高中试卷答案网专题训练3 动词的语态
一、用所给词的适当形式填空
1. Travelling to conferences, lectures, workshops, and the like frequently by plane ________ (view) as important for scientists to get together and exchange information.
2. This has been adopted to ensure easier detection of gas leaks. Gas naturally ________ (have) no recognisable smell.
3. Whenever I heard of businesses using plastic, I’d send an email. One of the biggest companies I wrote to ________ (be) Alaska Airlines Paris.
4. The Xi’an City Wall is the most complete city wall that has survived China’s long history. It ________ (build) originally to protect the city in the Tang Dynasty and has now been completely restored (修复).
5. Mary’s niece wrote, “The little home ________ (paint) white. It was sweet and fresh. Mary loved it.”
6. It is calculated by dividing a person’s weight in kg by their height in meters squared, and a BMI of between 19 and 25 ________ (consider) healthy.
7. As it ________ (connect) things, your brain turns them into a story, and you get a dream.
8. The study found that between 1985 and 2017, average rural BMI increased by 2.1 in women and men. In cities, however, the gain ________ (be) 1.3 in women and 1.6 in men.
9. There ________ (be) a dramatic rise in the number of extreme weather events over the past 20 years, caused largely by rising global temperatures, according to a new report from the United Nations.
10. This is why decorating with plants, fruits and flowers ________ (carry) special significance.
11. The artist was sure he would ________ (choose), but when he presented his masterpiece to the emperor’s chief minister, the old man laughed.
12. The parts of a museum open to the public ________ (call) galleries or rooms.
13. Often, only a small part of a museum’s collection ________ (be) on display. Most of it is stored away or used for research.
14. Oliver is a host of a TV programme on food. He says food ________ (play) a big role in his life.
15. Single-use plastic bags are used at most a few times before they________ (throw) away.
16. The Neanderthals ________ (live) alongside human ancestors in Europe for tens of thousands of years, before dying out about 40, 000 years ago.
17. And, as more children were born, more food ________ (need).
18. By about 6000 BC, people ________ (discover) the best crops to grow and animals to raise.
19. This style of farming lasted for quite a long time. Then, with the rise of science, changes began. New methods ________ (mean) that fewer people worked in farming.
20. Something significant is happening to the world population — it is aging. The median (中位数的) age of an American in 1950 ________ (be) 30 — today it is 41 and is expected to increase to 42 by 2050.
二、语篇填空
Passage 1
Any bird that crossed his path would be eaten by Rex, a German shepherd. Rex ___1___ (rescue) from his previous shelter, where he was going to be put down after a biting incident. Last year, he ___2___ (eventual) arrived at Puriton Horse and Animal Rescue.
Geraldine was a goose abandoned by owners who could no longer put up ___3___ her. She wasn’t exactly the picture of ___4___ (warm), either, when she arrived at the same shelter three months ago. The dog and the goose were individually given labels like cruel and dangerous. Neither seemed particularly harmonious with humans or even members of their own species.
But when the two ___5___ (annoy) creatures were offered a chance to hang out together, something magical happened. They chased each other when first ___6___ (introduce), but Geraldine stood up for herself and that was that. They just fell in love with each other.
“I’ve been doing rescue work since 1997 and seen all ___7___ (kind) of strange animal behavior, but I’ve never seen anything like this,” said Sheila Brislin, ___8___ is the founder of the shelter. “It’s so amusing to see them because they love each other to bits. They are very affectionate. She just ___9___ (run) around alongside him all day long and whenever we take him for ___10___ walk in the woods she has to come, too.”
Passage 2
At the beginning of the 21st century, slow and often uncomfortable trains struggled wildly across China, with low average speeds making ___11___ (journey) such as Shanghai-Beijing a test of endurance.
Since 2008 China's high-speed rail industry has evolved rapidly and built the world's longest network, symbolizing the ___12___ (country) economic power and increasing prosperity. The network ___13___ (expect) to double in length again, to 70, 000 kilometers, by 2035. In addition, the Chinese have created a ___14___ (total) different picture of high-speed rail network, ___15___ often proves faster and more reliable than Chinese domestic flights.
Not satisfied with pushing the boundaries of speed and civil engineering, Chinese companies are among the first in the world ___16___ (introduce) new technology such as autonomous train operation and advanced signaling. Although its trains are ___17___ the world's fastest, China is still spending billions of dollars on maglev (磁悬浮列车). Hopefully, it won't be long ___18___ China operates passenger services well beyond the current limits of steel wheels. ___19___ (take) a typically realistic approach to raising the speed of land transport, China sees maglev as ___20___ better option for bridging the gap between rail and air on long distance routes.
参考答案
一、用所给词的适当形式填空
【答案】1. is viewed/has been viewed 2. has 3. was 4. was built 5. was painted 6. is considered 7. connects 8. was 9. has been 10. carries 11. be chosen 12. are called 13. is 14. plays/has played/is playing/has been playing 15. are thrown 16. lived/had lived/had been living 17. was needed 18. had discovered 19. meant 20. was
二、语篇填空
Passage 1
【答案】1.was rescued 2. eventually 3. with 4. warmth 5. annoying 6. introduced 7. kinds 8. who 9. runs 10. a
【解析】本文是一篇记叙文。任何穿过Rex路的鸟都会被德国牧羊犬Rex吃掉。文章叙述的是Rex和其他动物相处的故事。
1. 考查一般过去时态的被动语态。句意：Rex从他以前的避难所中被救出，在一次咬人的事件后，他将被杀死。句子用一般过去时态的被动语态，主语是Rex，单数第三人称形式，故答案为was rescued。
2. 考查副词。此处arrived是动词，副词修饰动词，故答案为eventually。
3. 考查固定词组。put up with忍受，故答案为with。
4. 考查名词。句意：三个月前，当她到达同一个收容所时，她也不是那种温暖感觉。结合句意此处用名词形式，故答案为warmth。
5. 考查形容词。句意：但是，当这两种令人讨厌的生物被提供一个一起出去玩的机会时，神奇的事情发生了。annoying讨厌的，故答案为annoying。
6. 考查过去分词做时间状语。句意：当他们第一次被介绍时，他们互相追逐。句子主语They 和introduce之间是被动关系，此处是过去分词做时间状语，故答案为introduced。
7. 考查固定词组。all kinds of各种各样的，故答案为kinds。
8. 考查非限制性定语从句。此处Sheila Brislin是先行词，指人，在后面的非限制定语从句中做主语，故答案为who。
9. 考查时态和主谓一致。句意：她整天和他在一起，每当我们带他到树林里散步的时候，她也要来。结合句意可知句子用一般现在时态，句子主语是she，故答案为runs。
10. 考查不定冠词。句意：她整天和他在一起，每当我们带他到树林里散步的时候，她也要来。for a walk散步，故答案为a。
Passage 2
【答案】11. journeys 12. country’s 13. is expected 14. totally 15. which 16. to introduce 17. among 18. before 19. Taking 20. a
【解析】这是一篇新闻报道。文章主要介绍了中国高铁产业的迅速发展，为提高陆路运输的速度，中国将大力发展磁悬浮列车技术。
11. 考查名词的数。句意：在21世纪初，缓慢且常常让人不舒服的火车在中国各地艰难前行着，较低的平均速度让上海至北京这样的旅程成为对耐力的考验。journey是可数名词，在句子中为泛指意义，需要变复数。故填journeys。
12. 考查名词所有格。句意：2008年以来，中国高铁产业发展迅速，中国建成了世界上最长的铁路网络，象征着国家经济实力不断增强，日益繁荣。根据句意的需要，此处表示“国家的”，因此填入country的所有格作定语修饰economic power。故填country’s。
13. 考查时态和语态。句意：预计到 2035 年，铁路长度将翻倍，达到七万公里。分析句子结构可知，expect在句子中作为谓语动词使用，主语network 承受expect的动作，因此expect应该使用被动语态形式“be expected”。“be expected to do”意为“有望……”，表示一种可能性。根据上下文可知，这种可能性是建立在“目前”的，因此使用一般现在时，并且主语network 为单数意义。故填is expected。
14. 考查副词。句意：此外，中国人创造了一个完全不同的高铁网络图景，通常情况下它被证明比中国国内航班更快、更可靠。使用副词作状语修饰形容词different，total的副词是totally。故填totally。
15. 考查定语从句。句意：此外，中国人创造了一个完全不同的高铁网络图景，通常情况下它被证明比中国国内航班更快、更可靠。分析句子结构可知，空格处引导非限制性定语从句，high-speed rail network（高铁网络）是先行词，它在从句中作主语，指物，因此使用which引导定语从句。故填which。
16. 考查动词不定式。句意：不满足于突破速度和土木工程的界限，中国公司在世界上率先引入了自主列车运营和先进信号等新技术。本句中的first之后省略了conpanies，名词前有序数词修饰，后面用动词不定式作后置定语。故填to introduce。
17. 考查介词。句意：不满足于突破速度和土木工程的界限，中国公司在世界上率先引入了自主列车运营和先进信号等新技术。根据句意的需要及“the world’s fastest”，此处应该填入的介词表示“在三者或三者以上之中”，因此使用among是合适的。故填among。
18. 考查固定句型。句意：希望用不了多久，中国的客运服务将远远超出目前钢轮的限制。“It won’t be long before+一般现在时的句子”是固定句型，意为“用不了多长时间就……”，合乎句意的需要。故填before。
19. 考查现在分词。句意：采取典型的现实方法来提高陆路运输的速度，中国认为磁悬浮是弥合长途铁路和航空之间差距的更好选择。分析句子结构可知，take在句子中不作为谓语动词使用，China发出take的动作，因此使用take的现在分词作状语。故填Taking。
20. 考查冠词。句意：采取典型的现实方法来提高陆路运输的速度，中国认为磁悬浮是弥合长途铁路和航空之间差距的更好选择。option为可数名词，better是以辅音音素开头的单词，因此使用不定冠词a。a better option：一个更好的选择。故填a。
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