高中试卷答案网2024中考英语真题大分类 第一部分
语法专题突破短文填空综合篇 题型一 方框选词
类型一 基础篇(10选10)
人与自我——生活与学习
子主题1 乐学善学，勤学善思
角度1 乐学善学，勤于反思，学会学习
Passage 1(2023赤峰)
find good drop rope happy
fish what it sky look
Fish for the Moon in the Well(水井)
One evening, a ‘clever' man, Haojia went to fetch some water from the well. When he 1.________ into the well, he found the moon shining in the well. “Oh, Good Heavens, 2.________ a pity! The beautiful moon has 3.________ into the well！” So he rushed home for a hook(钓钩), and tied it with the 4.________，then put it into the well to 5.________ for the moon.
After some time of hunting for the moon, Haojia was happy to 6.________ that something was caught by the hook. He thought 7.________ must be the moon. He pulled hard on the rope. Because of the excessive pulling, the rope broke and Haojia fell on his back. Just then Haojia saw the moon again high in the 8.________. He said to himself, “Aha, it finally came back to its place！What a 9.________ job！” He was proud of what he did. He told everyone about it 10.________， but he didn't know how silly he was.
Passage 2(2023郴州)
he if go hole enough another
strong in repair advice
Once upon a time, there was a shepherd. He kept many sheep. 1.________ the day time, he herded(放牧)them outside; at night, he drove them into the sheepfold(羊圈) which was enclosed by dry grass and pegs.
One morning, the shepherd 2.________ to herd the sheep and found one sheep lost. He then found that the sheepfold had been broken and there was a big 3.________. “The wolf must have stolen the sheep through the hole.” He thought. “You'd better 4.________ the sheepfold and mend the hole as soon as possible.” The neighbor advised him. “The sheep has been lost. It's no use repairing the sheepfold.” He didn't take the neighbor's kind 5.________．
The next morning, he went to herd and found 6.________ sheep lost. “The wolf had done it again！” The shepherd was very angry. But this time, he regretted not taking 7.________ neighbor's advice and not taking action in time. He mended the hole soon, and made the whole sheepfold 8.________ than before. From then on, his sheep didn't get stolen any more.
The shepherd was smart 9.________ to prevent sheep from being stolen by mending the hole of the sheepfold. What would you do 10.________ you made a mistake or did something wrong？Do something to make it up, just as the saying goes, “Better late than never！”
角度2 积极的学习体验、恰当的学习方法与策略、勤学善思
Passage 3(2023随州)
good realize although they use
interest hide face quick in
How I Learned to Learn English
Last year, I did not like my English class. Every class was like a bad dream. The teacher spoke so 1.________ that I did not understand her most of the time. I was afraid to ask questions because of my poor pronunciation. I just 2.________ behind my textbook and never said anything.
Then one day I watched an English movie called Toy Story. I fell 3.________ love with this exciting and funny movie! So I began to watch other English movies, too. 4.________ I could not understand everything the characters said, their body language and the expressions on their 5.________ helped me to get the meaning. I also 6.________ I could get the meaning by listening for just the key words. My pronunciation improved as well by listening to the conversations in English movies. I discovered that listening to something 7.________ is the secret to language learning. I also learned 8.________ sentences like “It's a piece of cake” or “It serves you right”. I did not understand these sentences at first. But because I wanted to understand the story, I looked 9.________ up in a dictionary.
Now I really enjoy my English class. I want to learn new words and more grammar so that I can have a 10.________ understanding of English movies.
人与自我——做人与做事
子主题2 做身心健康的人
角度1 身心健康、抗挫能力、珍爱生命的意识
Passage 4(2023陕西)
he live final lucky people success achieve meet much be
In October 2022, a local newspaper told a story of a common man, Jia Shuangdeng. He 1.________ from Shaanxi Province. He not only works hard but has helped many deaf people 2.________ a better life as well.
At the age of 14, something 3.________ happened to Jia and turned him into a deaf person. Sad and heartbroken, he had to leave school and learned by 4.________ at home for more than two years. Later, with other 5.________ help, he cheered up and made a living by making shoes. He 6. ________ many difficulties but he faced them bravely and kept on working hard. 7.________， his shoes became popular and sold well. After a few years, he started his own factory and it was 8.________. However, he didn't forget those who had helped him. So he decided to help the people in need. These years, he has offered many deaf people chances to work.
What he did has benefited(有益于) lots of deaf people. “The person I want to thank 9.________ in my life is Mr.Jia. Thanks to him, I've got a good job and have a happy life now. He always tells us although we are disabled, we can also 10.________ our dreams by working hard，” said Xie Ting, who was helped by Jia.
Passage 5(2023新疆自治区、兵团)
called painter always of trying
move works health started serious
Zhang Junli, an amazing woman, is from Taiyuan, Shanxi Province. She has overcome life's greatest difficulties to become one of the most famous 1.________ in China. She has been paralyzed(瘫痪的) for over 30 years. When she was six, Zhang had a 2.________ illness. At eight, she could not move 90% of her body. She can only 3.________ her shoulders and neck a little now.
However, being paralyzed never prevented her from 4.________ to follow her dreams. Zhang took up drawing at a young age and 5.________ learning painting in 2015. Though it is hard for her to pick a paintbrush, her love for painting is 6.________ pushing her to challenge herself.
“Painting has changed me. The first time I picked up a brush, I felt that I liked to draw，” says Zhang. “The world is so beautiful. Even if I am in poor 7.________， I don't want to give up the chance to live”. Now Zhang has created thousands 8.________ pencil sketches(素描). She also has an online shop 9.________ Zhang Junli's Paintings, where she sells her works.
Zhang wants to use her 10.________ to encourage those who are like her, and to tell them never to give up. “Instead of crying and worrying all day, find your meaning in life. Live in the present，” says Zhang, a true inspiration.
Passage 6(2023贺州)
good it factory surprise set encourage hard but for success
A man sees a butterfly. The butterfly tries to get out of 1.________chrysalis(蛹). The man cuts the chrysalis and the butterfly comes out easily. To his 2.________， the butterfly is unable to fly. If the butterfly doesn't struggle(挣扎)to get out of the chrysalis, it can't fly. The struggle develops the energy in the butterfly. Similarly, the challenges of life bring out the 3.________in young people and prepare the ability to “fly”.
When people are young, meeting and overcoming challenges will make them strong and ready to face life. For successful people, the more challenges they have had, the more 4.________ they are. One famous man, who now owns many big 5.________， used to sell socks from door to door when he was young. Another successful man is Eric. He 6.________ up a college at the age of 30. His father died when he was only 16.He worked 7.________ in the day and studied hard in the night. His father's death forced him to grow up fast. He took up the challenges and overcame them. Today, not only he himself, 8.________ also his brothers and sisters are leading successful lives.
Nowadays, some parents and teachers actively 9.________ young people to face challenges. It is important 10.________them to learn to meet challenges and overcome them.
角度2 学习与生活的自我管理
Passage 7(2023泰安)
first require among care be
different both habit how finally
Cooking is supposed to be the most basic living skill for humans. However, there are many kids who are used to being fed and taken 1.________ of everywhere, like “little emperors and little princesses”. They can't tell the 2.________ between food materials like leeks (韭菜) and shallots (小葱)．
In order to stress (强调) the importance of hard working spirit education 3.________ students, the Communist Party of China Central Committee recently released (发布) the guidelines. The guidelines call for students to respect labor (劳动) work. Students should learn basic life skills and develop good working 4.________ through such education.
Students will be 5.________ to understand and master the basics of home cooking, from preparing vegetables to 6.________ being able to complete the whole process of home cooking independently. These will be lifelong skills for kids, helping them develop into well rounded individuals (个体), not just students who 7.________ able to take exams.
As children's 8.________ teachers, parents should also encourage children to learn 9.________ to do chores at home. Students should master one or two life skills every year. These skills can include cooking, washing their own clothes and tidying their rooms.
It's really important for students to take labor education 10.________ at school and at home.
子主题3 分析问题和解决问题
Passage 8(2023武威)
can, I, be, five, miss, good, in, road, wait for, back
“What a great film！” says Dan.
Dan Parks and Sue Barrington are leaving the Odeon cinema in Oxford.
“I love Eddie Redmayne，” says Sue.
“Yes, he's a 1.________ actor，” replies Dan.
He looks at his watch.
“It's 2.________ o'clock already，” he says. “Time to get home.”
“Yes，” says Sue. “It's beginning to get dark.”
They walk up the street and look for their bikes. There 3.________ a lot of bikes in Oxford. The city is flat and a lot of people cycle.
“There's my bike，” says Dan. He looks for Sue's, but he 4.________ see it.
“Where's 5.________？” asks Sue. “It's not here.”
Then they see her bike lock on the ground — 6.________ two bits.
“Oh no！” says Sue. “Bike thieves！”
Dan looks up and down the road. He sees a police car fifty metres away on the other side of the street.
“7.________ me，” he says to Sue, and runs across the street.
She watches him. He talks through the window of the police car and points 8.________ at her.
Then a policewoman gets out of the car and comes across the road with Dan.
“Hello，” says the policewoman to Sue. “I'm PC Jennings. Your friend tells me your bike is 9.________. Now tell me about the bike.”
“Well, it's blue，” begins Sue. “It's a 10.________ bike. And it's only a year old.”
Jennings writes everything in her notebook.
...
子主题4 劳动与职业
Passage 9(2023河南)
child help if way which solve
into long develop they
Hand washing with soap can reduce(减少) illnesses.One of the easiest 1.________ to stop the spread of illness is to wash your hands. But many children haven't 2.________ the right habit of hand washing. Children do not wash 3.________ hands often enough or long enough. It's such a simple habit, but the children aren't doing it.
Issar and his friend decided to 4.________the problem using a fun method.They tried many times and created a tool called Soapen. It turned hand washing 5.________ a fun activity.
As the name suggests, Soapen is a pen 6.________ is made out of soap. The children draw on hands with the Soapen and then wash the drawing off. The colors will remain on the children's hands 7.________ they don't spend enough time washing them off. It is very 8.________ for a teacher in a classroom. After all, not all the teachers have the time to make each 9.________ wash his hands properly.
“Children wash hands much 10.________ than before now because they like drawing on hands. Soapen does help children make a good habit of hand washing，” said Issar.
人与自然——自然生态
子主题5 与动植物和谐共生
Passage 10(2023广西北部湾经济区)
voice outside much everyone danger losing fun give number difficult
World Animal Day falls on October 4th. It is to make the world a better place for all animals.
Protecting animals has got 1.________ attention all over the world. Every year IUCN(国际自然保护联盟) reports some important information about the plants and animals in 2.________. The giraffe is one of them. Over the last 30 years, the 3.________ of giraffes has dropped by 40%. There are now fewer than 100，000 giraffes in the world today！Things are getting worse. Many animals are 4.________ their lives because of human activities. Animals are often killed for their meat, teeth or even just for 5.________．
Animals will get more help, if 6.________ starts to do something. Here are the things you can do.
◆Love animals. You could 7.________ them a hand when it is necessary.
◆Go 8.________ to see wildlife. If you take a walk in nature, you can enjoy seeing all the plants and animals around you.
◆Speak up for wildlife. Animals can't speak for themselves. You can be a 9.________ for your animal friends.
◆Learn more about animals' 10.________ situations. By learning about their problems and pains, you can find new ways to help them.
类型二 提升篇(12选10)
人与自我——生活与学习
子主题1 乐学善学，勤学善思
Passage 1(2023本溪、辽阳、葫芦岛)
easy mistake only before suggestion travel
cover painful though stone changed nothing
Long long ago, people always walked barefooted (光脚的)．
A king happened to 1.________ far into the countryside. He was greatly troubled because there were lots of broken 2.________ on the road and they hurt his feet seriously. When he returned to his palace, he told his men 3.________ all the roads with cattle hide (牛皮革). He hoped walking would no longer be a 4.________ thing. But even if all cattle in the country were killed, there wouldn't be enough hide to get the work done.
They could do 5.________ but shake their heads. At this time, a clever general in the palace made a(n) 6.________，“My king, why don't you take an easy way You don't need to kill so many cattle. You 7.________ cover each of your feet with a piece of hide.” The king was surprised and pleased, and he 8.________ his mind at once and supported the plan.
This is why people use hide to make shoes. 9.________ it seems strange, it encourages us to think. It is usually 10.________ to change oneself than to change the world. Try to put yourself in the position of the person you deal with. Then when you use another way of thinking, you will find it is not difficult for you to solve the problem.
人与自我——做人与做事
子主题2 做身心健康的人
角度1 身心健康、抗挫能力、珍爱生命的意识
Passage 2(2023成都)
clear complete excite follow health interview
luck shine silence ten touch well
When the other models appeared on the stage, the audience cheered and clapped. Then it was Niu's turn. The audience suddenly became 1. ________. However, after four or five seconds, Niu 2. ________ heard someone next to the stage say in admiration, “So cool！”
Niu Yu, 24, became a(n) 3. ________ star at Shanghai Fashion Week for her confidence, even though she was wearing a prosthetic leg. When Niu was only 11, she 4. ________ lost her right leg during the Wenchuan Earthquake.
Niu has won lots of praise. This gives those who have prejudice(偏见) against
the disabled a hit on the nose. “I 5. ________ by something they said. They said
the traditional view was that sports were for people with 6. ________ legs, but sports should be a kind of spirit. Even though I have lost a leg, I still deeply love sports and will do so forever，” Niu said. Actually, Niu first drew the public's attention when she
7. ________ a marathon—a 42 kilometer race in 2018, which was held in Wenchuan to mark the 8. ________ anniversary(周年纪念) of the earthquake.
Now, Niu works as a photographer and has more than 850,000 9. ________ on social platforms, such as Douyin. “I feel I have a social responsibility to bridge the disabled and the public. Showing my life to the public can allow them to 10. ________ understand our group and can also tell other disabled people that our society is more tolerant(宽容) than they imagined，” she explained.
角度2 自我认识、自我管理、自我提升
Passage 3(2023抚顺、铁岭)
how which easy in worry match
but you after all have brave
Tom was a 16 year old student. His father 1.________ about him because he had no courage at all.Tom's father wanted his son to be a(n) 2.________ man. So he decided to call on a master(大师) to train his boy.
The master said to the boy's father, “You should leave 3.________ son alone here. I'll make him into a real man 4.________ three months. However, you can't come to see him during this period.”
Three months later, the boy's father returned. The master arranged(安排)a boxing(拳击) 5.________ between the boy and an experienced boxer.
Each time the fighter struck(击打)the boy, he fell down, 6.________ the boy stood up at once.Each time a punch(拳)knocked him down, the boy stood up again. Several times later, the master asked, “Now 7.________ do you like your child？”
“What a shame！” The boy's father said, “I never thought he would be so 8.________ knocked down. I don't have to leave him here any longer.”
“I'm sorry that's 9.________ you see.Don't you see that each time he falls down, he stands up again and doesn't give up If you want him 10.________ this kind of courage, he does a good job.”Finally, the boy's father understood what the master said.
子主题3 劳动与职业
Passage 4(2023山西)
do she clean leaf interest meaning you tell have thing happy celebrate
It was Friday afternoon. After getting off the school bus, Laura ran into the house 1.________．
“How was school, Laura？” asked 2.________ mom.
“It was great, Mom. Labor Day (劳动节) is coming. I am excited that I 3.________ no school next Monday！”
Laura was woken up early on Labor Day morning by her dad. He said that in honor of(纪念) Labor Day, the family planned 4.________ some cleaning. Laura couldn't believe it. She began to wonder if this was just a bad dream.
“Laura, your breakfast is ready. We have many 5.________ to do today. Let's get a move on，” said Laura's mom. Laura asked her parents, “Are you serious about working today？Isn't Labor Day a holiday？”
“Yes, Laura, it is，” replied her dad. “But your mom and I thought working hard today would make you realize why Labor Day 6.________ in the beginning.”
Laura disliked the plan, but she had no choice. First, she was asked to wash the breakfast dishes. After that, her dad 7.________ her to give their dog a bath. It was a hard task, which needed a lot of careful work. She began the work unhappily.
But things began to change as she was doing the chores. She found it was so 8.________ with so many soap bubbles(泡泡) when she brushed the dog. Then it was yard work and she helped to pick up sticks. When she finished her chores, Laura felt happy to see the yard looked much 9.________ than before.
Holidays are not necessarily for fun or rest. Doing something 10.________ can also get special pleasure. Maybe this is the spirit of Labor Day.
人与社会——历史、社会与文化
子主题4 文化
Passage 5(2023吉林省卷)
A. see B. worse C. king D. also E. better F. so
G. popular H. persons I. if J. another K. cultures L. hope
2023 is the Year of the Tiger in China. Tigers are very 1.________ not only in China but also in Western countries. Would you like to learn something about tigers in different 2.________？
In Chinese culture, the tiger plays an important role. It is the 3.________ of all animals. It often reminds people of power, bravery and protection. It's said that the 4.________ who are born in the Year of the Tiger are brave and strong. You can 5.________ the pictures of tigers on the walls of houses. That is because the owners 6.________ to keep away from bad things.
In Western cultures, tigers are 7.________ very powerful animals in people's eyes. In English, 8.________ you want someone to keep his cool, you can say “easy tiger”. There is 9.________ phrase “eye of the tiger”， which means fierceness(凶猛)and strength. However, in some Western countries, a tiger is not seen as the strongest one of all animals, but a lion is.
Now, you may understand tigers 10.________. Isn't it amazing
类型三 其他选词填空
人与自我——生活与学习
子主题1 身边的事物与环境
Passage 1(2023哈尔滨)
achieve, I, climb, much, think about, height, sad, natural
It was nearly dark. The sun was going down. A little boy, Mike, came back home 1.________ from the mountain.
“What's the matter, Mike？” his mother asked.
“The mountain is so 2.________ and full of big or small stones on the way. I was very tired. I had to return，” Tom cried.
“It doesn't matter，” his mother said.
“But standing at the top of the mountain by 3.________ is a dream from childhood(童年)！” Mike said.
His father came up, “What did you notice when 4.________ up the mountain？”
“There were a lot of beautiful flowers by the sides of the road，” Mike replied.
“Did you feel the beauty of 5.________？” his father asked.
Mike 6.________ the question for a while.
“Yes, the blue sky, the white clouds and the green trees，” Mike answered.
“That's enough！” his father smiled and said. “Please remember, Son. The beautiful scenery(风景)is on the way. You have 7.________ a lot although you didn't reach the top of the mountain. It is one of the 8.________ valuable lessons in your life.”
子主题2 乐学善学，勤学善思
Passage 2(2023青海省卷)
You have been learning English for several years.Do you feel stressed and 1.________ when you are learning English If yes, here are some 2.________ to help you.
How about 3.________ a pen friend You can send each other messages. It's an effective way to improve your English and enjoy yourself.
Why don't you get together with other English learners and set up some kind of “English Speaking Club”．You can talk to each other about your life and your worries.
It's a wise idea to read English newspapers once or 4.________ a week. Get your notebook out and write down some words you don't know. You'll 5.________ build up your vocabulary.
Learning is a lifelong journey, so learn wisely and learn well.
人与社会——历史、社会与文化
子主题3 榜样的力量
Passage 3(2023江西)
desert space heavy be when woman Chinese love hot see then
Wang Yaping is an astronaut. In 2013, she became the second Chinese woman to travel to 1.________. She is also famous for a physics class televised for more than 60 million people.
Wang trained very hard for many years 2.________ an astronaut. The hardest part was 3.________ training.Wearing a spacesuit and carrying special and 4.________ equipment(装备), she walked several kilometers through the 5.________ and sandy desert. “Sometimes it was so windy and dusty(布满灰尘的)，” she says，“that we couldn't 6.________ each other even though we were just a few meters away.”
Wang 7.________ her job. She remembers watching the first 8.________ astronaut go into space. “I was so proud and also very excited. But 9.________ I watched it, a thought came into my mind: We have men pilots and women pilots; and 10.________ a man astronaut. When will there be a 11.________ astronaut？And today, it's me becoming one of the first few.”
答案详解详析
类型一 基础篇(10选10)
人与自我——生活与学习
Passage 1
【主旨大意】本文是一篇记叙文。主要讲述了一个自以为是的“聪明人”上演的“水中捞月”的故事。
1. looked 【解析】句意：当他往井里________时，他发现月亮正在井里发着光。分析句子结构可知此处缺少动词；根据空后“he found the moon shining in the well”可知，此处表示当他往井里看时，look符合语境；结合句中found可知时态为一般过去时。故填looked。
2. what 【解析】句意：哦，天哪，太遗憾了！分析句子结构可知，此处缺少感叹句的引导词，且中心词为名词。故填what。
3. dropped 【解析】句意：美丽的月亮________到井里了！分析句子结构可知此处缺少动词；根据上文“When he 1.________ into the well, he found the moon shining in the well.”可知，此处表示月亮掉到井里了；结合空前的has可知此处应填动词的过去分词，构成现在完成时。故填dropped。
4. rope 【解析】句意：于是他冲回家去拿钓钩，然后用________把它绑起来…… 分析句子结构可知此处缺少名词；根据下文“He pulled hard on the rope.”可知，此处是指绳子，此处为rope一词的词汇复现。故填rope。
5. fish 【解析】句意：于是他冲回家去拿钓钩，用________把它绑起来，然后放进井里去________月亮。分析句子结构可知此处缺少动词；根据上句“The beautiful moon has 3.________ into the well！”可知，此处表示钓月亮； 空前有不定式符号to，动词用原形。故填fish。
6. find 【解析】句意：在寻找月亮一段时间后，郝佳很高兴地________有什么东西被钓钩钩住了。分析句子结构可知此处缺少动词； 根据空后“something was caught by the hook” 可知，此处表示发现； 空前有不定式符号to，动词用原形。故填find。
7. it 【解析】句意：他想 ________ 一定是月亮。分析句子结构可知，此处缺少宾语从句中的主语；结合句意及备选词汇可知，应用代词it指代。故填it。
8. sky 【解析】句意：就在那时，郝佳又看到了月亮高高地挂在________。分析句子结构可知此处缺少名词；根据空前的“high”及下文“Aha, it finally came back to its place！”可知，此处表示月亮挂在天上。故填sky。
9. good 【解析】句意：多么________工作！分析句子结构可知，此处缺少形容词作定语；根据下文“He was proud of what he did.”可知，他很自豪自己所做的。此处表示他做得很好。故填good。
10. happily 【解析】句意：他________告诉大家，但他不知道自己有多傻。分析句子结构可知，此处缺少副词修饰动词told；根据上句“What a good job！”可知，此处是指高兴地。故填happily。
Passage 2
【主旨大意】本文是一篇记叙文。主要讲述了一位牧羊人因为羊圈破洞，一只羊被狼叼走之后还不修补羊圈，导致又一只羊被狼叼走，最后牧羊人才修补羊圈的故事。这个故事告诉我们，做事情需要未雨绸缪，出了问题之后也要及时补救，不要等坏事发生才知道后悔。
1. In 【解析】句意：________白天，他把羊放出来；在晚上，他把羊赶回用干草和短桩围住的羊圈。分析句子结构可知，此处缺少介词，根据空后“the day time”可知，此处为一段时间，需用介词“in”，句首单词首字母需大写。故填In。
2. went 【解析】句意：一天早晨，牧羊人________放羊，发现少了一只羊。分析句子结构可知，此处缺少一个动词，“去放羊”选词“go”，根据句中“found”一词可知，此处应填入动词的过去式。故填went。
3. hole 【解析】句意：之后他发现羊圈破损，有一个很大的________。分析句子结构可知，此处缺少一个名词，结合第二段第三句“The wolf must have stolen the sheep through the hole.”可知，此处指羊圈破了一个洞，此处为hole一词的词汇复现。故填hole。
4. repair 【解析】句意：他的邻居建议他说：“你最好赶紧________羊圈，补上那个大洞。”分析句子结构可知，此处缺少一个动词，再结合生活常识可知，此处选词“repair”，“You'd better”后用动词原形。故填repair。
5. advice 【解析】句意：他没有采取邻居友善的________。分析句子结构可知，此处缺少名词，结合上文邻居在给他提建议，选词“advice”，advice为不可数名词。故填advice。
6. another 【解析】句意：第二天早上，他去放羊并发现又丢了________羊。 根据第二段第一句“One morning, the shepherd 2.________to herd the sheep and found one sheep lost.”可知，此处指又丢了另一只羊，选词“another”。故填another。
7. his 【解析】句意：但是这一次，他很后悔没有采取________邻居的建议并付诸行动。分析句子结构可知，空处应填入形容词性物主代词，选词“he”。故填his。
8. stronger 【解析】句意：他补上了那个大洞，并且使整个羊圈比之前________。分析句子结构可知，空处应填入形容词，选词“strong”；再结合句中“than”一词可知，空处应填入形容词比较级。故填stronger。
9. enough 【解析】句意：牧羊人________聪明，把羊圈上的洞补好，防止羊被偷。分析句子结构可知，空处缺少副词修饰“smart”，“很聪明”选词“enough”。故填enough。
10. if 【解析】句意：________你犯错或者做错一些事情，你会做什么？根据句意可知，此处在假设，选词“if”表假设。故填if。
Passage 3
【主旨大意】本文是一篇记叙文。主要讲述了作者从不喜欢英语到爱上英语的过程。文章旨在告诉我们：兴趣是学习语言的秘诀。
1. quickly 【解析】句意：老师讲得如此________以至于我大部分时候都不理解她。分析句子结构可知，此处应填副词修饰动词spoke，结合后半句可知，此处应表示讲得很快，因此备选词汇quick的副词形式quickly符合此处语境。故填quickly。
2. hid 【解析】句意：我仅仅________在书后面，从来不说话。分析句子结构可知，此处缺少动词作谓语，根据后半句“and never said anything”并结合备选词汇可知，此处应表示躲在书后面，讲述过去发生的事情时态为一般过去时，因此此处应用动词的过去式。故填hid。
3. in 【解析】句意：我爱上了这部令人兴奋且有趣的电影！根据句意可知，此处表示“fall in love with爱上”，为固定短语。故填in。
4. Although 【解析】句意：________我不能理解人物所说的所有话，但是……分析句子结构可知，此处应用连词连接两个句子，根据前后半句句意可知，此处表示让步，因此although符合此处语境。句首单词首字母应大写。故填Although。
5. faces 【解析】句意：________我不能理解人物所说的所有话，但是他们的肢体语言和他们________上的表情帮助我理解意思。根据常识可知，此处应是表示脸上的表情，空前有their修饰，因此此处应用可数名词的复数形式。故填faces。
6. realized 【解析】句意：我也________我可以通过只听关键词来理解意思。分析句子结构可知，主句缺少动词作谓语，根据下文中“I discovered that”并结合备选词汇可知，此处表示我也意识到了，过去的动作应用动词的过去式。故填realized。
7. interesting 【解析】句意：我发现听一些________的东西是语言学习的秘诀。分析句子结构可知，此处应用形容词作不定代词something的后置定语，根据上文中的“funny movie”可知，此处应是指有趣的。故填interesting。
8. useful 【解析】句意：我也学到了________句子，比如“这是小菜一碟”或“你活该”。分析句子结构可知，此处应用形容词修饰名词sentences，根据下文中“because I wanted to understand the story”并结合备选词汇可知，此处指有用的，use的形容词形式useful符合此处语境。故填useful。
9. them 【解析】句意：……我在字典里查找________。分析句子结构可知，此处应用代词作宾语，指代上文中的sentences，因此they的宾格形式符合此处语境。故填them。
10. better 【解析】句意：我想要学习新单词和更多的语法以至于我能________理解英语电影。分析句子结构可知，此处应用形容词修饰名词understanding，根据前半句的more可知，此处应用形容词的比较级，根据前半句可知，此处应表示对英语电影有一个更好的理解。故填better。
人与自我——做人与做事
Passage 4
【主旨大意】本文是一篇记叙文。主要讲述了听障人士贾双登励志创业的故事。这位14岁因意外失聪的少年并没有向命运低头。多年来，他凭借着顽强的毅力成功开创了自己的一番事业，还帮助大批听障人士走上了就业、创业之路。他的故事告诉我们：遇到困难要勇敢克服，不断拼搏才能实现梦想。
1. is 【解析】句意：他来自陕西。分析句子结构可知此处缺少谓语动词，根据空后“from Shaanxi Province”可知此处表示来自，备选词汇be符合语境。主语为He，且此处陈述客观事实，应用一般现在时。故填is。
2. live 【解析】句意：他不仅努力学习而且也帮助了许多失聪的人________一种更好的生活。分析句子结构可知空处缺少动词作宾补，根据空后“a better life”可知备选词汇live符合语境，表示过一种更好的生活。help sb.do sth.帮助某人做某事，为固定用法。故填live。
3. unlucky 【解析】句意：14岁的时候，一些________事情发生在贾双登身上，使他变成了一个失聪的人。分析句子结构可知此处缺少形容词修饰不定代词something作后置定语，根据空后内容“and turned him into a deaf person”可知此处表示不幸的事情，备选词汇lucky为形容词，表示幸运的，其反义词为unlucky。故填unlucky。
4. himself 【解析】句意：带着悲伤和心碎的心情，他不得不离开学校然后在家里________学习两年多。根据空前“he had to leave school”可知此处表示在家里自学。learn by oneself自学，为固定搭配，因此备选词汇he的反身代词himself符合语境。故选himself。
5. people's 【解析】句意：后来，在其他________帮助下，他振作起来并依靠制作鞋子谋生。根据语境可知，此处表示在其他人的帮助下，备选词汇people符合语境，由空后help可知此处应用名词所有格形式。故填people's。
6. met 【解析】句意：他________许多困难但是他勇敢地面对并且一直努力工作。分析句子结构可知此处缺少谓语动词，根据空后“many difficulties”可知备选词汇meet符合语境，表示遇到了许多困难。由空后“but he faced them bravely”可知此处为一般过去时，应用动词过去式。故填met。
7. Finally 【解析】句意：________，他的鞋变得很受欢迎并且卖得很好。分析句子结构可知此处缺少副词修饰整个句子。根据语境可知此处表示最后，备选词汇final的副词形式finally符合语境。注意句首单词首字母应大写。故填Finally。
8. successful 【解析】句意：几年之后，他开办了他自己的工厂并且很________。分析句子结构可知空处缺少形容词作表语。根据空前“he started his own factory”可知此处表示成功的，备选词汇success的形容词successful符合语境。故填successful。
9. most 【解析】句意：在我的生命中，我________想感谢的人是贾先生。分析句子结构可知此处缺少副词修饰动词thank，根据句意可知此处表示最想感谢的人，备选词汇much的最高级most符合语境。故填most。
10. achieve 【解析】句意：他总是告诉我们，尽管我们是残疾人，但是我们也能通过努力工作来________我们的梦想…… 分析句子结构可知此处缺少谓语动词，根据空后“our dreams”可知备选词汇achieve符合语境，表示实现梦想。空前为情态动词can，此处应用动词原形。故填achieve。
Passage 5
【主旨大意】本文是一篇记叙文。主要讲述了来自山西太原的张俊莉的故事。她是一个了不起的女人，从小瘫痪的她凭借自己坚强的意志学习绘画，并且开了自己的网店卖画，她希望能通过自己的故事鼓励更多像她一样的人。
1. painters 【解析】句意：她已经克服了生活中最大的困难，变成了中国最有名的________之一。分析句子结构可知，此处为one of ＋the＋形容词最高级＋名词复数，表示“最……之一”。结合下文可知，此处指画家，painter符合此处语境，且应用其复数形式。故填painters。
2. serious 【解析】句意：当张俊莉六岁的时候，她患了一种________疾病。分析句子结构可知，此处应填形容词修饰名词illness，根据下文“At eight, she could not move 90% of her body.”并结合备选词汇可知，此处指严重的，serious符合此处语境。故填serious。
3. move 【解析】句意：现在，她只能轻微________她的肩膀和脖子。情态动词后应填动词原形作谓语，根据上句“At eight, she could not move 90% of her body.”可知，此处表示移动。故填move。
4. trying 【解析】句意：然而，瘫痪绝没有阻止她________追随她的梦想。prevent sb.from doing sth.阻止某人做某事，为固定用法，因此此处应填动名词，结合备选词汇可知，trying符合此处语境，表示尽力。故填trying。
5. started 【解析】句意：张俊莉在年龄很小的时候就开始画画，在2015年________学习画画。分析句子结构可知，此处缺少谓语动词和took up并列，且意思相近，应用动词的一般过去式，因此started符合此处语境。故填started。
6. always 【解析】句意：尽管对于她来说拿起画笔很难，但是她对画画的爱________推动她去挑战自己。分析句子结构可知，此处缺少副词作状语，结合备选词汇可知，always符合此处语境，表示总是。故填always。
7. health 【解析】句意：即使我的________很差，但是我不想放弃活着的机会。分析句子结构可知，此处应填名词，根据句意可知，此处表示身体不好，应用in poor health，因此health符合此处语境。故填health。
8. of 【解析】句意：现在张已经创作了________的铅笔素描。根据空前的thousands可知，of符合语境。thousands of成千上万的，为固定短语。故填of。
9. called 【解析】句意：她也有一个________“张俊莉的绘画”的网店，来卖她的作品。分析句子结构可知，此处填动词过去分词作后置定语，表示叫作“张俊莉的绘画”，因此called符合此处语境。故填called。
10. works 【解析】句意：张想用她的________鼓励那些像她一样的人，并且告诉他们绝不放弃。分析句子结构可知，此处应用名词作动词use的宾语，根据上文中“where she sells her works”可知，此处应是表示作品，works符合此处语境。故填works。
Passage 6
【主旨大意】本文是一篇议论文。作者从蝴蝶经过挣扎化茧成蝶才能更好地飞舞入手，阐述了挑战困难的重要性。只有经历困难，才能更加坚强地面对生活、更能有勇气开创新局面。
1. its 【解析】句意：这只蝴蝶拼尽全力从________蛹里出来。分析句子结构可知此处需填形容词性的词；根据语境及备选词可知此处表示它的蛹，it的形容词性物主代词符合语境。故填its。
2. surprise 【解析】句意：令他________，这只蝴蝶不能飞。分析句子结构可知此处需填名词；根据上一句“The man cuts the chrysalis and the butterfly comes out easily.”可知此处表示令他吃惊的是，这只他帮助的蝴蝶不能飞；to one's surprise表示“令某人吃惊的是”，为固定搭配。故填surprise。
3. best 【解析】句意：相同地，生活中的挑战激发出年轻人________一面，和准备“飞”的能力。bring out the best in sb.表示“使某人发挥最大的潜能”，因此good的最高级符合此处语境。故填best。
4. successful 【解析】句意：对于成功的人来说，他们面对的挑战越多，他们会越 ________。分析句子结构可知此处需填形容词；根据语境及备选词可知此处表示他们会越成功，success的形容词形式符合语境。故填successful。
5. factories 【解析】句意：一个现在拥有许多大________的名人，在他年轻时常常挨家挨户地卖袜子。分析句子结构可知此处缺少名词；根据语境及备选词可知此处表示有许多工厂，选词factory；根据many可知此处用可数名词复数形式。故填factories。
6. set 【解析】句意：他在30岁时________一所大学。分析句子结构可知此处需填动词；根据语境及备选词可知此处表示创建了一所大学，set up表示“创建”，此处为一般过去时，动词用过去式。故填set。
7. hard 【解析】句意：他白天________工作，晚上努力学习。分析句子结构可知此处需填副词；根据“studied hard in the night”可知此处表示白天努力工作，选词hard，此处无比较，用副词原级。故填hard。
8. but 【解析】句意：现在，不仅他自己，________他的兄弟姐妹都过着成功的生活。分析句子结构可知此处为“not only...but also...”结构，表示“不仅……，而且……”。故填but。
9. encourage 【解析】句意：现如今，一些家长和老师积极地________年轻人面对挑战。分析句子结构可知此处需填动词；根据语境及备选词可知此处表示鼓励年轻人，选词encourage；根据“Nowadays”可知此处为一般现在时，主语为第三人称复数形式，谓语用动词原形。故填encourage。
10. for 【解析】句意：________他们来说，学会迎接、克服挑战非常重要。分析句子结构可知此处需填介词；此处为It's＋adj.＋for sb.＋to do sth.表示“对某人来说做某事非常……”。故填for。
Passage 7
【主旨大意】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了现代大多数孩子被照顾得无微不至，从而没有基本的生活能力。为了对学生强调进行艰苦奋斗精神教育的重要性，中共中央最近发布了指导方针，引导学生通过教育学习基本的生活技能，养成良好的学习习惯。
1. care 【解析】句意：然而，有许多孩子习惯于到处被喂养和________，就像“小皇帝和小公主”。根据“little emperors and little princesses”可知，此处表示照顾。take care of照顾，为固定搭配。故填care。
2. differences 【解析】句意：他们分不清像韭菜和小葱等食物材料的________。分析句子结构可知此处缺少名词。根据“between food materials like leeks (韭菜)and shallots (小葱)”可知，此处表示韭菜和小葱之间的区别。故填differences。
3. among 【解析】句意：为了强调艰苦奋斗精神教育________学生的重要性，中共中央最近发布了指导意见。分析句子结构可知此处缺少介词。根据语境及备选词汇可知，此处表示在学生中。故选among。
4. habits 【解析】句意：学生应该通过这种教育学习基本的生活技能，养成良好的学习________。分析句子结构可知此处缺少名词。根据“through such education”及备选词汇可知，此处表示养成良好的学习习惯。habit表示“习惯”时是可数名词，故此处应用名词复数表示泛指。故填habits。
5. required 【解析】 句意：学生被________理解和掌握家庭烹饪的基本知识…… 分析句子结构可知此处缺少动词作谓语。根据语境及备选词汇可知，此处表示学生被要求理解和掌握，require符合语境。Students与require之间存在逻辑上的动宾关系，应用被动语态。空前有be，此处应用动词的过去分词形式。故填required。
6. finally 【解析】句意：……从准备蔬菜到________能够独立完成家庭烹饪的整个过程。分析句子结构可知此处缺少副词作状语。根据“from preparing vegetables”可知，此处表示到最终能够独立完成家庭烹饪。故填finally。
7. are 【解析】句意：这些将是孩子们的终身技能，帮助他们成长为全面发展的个体，而不仅仅________能够参加考试的学生。 分析句子结构可知此处缺少系动词。be able to do sth.能够做某事，为固定用法。本句时态为一般现在时，主语为students，系动词应用are。故填are。
8. first 【解析】句意：作为孩子们的________老师，父母也应该鼓励…… 分析句子结构可知此处缺少限定词。 根据“parents should also encourage children to learn 9.________ to do chores at home”及常识可知，此处表示孩子们的第一任老师。故填first。
9. how 【解析】 句意：……父母也应该鼓励孩子们学习________在家做家务。分析句子结构可知此处缺少宾语从句引导词。根据“learn”可知，此处表示学习如何在家做家务。故填how。
10. both 【解析】句意：对学生来说，在学校________家里接受劳动教育非常重要。both...and...两者都，为固定搭配。故填both。
Passage 8
【主旨大意】本文是一篇记叙文。主要讲述的是Dan Parks 和 Sue Barrington看完电影之后丢失自行车报警的事情经过。
1. good 【解析】句意：“是的，他是个________演员，”Dan回答说。分析句子结构可知此处缺少形容词作定语。根据上文“‘I love Eddie Redmayne，' says Sue.”并结合备选词汇可知good符合语境。故填good。
2. five 【解析】句意：已经________点钟了。根据空处后面的o'clock可知此处应该表示的是几点钟，结合备选词汇可知five符合语境。故填five。
3. are 【解析】句意：在牛津有很多自行车。分析句子结构可知该句式是一个there be句型。根据a lot of bikes并结合备选词汇可知此处应用be的复数形式。故填are。
4. can't 【解析】句意：他找Sue的自行车，但是他________看见它。分析句子结构可知此处缺少情态动词。根据句意并结合备选词汇可知can't符合语境。故填can't。
5. mine 【解析】句意：“________在哪里？”Sue问。分析句子结构可知此处缺少表语。根据句意并结合备选词汇可知I的名词性物主代词符合语境，表示我的自行车。故填mine。
6. in 【解析】句意：然后他们看到她的自行车锁在地上——________两截。分析句子结构可知此处缺少介词。根据句意并结合备选词汇可知in符合语境，表示的是锁的状态。故填in。
7. Wait for 【解析】句意：“________我，”他对Sue说，然后跑过了街道。分析句子结构可知此处缺少动词短语构成祈使句。根据句意并结合备选词汇可知wait for符合语境，指的是让Sue等他。注意句首单词首字母需大写。故填Wait for。
8. back 【解析】句意：他隔着警车的窗户说话，________指着她。分析句子结构可知此处缺少副词。根据句意并结合备选词汇可知back符合语境，指的是回头指着Sue。故填back。
9. missing 【解析】句意：你朋友告诉我你的自行车________。分析句子结构可知此处缺少表语。根据空白处前面的is并结合备选词汇可知miss的现在分词形式符合语境。故填missing。
10. road 【解析】句意：“嗯，它是蓝色的，”Sue开始说道。“这是一辆________自行车……”分析句子结构可知此处缺少定语。根据句意并结合备选词汇可知road符合语境，指的是公路自行车。故填road。
Passage 9
【主旨大意】本文是一篇说明文。讲述的是Issar和他的朋友为了让孩子们养成用肥皂洗手的好习惯，于是发明了一种肥皂笔。肥皂笔是一种用肥皂制成的笔。孩子们用肥皂笔在手上画画，然后把画洗掉。如果不花足够的时间洗掉，这些颜色会留在孩子们的手上。这对老师们很有帮助。
1. ways 【解析】句意：阻止疾病传播最简单的________之一就是洗手。分析句子结构可知此处缺少名词。one of＋the＋形容词最高级＋可数名词复数，最……之一，为固定用法。结合备选词汇可知way的复数形式符合语境。故填ways。
2. developed 【解析】句意：但是很多孩子还没有________正确的洗手习惯。分析句子结构可知此处缺少谓语动词。根据空白处前面的haven't并结合备选词汇可知，develop的过去分词形式符合语境，构成现在完成时，指的是还没有养成正确的洗手习惯。故填developed。
3. their 【解析】句意：孩子们洗________手的次数不够多，时间不够长。分析句子结构可知此处缺少形容词性质的词作定语。根据主语Children并结合备选词汇可知they的形容词性物主代词符合语境。故填their。
4. solve 【解析】句意：Issar和他的朋友决定用一个有趣的方法________这个问题。decide to do sth.决定做某事，故此处用动词原形。根据句中的problem并结合备选词汇可知solve符合语境，指的是解决问题。故填solve。
5. into 【解析】句意：它把洗手变________了一项有趣的活动。分析句子结构可知此处缺少介词。根据句意并结合备选词汇可知into符合语境。turn into变成，为固定短语。故填into。
6. which 【解析】句意：皂笔，顾名思义，就是用肥皂做成的笔。分析句子结构可知此处缺少定语从句连接词。先行词pen是表示物的名词，在定语从句中做主语，结合备选词汇可知which符合语境。故填which。
7. if 【解析】句意：________孩子们不花足够的时间洗掉这些颜色，它们就会留在孩子们的手上。分析句子结构可知此处缺少连词。根据句意并结合备选词汇可知if符合语境，引导的是条件状语从句。故填if。
8. helpful 【解析】句意：这对老师在课堂上很有________。分析句子结构可知此处缺少形容词作表语。根据句意并结合备选词汇可知help的形容词符合语境，指的是有帮助的。故填helpful。
9. child 【解析】句意：毕竟，不是所有的老师都有时间让每个________正确地洗手。分析句子结构可知此处缺少名词作宾语。根据句中的each并结合备选词汇可知child符合语境，指的是每个孩子。故填child。
10. longer 【解析】句意：孩子们洗手的时间比以前________得多，因为他们喜欢在手上画画。分析句子结构可知此处缺少副词作状语。根据空白处前面的much并结合备选词汇可知long的比较级符合语境，指的是洗手的时间长得多。故填longer。
人与自然——自然生态
Passage 10
【主旨大意】本文是一篇说明文。主要介绍了动物令人堪忧的现状并提出了一些小建议，希望人们能够更好地保护动物。
1. much 【解析】句意：保护动物受到了全世界的________关注。分析句子结构可知空处应填形容词作定语修饰名词attention；根据“Every year IUCN (国际自然保护联盟) reports some important information”并结合备选词汇可知此处指的是得到很多的关注，much符合语境。故填much。
2. danger 【解析】句意：国际自然保护联盟每年都会报告一些关于处于________中的植物和动物的重要信息。分析句子结构可知空处应填名词；根据下文“There are now fewer than 100，000 giraffes in the world today! ”并结合备选词汇可知此处指的是濒危的动物，danger符合语境。故填danger。
3. number 【解析】句意：在过去的 30 年里，长颈鹿的________减少了40%。分析句子结构可知空处应填名词；根据“of giraffes has dropped by 40%”并结合备选词汇可知此处指的是数量，number符合语境。故填number。
4. losing 【解析】句意：由于人类活动，许多动物正在________它们的生命。分析句子结构可知空处应填动词；根据空后的“their lives”和下一句中的“Animals are often killed”可知，此处指的是很多动物正在丧失它们的生命，losing符合语境。故填losing。
5. fun 【解析】句意：人们为了它们的肉、牙齿，甚至只是为了________而杀害动物。分析句子结构可知空处应填名词；根据“even just for”并结合备选词汇可知此处指的是甚至只是为了乐趣，fun符合语境。故填fun。
6. everyone 【解析】句意：如果________都开始做一些事，动物将会得到更多帮助。根据“starts to do something”并结合备选词汇可知此处指的是每个人开始做一些事情，everyone符合语境。故填everyone。
7. give 【解析】句意：你可以在必要时________他们帮助。情态动词后用动词原形。根据“a hand”并结合备选词汇可知此处指的是提供帮助，give符合语境。故填give。
8. outside 【解析】句意：去________看看野生动物。分析句子结构可知空处应填副词作状语；根据“Go”并结合备选词汇可知此处指的是去外面，outside符合语境。故填outside。
9. voice 【解析】句意：你可以为你的动物朋友们________。根据“Animals can't speak for themselves.”可知，此处指的是你可以为动物们发声，voice符合语境。故填voice。
10. difficult 【解析】句意：了解更多关于动物的________情况。分析句子结构可知空处应填形容词作定语；根据“By learning about their problems and pains, you can find new ways to help them.”可知，此处指的是关于动物困难的情况，difficult符合语境。故填difficult。
类型二 提升篇(12选10)
人与自我——生活与学习
Passage 1
【主旨大意】本文是一篇记叙文。主要讲述了在鞋子还没有发明的时代，人们总是光脚走路。一位国王外出旅行，却被石子硌伤了脚，在手下铺牛皮革在路上无果后，有位将军建议，可以用两片牛皮革包住脚，这也是鞋子的由来。这个故事告诉我们： 在遇到困难时，只要转变一下思考问题的方式，就会有另一番天地。
1. travel 【解析】句意：一位国王碰巧要去很远的乡下去________。分析句子结构可知，此处缺少动词，结合备选项词汇可知，travel符合题意；再根据固定搭配“happen to do sth.”可知，此处填入动词原形。故填travel。
2. stones 【解析】句意：他很苦恼，因为路上有很多碎________，严重弄伤了他的脚。根据句意并分析句子结构可知，此处缺少名词；再结合生活常识及备选项词汇可知，stone符合题意，且路上应该有很多石头，需填入复数形式。故填stones。
3. to cover 【解析】句意：等国王回到宫殿，他命令手下用牛皮革________所有的路。根据第二段最后一句“But even if all cattle in the country were killed, there wouldn't be enough hide to get the work done.”可知，此处国王让手下用牛皮革覆盖住路，结合备选项词汇可知，cover符合题意；再根据“tell sb. to do sth.”可知，此处需填入动词不定式。故填to cover。
4. painful 【解析】句意：他希望走路不再是一件________的事情。分析句子结构可知，此处缺少形容词，结合备选项词汇可知，painful符合题意。故填painful。
5. nothing 【解析】句意：除了摇头他们________也做不了。根据句意并结合备选项词汇可知，nothing符合题意。故填nothing。
6. suggestion 【解析】句意：在这个时候，宫殿里一位聪明的将军有了一个________。空前有不定冠词，故此处缺少名词单数形式，结合备选项词汇可知，suggestion符合题意。故填suggestion。
7. only 【解析】句意：你________用两片牛皮革包住自己的脚。分析句子结构可知，此处缺少副词，结合备选项词汇可知，only符合题意。故填only。
8. changed 【解析】句意：国王又惊又喜，他________他的主意并且支持了这个计划。分析句子结构可知，此处缺少动词；再根据句意可知，此处国王改变了铺路的主意，改为用牛皮革包住自己的脚；再根据句中“supported”一词可知，此处时态为一般过去时。故填changed。
9. Though 【解析】句意：________它看起来很奇怪，但是它激励我们保持思考。根据句意可知，此处缺少连词，结合备选项词汇可知，though符合题意。注意句首单词首字母需大写。故填Though。
10. easier 【解析】句意：比起改变世界，改变个人________。根据句意可知，此处缺少形容词，结合备选词汇及生活常识可知，easy符合题意；根据句中“than”一词可知，此处需填入形容词比较级。故填easier。
人与自我——做人与做事
Passage 2
【主旨大意】本文是一篇说明文。主要介绍了残疾人牛钰在2008年汶川地震中失去右腿，但她凭借自己的自信登上上海时装周。现在牛钰作为一名摄影师来为残疾人与公众搭建桥梁。本文旨在让人们更加理解与包容残疾人，以及鼓励他们更加自信地生活。
1. silent 【解析】句意：观众顿时变得________。分析句子成分可知，空处需填形容词作表语，根据句中“suddenly”及备选词汇可知此处指的是安静的，silence的形容词silent符合语境。故填silent。
2. clearly 【解析】句意：然而，过了四五秒钟，牛钰________听到舞台旁边上有人赞叹地说：“太酷了！”分析句子成分可知，空处需填副词，修饰动词heard。根据“So cool！”及备选词汇可知，此处指清楚地听到。clear的副词clearly符合语境。故填clearly。
3. shining 【解析】句意：24岁的牛钰凭借自信成为了上海时装周上的一个________明星，尽管她有着一条假肢。分析句子成分可知，空处需填形容词作定语，修饰名词star。根据语境及备选词汇可知此处指的是闪耀的明星，shine的形容词shining符合语境。故填shining。
4. unluckily 【解析】句意：当牛钰只有11岁时，她________在汶川地震中失去了右腿。分析句子成分可知， 空处需填副词，修饰动词lost。根据语境及备选词汇可知此处指不幸地，luck的反义副词unluckily符合语境。故填unluckily。
5. was touched 【解析】句意：我被他们说的话________。分析句子成分可知，空处需填动词作谓语，根据下句“They said the traditional view was that sports were for people with 6.________ legs, but sports should be a kind of spirit.”及备选词汇可知，此处指牛钰被他们的话触动了，touch符合语境。根据句意及空后的by可知此处为被动语态，且时态为一般过去时。故填was touched。
6. healthy 【解析】句意：他们说，传统观点认为，运动是给有________双腿的人们，但运动应该是一种精神。分析句子成分可知，空处需填形容词作定语，修饰名词legs。根据语境及备选词汇可知此处指的是健康的，health的形容词healthy符合语境。故填healthy。
7. completed 【解析】句意：实际上，牛钰第一次吸引公众的注意是在她________马拉松的时候——2018年在汶川举行的一场42公里的比赛，以纪念汶川地震________周年。分析句子成分可知，空处需填动词作从句的谓语。根据语境及备选词汇可知此处指的是完成，complete符合语境。根据“in 2018”可知时态为一般过去时。故填completed。
8. tenth 【解析】句意：实际上，牛钰第一次吸引公众的注意是在她________马拉松的时候——2018年在汶川举行的一场42公里的比赛，以纪念汶川地震________周年。分析句子成分可知，空处需填序数词。根据语境及备选词汇可知，此处指的是十周年，ten的序数词tenth符合语境。故填tenth。
9. followers 【解析】句意：现在，牛钰是一名摄影师，在抖音等社交平台上拥有超过85万的________。分析句子成分可知，空处需填名词作宾语。根据语境及备选词汇可知此处指的是追随者、粉丝，follow的名词follower符合语境。根据空前的“850，000”可知应用名词的复数形式。故填followers。
10. better/well 【解析】句意：“向公众展示我的生活可以让他们________了解我们的群体，也可以告诉其他残疾人，我们的社会比他们想象的更宽容，”她解释道。分析句子成分可知，空处需填副词，修饰动词understand。根据语境及备选词汇可知此处指的是很好地或者更好地，well和well的比较级better都符合语境。故填better/well。
Passage 3
【主旨大意】本文是一篇记叙文。讲述了汤姆的父亲担心他一点勇气都没有，希望他成为一个勇敢的人，所以他决定请一位大师来训练他。大师答应他会在三个月内把汤姆变成一个真正的男人。 三个月后，大师安排了一场汤姆和一名经验丰富的拳击手之间的拳击比赛。每次拳击手打他时，他都摔倒，但他马上站了起来。父亲觉得很丢人。大师却说你只看到了孩子被打倒，你没看到他每次摔倒都重新站起来不放弃吗？最后，汤姆的父亲明白了大师说的话。
1. worried 【解析】句意：他的父亲________他，因为他一点勇气也没有。分析句子结构可知此处缺少谓语动词。根据句意并结合备选词汇可知worry符合语境，根据句中的had，可知此处应该用一般过去时。故填worried。
2. brave 【解析】句意：汤姆的父亲希望他的儿子成为一个________人。分析句子结构可知此处缺少形容词作定语。根据上文“His father 1.________ about him because he had no courage at all.”并结合备选词汇可知brave符合语境，指的是让他成为一个勇敢的人。故填brave。
3. your 【解析】句意：你应该把________儿子一个人留在这里。分析句子结构可知此处缺少定语。根据句意并结合备选词汇可知you的形容词性物主代词符合语境。故填your。
4. in 【解析】句意：我将在三个月________使他成为一个真正的男人。分析句子结构可知此处缺少介词。根据句意并结合备选词汇可知in符合语境，介词短语做时间状语。故填in。
5. match 【解析】句意：大师安排这个男孩和一位经验丰富的拳击手进行一场拳击________。分析句子结构可知此处缺少宾语。根据下文“Each time the fighter struck(击打) the boy，he fell down...”并结合备选词汇可知match符合语境，指的是拳击比赛。故填match。
6. but 【解析】句意：拳击手每次打男孩时，他都倒下了，________男孩马上站起来。分析句子结构可知此处缺少连词。根据句意并结合备选词汇可知but符合语境，表示转折关系。故填but。
7. how 【解析】句意：现在你觉得你的孩子________？分析句子结构可知此处缺少疑问词。根据句意并结合备选词汇可知how符合语境。故填how。
8. easily 【解析】句意：我从没想过他会这么________被打倒。分析句子结构可知此处缺少副词作状语。根据句意并结合备选词汇可知easy的副词形式符合语境。故填easily。
9. all 【解析】句意：很抱歉，那就是你看到的________。分析句子结构可知此处缺少表语。根据句意并结合备选词汇可知all符合语境，指的是眼前的一切。故填all。
10. to have 【解析】句意：如果你想让他________这种勇气，他做得很好。分析句子结构可知此处缺少宾语补足语。根据句意并结合备选词汇可知have符合语境，want sb. to do sth.想要某人做某事。故填to have。
Passage 4
【主旨大意】本文是一篇记叙文。主要讲的是Laura在父母的引导下，在劳动节的时候通过劳动获得了一份特殊的快乐。
1. happily 【解析】句意：下车后，劳拉________跑进了房子。分析句子结构可知，空处应填副词，根据第三段Laura的话并结合备选词汇可知happy的副词符合语境。故填happily。
2. her 【解析】句意：“今天在学校怎么样，劳拉？” ________妈妈问。根据第二、三段可知这里是Laura的妈妈在问她。结合备选词汇可知she的形容词性物主代词符合语境。故填her。
3. will have/am going to have/am having 【解析】句意：我很兴奋，下周一我________不用上学了！根据常识并结合备选词汇可知have符合语境；根据“next Monday”可知时态为一般将来时。故填will have/am going to have/am having。
4. to do 【解析】句意：他说，为了纪念劳动节，他们家计划________一些清洁工作。plan to do sth.计划做某事；do some cleaning大扫除，固定短语，结合备选词汇可知to do符合语境。故填to do。
5. things 【解析】句意：今天我们有很多________要做。因为空前有many，故后跟可数名词复数，结合备选词汇可知thing的复数符合语境。故填things。
6. was celebrated 【解析】句意：但是你妈妈和我认为今天努力工作就会让你明白为什么一开始________劳动节。分析句子结构可知，空处单词在宾语从句中作谓语，应填动词，联系上下文，Laura的爸爸妈妈想通过劳动节让她去做一些事情，从而明白为什么要庆祝劳动节。因为主语是劳动节，所以谓语动词用被动语态；又根据空后in the beginning可知，时态为一般过去时。结合备选词汇可知celebrate的一般过去时的被动语态符合语境。故填was celebrated。
7. told 【解析】句意：在那之后，她爸爸________她给他们的狗洗澡。分析句子结构可知，空处单词在句中作谓语，应填动词；结合备选词汇可知tell符合语境，tell sb. to do sth. 告诉某人做某事，固定搭配，根据上下文语境可知动作发生在过去，应填动词过去式。故填told。
8. interesting 【解析】句意：当她给狗洗澡有很多泡泡时，她发现这很________。根据倒数第三段最后一句可知，Laura刚开始非常不高兴，而倒数第二段第一句却说情况有所改变，推断出空处表示她发现劳动也是如此的有趣。结合备选词汇可知interest的形容词符合语境。故填interesting。
9. cleaner 【解析】句意：做完家务后，劳拉很高兴看到院子比以前________了。因为空后有“than before”，所以此处应填形容词比较级，根据句意可知，此时院子看起来比以前更干净了，结合备选词汇可知clean的比较级符合语境。故填cleaner。
10. meaningful 【解析】句意：做一些________的事情也可以得到特殊的乐趣。分析上文可知，Laura在五一假期做了一些非常有意义的事情，从而获得了特别的快乐。所以空处单词在句中修饰不定代词something，填形容词，结合备选词汇可知meaning的形容词符合语境。故填meaningful。
人与社会——历史、社会与文化
Passage 5
【主旨大意】本文是一篇说明文。主要介绍了老虎在不同文化中有不同的象征意义。
1. G 【解析】句意：老虎在中国和西方国家都很________。分析句子结构可知此处缺少形容词作表语。根据句意并结合备选词汇可知popular符合语境，指老虎很受欢迎。故选G。
2. K 【解析】句意：你想了解不同________里关于老虎的一些事情吗？分析句子结构可知此处缺少名词。根据第二段第一句和第三段第一句可知cultures符合语境。故选K。
3. C 【解析】句意：它是万兽之________。分析句子结构可知此处缺少名词。根据句意并结合常识可知此处指老虎是万兽之王。king符合语境。故选C。
4. H 【解析】句意：据说出生于虎年的________勇敢又强壮。分析句子结构可知此处缺少名词。根据句意并结合备选词汇可知persons符合语境。故选H。
5. A 【解析】句意：你可以在房子的墙上________老虎的图片。分析句子结构可知此处缺少动词作谓语。根据句意和备选词汇可知see符合语境。故选A。
6. L 【解析】句意：这是因为房主们________远离不好的东西。分析句子结构可知此处缺少动词。根据句意和备选词汇可知hope符合语境。故选L。
7. D 【解析】句意：在西方文化中，老虎在人们的眼中________是很有力量的动物。分析句子结构可知此处不缺成分，考虑填副词。根据句意并结合备选词汇可知also符合语境。故选D。
8. I 【解析】句意：在英语中，________你想让某人保持冷静，你可以说“easy tiger”。分析前后半句之间的逻辑关系可知此处为条件状语从句，应用if引导。故选I。
9. J 【解析】句意：有________短语“eye of the tiger”，意思是凶猛和力量。分析句子结构可知此处缺少形容词作定语。根据句意和备选词汇可知another符合语境。故选J。
10. E 【解析】句意：现在，你可能________了解老虎了。分析句子结构可知此处不缺成分，考虑填副词。根据句意并结合备选词汇可知better符合语境。故选E。
类型三 其他选词填空
人与自我——生活与学习
Passage 1
【主旨大意】本文是一篇记叙文。主要讲述了迈克分享自己去爬山的经历，迈克因为路上都是石头，爬山太累所以放弃了，但是父母引导迈克关注周围美丽的风景。本文启示我们，最美好的事物往往就是我们身边那些小事，不要为了最终的目标而忽略了沿途的风景。
1. sadly 【解析】句意：一个叫迈克的小男孩从山上________回到了家。分析句子结构可知此处缺少副词作状语。根据第三段中“cried”可知sad的副词形式符合语境，表示迈克悲伤地回来了。故填sadly。
2. high 【解析】句意： 山那么________，一路上都是大大小小的石头。分析句子结构可知此处缺少形容词作表语，根据句中的mountain并结合备选词汇height可知其形容词形式high符合语境，表示山非常高。故填high。
3. myself 【解析】句意：但________站在山顶是我从小的梦想！ 分析句子结构可知此处by＋...作方式状语。根据句意并结合备选词汇可知I的反身代词myself符合语境，表示通过“我”自己登上山顶。故填myself。
4. climbing 【解析】句意：________山的时候你注意到了什么？ 分析句子结构可知此处缺少动词，根据句中的mountain并结合备选词汇可知climb的现在分词形式符合语境。故填climbing。
5. nature 【解析】句意：你感受到________的美了吗？ 分析句子结构可知此处缺少名词，根据句意并结合备选词汇可知natural的名词形式符合语境，表示感受到大自然的美。故填nature。
6. thought about 【解析】句意：迈克________一会儿这个问题。分析句子结构可知此处缺少谓语动词，根据句意并结合备选词汇可知think about符合语境；根据文章内容可知此处应该用一般过去时，表示迈克思考了一会儿。故填thought about。
7. achieved 【解析】句意：虽然你没有登上山顶，但你已经________了很大的成就。分析句子结构可知此处缺少谓语动词，根据空白处前面的have并结合备选词汇可知achieve的过去分词形式符合语境，与空前have构成现在完成时，表示取得了很大的成就。故填achieved。
8. most 【解析】句意： 这是你生命中________珍贵的课之一。分析句子结构可知此处缺少限定词修饰形容词valuable，根据句意并结合备选词汇可知much的最高级形式符合语境，表示最珍贵的一课。故填most。
Passage 2
【主旨大意】本文是一篇说明文。主要介绍了当学习英语感到有压力和困惑时如何应对的三条建议。
1. confused 【解析】句意：当你学英语的时候，你会感到有压力和________吗？分析句子结构可知，此处缺少形容词与stressed并列作表语。再结合句意及备选词汇可知，此处是指感到有压力和困惑，选词confuse，此处应用其形容词形式。故填confused。
2. suggestions 【解析】句意：如果你是这样的，这里有一些________可以帮助你。分析句子结构可知，此处缺少名词。再结合句意及备选词汇可知，此处是指一些建议，选词suggest, 且空前有some，应用可数名词的复数形式。故填suggestions。
3. getting 【解析】句意：________一个笔友怎么样？分析句子结构可知，空后为名词，此处应用动词。再结合句意及备选词汇可知，此处是指获得一个笔友，选词get, 介词about后应用动名词形式。故填getting。
4. twice 【解析】句意：一周读一次或________英语报纸是一个明智的想法。根据句意及备选词汇可知，此处是指一周一次或两次，选词two，此处应用其副词形式。故填twice。
5. quickly 【解析】句意：你将会________扩充你的词汇量。分析句子结构可知，此处缺少副词修饰build up。再结合句意及备选词汇可知，此处是指很快地扩充你的词汇量，选词quick，此处应用其副词形式。故填quickly。
人与社会——历史、社会与文化
Passage 3
【主旨大意】本文是一篇说明文。主要讲述了两次登上太空的中国宇航员王亚平为追求自己的太空梦想刻苦训练，克服重重困难，最终成功登上太空，成为中国第二位到太空旅行的女性宇航员的故事。
1. space 【解析】句意：2013年，她成为第二个到________旅行的中国女性。分析句子结构可知，此处为travel to sp.，到某处旅游，故空处应为表示地点的名词；根据“Wang Yaping is an astronaut.”并结合备选词汇可知，她应是第二位到太空旅行的中国女性。故填space。
2. to be 【解析】句意：王亚平________一名宇航员刻苦训练了很多年。分析句子结构可知，空处应为动词不定式表目的；根据前文“Wang Yaping is an astronaut.” 并结合备选词汇可知，她应是为了成为宇航员刻苦训练。故填to be。
3. desert 【解析】句意：最艰苦的部分是________训练。分析句子结构可知，空处应为定语修饰名词training。根据下文“she walked several kilometers through the 5.________ and sandy desert”可知，最艰苦的部分是沙漠训练。故填desert。
4. heavy 【解析】句意：穿着太空服，背着特殊且________的装备…… 分析句子结构可知，and连接两个并列的形容词作定语修饰名词equipment，故空处应为形容词；根据“The hardest part was 3.________ training.”可知，她应是背着很重的装备。故填heavy。
5. hot 【解析】句意：她穿过既________又充满风沙的沙漠。分析句子结构可知，and连接两个并列的形容词作定语修饰名词desert；根据“sandy”并结合备选词汇可知，此处应是炎热的沙漠。故填 hot。
6. see 【解析】句意：她说：“有时天刮着风，空中布满灰尘，尽管我们只有几米远，但我们都不能________彼此。”空前有情态动词couldn't，故空处应为动词原形；根据“Sometimes it was so windy and dusty(布满灰尘的)”并结合备选词汇可知，人们应是看不见彼此。故填see。
7. loves 【解析】句意：王亚平________她的工作。分析句子结构可知，空处应为句子的谓语动词；根据文章最后一句中“it's me becoming one of the first few”并结合备选词汇可知，她应是热爱自己的工作，故应用动词love；此处在说明其状态，句子时态为一般现在时。根据主语“Wang”可知，动词应用第三人称单数形式。故填loves。
8. Chinese 【解析】句意：她记得观看第一位________宇航员进入太空的场景。分析句子结构可知，空处应为形容词修饰名词astronaut；根据“I was so proud and also very excited.”并结合备选词汇可知，她应是观看第一位中国宇航员进入太空的场景。故填Chinese。
9. when 【解析】句意：但是我观看它________，我的脑子里闪过一个想法…… 分析句子结构可知，空处应为连词连接句子，根据语境并结合备选词汇可知，此处应是指在观看的时候产生的念头。故填when。
10. then 【解析】句意：……我们已经有男，女飞行员，________男宇航员。分析句子结构可知，空处应为副词；根据语境并结合备选词汇可知，此处表示递进关系，应用副词then。故填then。
11. woman 【解析】句意：何时才会有________宇航员呢？分析句子结构可知，空处应为形容词或限定词修饰名词astronaut；根据上文“a man astronaut”并结合备选词汇可知，此处是指王亚平在想何时才会有女宇航员。故填woman。
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