决方案。根据下文“And advances in computer models and real-world information about rising seas”可知，这份报告是基于计算机模型和海平面上升的真实信息做出的预测，这次预测非常确定而且具体。故选C。
【43题详解】
考查副词词义辨析。句意：计算机模型和有关海平面上升的真实世界信息的进步使我们有可能比以往任何时候都更清楚地看到未来。A. flexibly灵活地；B. clearly清楚地；C. randomly随机地；D. incredibly难以置信地。根据上文“The report gives the most concrete and certain sea level ___2___ ever published for the U.S.”可知，这次的预测是最确定，并且最具体的，说明这次预测能够让人们更清楚的看到未来。故选B。
【44题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：美国海岸不同地区的海平面上升差异很大。A. continues继续；B. impacts影响；C. multiplies乘以；D. varies(大小、形状等)相异。根据下文“Ice in different regions melts at different rates.”可知，不同区域的冰融化的程度不同，所以美国海岸不同地区的海平面上升的差异是很大的。故选D。
【45题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：海洋不像一桶水在添加更多液体的同时上升。A. added加上；B. drained排干；C. spilt溢出；D. needed需要。根据句中“like a bucket of water that rises at the same time”可知，桶里的水上升是因为液体被加入到了桶里。故选A。
【46题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：洋流将比其他地区更多的水推入某些地区。A. creatures生物；B. currents水流；C. ecosystems生态系统；D. voyages航程。根据常识以及空后“push more water into some areas than others”可知，洋流推动了海洋的水流动，将比其他地区更多的水推入某些地区。故选B。
【47题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：在世界许多地方，海平面上升的情况更糟，因为沿海土地正在下沉。A. stable稳定的；B. crucial关键的；C. unlikely不太可能的；D. worse更糟的。根据空后“because coastal land is sinking”可知，海平面在上升，而有些沿海的土地正在下沉，所以让情况变得更糟糕。故选D。
【48题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：新报告将所有这些因素相加，得出了美国不同地区的区域估计。A. national国家的；B. regional区域的；C. apparent显然的；D. approximate大约的。根据下文“There are ___10___ hot spots in the Mid-Atlantic region, including Annapolis, Md. and Norfolk, Va.”可知，这份报告把所有的因素相加，对美国不同的地区做出评估，得出了结论。故选B。
【49题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：作者预测，到2050年，墨西哥湾沿岸的海平面将上升约1.5英尺，特别是从得克萨斯州到密西西比州的热点地区，那里的地下石油、天然气和饮用水的开采正在导致土地迅速坍塌到不断上升的海水中。A. dig挖；B. turn转动；C. collapse塌陷；D. dive潜水。根据空前的“exploitation of underground oil, gas and drinking water ”可知，地下石油、天然气和饮用水的开采会导致该区域的土地坍塌。故选C。
【50题详解】
考查形容词或名词词义辨析。句意：大西洋中部地区也有类似的热点地区，包括马里兰州安纳波利斯和弗吉尼亚州诺福克。A. similar类似的；B. scenery风景；C. distant远处的；D. diverse多种多样的。根据上文“The authors predict about a foot and a half of sea level rise for the Gulf Coast by 2050, with particular hot spots from Texas to Mississippi, where exploitation of underground oil, gas and drinking water is causing the land to rapidly ___9___ into the rising ocean water.”可知，墨西哥湾沿岸的海平面将上升约1.5英尺，特别是从得克萨斯州到密西西比州的热点地区，那里的地下石油、天然气和饮用水的开采正在导致土地迅速坍塌到不断上升的海水中，而且在大西洋中部地区也有类似的热点地区，也就是说在这里也有海平面快速上升的情况。故选A。
【51题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：总体而言，预计未来30年东海岸的海平面将上升一英尺多一点。A. projected计划；B. obliged义务；C. permitted允许；D. noticed注意到。根据句中“in the next 30 years”可知，在未来的30年，东海岸的海平面预计上升一英尺多一点。be projected to do sth.“预计做某事”。故选A。
【52题详解】
考查副词词义辨析。句意：报告发现，西海岸的海平面上升速度较慢，包括阿拉斯加南部和西部的大部分地区。A. sharply急剧地；B. mysteriously神秘地；C. unexpectedly出乎意料的是；D. slowly慢速地。根据下文“The authors predict about six inches of sea level rise by 2050. ”可知，作者预测，到2050年，海平面将上升约6英寸，说明西海岸的海平面上升速度比东海岸慢。故选D。
【53题详解】
考查动词短语辨析。句意：美国国家海洋和大气管理局（NOAA）的海平面上升专家、新报告的作者之一William Sweet表示，尚未被洪水淹没的城市现在应该注意了。A. make sense有道理；B. take notice注意；C. keep pace保持配速；D. stay proud保持自豪。根据下文“Quickening sea level rise may require that humans ___14___ where and how we build homes, offices, roads and anything else that is better dry than wet.”可知，没有被洪水淹没的城市也应该注意，在建造房屋等建筑物时需要改变地点以及建筑的方式。故选B。
【54题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：加速上升的海平面可能需要人类改变我们在何处以及如何建造房屋、办公室、道路和其他任何干燥而不潮湿的地方。A. scheme认为；B. cancel取消；C. change改变；D. delay延迟。根据句中“Quickening sea level rise”可知，加速上升的海平面可能会改变人们建筑的方式和地点。故选C。
【55题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：该报告明确指出，在2050年之后，人类有一个选择：减少温室气体排放，控制海平面上升，或者继续燃烧化石燃料，面对比今天高出2、3甚至10英尺的海洋。A. promise承诺；B. quarrel争吵；C. choice选择；D. protest抗议。根据下文“reduce greenhouse gas emissions and control sea level rise, or keep burning fossil fuels and face oceans that are two, three or even 10 feet higher than today”可知，减少温室气体排放，控制海平面上升，或者继续燃烧化石燃料，面对比今天高出2、3甚至10英尺的海洋，这是人类面临的一个选择。故选C。
Section B
Directions: Read the following three passages. Each passage is followed by several questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. Choose the one that fits best according to the information given in the passage you have just read.
A
Most teachers assign novels for students to read not write. But many teachers nationwide are not only asking students to read novels but also giving them a month to write them. Yes, you read that right: one month.
However, students participating in November’s National Novel Writing Month (NaNoWriMo) do not complain about being overworked. Instead, they have been known to ask, “Can we work on our novels today ” That’s because, above all, NaNoWriMo is meant to be fun. An exercise in “seat-of-your-pants” novel writing, it has almost no rules.
The Office of Letters and Light is the nonprofit behind the event. It believes this carefree approach encourages writers to take imaginative risks and truly enjoy their work. Founded in 1999, the adult version of the event requires only that you commit yourself to making an attempt at novel writing and submitting a novel of 50,000 words, no matter how good or bad they are, by the end of November.
Since 2005, NaNoWriMo has entered many classrooms, including those of National Writing Project teachers, through its Young Writers Program. In addition, teachers receive a classroom kit featuring a progress chart, stickers to mark word counts, and buttons for writers who cross the finish line.
About 1,800 classrooms and 45,000 kids and teens participated last year. The rules for under-18 writers are the same as those for adults. But there is one important exception: young writers can pick their own “reasonable yet challenging” word length. If a student elects to write, say, 18,000 words and achieves this goal in a month, he or she is a winner. Awards include a “handsome winner’s certificate” and a promotional code to receive a free bound proof copy of the finished novel.
The Young Writers Program also facilitates Script Frenzy, a similar scriptwriting (剧本写作) event that happens each April and challenges participants to write a 100-page script in 30 days.
While young writers work primarily as individuals, teachers are also encouraged to write along with them.
56. It can be inferred that students usually ________ after participating in NaNoWriMo.
A. enjoy themselves B. overload themselves C. look courageous D. become distracted
57. By “seat-of-your-pants” in paragraph 2, the author means ________.
A. the novel writing activity gives its participants pants as awards
B. the participants have to stick on their seats for long writing novels
C. the participants are free to write whatever novels they can imagine
D. the novel writing activity needs new rules for participants to follow
58. What can be learned about the rules for adolescent writers
A. They should cross the finish line before participating.
B. They can lengthen the duration of their writing process.
C. They can decide on their novels’ word counts themselves.
D. They should submit novels on their teachers’ recommendation.
59. The passage is mainly aimed at ________.
A. explaining the objectives of an event
B. giving a general introduction to an event
C. illustrating the benefits of novel writing
D. attracting teachers to join a writing program
【答案】56. A 57. C 58. C 59. B
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇新闻报道。文章主要介绍了全国小说写作月活动的相关情况，该活动鼓励学生尽情发挥想象力，享受写作的乐趣，充分发挥学生的写作自由。
【56题详解】
推理判断题。根据第二段的“That’s because, above all, NaNoWriMo is meant to be fun. (首先，这是因为NaNoWriMo旨在为学生带来快乐。)”可知，学生在参加NaNoWriMo后通常会感到开心。故选A。
【57题详解】
词句猜测题。根据第二段的“it has almost no rules (几乎没有任何规则) ”可知，该小说写作练习没有规则限制学生，结合选项可知，则“参与者可以自由地写任何他们能想到的小说”能够解释seat-of-your-pants。故选C。
【58题详解】
细节理解题。根据第五段的“The rules for under-18 writers are the same as those for adults. But there is one important exception: young writers can pick their own “reasonable yet challenging” word length. (年轻作者可以选择自己的合理但具有挑战性的单词数量。)”可知，青少年作者可以自己决定所写的小说的字数。故选C。
【59题详解】
推理判断题。根据第一段的“Most teachers assign novels for students to read not write. But many teachers nationwide are not only asking students to read novels but also giving them a month to write them. Yes, you read that right: one month. However, students participating in November’s National Novel Writing Month (NaNoWriMo) do not complain about being overworked. Instead, they have been known to ask, “Can we work on our novels today ” That’s because, above all, NaNoWriMo is meant to be fun. An exercise in “seat-of-your-pants” novel writing, it has almost no rules. (大多数老师布置小说让学生读而不是写。但是全国也有许多老师不仅要求学生读小说，而且给他们一个月的时间来写小说。是的，你没看错：一个月。然而，参加11月全国小说写作月的学生们并没有抱怨过度劳累。相反，他们会问：“我们今天能写小说吗 ” 首先，这是因为NaNoWriMo旨在为学生带来快乐。它是一种“凭感觉”进行的小说写作练习，几乎没有任何规则。)”可知，文章主要讲述了全国小说写作月活动的相关情况，该活动鼓励学生尽情发挥想象力，享受写作的乐趣，充分发挥学生的写作自由，即这篇文章主要是对一场活动做一般性的介绍。故选B。
B
YOUR IMPACT BEGINS TODAY Help us solve our world’s most pressing challenges With your support, we’re driving new knowledge, working to reduce our human footprint on the planet, and inspiring a new generation of changemakers to value the natural world and help create a brighter future. 100% of all donations go directly to our Explorers and programs. We’ve built a sustainable, innovative business model that allows us to invest every dollar you donate directly to our Explorers and programs. When you support the National Geographic Society, not only are you supporting your passion for the planet, but you also help protect its wonder. You ensure our mission lives on so we can continue exploring the planet, saving wildlife, protecting our ocean, empowering the world’s most innovative scientists to help solve the planet’s mysteries and challenges, and preserving our ancient heritage (遗产) for future generations. Your generous contribution will immediately go to work supporting the things you care passionately about — not operating costs.
SUPPORT OUR WORK Tax-free gifts National Geographic Society is a tax-free organization, and we rely on the generosity of donors like you to support our Explorers’ work in science, exploration, education, and storytelling.
Single and monthly donations Make a gift today to help explore and protect our planet. By giving monthly, your reliable support allows us to respond to the most pressing programmatic needs. Employer Matching Gifts Many companies have a matching gift program for employees. You give an amount and your company donates the same. Double your impact by exploring your employer’s matching gift programs. Honor/Memorial Giving Honor a friend or loved one’s passion for science, exploration, education, and storytelling by making an unusual gift in their name.
60. The above webpage is aimed at ________.
A. appealing to people to preserve ancient heritage
B. guiding people to invest in a sustainable business
C. attracting donations to National Geographic Society
D. publicizing the mission of National Geographic Society
61. To make your contribution twice as much, you can ________.
A. support the most pressing employer B. reduce the tax attached to the donation
C. make it a gift in the name of your friend D. try your company’s matching gift programs
62. What can be learned about National Geographic Society
A. It needs no operating costs. B. It is dedicated to protecting nature.
C. Its mission hasn’t been recognized. D. Its employees needn’t pay income tax.
【答案】60. C 61. D 62. B
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇应用文。文章主要是一则关于为国家地理学会捐款的告示，介绍了这个组织的目的以及捐款的好处。
【60题详解】
推理判断题。根据文中“We’ve built a sustainable, innovative business model that allows us to invest every dollar you donate directly to our Explorers and programs.(我们已经建立了一个可持续的、创新的商业模式，使我们能够将您捐赠的每一美元直接投资于我们的探索者和项目)”以及“Your generous contribution will immediately go to work supporting the things you care passionately about — not operating costs.(您的慷慨捐助将立即用于支持您热衷的事情，而不是运营成本)”可推知，上述网页旨在为国家地理学会吸引捐款。故选C。
【61题详解】
细节理解题。根据文中“You give an amount and your company donates the same. Double your impact by exploring your employer’s matching gift programs.(你捐出一笔钱，你的公司也会捐出同样的钱。通过探索雇主的配对礼物计划来扩大你的影响力)”可知，如果你的捐款是原来的两倍，你可以试试公司的配对礼物计划。故选D。
【62题详解】
细节理解题。根据文中“When you support the National Geographic Society, not only are you supporting your passion for the planet, but you also help protect its wonder. You ensure our mission lives on so we can continue exploring the planet, saving wildlife, protecting our ocean, empowering the world’s most innovative scientists to help solve the planet’s mysteries and challenges, and preserving our ancient heritage (遗产) for future generations.(当你支持国家地理学会时，你不仅支持你对地球的热情，而且还帮助保护了它的奇迹。你们确保我们的使命得以延续，这样我们才能继续探索地球，拯救野生动物，保护海洋，让世界上最具创新精神的科学家帮助解决地球上的谜团和挑战，并为子孙后代保护我们的古老遗产)”可知，国家地理学会致力于保护自然。故选B。
C
More than three billion people rely on the ocean to make a living, most of whom are in developing countries. As the global population increases, the demand for seafood is expected to rise, too.
Although ocean ecosystems are stretched to the limit by climate change, overfishing and more, studies nevertheless suggest that seafood can be expanded sustainably to meet future food demands. Success will depend on small-scale fisheries. These fisheries can be remarkably efficient. Almost everything that hand-to-mouth fisheries catch is consumed. By contrast, around 20% of the fish caught by industrial ships is estimated to be wasted, mainly because of unwanted by-catch.
Small fishers rarely have the right resources to expand their operations, or even to survive. If they do scale up, they might lose some of their current advantages or engage in the same harmful practices as do large commercial fisheries. Managed with care, however, small fisheries could provide win-wins for livelihoods and the environment.
Most nations already have management policies for marine ecosystems that provide for small-scale fisheries. But small-scale fishers’ rights to access are often poorly defined, ineffectively enforced or unfairly distributed (分配). Government subsidies (补贴) also require reform. One estimate found that large-scale fishers receive about 3.5 times more subsidies than small-scale fishers do. Instead, subsidies and other funds should be directed towards small-scale fishers to let them expand their access to markets, while keeping them from adopting the negative practices of large-scale operations.
The total global loss and waste from fisheries is estimated at between 30% and 35% annually primarily due to a lack of technology, good manufacturing practices, and infrastructure such as decent roads and cold storage. Public and private investment in cold-storage facilities and processing equipment could help. One promising strategy is to pair international or national funding with direct contracts for feeding programmes linked to schools, hospitals and similar facilities. Such arrangements would provide small fisheries with large, consistent markets and storage infrastructure that boosts local consumption and does not incentivize (刺激) overfishing.
Moreover, simple incentive programmes could be conducted by funders, managers and local governments trying to promote sustainable fisheries. For example, local markets could display a rating system for individual fishers or small fisheries. This could include various elements of sustainability other than environmental ones — such as providing information on the type of fishing equipment, location of the catch and freshness. Promoting the rating as a social responsibility concept would inform consumers of the need to support sustainable fisheries.
Anyway, only joint problem-solving efforts can deliver seafood protein, sustainably, to a world that increasingly needs it.
63. The passage mainly tells us that ________.
A. small fisheries can help the world if managed with care
B. the global demand for seafood is increasing dramatically
C. small-scale fisheries need to be commercialised urgently
D. people in developing countries are more reliable on fishing
64. Small-scale fisheries are more efficient because ________.
A. what they catch is hardly wasted B. their by-catch accounts for a larger share
C. they catch fish by industrial means D. their operation is limited within a small area
65. What can be inferred about small fisheries’ current situation
A. They gain no support from governments. B. They are expanding to meet local demands.
C. They have little access to good resources. D. They impact marine ecosystems negatively.
66. To promote sustainable fisheries, which of the following is one of the author’s suggestions
A. To initiate a rating system for small fishers to evaluate the local markets.
B. To provide technology for small fisheries to boost their fishing efficiency.
C. To inspire a sense of social responsibility in large-scale fishers and consumers.
D. To facilitate direct cooperation between small fisheries and feeding programmes.
【答案】63. A 64. A 65. C 66. D
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要说明了如果管理得当，小型渔业可以帮助世界。文章解释了小型渔业效率更高，因为他们捕获的东西几乎不会被浪费，但其生存也存在一些挑战，作者对此也给出了建议。
【63题详解】
主旨大意题。根据第二段“Although ocean ecosystems are stretched to the limit by climate change, overfishing and more, studies nevertheless suggest that seafood can be expanded sustainably to meet future food demands. Success will depend on small-scale fisheries. These fisheries can be remarkably efficient. Almost everything that hand-to-mouth fisheries catch is consumed. By contrast, around 20% of the fish caught by industrial ships is estimated to be wasted, mainly because of unwanted by-catch.(尽管由于气候变化、过度捕捞等原因，海洋生态系统已经达到极限，但研究表明，海产品可以可持续地扩大，以满足未来的粮食需求。成功与否将取决于小规模渔业。这些渔场非常有效率。几乎所有的人工捕捞的渔获物被消耗掉。相比之下，据估计，工业船只捕获的鱼中约有20%被浪费了，主要是由于不必要的副渔获物)”结合文章解释了小型渔业效率更高，因为他们捕获的东西几乎不会被浪费，但其生存也存在一些挑战，作者对此也给出了建议。可知，这篇文章主要告诉我们，如果管理得当，小型渔业可以帮助世界。故选A。
【64题详解】
细节理解题。根据第二段“Success will depend on small-scale fisheries. These fisheries can be remarkably efficient. Almost everything that hand-to-mouth fisheries catch is consumed. By contrast, around 20% of the fish caught by industrial ships is estimated to be wasted, mainly because of unwanted by-catch.(成功与否将取决于小规模渔业。这些渔场非常有效率。几乎所有的人工捕捞的渔获物被消耗掉。相比之下，据估计，工业船只捕获的鱼中约有20%被浪费了，主要是由于不必要的副渔获物)”可知，小规模渔业效率更高，因为他们捕获的东西几乎不会被浪费。故选A。
【65题详解】
推理判断题。根据第三段“Small fishers rarely have the right resources to expand their operations, or even to survive. If they do scale up, they might lose some of their current advantages or engage in the same harmful practices as do large commercial fisheries.(小渔民很少有适当的资源来扩大他们的业务，甚至生存。如果它们确实扩大规模，它们可能会失去目前的一些优势，或者从事与大型商业渔业相同的有害做法)”和第四段“One estimate found that large-scale fishers receive about 3.5 times more subsidies than small-scale fishers do.(一项估计发现，大型渔民获得的补贴大约是小型渔民的3.5倍)”可知，小型渔场的现状是很少有机会获得好的资源。故选C。
【66题详解】
细节理解题。根据倒数第三段“One promising strategy is to pair international or national funding with direct contracts for feeding programmes linked to schools, hospitals and similar facilities.(一个有希望的策略是将国际或国家资助与与学校、医院和类似设施有关的供餐计划的直接合同结合起来)”可知，为了促进可持续渔业，作者建议促进小型渔业和供餐项目之间的直接合作。故选D。
Section C
Directions: Read the following passage. Fill in each blank with a proper sentence given in the box. Each sentence can be used only once. Note that there are two more sentences than you need.
Nightly Sleep Is Key to Student Success
For young adults, college is a time of transition. It may be the first time students have the freedom to determine how to spend their time, but this freedom comes with competing interests from academics, social events and even sleep.
A multi-institutional team of researchers conducted the first study to evaluate how the duration of nightly sleep early in the semester affects first year college students’ end-of-semester grade point average (GPA). Using sleep trackers, they found that students on average sleep 6.5 hours a night, but negative outcomes built up when students received less than six hours of sleep a night. ___67___
David Creswell, the William S. Dietrich II Professor in Psychology and Neuroscience at the Dietrich College of Humanities and Social Sciences, led a team of researchers to evaluate the relationship between sleep and GPA.
“Animal studies have shown how critical sleep is for learning and memory,” said Creswell. “___68___ The less nightly sleep a first-year college student gets at the beginning of the school term predicts lower GPA at the end of the term. Lack of sleep may be hurting students’ ability to learn in their college classrooms.”
___69___ The researchers found that students who receive less than six hours of sleep experienced a pronounced decline in academic performance. In addition, each hour of sleep lost corresponded to (相对应) a 0.07 decrease in end-of-term GPA.
“Once you start dropping below six hours, you are starting to add massive sleep debt that can harm a student’s health and study habits, damaging the whole system,” said Creswell. “___70___”
“A popular belief among college students is valuing studying more or partying more over nightly sleep,” said Creswell. “Our work here suggests that there are potentially real costs to reducing your nightly sleep on your ability to learn and achieve in college. There’s real value in budgeting for the importance of nightly sleep.”
A. Here we show how this work translates to humans.
B. Many college students experience irregular and insufficient sleep.
C. The study evaluated more than 600 first-year students across five studies at three universities.
D. Most surprising to me was that no matter what we did to make the effect go away, it persisted.
E. The results are available in the Feb. 13 issue of the Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences.
F. Total nightly sleep is a potentially important and underappreciated behavior supporting academic achievement.
【答案】67. E 68. A 69. C 70. D
【解析】
【导语】本文是说明文。文章主要介绍了研究发现夜间睡眠是学生取得优异成绩的关键。
【67题详解】
上文“Using sleep trackers, they found that students on average sleep 6.5 hours a night, but negative outcomes built up when students received less than six hours of sleep a night.(使用睡眠跟踪器，他们发现学生平均每晚睡眠6.5小时，但当学生每晚睡眠少于6小时时，负面结果就会积累起来。)”介绍了研究结果，空处也应是围绕研究结果来介绍，E项“研究结果发表在2月13日的《美国国家科学院院刊》上。”符合，故选E。
【68题详解】
上文““Animal studies have shown how critical sleep is for learning and memory,” said Creswell.(“动物研究表明睡眠对学习和记忆是多么重要，”Creswell 说)”可知，对动物的研究表明睡眠对学习和记忆很重要，下文“The less nightly sleep a first-year college student gets at the beginning of the school term predicts lower GPA at the end of the term. Lack of sleep may be hurting students’ ability to learn in their college classrooms.(大学一年级学生在学期开始时睡眠时间越少，学期结束时的平均绩点就越低。缺乏睡眠可能会损害学生在大学课堂上学习的能力。)”介绍了对于人而言，睡眠对学习和记忆也很重要，A项“这里我们展示这项工作如何影响人类。”符合，引起下文，故选A。
【69题详解】
下文“The researchers found that students who receive less than six hours of sleep experienced a pronounced decline in academic performance. (研究人员发现，睡眠时间少于6小时的学生，其学习成绩明显下降。)”介绍了研究发现，空处应该是介绍研究对象等，C项“这项研究对三所大学的五项研究中的600多名一年级学生进行了评估。”符合，故选C。
【70题详解】
上文““Once you start dropping below six hours, you are starting to add massive sleep debt that can harm a student’s health and study habits, damaging the whole system,” said Creswell. (克雷斯威尔说：“一旦你的睡眠时间降到6小时以下，你就开始增加大量的睡眠债务，这会损害学生的健康和学习习惯，破坏整个系统。”)”指出睡眠不足会损害学生的健康和学习习惯，破坏整个系统。空处也应是介绍睡眠不足的危害，D项“最令我惊讶的是，无论我们采取什么措施来消除这种影响，它仍然存在。”符合，承接上文，进一步描述睡眠不足的危害，故选D。
IV. Summary Writing
71. Directions: Read the following passage. Summarize the main idea and the main point(s) of the passage in no more than 60 words. Use your own words as far as possible.
Call a Physical Therapist
You get up from the sofa and - ow! Back pain takes your breath away. Do you reach for the pain pills No! Call a physical therapist instead!
More and more, physical therapy, or PT, is a common go-to for treating aches and pains. A physical therapist can treat almost any injury to give a patient a better quality of life. When it comes to treatment, one size does not fit all. A physical therapist personalizes a treatment plan based on their observations and the patient’s concerns. The goal is to help injured or ill people improve movement and manage pain, so they can live life to the fullest. These therapists work with patients who suffer from back or neck injuries. They help people recover from broken bones and surgeries as well as work- or sports-related injuries. Physical therapists also teach people how to stay in shape and prevent further injuries. Their hands-on (动手) therapy includes strengthening or stretching exercises, ice or heat and more.
No one can become a physical therapist without getting a doctor of physical therapy degree. After completing it, a person must pass a professional license exam before beginning to practice. Further, being a physical therapist can be mentally and physically draining because of the hands-on, personalized patient care required. A successful physical therapist needs to have great communication skills and an eye for detail. They should also be creative problem solvers as well as resourceful.
For those looking for a satisfying career, PT is one to consider. The demand for the profession is growing faster than that of many other careers. Private clinics and hospitals hire physical therapists. Sports facilities and professional sports teams also employ them. Therapists may work in skilled nursing facilities or visit patients in their own homes. If someone wants to see the world, they may want to become a travel physical therapist.
___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
【答案】One possible version:
Physical therapists offer personalized treatment to improve injured people’s quality of life. They also teach people to keep fit and avoid further injuries. To become a physical therapist needs to meet many requirements like a doctor’s degree, a professional license, good communication skills, sensitivity for detail and creative problem-solving skills. Currently, there’s a growing demand for physical therapists.
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍说，物理治疗师提供个性化的治疗来改善受伤患者的生活质量。他们还教人们保持健康，避免进一步的伤害。要成为一名物理治疗师需要满足很多要求，比如博士学位、专业执照、良好的沟通技巧、对细节的敏感和创造性的解决问题的能力。目前，对物理治疗师的需求不断增长。
【详解】1.要点摘录
①More and more, physical therapy, or PT, is a common go-to for treating aches and pains. A physical therapist can treat almost any injury to give a patient a better quality of life.
②Physical therapists also teach people how to stay in shape and prevent further injuries.
③No one can become a physical therapist without getting a doctor of physical therapy degree. After completing it, a person must pass a professional license exam before beginning to practice. Further, being a physical therapist can be mentally and physically draining because of the hands-on, personalized patient care required. A successful physical therapist needs to have great communication skills and an eye for detail. They should also be creative problem solvers as well as resourceful.
④The demand for the profession is growing faster than that of many other careers.
2.缜密构思 将第1个要点进行总说，将第2、3、4三个要点进行分说。
3.遣词造句
Physical therapists offer personalized treatment to improve injured people’s quality of life.
They also teach people to keep fit and avoid further injuries.
To become a physical therapist needs to meet many requirements like a doctor’s degree, a professional license, good communication skills, sensitivity for detail and creative problem-solving skills.
Currently, there’s a growing demand for physical therapists.
【点睛】[高分句型1] To become a physical therapist needs to meet many requirements like a doctor’s degree, a professional license, good communication skills, sensitivity for detail and creative problem-solving skills.运用不定式作目的状语对原文第三段进行了概括。
[高分句型2] Currently, there’s a growing demand for physical therapists.用there be句型对最后一段进行了概括。
V. Translation
Directions: Translate the following sentences into English, using the words given in the brackets.
72. 这个保安负责又睿智，让公司避免了损失。(save) (汉译英)
【答案】The security guard is responsible and wise, and saved the company from loss.
【解析】
【详解】考查固定短语。主语为the security guard；表示“负责又睿智”应用be responsible and wise，句子陈述目前事实，应用一般现在时；and连接并列句，“让公司避免了损失”翻译为save the company from loss，陈述的动作已发生，应用一般过去时。故翻译为The security guard is responsible and wise, and saved the company from loss.
73. 他每月从生活费中留出一笔钱，以防患于未然。(case) (汉译英)
【答案】He set aside a sum of money from his living expenses each month in case of emergency.
【解析】
【详解】考查时态。句子描述过去的一般情况，应用一般过去时，主语“他”he，“留出”set aside，谓语动词使用过去式形式，后接宾语“一笔钱”a sum of money，“从生活费中”from his living expenses，“每月”each month，“以防”使用介词短语in case of，of后接宾语emergency，表示“以防患于未然”。故翻译为He set aside a sum of money from his living expenses each month in case of emergency。
74. 为了吸引听众的注意，这个心理专家在开始讲座前，分享了他自己悲伤却励志的成长故事。(draw) (汉译英)
【答案】To draw the audience’s attention, the psychologist shared his sad but inspiring story of growing up before starting the lecture.
【解析】
【详解】考查不定式短语、时态和动名词。分析句子可知，“为了吸引听众的注意”在句中作目的状语，译为不定式短语to draw the audience’s attention，主语“这个心理专家”用the psychologist，谓语“分享”用动词share，讲述过去的事情，用一般过去时态，动词用过去式shared，宾语“他自己悲伤却励志的成长故事”用his sad but inspiring story of growing up，其中形容词sad和inspiring作定语，时间状语“在开始讲座前”用介词短语before starting the lecture，其中动名词作宾语。综上，全句译为：To draw the audience’s attention, the psychologist shared his sad but inspiring story of growing up before starting the lecture.
75. 这个导览机器人在很多方面有了改进，不仅可以为参观者提供需要的信息，甚至还能带他们去目的地。(which) (汉译英)
【答案】This guiding robot, which has improved in many aspects, can not only provide visitors with the information they need, but also even take them to their destination.
【解析】
【详解】考查连词、定语从句和时态。分析句子可知，“这个导览机器人不仅可以为参观者提供需要的信息，甚至还能带他们去目的地。”是主句，其中主语“这个导览机器人”用this guiding robot，“为……提供……”和“带……去……”是并列谓语动词，放在情态动词“可以”即can后分别用动词短语provide...with...和take...to...表示，两个谓语部分用复合连词not only...but also...连接，意为“不仅……还……”，宾语“参观者”用visitors，“需要的信息”用the information they need，其中they need是定语从句，宾语“他们”用宾格代词them，“目的地”用their destination；“在很多方面有了改进”可处理为限制性定语从句，修饰主句主语this guiding robot，指物，关系代词which将其代入从句作主语，谓语“改进”用动词improve，陈述过去的事情对现在的影响用现在完成时态has improved，状语“在很多方面”用介词短语in many aspects。综上，全句译为：This guiding robot, which has improved in many aspects, can not only provide visitors with the information they need, but also even take them to their destination.
VI. Guided Writing
76. Directions: Write an English composition in 120—150 words according to the instructions given below in Chinese.
假设你是明启中学高三学生徐晶，学校最近就如何组织好每天上午30分钟的大课间活动征求全校学生的意见。你给负责的王老师写一封电子邮件，内容包括：
1. 有关组织大课间活动的建议；
2. 你的理由。
注意：不要在邮件中提及你的真实姓名和学校等相关信息。
___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
【答案】One possible version:
Dear Mr. Wang,
I am Xu Jing, a senior student. I am writing to share some suggestions regarding how to organize our daily 30-minute mid-morning break activities.
I suggest incorporating a variety of activities during the break time. This could include physical activities like sports, dance or yoga sessions, as well as creative activities such as art workshops or music clubs. Providing diverse options would cater to different interests and allow students to choose activities that they enjoy and find beneficial. In addition, it would be great to involve student clubs and organizations in organizing these activities. This not only offers opportunities for student leadership and teamwork, but it also ensures a wider range of options and promotes a sense of belonging among students.
I believe implementing these suggestions would make our mid-morning break more enjoyable and productive. Thank you for taking the time to consider my suggestions.
Sincerely,
Xu Jing
【解析】
【导语】本篇书面表达属于应用文。题目要求考生给负责征求如何组织好每天上午30分钟大课间活动意见的王老师写一封电子邮件，需陈述个人对于组织大课间活动的建议，并提供相应的理由。
【详解】1. 词汇积累
关于：regarding→concerning/with regard to
各种各样的：a variety of→various/a wide range of
选择：choose→pick/select
确保：ensure→guarantee/secure
促进：promote→advance/facilitate
2. 句式拓展
简单句变复合句
原句：I suggest incorporating a variety of activities during the break time.
拓展句：It is suggested that a variety of activities during the break time should be incorporated.
【点睛】[高分句型1] Providing diverse options would cater to different interests and allow students to choose activities that they enjoy and find beneficial. (运用了动名词短语作主语、that引导限制性定语从句)
[高分句型2] I believe implementing these suggestions would make our mid-morning break more enjoyable and productive. (运用了that引导宾语从句并被省略、动名词短语作从句的主语)