高中试卷答案网渝北中学2023-2024学年度高三12月月考质量监测
英语试题
(全卷共四大题67小题，总分150分;考试时长120分钟。)
注意事项：
1.答题前，考生先将自己的姓名、考号填写清楚。
2.请将所有答案写在答题卡上，不得在试卷上直接作答。
3.选择题部分请按题号用2B铅笔填涂。
4.非选择题部分请按题号用0.5毫米黑色墨水签字笔书写。
第一部分 听力(共两节，满分30分)
第一节(共5小题;每小题1.5分，满分7.5分)
听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。
例:How much is the shirt
A. ￡19.15. B.￡ 9.18. C.￡ 9.15.
答案是C。
1. 【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】
Where does the conversation take place
A. In a supermarket. B. On a farm. C. At home.
【答案】C
【解析】
【原文】W: I just bought some strawberries from the supermarket. The salesperson said they were fresh from the farm.
M: I’ll go to the kitchen and wash them.
2. 【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】
What does the woman want the man to do
A. Meet a client.
B. Translate a document.
C. Prepare meeting materials.
【答案】B
【解析】
【原文】W: Bill, I am busy preparing meeting materials. I was wondering if you could help me translate this file.
M: Is that urgent I need to meet a client later.
W: Yes. In that case, I’ll ask someone else for help.
3. 【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】
What are the speakers mainly discussing
A. A play. B. An actor. C. A case.
【答案】B
【解析】
【原文】M: I like this actor. His acting is excellent. He once played a carpenter in a play.
W: I like his role as a policeman who solves many tough cases. He really inspires me. I want to be like him when I graduate.
4. 【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】
What does the woman think of Jacob
A. He’s competent. B. He’s experienced. C. He’s bad-tempered.
【答案】A
【解析】
【原文】M: I heard that Jacob had a quarrel with our boss. He is not experienced in work and has a bad temper.
W: But I think Jacob is quite capable of doing much work.
5. 【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】
Who is the woman probably talking to
A. A doctor. B. Her husband. C. Her son.
【答案】A
【解析】
原文】W: My son has been sneezing a lot this morning. Can you examine him
M: Oh, let me see. How old is he
W: Three years old.
M: He just has a cold. I will prescribe him something for that.
第二节(共15小题;每小题1.5分，满分22.5分)
听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟;听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。
听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】
6. What is the man’s attitude towards Al
A. Supportive. B. Disapproving. C. Objective.
7. What will the speakers do next
A. Go to the bank. B. Order some food. C. Return home.
【答案】6. C 7. B
【解析】
【原文】W: Now artificial intelligence (AI) is used in all aspects. The National Center for Missing &Exploited Children has used AI to help many missing children return home.
M: That’s a good thing. However, you can’t ignore that AI can also be harmful to humans. For instance, AI is bound to have access to many users’ private data, and it sometimes cannot protect privacy well.
W: But it’s really convenient. And a lot of processes can be automated when you’re at the bank.
M: Yeah. Let’s order first and talk over dinner, okay
W: OK.
听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】
8. When does the conversation take place
A. On December 15th. B. On December 10th. C. On December 5th.
9. What is the woman’s nationality
A. Chinese. B. Japanese. C. Korean.
10. What does the man always do on his birthdays
A. Have longevity noodles. B. Have seaweed soup. C. Go out to sing karaoke.
【答案】8. C 9. A 10. B
【解析】
【原文】W: My birthday is only 10 days away, and I plan to spend it with my parents.
M: Is that on December 15th
W: Yeah.
M: What do you usually do to celebrate your birthday
W: I usually have longevity noodles and go out to sing karaoke.
M: Are you from China
W: Yes, but I work in Japan now.
M: I see. In Korea, we always have seaweed soup on our birthdays.
W: I know, because I often see that in Korean dramas.
听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】
11. Why does the woman study Russian
A. She’s interested in it.
B. She wants to make more friends.
C. She’s going abroad.
12. What does the woman find difficult in learning Russian
A. Pronunciation. B. Vocabulary. C. Grammar.
13. What does the man advise the woman to do
A. Read Russian aloud every morning.
B. Do more grammar practice and reflect.
C. Memorize the words frequently.
【答案】11. A 12. C 13. B
【解析】
【原文】W: I’m having difficulty in learning Russian.
M: I didn’t know you were learning Russian. Are you going abroad
W: No. I’m just fascinated by Russian itself. I have asked many friends for advice. I remember you are a Russian major, right
M: Yeah. Do you have trouble with pronunciation, or anything else
W: In fact, I listen to tapes and read Russian aloud every morning, so I think my pronunciation is not bad. Besides, I’m good at memorizing the words, so my vocabulary is also good. The problem is that I really don’t understand the use of grammar.
M: It is essential for beginners to lay a solid foundation. You should do more grammar exercises and give yourself time for reflection. Practice makes perfect.
W: I see. Thank you.
听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】
14. Why will the man go to California
A. For sightseeing. B. For a wedding. C. For a meeting.
15. Where are the speakers
A. In Texas. B. In Nevada. C. In Alaska.
16. How much does the man need to pay
A. $300. B. $320. C. $340.
17. How will the man pay
A. By check. B. By bank card. C. In cash.
【答案】14. C 15. B 16. A 17. C
【解析】
【原文】W: Thrifty Car Rental. Can I help you
M: Yeah. My friend recommended your company to me. She rented your car and went to Texas for sightseeing last month. I’m going to California for a conference this weekend and it’s a short drive from Nevada to get there so I have to rent a car for two days.
W: Okay. What size do you have in mind
M: A mid-sized car is perfect.
W: How about that black car $170 a day, including tax and insurance.
M: Can you make it a little cheaper
W: How about $10 off
M: Come on. My sister is getting married in Alaska next month. If I’m satisfied with your company this time, I’ll definitely come back again next month.
W: Well, in that case, I would ask $150 a day.
M: Deal.
W: How would you like to pay, by check or bank card
M: I’m sorry I only carry some cash on me.
W: Okay. And remember to return the car with a full tank of gas.
听下面一段独白，回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】
18. What did the study of people waiting for medical results show
A. Less than half reported a change in their emotional state.
B. Only half of the people were anxious.
C. 85% of the people handled their anxiety well.
19. What may happen to you when you are under stress
A. Planning your journey ahead.
B. Ignoring some important details.
C. Waiting to be called by friends.
20. What is the speaker’s last suggestion
A. Focus on something else.
B. Skip your normal routine.
C. Avoid searching for symptoms online.
【答案】18. A 19. B 20. C
【解析】
【原文】W: Not so long ago, I had a couple of physical checkups,which—thankfully—tuned out to be nothing serious. But for those ten long days while I was waiting for the results, I was a nervous wreck. Frankly,I could have handled it better. Don’t Be Hard on Yourself. We all cope differently in times of stress. A 2017 US study of people waiting for medical results found that just under half reported a “change in emotional state”—and 85 percent of this group said they were anxious. Check the Small Stuff. If you’re expecting a phone call,check which number you’ll be called on and at approximately what time. If you have an in-person appointment,plan your journey in advance. It sounds obvious, but it’s these all-important details that tend to slip through the net, particularly when we’re under stress.
Try to Distract Yourself . Sticking to your normal routine is usually the best option. Being physically active gives your brain something else to focus on,which helps lower stress and anxiety levels. Don’t Consult “Dr. Google”. Every time a scary new thought pops into your head, it’s all too easy to start googling symptoms and potential outcomes. But remember,whatever information you find online won’t be specific to your situation and could well be inaccurate or misleading.
第二部分 阅读理解(共两节，满分50分)
第一节(共15小题;每小题2.5分，满分37.5分)
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。
A
Favourable Christmas Stays in London
In recent years, the UK has formed an increasingly strong Christmas market scene. Below we have highlighted one of the biggest Christmas markets, Wowcher.
Pricing
Wowcher is giving a 99 overnight London hotel stay for Christmas for two people at the four-star Crown Hotel near Notting Hill. Visitors can also upgrade their stay: a two-night break for two with breakfast starts from 205, and a three-night stay for two with a two-course dinner starts from 295. Every extra bed costs 20% of the total.
Available activities
Visitors can obtain a fantastic trip in the dynamic West End and feel the festive atmosphere in world-famous shopping destinations such as Oxford Street. While London is famous for upscale department stores like Harrods and Selfridges, during the festive season, seasonal stands arise at prosperous Christmas markets selling local conventional goods for truly unique Christmas gifts. You can also catch the Christmas lights show in Regent Street or listen to the carol (圣诞颂歌) singers at St Martin-in-the-Fields.
Booking
Choose your dates and fill in your private information, like driving licences, passports and so forth for your later hotel registration.
One 99 voucher (优惠券) is valid for only two people. Purchase your voucher and complete the deal.
Wait to reccive a code to your email account which you need to input online later to confirm your booking.
This incredible deal can be used on selected dates between December 24 and 30, 2023, although it only is available to purchase on the Wowcher website until December 15. Besides, the dinner option is available on the first night only.
21. How much should a couple pay for a 3-night stay with their 7-year-old son
A. 354. B. 304. C. 295. D. 236.
22. Which activity can visitors enjoy in Regent Street
A. Learning seasoning skills. B. Admiring charming lights.
C. Appreciating Christmas carols. D. Purchasing local traditional goods.
23. Which of the following is TRUE about booking a stay
A. If your deal involves a dinner, it is only available on Christmas.
B. Adding basic personal information is an essential for later check-in.
C. Receiving a code to your email account means the success of the booking.
D. You can purchase the voucher on the Wowcher website on Christmas eve.
【答案】21. A 22. B 23. B
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇应用文，主要介绍的是伦敦一家酒店的圣诞住宿优惠。
【21题详解】
细节理解题。根据Pricing部分的“a three-night stay for two with a two-course dinner starts from 295. Every extra bed costs 20% of the total.(两人住三晚(含两道菜晚餐)起价295英镑。每增加一张床要付总价的20%)”可知，一对夫妇带着他们7岁的儿子住3晚要付的钱是 295+ 295*20%= 354，故选A。
【22题详解】
细节理解题。根据Available activities部分的“You can also catch the Christmas lights show in Regent Street or listen to the carol (圣诞颂歌) singers at St Martin-in-the-Fields.(你也可以在Regent Street观看圣诞彩灯表演，或者在St Martin-in-the-Fields听颂歌)”可知，游客可以在Regent Street欣赏迷人的灯光。故选B。
【23题详解】
细节理解题。根据Booking部分“Choose your dates and fill in your private information, like driving licences, passports and so forth for your later hotel registration.(选择您的日期并填写您的私人信息，如驾驶执照，护照等，以便您稍后登记酒店)”可知，预定时添加基本的个人信息对于以后的登记入住是必要的。故选B。
B
Five years ago, a couple found a baby owl, near-death, on their lawn. They consulted with me because of my experience with owls and hawks. Eventually my wife and I undertook the task of treating the owl, Alfie, waiting out a developmental delay (most of her flight feathers came especially late that first summer) , and then we taught her to fly and hunt. Alfie disappeared for a week. Then she chose to return, centering her territory (地盘) on our backyard. I put a nest box on my writing studio.
Alfie’s first free-living year— mating, raising her first baby— coincided with the COVID-19 that limited us to our yard. Friends said the birds were singing aloud and happily. From Alfie’s performance, I saw humans’ unrest and worry when facing the unexpected virus. When Alfie and her mate, Plus-One, played in the shade, the daily rhythms and quietness of the owls’ world contrasted with our life.
Many cultures view owls as messengers of God. However, Alfie is flesh and feathers: her heart pumps blood red as ours. She has her comforts and fears. She is a very real little being overall. Yet, throughout the isolation to prevent the spread of disease, Alfie loosed herself, living comfortably with her mate in the yard, which certainly inspired me and my family with hope. She is, in reality, a messenger, one conveying the real meaning of life.
To be fully present in life and love, so natural for Alfie, remains a work in progress for me. Alfie is the perfect little philosophical master. She enjoys a freedom unpolluted by criticism or doubt, and a liberty as the air flows beneath her wings. Resisting nothing, she is pure presence, here now. Perhaps I’d long labored toward the place where Alfie was effortlessly taking me, a sense of openness, showing what’s possible when we mess up our accustomed boundaries.
Alfie remains our magical light of the nighttime backyard. By day she usually stays in a couple of favorite shaded spots. The choice is always hers. Free within limits; that’s the universe for her. It can inspire a life’s work.
24. What can we learn about Alfie from the first two paragraphs
A. She had a quick recovery. B. She was first found by the author.
C. She set up a family in the backyard. D. She was badly affected by the COVID-19.
25. How does Alfie inspire the author and his family with hope
A. She lives a relaxed life. B. She has no fears at all.
C. She has red blood as humans. D. She is viewed as a messenger of God.
26. What does the author mean by describing Alfie’s freedom as “unpolluted by criticism or doubt” in paragraph 4
A. Alfie is not influenced by social development.
B. Alfie is free from physical and mental limitations.
C. Alfie is completely independent and self-sufficient.
D. Alfie is not affected by external judgment or uncertainty.
27. What is the text mainly about
A. The author’s successful rescue of an owl.
B. The author’s reflection on life through an owl.
C. The author’s precious friendship with an owl.
D. The author’s fight against a pandemic with an owl.
【答案】24. C 25. A 26. D 27. B
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇记叙文，主要讲的是作者夫妇救治了一只猫头鹰，并从它在后院的生活方式中得到了启示。
【24题详解】
细节理解题。根据第一段“Then she chose to return, centering her territory (地盘) on our backyard. I put a nest box on my writing studio.(然后她选择回来，把她的地盘集中在我们的后院。我在我的写作工作室放了一个窝盒。)”和第二段“Alfie’s first free-living year— mating, raising her first baby— coincided with the COVID-19 that limited us to our yard.(Alfie自由生活的第一年——交配，抚养她的第一个孩子——恰逢新冠病毒将我们限制在院子里。)”可知，从前两段我们可以了解到Alfie在后院组建了家庭。故选C。
【25题详解】
推理判断题。根据倒数第三段“Yet, throughout the isolation to prevent the spread of disease, Alfie loosed herself, living comfortably with her mate in the yard, which certainly inspired me and my family with hope.(然而，为了防止疾病传播，在整个隔离期间，Alfie放松了自己，和她的伴侣在院子里舒适地生活，这无疑给我和我的家人带来了希望。)”可知，Alfie过着悠闲放松的日子，这给作者和他的家人带来了希望。故选A。
【26题详解】
词句猜测题。根据倒数第二段“She enjoys a freedom unpolluted by criticism or doubt, and a liberty as the air flows beneath her wings. Resisting nothing, she is pure presence, here now.(她享有一种不受批评或怀疑污染的自由，一种像空气在她翅膀下流动的自由。她不抗拒任何东西，她是纯粹的存在，此时此地。)”可知，她只是她自己，不受外界的评论，因此“unpolluted by criticism or doubt”的意思是Alfie不受外界判断或不确定性的影响。故选D。
【27题详解】
主旨大意题。通读全文，尤其是倒数第三段“Yet, throughout the isolation to prevent the spread of disease, Alfie loosed herself, living comfortably with her mate in the yard, which certainly inspired me and my family with hope. She is, in reality, a messenger, one conveying the real meaning of life.(然而，为了防止疾病传播，在整个隔离期间，Alfie放松了自己，和她的伴侣在院子里舒适地生活，这无疑给我和我的家人带来了希望。实际上，她是一个信使，一个传达生命真正意义的人。)”和倒数第二段“Perhaps I’d long labored toward the place where Alfie was effortlessly taking me, a sense of openness, showing what’s possible when we mess up our accustomed boundaries.(也许我一直在努力走向阿尔菲毫不费力地带我去的地方，一种开放的感觉，展示了当我们打破习惯的界限时，什么都是可能的。)”可知，本文主要讲的是作者夫妇救治了一只猫头鹰，并从它在后院的生活方式中得到了启示，因此主旨是B选项“The author’s reflection on life through an owl.(作者通过一只猫头鹰对人生的思考。)”。故选B。
C
Digital reading appears to be destroying habits of “deep reading”. Astonishing numbers of people with years of schooling are actually illiterate and ignorant. This month’s Ljubljana Manifesto (宣言) explains: “The digital field may promote more reading than ever in history, but it also offers many temptations to read in a superficial(肤浅的)and scattered manner— or even not to read at all. This increasingly endangers higher-level reading.”
That’s frightening, because “higher-level reading” has been essential to civilization. It enabled the enlightenment and an international increase in empathy. Without it, we would suffer a lot. As the Ljubljana Manifesto notes, “one-third of Europeans struggle even with lower-level reading skills.” More than one-fifth of adults in the US “fall into the illiterate/functionally illiterate category”. Separately, post-pandemic reading scores for American 13-year-olds are the lowest in decades. And the Washington-based Center for Global Development recently estimated that literacy in South Asia and sub-Saharan Africa among those with five years of schooling has decreased by 10% this past half century.
Experts in the Ljubljana Manifesto record the demerits of digital reading: “Recent studies of various kinds indicate a decline of critical and conscious reading, slow reading, non-strategic reading and long-form reading.” When you read a book on paper, you can be entirely inside the experience, absorb hundreds of pages of details thoroughly and begin to capture the world’s complexity. But online, says Maryanne Wolf of UCLA, we are “skimming, scanning, scrolling(滚屏)”. The medium is the message: doing deep reading on your phone is as hard as playing tennis with your phone. Recently, a bright 11-year-old told me I was wasting time on books: he absorbed more information faster from Wikipedia. He had a point. But digital readers also absorb more misinformation and seldom absorb fine perspectives.
In short, as professors from Northwestern University foresaw in 2005, we are returning to the days when only an elite (精英) “reading class” consumes long texts, which is a worrying problem.
28. What can we learn about digital reading from paragraph 1
A. Digital reading has solved the problem of illiteracy.
B. Digital reading has lessened the practice of deep reading.
C. Digital reading has made deep reading accessible to wider readers.
D. Digital reading has aroused a greater appreciation for deep reading.
29. What is the purpose of the figures used in paragraph 2
A. To display the popularity of digital reading.
B. To highlight the advantages of deep reading.
C. To present the unfavorable situation of literacy.
D. To stress the illiterate’s lower-level reading skills.
30. What does the underlined word “demerits” in paragraph 3 mean
A. Effects. B. functions C. Features. D. Drawbacks.
31. What might be talked about in the following paragraph
A. Advantages of digital reading. B. Benefits of higher-level reading.
C. Ways to encourage digital reading. D. Measures to practice deep reading.
【答案】28. B 29. C 30. D 31. D
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇说明文。主要介绍了数字阅读对深度阅读习惯的破坏性影响，以及深度阅读在文明和人类发展中的重要性。
【28题详解】
细节理解题。根据第一段中“Digital reading appears to be destroying habits of “deep reading”.”（数字阅读似乎正在破坏“深度阅读”的习惯。）以及“The digital field may promote more reading than ever in history, but it also offers many temptations to read in a superficial(肤浅的)and scattered manner— or even not to read at all. This increasingly endangers higher-level reading.”（数字领域可能比历史上任何时候都促进了更多的阅读，但它也提供了许多诱惑，以肤浅和分散的方式阅读——甚至根本不阅读。这越来越危及更高水平的阅读。）可知，从第一段中我们可以了解到数字阅读减少了深度阅读的练习。故选B项。
【29题详解】
推理判断题。根据第二段中“As the Ljubljana Manifesto notes, “one-third of Europeans struggle even with lower-level reading skills.” More than one-fifth of adults in the US “fall into the illiterate/functionally illiterate category”. Separately, post-pandemic reading scores for American 13-year-olds are the lowest in decades. And the Washington-based Center for Global Development recently estimated that literacy in South Asia and sub-Saharan Africa among those with five years of schooling has decreased by 10% this past half century.”（正如《卢布尔雅那宣言》所指出的，“三分之一的欧洲人甚至在较低水平的阅读技能上挣扎。”超过五分之一的美国成年人“属于文盲/功能性文盲”。另外，大流行后美国13岁儿童的阅读分数是几十年来最低的。总部位于华盛顿的全球发展中心(Center for Global Development)最近估计，在过去的半个世纪里，南亚和撒哈拉以南非洲地区接受过5年教育的儿童的识字率下降了10%。）可推知，第2段中使用的数字的目的是为了呈现读写能力的不利状况。故选C项。
【30题详解】
词义猜测题。根据第三段中“Recent studies of various kinds indicate a decline of critical and conscious reading, slow reading, non-strategic reading and long-form reading.”（最近各种各样的研究表明，批判性阅读、有意识阅读、慢读、非战略性阅读和长篇阅读的数量正在下降。）由此可知，此处为《卢布尔雅那宣言》的专家们记录了数字阅读的缺点。故可猜测划线单词demerits为“缺点”的意思，结合选项D项Drawbacks“缺点”意思一致。故选D项。
【31题详解】
推理判断题。根据最后一段“In short, as professors from Northwestern University foresaw in 2005, we are returning to the days when only an elite (精英) “reading class” consumes long texts, which is a worrying problem.”（简而言之，正如西北大学(Northwestern University)的教授们在2005年所预见的那样，我们正在回到只有精英“阅读阶层”才会阅读长文本的时代，这是一个令人担忧的问题。）可知，文章最后表达了作者对现状的担忧，害怕我们会回到只有精英“阅读阶层”才会阅读长文本的时代。由此可推知，作者接下来可能就如何练习深度阅读给出具体的建议。故选D项。
D
Plato believed that men are divided into three classes: gold, silver and bronze. Vilfredo Pareto, an Italian economist, argued that “the vital few” contributed to most progress. Such viewpoints are taboo (禁忌) today in public life. Politicians avoid talking of a “leadership class” or “the vital few”. School recruitment turns away from picking winners. Universities welcome the masses: more people now teach at British universities than attended them in the 1950s.
In the private sector, things could hardly be more different. The world’s best companies struggle tirelessly to find and keep the vital few. They offer them fat pay packets, extra training, powerful instruction and more challenging assignments. Private-equity (私人股权) firms rely heavily on a few stars. Firms in emerging markets are desperate to find high-flyers who can cope with rapid growth and fast-changing environments competently.
Few people know more about how companies manage talent than Bill Conaty and RamCharan. Mr. Conaty led the human-resources department at General Electric (GE) for 14 years. Mr. Charan has spent the past few decades presenting proposals to some celebrated entrepreneurs. Their recent book, The Talent Masters, provides a nice mix of portraits of well-known talent factories, such as GE and Procter & Gamble (P&G宝洁).
Successful companies make sure that senior managers are involved with “talent development”. Jack Welch and A. G. Lafley, former bosses of GE and P&G, claimed that they spent 40% of their time on personnel. Andy Grove, who ran Intel, a chipmaker, obliged all the senior people, including himself, to spend at least a week a year instructing high-flyers. Nitin Paranjpe, the boss of Hindustan Unilever, recruits people from campuses and regularly visits high-flyers in their offices.
Elitism (精英主义) has its own drawbacks. In their rush to classify people, companies may miss potential stars. Those who are singled out for special treatment can become too full of themselves. It may also lead to social inequality and the concentration of power. Since elitism tends to focus only on the interests of a few, they may ignore the needs and voices of the majority, leading to discontent and resistance in society.
32. The change that occurred in British universities reflects that .
A. more students enroll for schools B. people of today are much cleverer
C. UK attaches importance to education D. elitism in public organizations declines
33. Which people belong to “high-flyers” based on the passage
A. Potential clients. B. Faithful employees.
C. Capable managers. D. Celebrated politicians.
34. How is paragraph 4 mainly developed
A. By listing examples. B. By classification.
C. By analyzing causes. D. By describing a process.
35. Which statement can be inferred from the passage
A. Discrimination in workplaces will get more serious.
B. Famous companies’ elitism management is worth trying.
C. The talented masters offer advice to some leading bosses.
D. Elitism may get some potential talented people excluded.
【答案】32. D 33. C 34. A 35. D
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇议论文。文章主要说明了公共组织中的精英主义正在下降，企业正努力培养原始人才，由此提出了精英主义，并讨论了精英主义的优点以及缺点。
【32题详解】
推理判断题。根据第一段中“School recruitment turns away from picking winners. Universities welcome the masses: more people now teach at British universities than attended them in the 1950s.(学校招聘不再挑选优胜者。大学欢迎大众：现在在英国大学教书的人比上世纪50年代的学生还多)”可推知，英国大学发生的变化反映出公共组织中的精英主义正在下降。故选D。
【33题详解】
推理判断题。根据第二段中“Firms in emerging markets are desperate to find high-flyers who can cope with rapid growth and fast-changing environments competently.(新兴市场的公司迫切希望找到能够胜任快速增长和瞬息万变环境的人才)”可知，high-flyers是指能够应对快速增长和快速变化的环境的人，这些人是公司所渴求的人，故C选项“能干的经理”符合这一类人群。故选C。
【34题详解】
推理判断题。根据第四段“Successful companies make sure that senior managers are involved with “talent development”. Jack Welch and A. G. Lafley, former bosses of GE and P&G, claimed that they spent 40% of their time on personnel. Andy Grove, who ran Intel, a chipmaker, obliged all the senior people, including himself, to spend at least a week a year instructing high-flyers. Nitin Paranjpe, the boss of Hindustan Unilever, recruits people from campuses and regularly visits high-flyers in their offices.(成功的公司会确保高级管理人员参与“人才发展”。通用电气(GE)和宝洁(P&G)的前老板Jack Welch和A. G. Lafley声称，他们将40%的时间花在人事上。芯片制造商英特尔(Intel)的掌舵人Andy Grove要求包括他自己在内的所有高管每年至少花一周时间指导那些雄心勃勃的人。印度斯坦联合利华(Hindustan Unilever)的老板Nitin Paranjpe从校园招聘人才，并定期到他们的办公室拜访那些有抱负的人)”可知，本段中列举了通用电气(GE)和宝洁(P&G)的前老板杰克 韦尔奇(Jack Welch)和雷富礼(A. G. Lafley)等人的观点，故本段是以举例子的方式展开的。故选A。
【35题详解】
推理判断题。根据最后一段中“Elitism (精英主义) has its own drawbacks. In their rush to classify people, companies may miss potential stars. Those who are singled out for special treatment can become too full of themselves.(精英主义有其自身的弊端。在匆忙给人分类的过程中，公司可能会错过潜在的明星。那些被挑选出来接受特殊待遇的人可能会变得过于自满)”可知，精英主义可能会使一些有潜力的人才被排除在外。故选D。
第二节(共5小题;每小题2.5分，满分12.5分)
阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
In a world that often feels fast-paced and restrained to routines, the desire for van (房车) life and mobile living has captured the hearts of many seeking an alternative lifestyle. ____36____ From the freedom to explore new horizons to fostering a minimalist mindset, here are some captivating advantages of embracing van life.
Liberation from Materialism
The confined space of a van encourages a minimalist lifestyle, where experiences are valued over possessions. ____37____ With minimal monthly expenses, such as parking fees and fuel costs, van dwellers can allocate resources to experiences rather than high rent or house payments. This mobile living is supported by the degrowth movement, which believes that economies should focus on securing the minimal basic needs instead of consumption and consumerism.
Exploration and Flexibility
The ability to follow adventure wherever it takes you is one of the most amazing aspects of living in a van. You can choose to wake up at dawn over the ocean one day and find yourself in a forested mountainside the next. Living in a van frequently involves being close to the outdoors surrounded by the beauty of nature. ____38____
Minimal Ecological Footprint
____39____ They adopt solar panels and efficient water systems , further minimizing their impact on the environment. People who choose to live in mobile homes believe that eventually, global warming and extreme weather might bring an end to sedentary (定居的) living patterns.
Through the open road, the beauty of nature, and the friendship of fellow adventurers, van life presents a unique avenue for enriching the human experience. ____40____
A. It’s thrilling to travel the world.
B. Many van lifers tend to go green.
C. Living in a van can often be more cost-effective.
D. They’ll find a sense of freedom of constant exploration.
E. The natural world becomes an essential part of your daily life
F. Better yet, it offers a way to reconnect with the essence of living.
G. The concept of van life offers benefits beyond just a change of scenery.
【答案】36. G 37. C 38. E 39. B 40. F
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章介绍了住在房车的好处。
36题详解】
根据下文“From the freedom to explore new horizons to fostering a minimalist mindset, here are some captivating advantages of embracing van life.(从探索新视野的自由到培养极简主义的心态，这是一些拥抱房车生活的迷人优势)”可知，拥有房车的好处不仅仅是可以开着它们去旅行欣赏沿途的风景。G项“The concept of van life offers benefits beyond just a change of scenery.(房车生活的概念提供的好处不仅仅是改变风景)”符合题意，引出下文。故选G。
【37题详解】
根据下文“With minimal monthly expenses, such as parking fees and fuel costs, van dwellers can allocate resources to experiences rather than high rent or house payments. (由于每月的停车费和燃油费等开支很少，住房车的人可以将资源分配到体验上，而不是支付高昂的租金或住房费用)”可知，住房车更划算，可以节省不少开支用于体验。C项“Living in a van can often be more cost-effective.(住在房车里通常更划算)”符合题意，开启下文。故选C。
【38题详解】
空处位于段末，应承接上文。根据上文“You can choose to wake up at dawn over the ocean one day and find yourself in a forested mountainside the next. Living in a van frequently involves being close to the outdoors surrounded by the beauty of nature.(你可以选择在某天的黎明在大海上醒来，第二天发现自己在森林茂密的山腰上。住在一辆房车里，经常可以接近户外，被大自然的美景所包围)”可知，每天在大自然中醒来，被自然的美景所包围，那么大自然便成为了你日常生活的一部分。E项“The natural world becomes an essential part of your daily life(自然世界成为你日常生活中必不可少的一部分)”符合题意，nature和natural是关键词。故选E。
【39题详解】
根据小标题“Minimal Ecological Footprint(最小生态足迹)”推知，空处内容应与环保相关，结合下文“They adopt solar panels and efficient water systems , further minimizing their impact on the environment.(他们采用太阳能电池板和高效的供水系统，进一步减少对环境的影响)”中的they推知，空处提到的应是住房车的人都很环保。B项“Many van lifers tend to go green.(许多在房车里生活的人倾向于环保)”符合题意。故选B。
【40题详解】
空处位于段末，应承接上文。根据上文“Through the open road, the beauty of nature, and the friendship of fellow adventurers, van life presents a unique avenue for enriching the human experience. (通过开阔的道路，大自然的美丽，以及冒险者的友谊，房车生活为丰富人类体验提供了一条独特的途径)”推知，空处继续陈述这种生活带来的好处。F项“Better yet, it offers a way to reconnect with the essence of living.(更好的是，它提供了一种与生活本质重新联系的方式)”符合语境。故选F。
第三部分 语言运用(共两节，满分30分)
第一节(共15小题;每小题1分，满分15分)
阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
When I studied in my high school, I did an experiment about how the temperature affected the growth of a plant. That experiment made me ____41____ that science teaches us the domino effect (多米诺效应) in the environment. It teaches people our ____42____ so we know where we are from. That day I ____43____ decided to be a scientist and that will be my greatest ambition in life. Ever since that day I have studied harder ____44____ in all my science-related subjects. After school I do much research on how I can become a ____45____ scientist in the future.
One of my ____46____ in becoming a scientist is Barbara McClintock. She has been awarded the 1983 Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine. At 25 she already had her PhD in botany and after that she started her ____47____ as the leader in the development of maize cytogenetics (玉米细胞遗传学) and she was ____48____ to that research for the rest of her life.
If I am lucky and given the ____49____ to achieve my ambition as a scientist, I want to be like Doctor McClintock. She ____50____ something that helped the other scientists ____51____ the thing about genetics that did not just help her generation but also the future generation.
I know I will be able to achieve my ____52____ as long as I put my heart and perseverance into it. If I am lucky enough to achieve my goal, I will share my ____53____ with all the kids who also love science and want to become scientists. My future will be as ____54____ as the stars in the night sky. My future is still far but I will make the most of all in the ____55____ to achieve my greatest ambition of becoming a scientist.
41. A. doubt B. realize C. wonder D. value
42. A. school B. origin C. growth D. study
43. A. easily B. hardly C. partly D. firmly
44. A. especially B. possibly C. properly D. separately
45. A. happy B. popular C. careful D. real
46. A. experiences B. persuasions C. inspirations D. generations
47. A. career B. attempt C. praise D. science
48. A. devoted B. invited C. linked D. attached
49. A. reason B. freedom C. right D. opportunity
50. A. heard B. expected C. discovered D. awarded
51. A. set out B. figure out C. stick out D. take out
52. A. fame B. reward C. dream D. stage
53. A. information B. decision C. light D. fortune
54. A. bright B. capable C. proud D. brave
55. A. lesson B. mind C. present D. heart
【答案】41. B 42. B 43. D 44. A 45. D 46. C 47. A 48. A 49. D 50. C 51. B 52. C 53. D 54. A 55. C
【解析】
【导语】本文是记叙文。作者通过实验认识到科学教给我们环境中的多米诺效应，并决定成为科学家。她的榜样是1983年获得诺贝尔医学奖的芭芭拉·麦克林托克，希望自己能和她一样做出有益的发现。她会坚持努力，将来会与有志青年分享幸运。
【41题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：那个实验让我意识到科学教会了我们环境中的多米诺骨牌效应。A. doubt怀疑；B. realize意识到；C. wonder想知道；D. value重视。根据前文“That experiment”以及后文“science teaches us the domino effect (多米诺效应) in the environment.”结合选项可知，“实验让我意识到科学教会了我们环境中的多米诺骨牌效应”符合语境，引发后文让作者决定成为科学家。故选B项。
【42题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：它告诉人们我们的起源，这样我们就知道我们来自哪里。A. school学校；B. origin起源；C. growth增长；D. study学习。根据后文“we know where we are from”可知，让我们知道我们来自哪里，所以是告诉我们起源。故选B项。
【43题详解】
考查副词词义辨析。句意：那天，我坚定地决定成为一名科学家，这将是我一生中最大的抱负。A. easily容易地；B. hardly几乎不；C. partly部分地；D. firmly坚定地。根据后文“Ever since that day I have studied harder 4 in all my science-related subjects.”可知，作者更加努力地学习，特别是在所有与科学相关的科目上，所以是坚定的想成为一名科学家。故选D项。
【44题详解】
考查副词词义辨析。句意：从那天起，我更加努力地学习，特别是在所有与科学相关的科目上。A. especially特别；B. possibly可能；C. properly适当地；D. separately分别地。根据前文“That day I 3 decided to be a scientist and that will be my greatest ambition in life.”可知，作者坚定的想成为一名科学家，所以他特别是在所有与科学相关的科目上会更努力地学习。故选A项。
【45题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：放学后，我做了很多关于如何在未来成为一名真正科学家的研究。A. happy快乐的；B. popular流行的；C. careful小心；D. real真正的。根据前文“That day I 3 decided to be a scientist and that will be my greatest ambition in life.”可知，作者坚定地决定成为一名科学家，所以是做了很多关于如何在未来成为一名真正的科学家的研究。故选D项。
【46题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：我成为科学家的灵感之一来自芭芭拉·麦克林托克。A. experiences经历；B. persuasions说服；C. inspirations灵感；D. generations代。根据后文“achieve my ambition as a scientist, I want to be like Doctor McClintock”可知，作者想成为像芭芭拉·麦克林托克博士那样的人，所以是作者成为科学家的灵感之一。故选C项。
【47题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：25岁时，她已经获得了植物学博士学位，之后，她开始了自己的职业生涯，成为玉米细胞遗传学发展的领导者，并将她的余生献给了这项研究。A. career事业；B. attempt企图；C. praise赞扬；D. science科学。根据后文“as the leader in the development of maize cytogenetics”可知，成为玉米细胞遗传学发展的领导者应是她的事业。故选A项。
【48题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：25岁时，她已经获得了植物学博士学位，之后，她开始了自己的职业生涯，成为玉米细胞遗传学发展的领导者，并将她的余生献给了这项研究。A. devoted奉献；B. invited邀请；C. linked联系；D. attached把…附。根据后文“the rest of her life”结合选项，应是“将她的余生献给了这项研究”符合语境，be devoted to为固定搭配意为“献身于”。故选A项。
【49题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：如果我很幸运，有机会实现我作为一名科学家的抱负，我想成为麦克林托克博士那样的人。A. reason原因；B. freedom自由；C. right正确；D. opportunity机会。根据前文“If I am lucky and given”以及后文“to achieve my ambition as a scientist”可知，此处是作者在做假设，根据选项，应是“有机会实现我作为一名科学家的抱负”符合语境。故选D项。
【50题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：她发现了一些东西，帮助其他科学家弄清楚了遗传学的事情，这不仅对她这一代人有帮助，而且对后代也有帮助。A. heard听到；B. expected预期；C. discovered发现；D. awarded奖励。根据前文“She has been awarded the 1983 Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine.”可知，麦克林托克获得若贝尔奖，而根据常识，获奖是因为发现了一些东西。故选C项。
【51题详解】
考查动词短语辨析。句意：她发现了一些东西，帮助其他科学家弄清楚了遗传学的事情，这不仅对她这一代人有帮助，而且对后代也有帮助。A set out出发；B. figure out理解，弄清楚；C. stick out伸出；D. take out除掉。根据前文“She has been awarded the 1983 Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine.”可知，麦克林托克获得若贝尔奖，所以她发现的东西应是帮助其他科学家弄清楚了遗传学的事情，才能获奖。故选B项。
【52题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：我知道只要我把我的心和毅力投入其中，我就能实现我的梦想。A. fame名声；B. reward奖励；C. dream梦想；D. stage阶段。根据后文“I put my heart and perseverance into it.”可知，作者把心和毅力投入其中，是为了实现成为科学家的梦想。故选C项。
【53题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：如果我幸运地实现了我的目标，我将与所有同样热爱科学并想成为科学家的孩子们分享我的好运。A. information信息；B. decision决定；C. light光线；D. fortune好运。根据前文“If I am lucky enough to achieve my goal”可知，此处是说作者如果好运成为了科学家，他也会愿意把自己的好运分享给所有同样热爱科学并想成为科学家的孩子们。故选D项。
【54题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我的未来会像夜空中的星星一样明亮。A. bright明亮的；B. capable有能力；C. proud自豪的；D. brave勇敢的。根据后文“the stars in the night sky”可知，像星星一样，应该是明亮的。故选A项。
【55题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：我的未来还很遥远，但我会充分利用现在的一切来实现我成为一名科学家的最大抱负。A. lesson课程；B. mind大脑；C. present现在；D. heart心脏。根据前文“My future is still far”可知，作者的未来还很遥远，所以作者应是利用现在的一切来实现她的梦想。故选C项。
第二节 (共10小题;每小题1.5分，满分15分)
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
Delicate, shining and soft to the touch, silk has threaded its way throughout China’s history. One can’t be certain of its origin, but ancient Chinese credited their own wisdom ____56____ Leizu, wife of the Yellow Emperor as the inventor.
China’s silk is ____57____ (impressive) diverse in style and texture. Hangluo satin (珞缎) from Hangzhou, Zhejiang, is renowned for its airy substance while Yunjin brocade from Nanjing, Jiangsu, a luxurious fabric often used for royal families, ____58____ (represent) China’s silk weaving technique at its prime. Yunjin brocade ____59____ (make) by hand in a complex procedure comprises so many steps that even the most skilled artists can only weave a few centimeters a day. Time, patience and experience all play key roles in its heavenly beauty, or ____60____ its name suggests, its cloud-like splendor.
In Han Dynasty with diplomat Zhang Qian opening up the routes to the western regions, silk graced countries in Central Asia, later ____61____ (extend) its reach to other parts of Eurasia and beyond. Fittingly, its name marked China’s major international trade routes, ____62____ ancient Silk Road and Maritime Silk Road.
In the hands of Chinese artists, the ____63____ (thin) threads can weave pictures of great ____64____(possibility) and the softest material can pass down thousands of years. As one of the many marvels of ancient China, silk is not merely a type of textile ____65____ a cultural icon and an embodiment of elegance and grace.
【答案】56. to 57. impressively
58. represents
59. made 60. as
61. extending
62. the 63. thinnest
64. possibilities
65. but
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇说明文，介绍丝绸的种类，发展和影响。
【56题详解】
考查介词。句意：人们不能确定它的起源，但古代中国人将自己的智慧归功于黄帝的妻子雷祖。分析句子可知，这里考查credit...to...表“认为是……的功劳；把……归于” ，为固定搭配。故填to。
【57题详解】
考查副词。句意：中国的丝绸在风格和质地上有着令人印象深刻的多样性。分析句子可知，此空应填副词作状语，修饰后面形容词。故填impressively。
【58题详解】
考查时态。句意：来自浙江杭州的杭珞缎以其透气的物质而闻名，而来自江苏南京的云锦，一种经常用于皇室的奢华面料，代表了中国鼎盛时期的丝绸织造技术。分析句子可知，此空应填谓语动词，时态和while前句子保持一致，用一般现在时，且Yunjin brocade与represent为主动关系。故填represents。
【59题详解】
考查非谓语。句意：云锦手工制作，工序复杂，即使是最熟练的艺术家，一天也只能织几厘米。分析句子可知，此空应填非谓语，Yunjin brocade与make为被动关系，再由句意可知，这里应填过去分词作定语。故填made。
【60题详解】
考查定语从句。句意：时间、耐心和经验都在它的天堂般的美丽中发挥着关键作用，或者正如它的名字所暗示的那样，它的云般的辉煌。分析句子可知，这里考查非限制性定语从句，从句its name suggests中缺宾语，且这里表示“或者正如它的名字所暗示的那样”，所以应用as。故填as。
【61题详解】
考查非谓语。句意：在汉朝，外交官张骞开辟了通往西域的道路，丝绸为中亚国家增光添彩，后来又将其延伸到欧亚大陆的其他地区和其他地区。分析句子可知，此空应填非谓语，silk与extend为主动关系，再由句意可知，此空应填现在分词作状语。故填extending。
【62题详解】
考查冠词。句意：恰如其分的是，它的名字标志着中国的主要国际贸易路线，古代丝绸之路和海上丝绸之路。分析句子可知，此空应填定冠词表特指概念。故填the。
【63题详解】
考查形容词最高级。句意：在中国艺术家的手中，最细的线可以编织出巨大的可能性，最柔软的材料可以流传数千年。由后文the softest material可知，此空也应填形容词最高级。故填thinnest。
【64题详解】
考查名词复数。句意：在中国艺术家的手中，最细的线可以编织出巨大的可能性，最柔软的材料可以流传数千年。分析句子可知，possibility表“可能性”，为可数名词，再由句意可知，此空应填名词复数形式作介词后宾语。故填possibilities。
【65题详解】
考查连词。句意：丝绸作为中国古代众多奇迹之一，不仅是一种纺织品，而且是一种文化象征，是优雅和高贵的体现。分析句子可知，这里考查not...but表“不是...而是” ，为固定搭配。故填but。
第四部分 写作(共两节，满分40分)
第一节(满分15分)
66. 假定你是李华，你校组织了一次“拒绝校园霸凌”(Say No to Campus Bullying)的主题活动，你代表你班发表相关的倡议演讲。
内容包括：
1.倡议主题介绍
2.倡议内容
3.呼吁大家抵制校园霸凌
注意：
1. 词数80左右；
2.可适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。
Say No to Campus Bullying
Dear fellow students, good morning!
________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
【答案】Say No to Campus Bullying
Good morning dear fellow students,
Representing my class, I am honoured to stand here to give the speech themed “Say No to Campus Bullying”. I appeal to everyone to get involved in it.
Nowadays, the campus bullying is giving rise to an increasing concern in and beyond school. Campus bullying can be verbal bullying, physical bullying, cyber bullying and so on. Any form of bullying can cause incredible harm to the victims, the perpetrators (作恶者) as well as the school environment.
As is acknowledged, we all have a role in making a kind and safe school for everyone. The school leaders are supposed to be committed to creating a better place for all. It is high time that we stood up to fight against campus bullying.
【解析】
【导语】本篇书面表达属于应用文。要求考生对于你校组织了一次“拒绝校园霸凌”(Say No to Campus Bullying)的主题活动这一情况，代表你班发表相关的倡议演讲。
【详解】1.词汇积累
荣幸的：honoured→ privileged
参与：get involved in → engage in
造成，导致：cause→ lead to
众所周知：As is acknowledged→ As we all know
2.句式拓展
简单句变复合句
原句：Representing my class, I am honoured to stand here to give the speech themed “Say No to Campus Bullying”.
拓展句：Representing my class, I am honoured to stand here to give the speech, whose theme is “Say No to Campus Bullying”.
【点睛】【高分句型1】As is acknowledged, we all have a role in making a kind and safe school for everyone.（运用了As 引导的非限制性定语从句。）
【高分句型2】It is high time that we stood up to fight against campus bullying.（运用了It is high time that...的固定虚拟语气用法句型。）
第二节(满分25分)
67. 阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。
The four mountain climbers were still breathing heavily as they looked out into the distance. The views from the top of the mountain were breathtaking. In all directions, valleys, forests and other mountains were laid out before them. They could even see the small wooden houses of the village where they had spent the night and the route they had taken to reach the top of this small but dangerous mountain. Laughing loudly, they were surprised at their courage in climbing such a steep and rocky mountain slope. Filled with an enormous sense of achievement, the four young climbers patted each other on the back.
As the other three continued to enjoy the views, Jason, the leader of the group, stared at the horizon with a troubled look on his face.
“What is it, Jason ” Sofia, the youngest of the group, asked.
“Those dark clouds in the distance mean a heavy storm is fast on the way,” Jason replied. He remembered the villagers had warned him of the unpredictable weather conditions on top of the mountain and that a terrible storm could appear from nowhere.
“But it's so warm and sunny here. I don't think the storm is coming this way,” Sofia said, more in hope than expectation.
However, Jason feared the worst and knew only too well what would happen if the storm caught them in the open. He addressed the group in a calm but serious tone, “If the storm hits us, the temperature will fall dramatically. The rain and mist will make it difficult for us to see where we are going and we could easily get lost or fall off a cliff. The wind will take our strength, so we need to get moving fast.”
The four mountain climbers packed up their facilities and immediately started back down the mountain. Unfortunately, despite their best efforts, the storm was upon them sooner than expected. The wind screamed in their ears, the driving rain stung (刺痛) their eyes and the mist made it impossible for them to see clearly.
注意：
1.续写词数应为150左右；
2.请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
With it getting dark, Jason decided that it was just too dangerous to continue.
___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Finally, the storm showed signs of stopping and the climbers decided to continue their way down the mountain.
___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
【答案】One possible version:
With it getting dark, Jason decided that it was just too dangerous to continue. He gathered the group in the shelter of a large rock, where he noticed that the other three were frightened and looking to him for a way out. Pushed by responsibility and pressure of leadership, Jason, shouting against the wind, explained that the safest thing for the moment was taking shelter from the pouring rain. They had expected that the storm would pass very soon. However, as darkness settled over them, the shower swept in. How time dragged!
Finally, the storm showed signs of stopping and the climbers decided to continue their way down the mountain. Unbearably cold and hungry, they felt their way downward with great difficulty, eager for a miracle. Suddenly, something caught Jason's eye. Was it a flash of light There it was again…and another! In response, Jason immediately flashed his torch, exclaiming, “Over here! We are here!” His companions joined in. Rescue eventually arrived. Seeing the climbers, all the searching villagers breathed a sigh of relief and lovingly helped them return to the village. You see, weather changes but love remains
【解析】
【导语】本文以人物为线索展开，讲述了四名登山者在登山的时候遭遇了暴风雨，被困在了户外。多亏了领队Jason冷静应对，带领大家躲雨，最终坚持到了救援人员到来。
【详解】1.段落续写：
①由第一段首句内容“随着天色渐黑，Jason觉得继续下去太危险了”可知，第一段可描写Jason在责任和领导压力的推动下为大家寻找避雨处。
②由第二段首句内容“最后，暴风雨出现了停止的迹象，登山者决定继续下山”可知，第二段可描写登山者下山时遇到了赶来的救援人员。
2.续写线索：登山者害怕——寻找避雨处——躲雨等雨停——雨停——开始下山——遇到救援人员——感悟
3.词汇激活
行为类
注意到：notice/ observe
预期：expect/anticipate
继续：continue /go on
情绪类
害怕：frightened /scared
渴望：eager for /long for
【点睛】[高分句型1] He gathered the group in the shelter of a large rock, where he noticed that the other three were frightened and looking to him for a way out. (运用了where引导非限制性定语从句)
[高分句型2] Pushed by responsibility and pressure of leadership, Jason, shouting against the wind, explained that the safest thing for the moment was taking shelter from the pouring rain. (运用了that引导宾语从句)渝北中学2023-2024学年度高三12月月考质量监测
英语试题
(全卷共四大题67小题，总分150分;考试时长120分钟。)
注意事项：
1.答题前，考生先将自己的姓名、考号填写清楚。
2.请将所有答案写在答题卡上，不得在试卷上直接作答。
3.选择题部分请按题号用2B铅笔填涂。
4.非选择题部分请按题号用0.5毫米黑色墨水签字笔书写。
第一部分 听力(共两节，满分30分)
第一节(共5小题;每小题1.5分，满分7.5分)
听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。
例:How much is the shirt
A. ￡19.15. B.￡ 9.18. C.￡ 9.15.
答案是C。
1. 【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】
Where does the conversation take place
A. In a supermarket. B. On a farm. C. At home.
2. 【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】
What does the woman want the man to do
A. Meet a client.
B. Translate a document.
C. Prepare meeting materials.
3. 【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】
What are the speakers mainly discussing
A. A play. B. An actor. C. A case.
4. 【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】
What does the woman think of Jacob
A. He’s competent. B. He’s experienced. C. He’s bad-tempered.
5. 【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】
Who is the woman probably talking to
A. A doctor. B. Her husband. C. Her son.
第二节(共15小题;每小题1.5分，满分22.5分)
听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟;听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。
听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】
6. What is the man’s attitude towards Al
A. Supportive. B. Disapproving. C. Objective.
7. What will the speakers do next
A. Go to the bank. B. Order some food. C. Return home.
听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】
8. When does the conversation take place
A. On December 15th. B. On December 10th. C. On December 5th.
9. What is the woman’s nationality
A. Chinese. B. Japanese. C. Korean.
10. What does the man always do on his birthdays
A. Have longevity noodles. B. Have seaweed soup. C. Go out to sing karaoke.
听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】
11. Why does the woman study Russian
A. She’s interested in it.
B. She wants to make more friends.
C. She’s going abroad.
12. What does the woman find difficult in learning Russian
A. Pronunciation. B. Vocabulary. C. Grammar.
13. What does the man advise the woman to do
A. Read Russian aloud every morning.
B. Do more grammar practice and reflect.
C. Memorize the words frequently.
听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】
14. Why will the man go to California
A. For sightseeing. B. For a wedding. C. For a meeting.
15. Where are the speakers
A. In Texas. B. In Nevada. C. In Alaska.
16. How much does the man need to pay
A. $300. B. $320. C. $340.
17. How will the man pay
A. By check. B. By bank card. C. In cash.
听下面一段独白，回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】
18. What did the study of people waiting for medical results show
A. Less than half reported a change in their emotional state.
B. Only half of the people were anxious.
C. 85% of the people handled their anxiety well.
19. What may happen to you when you are under stress
A. Planning your journey ahead.
B. Ignoring some important details.
C. Waiting to be called by friends.
20. What is the speaker’s last suggestion
A. Focus on something else.
B. Skip your normal routine.
C. Avoid searching for symptoms online.
第二部分 阅读理解(共两节，满分50分)
第一节(共15小题;每小题2.5分，满分37.5分)
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。
A
Favourable Christmas Stays in London
In recent years, the UK has formed an increasingly strong Christmas market scene. Below we have highlighted one of the biggest Christmas markets, Wowcher.
Pricing
Wowcher is giving a 99 overnight London hotel stay for Christmas for two people at the four-star Crown Hotel near Notting Hill. Visitors can also upgrade their stay: a two-night break for two with breakfast starts from 205, and a three-night stay for two with a two-course dinner starts from 295. Every extra bed costs 20% of the total.
Available activities
Visitors can obtain a fantastic trip in the dynamic West End and feel the festive atmosphere in world-famous shopping destinations such as Oxford Street. While London is famous for upscale department stores like Harrods and Selfridges, during the festive season, seasonal stands arise at prosperous Christmas markets selling local conventional goods for truly unique Christmas gifts. You can also catch the Christmas lights show in Regent Street or listen to the carol (圣诞颂歌) singers at St Martin-in-the-Fields.
Booking
Choose your dates and fill in your private information, like driving licences, passports and so forth for your later hotel registration.
One 99 voucher (优惠券) is valid for only two people. Purchase your voucher and complete the deal.
Wait to reccive a code to your email account which you need to input online later to confirm your booking.
This incredible deal can be used on selected dates between December 24 and 30, 2023, although it only is available to purchase on the Wowcher website until December 15. Besides, the dinner option is available on the first night only.
21. How much should a couple pay for a 3-night stay with their 7-year-old son
A. 354. B. 304. C. 295. D. 236.
22. Which activity can visitors enjoy in Regent Street
A. Learning seasoning skills. B. Admiring charming lights.
C. Appreciating Christmas carols. D. Purchasing local traditional goods.
23. Which of the following is TRUE about booking a stay
A. If your deal involves a dinner, it is only available on Christmas.
B. Adding basic personal information is an essential for later check-in.
C. Receiving a code to your email account means the success of the booking.
D. You can purchase the voucher on the Wowcher website on Christmas eve.
B
Five years ago, a couple found a baby owl, near-death, on their lawn. They consulted with me because of my experience with owls and hawks. Eventually my wife and I undertook the task of treating the owl, Alfie, waiting out a developmental delay (most of her flight feathers came especially late that first summer) , and then we taught her to fly and hunt. Alfie disappeared for a week. Then she chose to return, centering her territory (地盘) on our backyard. I put a nest box on my writing studio.
Alfie’s first free-living year— mating, raising her first baby— coincided with the COVID-19 that limited us to our yard. Friends said the birds were singing aloud and happily. From Alfie’s performance, I saw humans’ unrest and worry when facing the unexpected virus. When Alfie and her mate, Plus-One, played in the shade, the daily rhythms and quietness of the owls’ world contrasted with our life.
Many cultures view owls as messengers of God. However, Alfie is flesh and feathers: her heart pumps blood red as ours. She has her comforts and fears. She is a very real little being overall. Yet, throughout the isolation to prevent the spread of disease, Alfie loosed herself, living comfortably with her mate in the yard, which certainly inspired me and my family with hope. She is, in reality, a messenger, one conveying the real meaning of life.
To be fully present in life and love, so natural for Alfie, remains a work in progress for me. Alfie is the perfect little philosophical master. She enjoys a freedom unpolluted by criticism or doubt, and a liberty as the air flows beneath her wings. Resisting nothing, she is pure presence, here now. Perhaps I’d long labored toward the place where Alfie was effortlessly taking me, a sense of openness, showing what’s possible when we mess up our accustomed boundaries.
Alfie remains our magical light of the nighttime backyard. By day she usually stays in a couple of favorite shaded spots. The choice is always hers. Free within limits; that’s the universe for her. It can inspire a life’s work.
24. What can we learn about Alfie from the first two paragraphs
A. She had a quick recovery. B. She was first found by the author.
C. She set up a family in the backyard. D. She was badly affected by the COVID-19.
25. How does Alfie inspire the author and his family with hope
A. She lives a relaxed life. B. She has no fears at all.
C. She has red blood as humans. D. She is viewed as a messenger of God.
26. What does the author mean by describing Alfie’s freedom as “unpolluted by criticism or doubt” in paragraph 4
A. Alfie is not influenced by social development.
B. Alfie is free from physical and mental limitations.
C. Alfie is completely independent and self-sufficient.
D. Alfie is not affected by external judgment or uncertainty.
27. What is the text mainly about
A. The author’s successful rescue of an owl.
B. The author’s reflection on life through an owl.
C. The author’s precious friendship with an owl.
D. The author’s fight against a pandemic with an owl.
C
Digital reading appears to be destroying habits of “deep reading”. Astonishing numbers of people with years of schooling are actually illiterate and ignorant. This month’s Ljubljana Manifesto (宣言) explains: “The digital field may promote more reading than ever in history, but it also offers many temptations to read in a superficial(肤浅的)and scattered manner— or even not to read at all. This increasingly endangers higher-level reading.”
That’s frightening, because “higher-level reading” has been essential to civilization. It enabled the enlightenment and an international increase in empathy. Without it, we would suffer a lot. As the Ljubljana Manifesto notes, “one-third of Europeans struggle even with lower-level reading skills.” More than one-fifth of adults in the US “fall into the illiterate/functionally illiterate category”. Separately, post-pandemic reading scores for American 13-year-olds are the lowest in decades. And the Washington-based Center for Global Development recently estimated that literacy in South Asia and sub-Saharan Africa among those with five years of schooling has decreased by 10% this past half century.
Experts in the Ljubljana Manifesto record the demerits of digital reading: “Recent studies of various kinds indicate a decline of critical and conscious reading slow reading, non-strategic reading and long-form reading.” When you read a book on paper, you can be entirely inside the experience, absorb hundreds of pages of details thoroughly and begin to capture the world’s complexity. But online, says Maryanne Wolf of UCLA, we are “skimming, scanning, scrolling(滚屏)”. The medium is the message: doing deep reading on your phone is as hard as playing tennis with your phone. Recently, a bright 11-year-old told me I was wasting time on books: he absorbed more information faster from Wikipedia. He had a point. But digital readers also absorb more misinformation and seldom absorb fine perspectives.
In short, as professors from Northwestern University foresaw in 2005, we are returning to the days when only an elite (精英) “reading class” consumes long texts, which is a worrying problem.
28. What can we learn about digital reading from paragraph 1
A. Digital reading has solved the problem of illiteracy.
B. Digital reading has lessened the practice of deep reading.
C. Digital reading has made deep reading accessible to wider readers.
D. Digital reading has aroused a greater appreciation for deep reading.
29. What is the purpose of the figures used in paragraph 2
A. To display the popularity of digital reading.
B. To highlight the advantages of deep reading.
C. To present the unfavorable situation of literacy.
D. To stress the illiterate’s lower-level reading skills.
30. What does the underlined word “demerits” in paragraph 3 mean
A. Effects. B. functions C. Features. D. Drawbacks.
31. What might be talked about in the following paragraph
A Advantages of digital reading. B. Benefits of higher-level reading.
C. Ways to encourage digital reading. D. Measures to practice deep reading.
D
Plato believed that men are divided into three classes: gold silver and bronze. Vilfredo Pareto, an Italian economist, argued that “the vital few” contributed to most progress. Such viewpoints are taboo (禁忌) today in public life. Politicians avoid talking of a “leadership class” or “the vital few”. School recruitment turns away from picking winners. Universities welcome the masses: more people now teach at British universities than attended them in the 1950s.
In the private sector, things could hardly be more different. The world’s best companies struggle tirelessly to find and keep the vital few. They offer them fat pay packets, extra training, powerful instruction and more challenging assignments. Private-equity (私人股权) firms rely heavily on a few stars. Firms in emerging markets are desperate to find high-flyers who can cope with rapid growth and fast-changing environments competently.
Few people know more about how companies manage talent than Bill Conaty and RamCharan. Mr. Conaty led the human-resources department at General Electric (GE) for 14 years. Mr. Charan has spent the past few decades presenting proposals to some celebrated entrepreneurs. Their recent book, The Talent Masters, provides a nice mix of portraits of well-known talent factories, such as GE and Procter & Gamble (P&G宝洁).
Successful companies make sure that senior managers are involved with “talent development”. Jack Welch and A. G. Lafley, former bosses of GE and P&G, claimed that they spent 40% of their time on personnel. Andy Grove, who ran Intel, a chipmaker, obliged all the senior people, including himself, to spend at least a week a year instructing high-flyers. Nitin Paranjpe, the boss of Hindustan Unilever, recruits people from campuses and regularly visits high-flyers in their offices.
Elitism (精英主义) has its own drawbacks. In their rush to classify people, companies may miss potential stars. Those who are singled out for special treatment can become too full of themselves. It may also lead to social inequality and the concentration of power. Since elitism tends to focus only on the interests of a few, they may ignore the needs and voices of the majority, leading to discontent and resistance in society.
32. The change that occurred in British universities reflects that .
A. more students enroll for schools B. people of today are much cleverer
C. UK attaches importance to education D. elitism in public organizations declines
33. Which people belong to “high-flyers” based on the passage
A. Potential clients. B. Faithful employees.
C. Capable managers. D. Celebrated politicians.
34. How is paragraph 4 mainly developed
A. By listing examples. B. By classification.
C. By analyzing causes. D. By describing a process.
35. Which statement can be inferred from the passage
A. Discrimination in workplaces will get more serious.
B. Famous companies’ elitism management is worth trying.
C. The talented masters offer advice to some leading bosses.
D. Elitism may get some potential talented people excluded.
第二节(共5小题;每小题2.5分，满分12.5分)
阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
In a world that often feels fast-paced and restrained to routines, the desire for van (房车) life and mobile living has captured the hearts of many seeking an alternative lifestyle. ____36____ From the freedom to explore new horizons to fostering a minimalist mindset, here are some captivating advantages of embracing van life.
Liberation from Materialism
The confined space of a van encourages a minimalist lifestyle, where experiences are valued over possessions. ____37____ With minimal monthly expenses, such as parking fees and fuel costs, van dwellers can allocate resources to experiences rather than high rent or house payments. This mobile living is supported by the degrowth movement, which believes that economies should focus on securing the minimal basic needs instead of consumption and consumerism.
Exploration and Flexibility
The ability to follow adventure wherever it takes you is one of the most amazing aspects of living in a van. You can choose to wake up at dawn over the ocean one day and find yourself in a forested mountainside the next. Living in a van frequently involves being close to the outdoors surrounded by the beauty of nature. ____38____
Minimal Ecological Footprint
____39____ They adopt solar panels and efficient water systems , further minimizing their impact on the environment. People who choose to live in mobile homes believe that eventually, global warming and extreme weather might bring an end to sedentary (定居的) living patterns.
Through the open road, the beauty of nature, and the friendship of fellow adventurers, van life presents a unique avenue for enriching the human experience. ____40____
A It’s thrilling to travel the world.
B. Many van lifers tend to go green.
C. Living in a van can often be more cost-effective.
D. They’ll find a sense of freedom of constant exploration.
E The natural world becomes an essential part of your daily life
F. Better yet, it offers a way to reconnect with the essence of living.
G. The concept of van life offers benefits beyond just a change of scenery.
第三部分 语言运用(共两节，满分30分)
第一节(共15小题;每小题1分，满分15分)
阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
When I studied in my high school, I did an experiment about how the temperature affected the growth of a plant. That experiment made me ____41____ that science teaches us the domino effect (多米诺效应) in the environment. It teaches people our ____42____ so we know where we are from. That day I ____43____ decided to be a scientist and that will be my greatest ambition in life. Ever since that day I have studied harder ____44____ in all my science-related subjects. After school I do much research on how I can become a ____45____ scientist in the future.
One of my ____46____ in becoming a scientist is Barbara McClintock. She has been awarded the 1983 Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine. At 25 she already had her PhD in botany and after that she started her ____47____ as the leader in the development of maize cytogenetics (玉米细胞遗传学) and she was ____48____ to that research for the rest of her life.
If I am lucky and given the ____49____ to achieve my ambition as a scientist, I want to be like Doctor McClintock. She ____50____ something that helped the other scientists ____51____ the thing about genetics that did not just help her generation but also the future generation.
I know I will be able to achieve my ____52____ as long as I put my heart and perseverance into it. If I am lucky enough to achieve my goal, I will share my ____53____ with all the kids who also love science and want to become scientists. My future will be as ____54____ as the stars in the night sky. My future is still far but I will make the most of all in the ____55____ to achieve my greatest ambition of becoming a scientist.
41. A. doubt B. realize C. wonder D. value
42. A. school B. origin C. growth D. study
43. A. easily B. hardly C. partly D. firmly
44. A. especially B. possibly C. properly D. separately
45. A. happy B. popular C. careful D. real
46. A. experiences B. persuasions C. inspirations D. generations
47. A. career B. attempt C. praise D. science
48. A. devoted B. invited C. linked D. attached
49. A. reason B. freedom C. right D. opportunity
50. A. heard B. expected C. discovered D. awarded
51. A. set out B. figure out C. stick out D. take out
52. A. fame B. reward C. dream D. stage
53. A. information B. decision C. light D. fortune
54. A. bright B. capable C. proud D. brave
55. A. lesson B. mind C. present D. heart
第二节 (共10小题;每小题1.5分，满分15分)
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
Delicate, shining and soft to the touch, silk has threaded its way throughout China’s history. One can’t be certain of its origin, but ancient Chinese credited their own wisdom ____56____ Leizu, wife of the Yellow Emperor as the inventor.
China’s silk is ____57____ (impressive) diverse in style and texture. Hangluo satin (珞缎) from Hangzhou, Zhejiang, is renowned for its airy substance while Yunjin brocade from Nanjing, Jiangsu, a luxurious fabric often used for royal families, ____58____ (represent) China’s silk weaving technique at its prime. Yunjin brocade ____59____ (make) by hand in a complex procedure comprises so many steps that even the most skilled artists can only weave a few centimeters a day. Time, patience and experience all play key roles in its heavenly beauty, or ____60____ its name suggests, its cloud-like splendor.
In Han Dynasty with diplomat Zhang Qian opening up the routes to the western regions, silk graced countries in Central Asia, later ____61____ (extend) its reach to other parts of Eurasia and beyond. Fittingly, its name marked China’s major international trade routes, ____62____ ancient Silk Road and Maritime Silk Road.
In the hands of Chinese artists, the ____63____ (thin) threads can weave pictures of great ____64____(possibility) and the softest material can pass down thousands of years. As one of the many marvels of ancient China, silk is not merely a type of textile ____65____ a cultural icon and an embodiment of elegance and grace.
第四部分 写作(共两节，满分40分)
第一节(满分15分)
66. 假定你是李华，你校组织了一次“拒绝校园霸凌”(Say No to Campus Bullying)的主题活动，你代表你班发表相关的倡议演讲。
内容包括：
1.倡议主题介绍
2.倡议内容
3.呼吁大家抵制校园霸凌
注意：
1. 词数80左右；
2.可适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。
Say No to Campus Bullying
Dear fellow students, good morning!
________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
第二节(满分25分)
67. 阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。
The four mountain climbers were still breathing heavily as they looked out into the distance. The views from the top of the mountain were breathtaking. In all directions, valleys, forests and other mountains were laid out before them. They could even see the small wooden houses of the village where they had spent the night and the route they had taken to reach the top of this small but dangerous mountain. Laughing loudly, they were surprised at their courage in climbing such a steep and rocky mountain slope. Filled with an enormous sense of achievement, the four young climbers patted each other on the back.
As the other three continued to enjoy the views, Jason, the leader of the group, stared at the horizon with a troubled look on his face.
“What is it, Jason ” Sofia, the youngest of the group, asked.
“Those dark clouds in the distance mean a heavy storm is fast on the way,” Jason replied. He remembered the villagers had warned him of the unpredictable weather conditions on top of the mountain and that a terrible storm could appear from nowhere.
“But it's so warm and sunny here. I don't think the storm is coming this way,” Sofia said, more in hope than expectation.
However, Jason feared the worst and knew only too well what would happen if the storm caught them in the open. He addressed the group in a calm but serious tone, “If the storm hits us, the temperature will fall dramatically. The rain and mist will make it difficult for us to see where we are going and we could easily get lost or fall off a cliff. The wind will take our strength, so we need to get moving fast.”
The four mountain climbers packed up their facilities and immediately started back down the mountain. Unfortunately, despite their best efforts, the storm was upon them sooner than expected. The wind screamed in their ears, the driving rain stung (刺痛) their eyes and the mist made it impossible for them to see clearly.
注意：
1.续写词数应为150左右；
2.请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
With it getting dark, Jason decided that it was just too dangerous to continue.
___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Finally, the storm showed signs of stopping and the climbers decided to continue their way down the mountain.
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